JPH0628670B2 - Chucking device for dental root canal treatment tool holder - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to dental appliances. More particularly, the present invention relates to tool holders for coupling files, reamers, and other root canal treatment tools to vibrating handpieces for cutting root canal tissue, enlarging or treating root canals. The invention particularly relates to a chucking device for such a tool holder.

[Prior Art] A root canal treatment tool such as a dental file or a reamer is used for cutting a root canal tissue, expanding a root canal, and performing other root canal procedures.

In the initial stage of root canal treatment, in order to perform cutting efficiently,
Such a root canal treatment tool is connected to a vibrating handpiece that generates vibrations by electricity or compressed air, and the tool is driven by mechanical vibration.

In the final stage of the root canal treatment, that is, in the finishing stage, precise work is required, so the dentist performs the treatment while directly pinching the file etc. with his finger and rotating the file etc. with his finger. For this reason, it is general that a thick knob portion made of synthetic resin is provided above the root canal treatment tool such as a file.

A tool holder is used to connect a dental tool, such as a file, to a vibrating handpiece. A file or the like is chucked at the tip of the holder, and the rear end of the holder is screwed to the vibrating handpiece.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-30052 discloses an example of such a tool holder. The chucking mechanism of this holder includes a holder tip portion divided by a slot, a taper surface formed on the tip portion, a male screw portion provided near the tip portion, and a female screw engaging with the male screw portion. A cap nut is formed, and a tapered surface is formed inside the cap nut. Insert the file in the longitudinal passage of the holder,
If you tighten the cap nut, the file will be chucked.

The difficulty of the holder of Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-30052 is that a dental file having a knob portion of synthetic resin cannot be chucked due to the small diameter of the longitudinal passage of the holder. This kind of dental file is the most popular and is used by most dentists, and in order to chuck this kind of file, the knob of synthetic resin must be cut and removed beforehand. It was an obstacle to rapid dental treatment. Further, since the file from which the knob portion is removed cannot be pinched with a finger, it cannot be used by hand at the final stage of the root canal treatment.

The chucking device disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-143055 solves the above-mentioned problems. A chuck member has a large-diameter cavity with an opening at the top, and a synthetic resin knob of a commercially available file is used. It can be easily accommodated. The chuck member is composed of a hollow cylindrical body portion and a tapered tip portion divided by slits. A male screw is formed on the outer periphery of the body, and a male screw of the chuck member is screwed into a female screw formed on the head of the holder. By inserting a commercially available dental file into the cavity of the chuck member from above and tightening the chuck member with a hand or a wrench, the shank portion of the file is chucked.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In root canal treatment, the diameter of the shank is 0.5 to 1.
Other types of files in the 2 mm range are used, allowing the dentist to choose the file with the optimum diameter depending on the progress of the procedure,
Must be attached to the file holder.

However, the problem with the chucking device of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-143055 is that the taper tip of the chuck member is not sufficiently flexible and the amount of contraction in the radial direction is small. For this reason, it is difficult to reliably chuck all types of files with different shank diameters, and in the case of poor chucking, the vibration of the vibrating handpiece is not reliably transmitted to the file and cutting efficiency is reduced. There was a fear.

Therefore, in order to reliably chuck other types of files having different shank diameters, it is necessary to prepare different chuck members according to the shank diameter. Further, in the case of forcibly chucking with one chuck member, it is necessary to strongly tighten the chuck member with a wrench or the like, which causes inconvenience that the chuck member is damaged or the file exchange is troublesome. .

An object of the present invention is to provide a chucking device capable of reliably chucking other kinds of root canal treatment tools having different shank diameters.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a root canal treatment tool holder provided with such a chucking device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a root canal treatment tool holder capable of reliably chucking a root canal treatment tool having a different shank diameter with a small force or a hand without using a wrench. is there.

[Summary of Means and Actions for Solving Problems] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the radial displacement of the jaw portion at the tip of the chuck member and to translate the jaw portion inward in the radial direction. planned. For this reason,
The chuck member's screw feed function and chucking function are separated, and the screw feed function is provided by a separate nut member,
The chucking function is provided by a chuck member independent of the nut member. In the present invention, the chuck member is composed of a tubular body portion and a jaw portion integrated with the body portion. In order to further increase the flexibility of the chuck member, it is preferable to extend the slot to the body.

Since the body of the chuck member does not have a threaded portion, the body can be thinned, and the flexibility of the chuck member is enhanced. As a result, when the nut member is tightened, the jaw portion easily translates in the centripetal direction and contracts, securely chucking the shank portion of the dental file.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dental tool holder 10 has a screw connecting portion 14 that can be connected to the dental vibrating handpiece 12, a shaft portion 16, and a head 18. A pair of flat surfaces 20 is formed on the shaft portion 16 for engaging a wrench or the like when the holder 10 is screwed onto the handpiece 12. The holder 10 of the present invention can be used in any of an electric ultrasonic vibrating handpiece, an air-driven vibrating handpiece, and other types of vibrating handpieces.

A chucking device 24 for chucking a dental root canal treatment tool such as a dental file 22 is arranged on the head 18 of the holder 10. A cleaning water passage 26 is provided in the holder 10 in order to supply the cleaning water to clean the tissue cutting pieces or cool the tool and the tooth during the root canal treatment. Connected. Air or mist may be supplied from the cleaning water passage 26 in addition to the cleaning water, or a passage for supplying air or mist may be separately provided.

In the illustrated embodiment, the head 18 of the holder 10 is partially spherical and has an indentation 30 in its upper surface. An internal thread 32 is provided on the inner circumference of the recess 30. Hollow 3
0, a conical truncated conical hole defining a tapered support surface 34 is formed in the head 18, and the conical hole is opened to the lower surface of the head 18 through an opening 36. The axis of the support surface 34 is coaxial with the axis of the head 18.

The chucking device 24 has a nut member 38 having a substantially cylindrical shape. A male screw 40 that is screwed into the female screw 32 of the head 18 is formed in the lower portion of the nut member 38, and by rotating the nut member 38, the nut member 38 is displaced in the axial direction with respect to the head 18. There is. As shown in FIG. 4, if the head of the nut member 38 is processed into a square,
The nut member can be easily turned by hand or a wrench can be engaged. When the nut member 38 is screwed onto the head 18, they define a cavity 42.

The chuck member 44 of the chucking device 24 is arranged in the cavity 42. As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the chuck member 44 includes a cylindrical body 46 and a tip 48. The tip portion 48 has an axial through hole defining an inner cylindrical chucking surface 52 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the shank portion 50 of the dental file 22 to be chucked, and a tapered outer surface. 54
And are formed. In the illustrated embodiment, the tip 48 has four jaws 58 with two orthogonal slots 56.
Is divided into As best seen in FIG. 2, these slots 56 extend to near the upper end of the barrel 46. The flexibility of the chuck member 44 can be further increased by forming the notch 60 in the body portion 46, which has a size considerably larger than the width of the slot 56 and communicates with the slot 56.

The body portion 46 of the chuck member 44 has a size sufficient to accommodate the synthetic resin knob portion 62 of the commercially available dental file 22.

When chucking the file 22 or other dental root canal treatment tool, the tool is inserted into the chuck member 44, and the knob portion 62 is seated on the bottom of the body portion 46. Next, the chuck member 44 is fitted to the head 18 of the holder 10 together with the tool, and the tapered outer surface 5 of the chuck member 44 is attached.
4 is engaged with the tapered support surface 34 of the head 18. By covering the nut member 38 with the screws 32 and 40 and rotating the nut member with a hand or a wrench, as the nut member 38 is screwed into the head 18, the chuck member 44 is rotated.
As the jaws 58 are propelled axially downward,
The tool shank 50 is squeezed inward in the radial direction while sliding along, and the shank portion 50 of the tool is tightened.

The lower half of the body 46 of the chuck member 44 and the tip 48 are divided into four parts by two deep slots 56, and these divided parts are not interconnected except for the upper end of the body 46. Therefore, the tip portion 48 has the head supporting surface 34
The lower half of the barrel 46 can easily flex radially inward as it enters along. As a result, even when chucking a file having a shank portion of a small diameter, the jaw 58 is translated inward in the radial direction,
The chucking surface 52 of the jaw 58 can be brought into close contact with the outer periphery of the shank portion 50 over the entire axial length thereof, and the file can be chucked exactly and surely.

It is preferable that the thickness of the body portion 46 of the chuck member 44 be as thin as possible within the limit that it does not irreversibly buckle when an axial pressure is applied.

In the above description, the case of chucking the dental file 22 of the type having the knob portion 62 made of synthetic resin has been described. However, in addition to this type of file, files of the type without engine knobs, such as engine files and U files, which do not have a synthetic resin knob are also commercially available today, and the chucking device of the present invention is such a dental device. Needless to say, it can also be applied to files for use. Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the head 18 of the holder is provided with the female screw and the nut member 38 is provided with the male screw, but the reverse may be applied.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION (a) In the chucking device 24 of the dental tool holder 10, the present invention provides a nut member 3 having a screw feed mechanism.
8 and the chuck member 44 having a chucking function are separated, and the jaw 58 of the chuck member 44 is attached to the nut member 38.
Since it is configured to be supported by a tubular body portion 46 that is separate from
It is possible to reduce the wall thickness of the body portion 46. As a result, the flexibility of the entire chuck member 44 is significantly increased, and even when a file having a shank portion having a small diameter is chucked, the chucking surface 52 of the jaw 58 is in close contact with the outer periphery of the shank portion 50 over the entire axial length thereof. Therefore, it is possible to reliably perform chucking. Therefore, a single chuck member 44 can handle various files having different shank diameters that need to be used in the same root canal treatment, and the efficiency of the root canal treatment can be significantly improved. .

On the other hand, when the chuck member is provided with the screw portion as in the chucking device of JP-A-61-143055, it is necessary to secure the wall thickness of the body portion, so that the rigidity of the chuck member is reduced. Larger, limiting radial displacement of the jaws.

(B) According to the present invention, since the chuck member is improved in flexibility, the file can be securely chucked by simply rotating the nut member 38 with a small force. Therefore, a wrench can be used for exchanging files. It is not absolutely necessary and enables rapid root canal treatment.

(C) When the slit 56 of the chuck member is extended to the body portion 46 or the notch 60 is further provided, the flexibility of the chuck member is further improved. When the notches 60 are circular and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the body portion 46, the displacement amounts of the respective jaws can be made uniform.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway side view showing a dental root canal treatment tool holder of the present invention connected to a vibrating dental handpiece; FIG. 2 shows a chuck member of a chucking device, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the chuck member; FIG. 4 is a top view of the nut member. 10: Dental root canal treatment tool holder, 18: Holder head, 22: Dental file, 24: Chucking device, 34: Head supporting surface, 38: Nut member, 44: Chuck member, 46: Chuck member Trunk, 48: tip of chuck member, 50: shank of dental file, 58: jaw of chuck member.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A holder (10) for holding a dental root canal treatment tool, wherein the holder comprises a connecting part (14) connectable to a dental vibrating handpiece (12), and the connecting part. And a chucking device (24) arranged on the head and for chucking a root canal treatment tool, the chucking device (24) comprising: A nut member (38) reciprocally and separably threadedly engaged with the head to cooperate with the head to define a common internal cavity (42); and a nut member threaded into the internal cavity And an independent chuck member (44) for chucking the shank portion (50) of the root canal treatment tool, the head (18) tapering outwardly coaxially with the head axis. Becomes tapered Lifting surface (34), provided with an opening (36) aligned with said support surface, said chuck member (44), said support surface of the head (3
4) a tip portion (48) having a tapered outer surface (54) and a chucking surface (52) divided into a plurality of jaws (58) by at least one diametrical slot (56). And a cylindrical body portion (4) having an inner diameter substantially larger than the outer diameter of the shank portion and integrally formed with the tip portion.
6), and the dental root canal treatment tool holder characterized by including these. 2. Dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot (56) of the chuck member extends to near the free end of the tubular body (46) of the chuck member. Root canal treatment tool holder. 3. A notch (60) communicating with the slot (56) near the free end of the tubular body of the chuck member.
The dental root canal treatment tool holder according to claim 2, further comprising: 4. The tubular body (46) of the chuck member is
The dentistry according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a thickness that allows elastic deformation without substantially buckling when an axial pressure is applied. Root canal treatment tool holder. 5. A chucking device for chucking a tool having a shank portion, said chucking device (24) defining one common internal cavity (42) and retractable and separable from each other. A first member (18) and a second member (38) that are screwed together, and an independent chuck that is disposed in the internal cavity and chucks the tool shank portion according to the screwing of the first member and the second member. Members (44), wherein the first member (18) has a tapered support surface (3) that tapers outwardly coaxially with the axis of the chucking device.
4) and an opening (36) aligned with the support surface, the chuck member (44) having a tapered outer surface (54) cooperating with the support surface (34) of the first member. A tip portion (48) having a chucking surface (52) divided into a plurality of jaws (58) by at least one diametrical slot (56), and having an inner diameter substantially larger than the shank outer diameter. Cylindrical body part (4
6), and a chucking device comprising: