JPH0621854B2 - Sedimentation velocity measuring device - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sedimentation rate measuring device, namely, a method for delaying aggregation or precipitation of a suspension in water or a solution. This is a device for measuring speed, and can be used for performance evaluation of flocculants or water quality and solution evaluation.

(Prior art and its problems) In the treatment of wastewater sludge and the like, a method of aggregating suspended impurities contained in the sludge and treating the sludge is adopted as one of them. A flocculant is used for this flocculation, and the treatment efficiency greatly changes depending on the performance of the flocculant. Therefore, it is important to select a coagulant that matches the properties of wastewater sludge, etc., and for this selection or to evaluate the performance of the coagulant, add a coagulant to the sample sludge to coagulate suspended impurities. Then, the sedimentation velocity is measured and the measured value is used as an evaluation standard.

Conventionally, the settling velocity is measured visually, and as shown in Fig. 6, the wastewater sludge stored in the graduated cylinder (A) is set with about 5 check points (B) and (B). Add a flocculant to the sample solution such as to stir and invert to allow the boundary (11) between the flocculation layer in the graduated cylinder and the supernatant layer above it to pass the check points (B) and (B). It is measured and the sedimentation velocity is calculated from this.

With this visual method, although it is possible to measure multiple sample solutions at the same time, a person who notifies the user of this point by reading the time when the boundary (11) passes the check points (B) and (B) by observing the sedimentation phenomenon In reality, two measurers, one who received the information from the person who measured and recorded the time required to pass the checkpoint with a stopwatch, were actually necessary. When measuring the sedimentation rate for a large number of samples, there is a problem that, in addition to requiring a large number of personnel, the sedimentation rate is usually not so fast, so that the time required for the measurement also becomes long.

This is because it is by visual observation, the deviation of the measurement value by the measurer is unavoidable, and in order to reduce this deviation and yet to ensure sufficient accuracy,
This is because the checkpoint interval (measurement section) must be set to be long to some extent.

As a solution to this problem, a technique for measuring the sedimentation velocity of fibers in a pulp solution has been proposed.
There is one described in Japanese Patent Publication 54-78199. In this one, in order to measure the sedimentation velocity, the light source and the photodetector were opposed to each other with the stationary pulp solution in the sedimentation tank interposed therebetween, and the photodetector passed the boundary between the fiber solution part and the clarification part. Is detected by the difference in the intensity of light.When a photodetector on the upper side detects the boundary by a pair of photodetectors arranged above and below, and a photodetector on the lower side detects it. The sedimentation rate can be detected from the time difference from the time point.

Therefore, there is an advantage that the measurement error as described above can be eliminated.

However, this prior art can only measure the average sedimentation velocity between a pair of photodetectors arranged above and below, and cannot precisely measure the sedimentation velocity change. Further, it is impossible to measure a value corresponding to the amount of sediment such as sludge at the time of completion of sedimentation.

(Problem) The present invention has been made in view of such a point, "a light source (2) for irradiating the sample container (1) is provided in the vicinity thereof, and a sample aggregation layer and a supernatant layer in the sample container are provided. Settling velocity measuring device for detecting the change in the position of the boundary (11) from the opposite side of the light source (2) to measure the sedimentation velocity. It is an object of the present invention to be able to measure the sedimentation rate accurately and to measure the sedimentation rate change and the amount of sedimentation at the time of completion of sedimentation.

(Technical Means) The technical means of the present invention taken to explain the above problems are
`` The light source (2) is constructed in a vertically long direction parallel to the sample container (1), and a shield plate (7) having a slit (71) of a constant width near the sample container (1) is provided on the opposite side of the light source (2). 7) is provided, and a television camera (35) is provided through which the sample in the sample container (1) is seen through the slit (71), and the image output of this television camera (35) is used as an area measuring device (36). This area measuring device (36) detects the boundary between the image output and the slit (71).
The area below (11) is calculated over time, and the calculated value is input to the recording device (5), and this recording device (5) is configured to output the calculated value in time series. ” is there.

(Operation) The technical means of the present invention operates as follows.

The light source (2) and the TV camera (35) face each other with the sample container (1) sandwiched therebetween, and are vertically divided by the slit (71) in the range of the sample container (1) illuminated by the light source (2). The area is photographed by the television camera (35) from the opposite side of the light source (2). Since the light source (2) is vertically long and parallel to the sample container (1), the brightness captured by the television camera (35) is uniform. Moreover, shield plate
Since the sample in the sample container (1) is seen through the slit (71) formed in (7), the inside of the sample container (1) in this imaging area is clearly photographed. Become.

Then, the image output by the television camera (35) is input to the area measuring device (36), and in this area measuring device (36), the area of the portion below the boundary (11) generated in the sample container (1),
In other words, the area below the boundary (11) within the range of the slit (71) is calculated over time, and this calculated value is input to the recording device (5) and output in time series from the recording device (5). From this output, the time change of the area can be read.

The calculated value of the area measuring device (36), that is, the state in which the output of the recording device (5) does not change with time, corresponds to the state in which the sedimentation is completed, and the output value of the recording device (5) at this time is It corresponds to the amount of sediment such as sludge in the measurement liquid.

(Effect) The present invention has the following unique effects.

The area under the boundary (11) within the range of the slit (71) is calculated over time, and this calculated value is output in time series from the recording device (5), so the sedimentation velocity of sediment is accurate. In addition to being able to measure, it is possible to measure the change in the sedimentation rate. Also, a value corresponding to the amount of sediment such as sludge in the liquid to be measured can be measured.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a light source is provided for the sample container (1).
The inside of the sample container (1) is photographed by the TV camera (35) provided on the opposite side of (2), and the image output from this TV camera (35) is input to the area measuring device (36). The output from the measuring device (36) is input to the recording device (5).

In this case, the recording device (5) naturally has a recording paper, a plotter, and the like built-in, and the measured value at that time is displayed on the recording paper according to the output from the area measuring device (36).

The development area of the TV camera (35) is limited to a specific range in advance. Therefore, the front side (TV camera side) of the sample container (1) has a constant width as shown in FIG. A shield plate (7) having a vertically long slit (71) is provided,
Moreover, the light source (2) is a vertically long light-emitting body such as a fluorescent lamp.

According to the above embodiment, the light source (2) causes the sample container (1) to
It will be illuminated over the entire lower area, and the TV camera
At (35), the inside of the sample container (1) appearing inside the slit (71) of the shield plate (7) is imaged. Therefore, the area measured by the television camera (35) and the area measuring device (36) is the area of the aggregation layer (15) below the boundary (11) surrounded by the slit (71) having a constant width, and at each time point. This area will be recorded by the recording device (5). This recorded value is an area, but since the horizontal width, which is one of the basic data for area calculation, is constant, the area change rate becomes the sedimentation velocity as it is.

In this example, from the time when the liquid to be measured in the sample container started to agglomerate, the boundary (11) was clarified, and after that, it is possible to record all the changes until agglomeration is completed by agglomeration. The measurement record can be graphed as shown in Fig. 3,
Various evaluation methods are possible.

That is, a method of evaluation based on the time required from the start of aggregation to the time of reaching the stable state of the aggregation rate (sedimentation rate), a method of evaluation by the rate in the stable state of sedimentation rate, and the like are possible. It is also possible to measure the amount of sludge at the completion of sedimentation.

An area measuring device in combination with the TV camera adopted in this embodiment is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-3104.
The device disclosed in No. 7 can be adopted, and according to this, the area of the measured object (the portion of the aggregation layer (15) in the slit (71)) imaged by the television camera (35) is output. ,
Converting a video signal each time the TV camera (35) completes one frame scan into a voltage value corresponding to this video signal amount, integrating each voltage value in all scanning sections and displaying it as an area Becomes

This area measuring device can limit the scanning area to a specific range in advance, and can set the horizontal scanning direction to the vertical direction depending on the mounting posture of the TV camera (35), so-called vertical sampling is possible. Therefore, the position of the boundary (11) can be detected at high speed.

As the area measuring device described above, for example, a combination of a solid state television camera (C1700) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics KK and a Wizs analyzer (C1170) manufactured by the same can be adopted.

Next, as a device for continuously measuring the sedimentation velocity of many samples, the devices shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be adopted.

According to this, the holding means (61) for holding the two sample containers (1) and (1) is provided in the rectangular transfer means (6), and one side of this transfer path is used as the measurement area to transfer the rectangular transfer means (6). 6) is run intermittently, the above-mentioned settling velocity measuring device is provided in the measurement area in the transfer direction, and the stirring means (62) and the chemical injection means (63) are arranged on the upstream side, so that the properties are different. The sedimentation performance of specific chemicals (coagulants) in wastewater or solution can be measured continuously.

In addition, if the drug input amount can be adjusted, it can be used to select the appropriate input ratio of the same drug, and multiple drug containers (8), (8) can be associated with the pipes to the drug input means (63) and input. If the drugs can be selected, the effect of each drug on a specific sample liquid can be continuously evaluated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a shield plate (7)
3 is an output graph of this embodiment, FIG.
Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram for the case of continuously measuring a large number of samples, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the conventional measuring method. In the figure, (1) …… Sample container, (11) …… Border (12 ) ... 1st specific point, (13) ... 2nd specific point (2) ... light source, (3) ... boundary position detection means (31) ... 1st detection sensor, (32) ... 2nd Optical sensor (35) …… TV camera, (36) …… Area measuring device (4) …… Clock, (42) …… Display means (5) …… Recording device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light source for irradiating a sample container (1) in the vicinity thereof.
(2) is provided, and the sedimentation velocity is measured by detecting the change in the position of the boundary (11) between the sample aggregation layer and the supernatant layer in this sample container from the opposite side of the light source (2). In the measuring device, the light source (2) is constructed vertically parallel to the sample container (1), and a slit (71) of a certain width is provided near the sample container (1) on the opposite side of the light source (2). A television camera (35) is provided, which is provided with a shield plate (7) and allows the sample in the sample container (1) to be seen through the slit (71). The measurement device (36) is input, and the area measurement device (36) calculates the area below the boundary (11) in the slit (71) from the image output over time to obtain the calculated value. A sedimentation velocity measuring device configured to input to the recording device (5), and the recording device (5) outputs the calculated values in time series.