JPH062274B2 - Waste treatment equipment using ships - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating municipal refuse and various industrial wastes offshore using a ship, and more specifically,
The present invention relates to a means for reusing an active ingredient at a relatively low temperature by irradiation treatment with far infrared rays without the problem of securing a site for a facility.

(Prior Art) Currently, regarding municipal waste and various industrial wastes, each municipality has installed an incineration facility, disposes of the collected waste in an incinerator, and burys the ash in a landfill, but this is increasing. The current situation is that the expansion of landfills, etc., cannot keep up with the waste of the above. Especially in urban areas, it is feared that the processing capacity will be extremely insufficient due to soaring underground and the opposition of local residents, which will hinder the living environment.

On the other hand, as a conventional solution, a technique of processing at a port or the like is disclosed in JP-A-63-31901 and 63-255194.
It has been proposed in the Japanese publication.

However, from a technical point of view of this treatment, since the method of incineration that burns all the waste is adopted, the following problems remain.

That is, in this method, a) the treatment is performed at a high temperature, the equipment is severely damaged, the operating cost such as repair cost is great and the economical burden is heavy, and b) the reusable active ingredient is probably contained in the waste. However, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of resource utilization to dispose of it in the form of combustion. C) Furthermore, waste gases such as chlorine gas and carbon dioxide generated during combustion are not only harmful to the human body, It is a factor that contributes to global warming and remains a problem in terms of causing environmental pollution.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the low temperature irradiation using far infrared rays is aimed at the ocean where the land problem is relatively small, and away from the means of combustion. This means that we have developed means to recover the active ingredient and to protect the environment through treatment.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The waste treatment device of the present invention is provided on a ship with municipal waste such as raw garbage and fishery waste, marine product processed food, processed food, wood processing waste, wood building material waste, etc. It has a means for mounting the industrial waste storage case. Then, the periphery of the waste is hermetically sealed with far-infrared radiation ceramics, and
A heating means for irradiating and heating far infrared radiation at a temperature suitable for the processed material to vaporize and / or carbonize is provided, and
It has an irradiation furnace whose thermal exhaust is formed in a double layer surrounding the outside of the ceramics. The vessel is equipped with a storage means for storing active ingredients such as wood vinegar and carbon obtained by the irradiation treatment.

(Action) Municipal waste and various industrial waste are hermetically sealed,
And, when irradiated with far infrared rays at a temperature suitable for the purpose of treatment, first the liquid substance inside absorbs resonance due to infrared activity, the liquid substance such as wood vinegar is vaporized, and the temperature is further raised to continue irradiation. , The organic matter is carbonized and can be processed at low temperature. At this time, since it is not an incineration process, no combustion gas is emitted, so there is no problem of secondary environmental pollution.

Since this irradiation processing is performed on the ocean using a ship, the land problem is solved.

After arriving at the port, the active ingredients such as wood vinegar and carbon obtained by the treatment can be recovered, so there is no waste.

(Embodiment of Device) In FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, reference numeral 1 is a ship, and a tip end thereof has a loading means such as a crane 3 for loading a storage case 2 such as a container loaded in a harbor. . The storage case 2 stores therein city garbage such as raw garbage, and industrial waste such as fishery waste, marine product, food processing waste, and wooden construction material waste classified by secondary products. . Four
Is a conveying means such as a conveyor for transferring the container. Reference numeral 5 is a far-infrared irradiation furnace provided in the cabin or on the deck, and 6 is a hangar for storing the treated active ingredients.

The details of the irradiation furnace 5 are as shown in FIG. 2. An irradiation chamber 10 that can be shielded in an oxygen-free state is provided at the center, a waste input port 11 is provided at the upper part thereof, and carbonized carbon is provided at the lower part. An outlet 12 for taking out the above is arranged, and the periphery is surrounded by far-infrared irradiation ceramics 13. This far-infrared irradiation ceramics 13 is, for example, mixed with powders of 10% calcined white porcelain, 53% alumina, 5% ferrous oxide, 10% carbon, and 5% silica, and kneaded by adding 5% alumina cement and 12% water. And has a strong radiation characteristic in the region of 7 to 14 μm.

The periphery of the irradiation chamber 10 is covered with a heating chamber 14 having a heating burner 15 facing the lower part thereof, and a partition wall 16 is provided on the side wall so that the heated air comes in contact with the far infrared irradiation ceramics 13 and rises.
Is wound in a spiral shape, and the smoke pipe 17 is erected on the upper part.

Further, an exhaust port 18 for exhausting a gas body generated by the irradiation process is provided on one upper side of the irradiation chamber 10, and an exhaust pipe 19 is connected to the exhaust port 18, and a reflow pipe 21 via a switching valve 20 in the middle thereof. After discharging the generated steam, the switching valve 20 is operated and returned to the heating burner 15 by the reflow pipe 21 when the carbonization process is started, so that it can be used as combustion gas.

If the waste is of one type, one large furnace may be installed, but if there are many types of waste, a plurality of irradiation furnaces 5 may be provided.

As a result, the apparatus of the present invention performs irradiation treatment in which waste is irradiated and heated in an oxygen-free state to be vaporized and / or carbonized, so that a large amount of exhaust gas such as carbon dioxide gas is not generated and a pollution problem does not occur. Is possible.

In addition, since far infrared rays are used according to the nature of the waste, it is possible to perform decomposition gasification, which originally requires high temperatures, at relatively low temperatures, and avoid increasing the size of the equipment even in a narrow ship. , It becomes possible to put it together compactly.

Further, since the outside of the radiant ceramics is covered with the thermal exhaust of the irradiation furnace in a double layer, the ceramics can efficiently radiate far infrared rays by utilizing the exhaust heat, and the supply of power source and heat source is extremely limited. It is excellent in that it does not require a new heat source.

(Test Example 1) <In the case of construction waste wood and wood waste wood> When waste wood is made to contain 60% or more of water and is put into the irradiation chamber 10 through the inlet 11 and the heating burner 15 is ignited, heating gas is generated. Surrounding the bottom and the periphery, the room temperature rises to about 150 ° C., and the radiation from the far-infrared radiation ceramics 13 becomes strong.

Then, after about 1 hour, the sap inside the wood of the waste first shows infrared activity by far-infrared radiation, and vibration is excited by resonance absorption to increase the molecular amplitude, and the sap vaporizes and escapes from the wood part, Will be released to. Especially 7 ~
In the 14μ wavelength region, the infrared activity against sap is strong,
The sap content can be effectively vaporized. This is liquefied through an exhaust stack 19 and a cooling tank (not shown),
Store. This is wood vinegar, which can be used as an active ingredient such as acetic acid, methyl alcohol, and acetone by treating with distillation.

When the temperature is further raised to about 400 ° C. and irradiation with far-infrared rays is continued for about 5 hours, the wood part after leaching the sap is carbonized to become carbon.

During this time, a part is gasified in the process of carbonization, so the switching valve 20 is actuated midway to lead to the reflow pipe 21 and sent to the heating burner 15 so that it can be used as fuel, and about half the heating fuel is used. Is saved.

Test Example 2 <In the case of electric wire waste> The electric wire waste is cut into about 1 meter, placed in the irradiation chamber 10, and irradiated and heated with far-infrared radiation ceramics at about 280 ° C for about 4 hours. Further, the combustion exhaust gas passes through the lime liquid shower tank 22 to neutralize chlorine gas and render it harmless.

The method is advantageous in two respects. One of the reasons is that the vinyl chloride wrapped around the electric wire may decompose immediately when incinerated at a high temperature and release chlorine gas, which intensifies the damage to the furnace and is one of the causes of pollution. However, in this method, since the treatment can be performed at a relatively low temperature, the generation of chlorine gas can be suppressed to a minimum.

The other is effective in terms of recovering copper and tin. That is, when incineration at about 1300 ° C in the related art, copper becomes hard due to the high temperature and the quality of regenerated kneading deteriorates. Since the temperature is as low as 280 ° C, good quality copper can be obtained without deterioration of quality. In addition, in the case of F cables for indoor wiring cables, when incinerated conventionally, tin fell into the ash, and it was necessary to recover tin from this ash, but with this method, tin does not fall. Since it can be recovered at the same time as copper, it can be recovered by specific gravity selection.

Test Example 3 <In the case of raw garbage> Raw garbage discarded from home and bread dough from a food processing plant are put in, and irradiation treatment is performed at a heating temperature of 180 to 220 ° C. for about 4 hours. Then, since garbage contains nearly 80% of water, it takes a lot of energy to evaporate, but
In this method, since infrared rays have a strong infrared activity, effective absorption occurs even at a low temperature, and evaporation can be relatively easily caused. Then, carbonization of the raw garbage after evaporation is suppressed, taken out in a dry state, crushed by a crusher to homogenize, and then fermented by adding an enzyme, a bacterilla or the like to obtain an organic fertilizer.

Fishery processing waste can be treated in the same manner, and the bones of large livestock and the bones of large fish can be used as feed for fish and animals.

Test Example 4 <In the case of plastic waste> Styrofoam, FRP, etc. were charged into the irradiation furnace and 400
When the irradiation is carried out at a temperature of within 1 ° C. for about 1 hour, a part of the carbonization occurs due to the irradiation of far infrared rays. Then, the exhaust gas is pushed through the lime shower tank 22 in the same manner as the electric wire to recover the oxide, detoxify it, and discharge it.

In addition, it is economically preferable to use an idle ship by improving the ship used in this method, and the offshore treatment may be carried out while the ship is operating or at a fixed location. And, of course, this law does not include the dumping of waste into the sea.

(Advantages of the Invention) Based on the above configuration, the present invention can perform offshore treatment in a ship that is sailing or moored, so that there is a practical effect that it is possible to solve the problem of securing a treatment site and being difficult due to complaints from residents.

In addition, since it can be processed at low temperature by oxygen-free irradiation using far infrared rays, it can be processed at a low temperature of about 100 ° C compared to the high temperature of a combustion furnace, as well as the temperature of a conventional carbonization furnace, and the generation of waste gas can be suppressed. In addition, there is little technical damage and there is no air pollution due to combustion gas, which is an excellent technical effect.

Furthermore, since the treated product can be effectively used as wood vinegar, fertilizer, carbon, etc., the waste of the conventional method of incineration and disposal can be corrected.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of the entire ship, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an irradiation furnace. 1 ... Vessel 2 ... Storage Case 4 ... Far Infrared Irradiation Furnace 6 ... Hangar 10 ... Irradiation Room 13 ...
・ Far infrared irradiation ceramics 14 ・ ・ ・ Heating chamber 15
... Heating burner 21 ... Reflow tube

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A means for mounting a storage case for industrial wastes such as municipal wastes such as raw garbage and fishery wastes, fishery products, food products, wood processing wastes, wood building materials wastes, and the wastes. The surroundings are sealed with far-infrared radiation ceramics in an oxygen-free state, and a heating means for irradiating and heating far-infrared radiation at a temperature suitable for the processed material to vaporize and / or carbonize is provided, and its heat exhaust Is disposed in the vessel, the irradiation furnace having a double layer surrounding the outside of the ceramics, and a storage means for storing active ingredients such as wood vinegar and carbon obtained by the irradiation treatment. Object processing equipment.