JPH0628531B2 - Harvesting method of root vegetables - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement of a root vegetable harvesting method for harvesting long root vegetables such as burdock and radish.

[Prior Art] A method for harvesting long root vegetables is to dig a deep groove with a groove digging machine on the one side of the root vegetables cultivated in the field according to the cultivation regulations, and to root the root vegetables in the groove. A method is known in which the soil around the vegetables is broken down and root vegetables are taken out. Also,
As disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 57-43713, a pair of opposed and downwardly projecting arms are connected to a towing vehicle, and a pair of gobs are reversely attached to a lower portion of the pair of arms in a front-back view. Provided so as to face each other in an eight-letter shape, and by the pair of gobs, excavate the soil located above the lower end of the root vegetables, on both sides of the regulations of the root vegetables in the field where the root vegetables are cultivated. , There is known a method of digging root vegetables in a state of floating on the surface of the soil by the pressure of the soil digging.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, these conventional means are inefficient in harvesting work in the former case, and in the latter case, root vegetables to be harvested remarkably like burdock root and yam. If it extends deeply into the ground, the rams that are placed at the lower ends of the pair of arms so as to face each other in an inverted octagonal shape will be passed through the soil layer that is tightly tightened below the soil layer. There is a problem that a great traction force is required as in the case of crushed go.

The present invention was made in order to solve these problems that have occurred in the conventional means, and it is possible to efficiently harvest root vegetables without requiring much power, and the harvest is root vegetables. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new method for harvesting root vegetables, which can be performed without causing any damage to the root vegetables.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been completed based on the findings obtained by repeating research and experiments for achieving the above-mentioned object.

That is, the root portion W of the root vegetables that are growing deep in the soil of the field
As shown in FIG. 7, the roots w of the soil grow well on the soil layer G1 that has been plowed softly.
Since the soil layer G2 which is confined to the lower part of 1 does not grow so much, as shown in FIG. 8, the soil of the soft crop soil layer G1 around the root W of the root vegetables is dug up and the root W of the root vegetables W It has become clear that if you expose the upper half of the above, grab the exposed upper half and pull up strongly, you will be able to pull out completely.

Therefore, from this fact, when excavating the soil on the upper layer side around the root W of root vegetables with the excavator T, as shown in FIG. Pressing it around and holding the upper half side of the root W of root vegetables with the soil, when lifting the soil in that state, the upper half side of the root W of the root vegetables held by the soil is As shown in Fig. 10, by being pulled up together with the soil G3 that is being lifted, the lower half side of the root W of the root vegetables is pulled up from the soil layer G2 that has been tightened, and the root W of the root vegetables becomes soil. When the excavator T / T is removed and the soil G3 is returned to the old position when the excavator T / T is removed, as shown in FIG. 11, Root w growing in soil layer G1 and soil layer G2 below There root portion W of root vegetables in a state where fastening is no longer almost been cut for the field of soil, come in a state of up float half from the field of soil. Then, in this state, if the neck of the root W of the root vegetables that has floated on the surface of the field is grasped and pulled up, the root W of the root vegetables can be easily
The result is that the root crops can be easily harvested.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a means for achieving the above object, first, on the left and right sides of the root portion W of root vegetables cultivated in the field, the upper layer side corresponding to the upper half side of the root portion W. As shown in FIG. 9, the soil of the part is held from the left and right sides together with the root portion W of the root vegetable to a depth enough to reach the compacted soil layer G2 which continues below the soft soil layer G1. As shown in FIG. 10, the root portion W of the root vegetable is moved by the soil G3 which is moved upward as a result of the movement.
Perform the process of holding and holding the soil and moving it upward, then returning the soil G3 moved upward to the state shown in FIG. 11 to the old state, and then performing the process of pulling out from the field scene of root vegetables. Therefore, the method of harvesting root vegetables is proposed.

[Examples] Next, an example of the implementation of the method of the present invention using a tractor and a harvesting device attached thereto will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are a plan view and a side view of an apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention. In the figure, a indicated by a chain line is a tractor, and b is a rear part of the body of the tractor a. A connecting device, c, is a root vegetable harvesting device connected and attached to the rear of the tractor a via the connecting device b.

The tractor a is an ordinary four-wheeled tractor and has a lift arm 10 which is lifted and lowered by a hydraulic device at the rear of the machine body.

The connecting device b includes a top link 20 and left and right lower links 21 that are rotatably connected to the rear of the body of the tractor a.
An ordinary three-point hitch type coupling device consisting of 21 and a lower link 21 of which is connected to a lift arm 10 provided at the rear part of the body of the tractor a, and is mounted on the body of the tractor a. By operating the lift arm 10 by a hydraulic device that is operated by the above, it is possible to freely move up and down.

The root vegetable harvesting device c includes a machine frame 3 (mast) formed so as to be supported by a connecting device b mounted on the rear part of the body of the tractor a, and left and right support plates attached to both left and right ends thereof. 4 and 4 and left and right lift plates 5.5 attached to the lower ends of the support plates 4.

As shown in FIG. 2, the supporting plates 4 and 4 are provided with a blade portion 40 on the front edge side to form a vertically long cutting blade shape, and the upper end portion thereof is formed on the left and right sides of the machine frame 3. By being fixedly connected to both side parts, a pair of left and right sides are opposed to each other as shown in FIG. 1 and are suspended from the machine frame 3 as shown in FIG. The lift plate 5 is mounted on each of the lower end portions of the left and right support plates 4 so as to extend rearward therefrom. The raised plate 5 is provided with a blade portion 50 at the front end edge thereof, and is formed in a straight plate shape in which a long guide surface 5a is formed behind the blade portion 50 and is continuous to the front and rear. In the state of being installed in the vehicle, a pair of left and right faces are provided at a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. The distance d between the left and right lifting plates 5, 5
As shown in FIG. 3, the width is set to be slightly wider than the width of the roots W of the root vegetables cultivated in the field.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the left and right lifting plates 5 and 5 have guide surfaces 5a and 5a which are continuous with the blade portion 50 of the lifting plate 5 in an inverted eight shape in a front view. The distance d on the lower side facing each other is narrowed, and further, the guide surface 5a is installed so as to gradually rise rearward as shown in FIG. 2 in a side view. .

The illustrated embodiment is an apparatus configured for burdock digging, and the vertical length of the pair of support plates 4, 4 on the left and right sides of the cutting blade is such that the portion acting in the soil is About 30
The distance d between the raised plates 5 facing each other on the left and right is about 20 cm, but it is appropriately set according to the type of the root vegetables to be targeted. In addition, this interval width d supports the lift plates 5 and 5 to the machine frame 3 so as to be movable left and right and adjustable,
In some cases, the expansion and contraction can be adjusted. Also, the lift plate 5
The inclination angle θ of the guide surfaces 5a and 5a of No. 5 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to about 60 degrees.

The two raising plates 5 and 5 facing each other on the left and right sides are
This is for holding the soil from the left and right and for guiding it to move backward while moving it upward. When the shape in a front view is a semi-circular shape, the guide surfaces 5a and 5a facing each other on the left and right sides are also provided. There is a case where the interval width d of is gradually narrowed toward the rear.

Further, in the illustrated apparatus, 6 and 6 are the respective raising plates 5.
5 is a rod-shaped root vegetable lead tool provided so as to extend rearward from the rear end of 5, and acts to hold the root vegetable without holding the soil.

Next, the process of the method of the present invention performed using the above-mentioned device c will be described.

First of all, the above-mentioned device c is arranged so as to be opposed to the left and right of the device c in a pair so as to be located on both left and right sides of the ordinance of the root W of the root vegetables to be harvested, and the soil in that state. As shown in FIG. 2, the lifting plates 5 and 5 are made to act inside, so that they advance to the side of the root W of the root vegetables, at a depth position intermediate between the vertical length of the root. To

Then, the blade portions 50, 50 at the front edges of the left and right raised plates 5, 5 facing each other in the shape of an inverted eight in front view are cut, and the blade portions 50, which face each other in the shape of an inverted eight, are cut. The soil G located inside 50 is a guide surface 5a that is continuous with the blades 50, 50.
.A pair of guide surfaces 5a and 5a placed on the right and left sides of the guide surface 5a
In the state of being held from below, it gradually moves up while moving backward, and as shown in FIG.
4 and 5 are simultaneously lifted up while forming a space Y below the back surfaces 5b and 5b opposite to the guiding surfaces 5a and 5a, and at the same time this soil G holds the roots W of root vegetables ... As you can see, it will be pulled upwards. As a result, the first step of the method of the present invention, the left and right sides of the root W of root vegetables cultivated in the field, soil G3 of the upper layer side portion corresponding to the upper half side of the root, The root W of the root vegetables is moved up and down from the left and right until the soil reaches a tight soil layer that continues below the soil layer, and the root of the root vegetables is held by the soil moved upward. The process of holding and moving upward is performed.

Then, the lifted soil G reaches the rear end of the raised plate 5, 5 and falls rearward from the guide surfaces 5a, 5a of the plate 5, 5 so as to fill the space Y and fall downward, It is returned to its old state position. As a result, the second step of the method of the present invention, that is, the step of returning the soil moved upward to the old state is performed.

Next, the root W of the root vegetables of the cultivation regulations in the above state ...
By pulling the neck part of it and pulling it up sequentially from the end, the third step of the method of the present invention is to pull out the root vegetables from the field scene, and to perform the step of harvesting root vegetables. , Finish the harvest.

The above-mentioned root W of root vegetables ...
Is held in the soil on both the left and right sides of the root vegetable and is moved upward together with the soil, thereby loosening the engagement between the peripheral surface of the root portion W of the root vegetable and the soil. It can be easily performed, and at this time, the root W of the root vegetables is not cut off from the middle.

When the rod-shaped root vegetable lead tools 6 and 6 described above are provided at the rear ends of the left and right lift plates 5 and 5, the root portion W of the root vegetables is held by the root vegetable lead tools 6 and 6 from the left and right. Since the soil G drops downward in the state, the root W of the root vegetables has a state in which the neck is projected above the soil surface as shown in FIG. 6, and the soil of the root W of the root vegetables is soiled. The withdrawal process from inside will be made easier.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the method for harvesting root vegetables according to the method of the present invention, first, on the left and right sides of the root portion of the root vegetables, the soil layer is tightened to the bottom of the soft soil layer. Up to the depth of reaching, move the soil of the upper layer side corresponding to the upper half side of the root part of the root vegetables, move it upward while holding it from the left and right with the root part of the root vegetable, and move the soil by the soil It is said that the roots of the roots are held and moved upwards, the lower half side of the roots is pulled out from the lower soil, then the soil moved upwards is returned to the old, and then the root vegetables are pulled out from the field scene. Since root vegetables are harvested according to the process, the substantial power required is the expansion of the upper layer side of the soil on the side of the root of the root vegetable that corresponds to the upper half side of the root of the root vegetable. It is only enough to move the soil of the soft soil layer upwards, and Since the soil on the lower side of the root, which is tightly tightened, where the lower half of the root is growing does not need to be moved, a small amount of power is required and the root vegetables can be harvested efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus used for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a vertical section of a field when the same apparatus is in a working state, and FIG. 3 is a main part of the apparatus when being in a working state. A front view showing a vertical section of a field, FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are explanatory views of the action, and FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 show the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of a method. Explanation of Drawing Codes a …… Tractor, b …… Coupling device c …… Harvesting device for root vegetables, d …… Interval width T …… Excavator, W …… Root of root vegetables w …… Roots, G …… Soil G1 …… Soil layer, G2 …… Tightened soil G3 …… Dug soil, Y …… Space 10 …… Lift arm, 20 …… Top link 21 …… Lower link, 3 …… Machine frame (mast) ) 4 ... Support plate, 40 ... Blade part 5 ... Raised plate, 5a ... Guide surface 5b ... Back surface, 50 ... Blade part 6 ... Root vegetable lead tool

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiaki Urashima 1219 Yanoguchi, Inagi City, Tokyo Inside Kawabe Agricultural Research Co., Ltd. (56) References: Showa 54-43713 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A root of a root vegetable that is cultivated in a field, on both left and right sides of the root of the root vegetable, to a depth that reaches a confined soil layer that continues below a puffy soil layer. Move the soil of the upper layer side corresponding to the half side upward as a state of holding it from the left and right with the root of the root vegetable, move it upward by holding the root of the root vegetable with the soil to move upward, Pull out the lower half of the root from the lower layer, then
A method for harvesting root vegetables, characterized in that the root soil is harvested by returning the soil that has been moved upwards to the old state, and then pulling out the root vegetables from the field scene.