JPH062248B2 - Method and device for spraying chemicals on self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a chemical spraying method and device for a self-propelled chemical sprayer such as a speed sprayer, and a self-propelled sprayer capable of efficient chemical spraying. The present invention relates to a chemical spraying method and device for a chemical spraying vehicle.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional speed sprayer, the ejection flow rate of the medicine from the nozzle of the ejection head is not controlled by various parameters of the speed sprayer.

Further, when the road surface condition in the spraying area is poor, slippage occurs in the drive wheels of the speed sprayer, but conventional speed sprayers have not taken measures to suppress slippage of the drive wheels.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Therefore, the flow rate of the chemical sprayed from the nozzle at the spray head is fixed regardless of the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer,
In the spray area where the speed sprayer is running at high speed, the amount of chemical sprayed per unit area is reduced, and in the spray area where the speed sprayer is running at low speed,
The amount of drug sprayed per unit area has increased, and the drug spray has become uneven due to the ground condition of the field and wheel slip.

Furthermore, slippage on the drive wheels of the speed sprayer leads to a decrease in the speed sprayer's vehicle speed, which increases the spraying time of the drug.

It is an object of the inventions of claims 1, 3, 4 and 6 to uniformize the spraying of the drug in the spraying area despite the change in the vehicle speed of the self-propelled drug spraying vehicle, thereby improving the spraying of the drug and improving the spraying of the drug. It is to improve the efficiency of the spraying work.

The object of the inventions of claims 2, 3, 5 and 6 is to suppress the slippage of the drive wheels of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle to allow the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle to run smoothly, whereby the spraying time of the chemicals is reduced. To improve the efficiency of the drug spraying work.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention will be described using the reference numerals of the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.

The self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) according to claim 1, wherein:
The vehicle speed of the self-propelled drug spraying vehicle (10) is detected, and based on this value, the spraying amount per unit area of the drug sprayed from the nozzles (84, 86) via the control means (98) is made uniform. In the intended chemical spraying method for a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle, the control means (98) controls the pressure regulating valve (70) so that the spray pressure at the nozzles (84, 86) increases or decreases with respect to the increase or decrease in the vehicle speed. It becomes.

In the chemical spraying method of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) according to claim 2,
The slip ratio of the drive wheels (14) is detected, and when the slip ratio is high, the reduction ratio of the transmission (48) is increased to suppress the slip of the drive wheels (14), and from the nozzles (84, 86). Disperse the drug.

In the chemical spraying method of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) of claim 3,
The vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) is detected, and the spray pressure is adjusted so that the spray pressure of the chemical in the nozzles (84, 86) increases as the vehicle speed increases, and the drive wheels (14) The slip ratio of the transmission (4
8) Increase the reduction ratio.

In the chemical spraying device of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) according to claim 4,
Vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting vehicle speed of self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10)
And a nozzle (84,86) that ejects the drug, and this nozzle (84,8)
6) installed on the upstream side of the nozzle (84,86) to adjust the spray pressure in the nozzle (70), and when the vehicle speed is high based on the detection value of the vehicle speed sensor (96), the nozzle (84,86) And a control means (98) for controlling the pressure adjustment value of the pressure adjustment valve (70) so that the spray pressure of the drug is increased.

In the chemical spraying device of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) according to claim 5,
Vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting vehicle speed of self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10)
And a drive wheel speed sensor that detects the rotational speed of the drive wheel (14)
(94) and the drive speed to control the engine rotation with adjustable reduction ratio (14)
The slip ratio of the drive wheel (14) is detected from the detected values of the transmission (48) and the vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel speed sensor (94). And a control means (98) for increasing the reduction ratio.

In the chemical spraying device of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) according to claim 6,
Vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting vehicle speed of self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10)
And a drive wheel speed sensor that detects the rotational speed of the drive wheel (14)
(94), nozzles (84, 86) for ejecting chemicals, and a transmission (4 that can adjust the reduction ratio and transmits the engine rotation to the drive wheels (14).
8) and the nozzle (84,86) provided upstream of the nozzle (84,86)
A pressure regulator (70) for adjusting the spray pressure and a vehicle speed sensor (9
As the vehicle speed increases, the nozzle (84,8
6) The pressure regulation value of the pressure regulation valve (70) is controlled so that the spray pressure of the drug increases, and the slip ratio of the drive wheel (14) is detected from the detection values of the vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel speed sensor (94). And a control means (98) for increasing the speed reduction ratio of the transmission (48) as the slip ratio increases.

[Action]

In the inventions of claims 1 and 3, the spray pressure of the drug in the nozzle (84, 86) increases as the vehicle speed of the self-propelled drug spraying vehicle (10) increases, and the spray pressure from the nozzle (84, 86) increases. The flow rate of the drug is increased. Therefore, the amount of the chemical sprayed from the nozzles (84, 86) per unit distance traveled by the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) becomes substantially equal regardless of the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10).

In the inventions of claims 2 and 3, the reduction ratio of the transmission (48) increases as the slip ratio in the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) increases, and the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10). Will slow down. As a result, the rotation speed of the drive wheel (14) is reduced, the slip of the drive wheel (14) is reduced, and the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) is increased. As a result, self-propelled chemical spraying vehicles
(10) runs in a predetermined spraying area in the shortest time.

In the inventions of claims 4 and 6, the control means (98) changes the pressure regulating value of the pressure regulating valve (70) based on the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) detected by the vehicle speed sensor (96). , As a result, the spray pressure of the drug increases as the vehicle speed of the self-propelled drug spraying vehicle (10) increases.
As a result, the flow rate of the drug ejected from the nozzles (84, 86) increases. Therefore, the jet flow rate of the chemicals from the nozzles (84, 86) per unit distance traveled by the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) becomes substantially equal regardless of the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10).

In the inventions of claims 5 and 6, the vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel speed sensor (94) detect the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) and the rotation speed of the drive wheels (14), respectively. As the slip on the drive wheel (14) increases, the difference between the rotational speed of the drive wheel (14) and the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) increases, and the vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel speed The slip ratio of the drive wheel (14) can be known from the detection value of the sensor (94). The control means (98) is driven wheel (1
The speed reduction ratio of the transmission (48) is changed based on the slip ratio of (4), which causes the speed reduction ratio of the transmission (48) to increase on the drive wheels (14) as the slip ratio increases and drive The rotation speed of the wheel (14) decreases and the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) increases.
As a result, the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) runs in a predetermined spraying area in the shortest time.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.

Figure 2 shows a speed sprayer as a self-propelled chemical sprayer.
It is a side view of 10. The speed sprayer 10 includes a frame body 16 that is self-propelled by a front wheel 12 as a steered wheel and a rear wheel 14 as a drive wheel. The frame body 16 has a driver's seat 18 and a medicine in order from the front. The medicine tank 20 for storing, the hood 22, the spout 24, and a blower 26 for supplying a carrier air to the spout 24.
Is installed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an engine power transmission path and a drug circuit in the speed sprayer 10. The output shaft 32 of the engine 30 is connected to the moving blades 36 of the blower 26 at one end through the clutch 34, and the sprocket 38 and the pulley 40 are integrally and integrally mounted at the other end. Engine power is transmitted from the sprocket 38 to the continuously variable transmission 48 via the chain 42, the sprocket 44 and the input shaft 46, and the continuously variable transmission
The actuator 48 allows the reduction ratio to be adjusted steplessly by operating an operation arm (not shown) by the actuator 50. Engine power is transmitted from the continuously variable transmission 48 to the rear wheels 14 as drive wheels via the output shaft 52, the propeller shaft 54, and the differential device 56. Thus, engine 30
The rear wheel 14 is rotated by the rotation of, and the speed sprayer 10 runs. The engine power in the output shaft 32 of the engine 30 is also transmitted to the drive shaft 64 of the spray pump 62 via the belt 58 and the pulley 60. By the operation of the spray pump 62, the medicine in the medicine tank 20 reaches the pressure regulating valve 70 via the liquid passage 66, the spray pump 62 and the liquid passage 68, and after the pressure is regulated by the pressure regulating valve 70, the liquid passage 72 is formed. After that, it reaches the liquid separator 74. Liquid 72
The medicine that has not been sent to is returned to the medicine tank 20 via the liquid path 76. Multiple manually operated open / close cocks 78
It is provided on the outlet side of 74 and is connected to a manually operated variation cock 82 via a pipe 80.

The nozzles 84 and 86 are different types of nozzles from each other, and
(FIG. 2) and is connected to the variation cock 82. The drug in the drug tank 20 is opened / closed by the open / close cock 78
And the sprays are sprayed from the nozzles 84 and 86 selected by switching the variation cock 82 onto agricultural products such as fruit trees around the speed sprayer 10.

The amount of drug sprayed to crops is determined in relation to the type of drug.
May be switched. Further, depending on the surrounding spraying condition, there is a case where the range in which the drug needs to be sprayed is only on one side or on the upper side of the speed sprayer 10. In such a case, it is necessary to individually open and close the opening / closing cock 78. .

The pressure sensor 88 communicates with the liquid path 72 and detects the pressure of the drug in the liquid path 72, that is, the spray pressure of the drug in the nozzles 84 and 86. The actuator 90 adjusts the preload of the compression coil spring of the pressure regulating valve 70, thereby changing the pressure regulating value of the pressure regulating valve 70. The rotation speed sensor 92 detects the rotation speed of the output shaft 32 of the engine 30, and the rotation speed sensor 94 detects the rotation speed of the output shaft 52 of the continuously variable transmission 48. Rotation speed sensor 92,94
Has a known structure in which a coil detects a change in magnetic flux density due to the rotation of a gear integrally and rotationally fitted to the output shafts 32 and 52. The vehicle speed sensor 96 emits a radio wave to the ground and detects the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10 from the reflected wave, and is a known one used for police enforcement of speeding and the like. The electronic control device 98 receives the detection values of the pressure sensor 88, the rotation speed sensors 92, 94, and the vehicle speed sensor 96, and sends control signals based on them to the actuators 50, 90.

The operation of the embodiment will be described.

The ejection flow rate Q of the medicine from the nozzles 84 and 86 is proportional to the square root of the spray pressure P at the nozzles 84 and 86. Further, the spray amount of the chemical agent per unit area is the jet flow rate Q / speed sprayer 10
Is proportional to the vehicle speed V. Therefore, it is sufficient to maintain (√P) / V constant in order to evenly distribute the medicine in the distribution area.

The vehicle speed sensor 96 detects the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10. The electronic control unit 98 controls the pressure regulating valve 70 when the vehicle speed is high.
The actuator 90 is controlled so that the pressure regulation value at the point of the above is increased, whereby the spray pressure of the medicine at the nozzles 84 and 86 increases as the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10 increases, and √P / V is maintained constant. To be done. Electronic control unit
98 uses the detection value of the pressure sensor 88 as a feedback signal of the spray pressure to feedback control the pressure of the drug in the liquid path 72. In this way, the flow rate of the medicine ejected from the nozzles 84, 86 changes in relation to the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10, and the medicine ejection amount from the nozzles 84, 86 per unit distance traveled by the speed sprayer 10 is the same as that of the speed sprayer 10. It becomes almost equal regardless of the vehicle speed.

The speed sprayer 10 causes the rear wheel 14 as a driving wheel to slip in a place where the road surface condition is poor. Electronic control unit 98
Calculates the slip ratio of the rear wheel 14 from the detection values of the rotation speed sensor 94 and the vehicle speed sensor 96. As the slip on the rear wheel 14 increases, the difference between the rotation speed of the output shaft 52 and the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10 increases, and the slip rate of the rear wheel 14 is detected from the detection values of the rotation speed sensor 94 and the vehicle speed sensor 96. I understand. The electronic control unit 98 sends a control signal based on the slip ratio of the rear wheels 14 to the actuator 50, and the continuously variable transmission 48 changes the reduction ratio by the actuator 50, and the reduction ratio of the continuously variable transmission 48 increases. As a result, the rotation speed of the rear wheels 14 is
As the slip ratio of 14 increases, the slip ratio decreases and the vehicle speed of the speed sprayer 10 increases. As a result, the speed sprayer 10 runs in a predetermined spraying area in the shortest time.

Further, when the speed sprayer 10 climbs a steep slope or the like, the engine 30 may be overloaded. In the overloaded state of the engine 30, the rotation speed of the output shaft 32 of the engine 30 changes. The electronic control unit 98 detects a variation in the rotation speed of the output shaft 32 of the engine 30 from the rotation speed sensor 92, and in the overloaded state of the engine 30, controls the actuator 50 in the same manner as when the rear wheel 14 slips. Through increasing the reduction ratio of the continuously variable transmission 48. As a result, the load on the engine 30 is reduced, and the output shaft 32 of the engine 30 has a rated and stable rotation speed.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the inventions of claims 1, 3, 4 and 6, the spray pressure of the medicine in the nozzle increases as the vehicle speed of the self-propelled medicine spraying vehicle increases, and the flow rate of the medicine ejected from the nozzle increases to increase the self-propelled medicine. It is possible to make the ejection amount of the drug per unit distance traveled by the spraying vehicle substantially equal regardless of the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle. Therefore, the spraying density of the medicine in the spraying area becomes uniform, good spraying can be performed, and the spraying work efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the field is not damaged because the vehicle always travels with the minimum slip. In addition, since the vehicle runs in the most efficient state, the waste of fuel is eliminated.

In the inventions of claims 2, 3, 5 and 6, the reduction ratio in the transmission increases as the slip ratio of the drive wheels increases, and the rotation speed of the drive wheels decreases, thereby increasing the vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle. Can be made. Therefore, the time required for the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle to travel for spraying the chemicals in the spraying area is shortened, and thereby the efficiency of the chemical spraying work can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a diagram showing an engine power transmission path and a medicine circuit in a speed sprayer, and FIG. 2 is a side view of a speed sprayer as a self-propelled medicine spraying vehicle. 10 ... Speed sprayer (self-propelled chemical sprayer),
14 ... Rear wheels (driving wheels), 48 ... Continuously variable transmission (transmission), 70 ... Pressure regulating valves, 84, 86 ... Nozzles,
94 ... Rotational speed sensor (driving wheel speed sensor), 96
... vehicle speed sensor, 98 ... electronic control device (control means).

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A spraying agent per unit area of a chemical sprayed from a nozzle (84, 86) through a control means (98) based on the detected vehicle speed of a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10). In the method of spraying a drug on a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle aiming to make the amount uniform, the control means (98) controls the nozzle (84,
A method for spraying chemicals on a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle, in which the pressure regulating valve (70) is controlled so that the spray pressure in 86) increases and decreases. 2. The slip ratio of the drive wheels (14) is detected, and when the slip ratio is large, the reduction ratio of the transmission (48) is increased,
Nozzles (84,86) while suppressing slip of the drive wheels (14)
A method for spraying a drug on a self-propelled drug spraying vehicle, characterized in that the drug is sprayed from the container. 3. A vehicle speed of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10) is detected, and the spray pressure is adjusted so that the spray pressure of the chemical in the nozzles (84, 86) increases as the vehicle speed increases. A method for spraying chemicals on a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle, characterized in that the slip ratio of the drive wheels (14) is detected, and the reduction ratio of the transmission (48) is increased as the slip ratio is higher. 4. A vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting the vehicle speed of a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10), a nozzle (84,86) for ejecting a chemical, and an upstream side of this nozzle (84,86). The above nozzle (84,86)
The pressure adjusting valve (70) for adjusting the spray pressure in the nozzle and the nozzle (8) when the vehicle speed is high based on the detection value of the vehicle speed sensor (96).
4,86) of the self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle, characterized in that it has a control means (98) for controlling the pressure adjustment value of the pressure adjustment valve (70) so that the spray pressure of the agent increases. Drug spraying device. 5. A vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting a vehicle speed of a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10), a drive wheel speed sensor (94) for detecting a rotation speed of a drive wheel (14), and a reduction ratio are adjusted. A transmission (48) that freely transmits the engine rotation to the drive wheel (14), and the slip ratio of the drive wheel (14) from the detection values of the vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel speed sensor (94). A chemical spraying device for a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle, comprising: a control means (98) for increasing the speed reduction ratio of the transmission (48) as the slip ratio is detected. 6. A vehicle speed sensor (96) for detecting a vehicle speed of a self-propelled chemical spraying vehicle (10), a drive wheel speed sensor (94) for detecting a rotation speed of a drive wheel (14), and a chemical spray. Nozzle (84,86)
With the reduction ratio adjustable, the engine rotation can be controlled by the drive wheel (14).
Of the transmission (48) that is transmitted to the nozzle (84, 86) and a pressure regulating valve (70) that is provided on the upstream side of the nozzle (84, 86) to adjust the spray pressure at the nozzle (84, 86), and the vehicle speed sensor (96). The vehicle speed sensor (96) and the drive wheel are controlled while controlling the pressure regulating value of the pressure regulating valve (70) so that the spray pressure of the medicine in the nozzle (84, 86) increases as the vehicle speed increases based on the detected value. And a control means (98) for detecting the slip ratio of the drive wheel (14) from the detection value of the speed sensor (94) and increasing the reduction ratio of the transmission (48) as the slip ratio increases. A chemical spraying device for a self-propelled chemical spraying car.