JPH0629527B2 - Lubricator for vertical axis engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is directed to a vertical axis type engine in which a crankshaft is arranged in a vertically extending posture, and in particular, a lubricating device used for such an engine is provided. Intended.

(Prior Art) In a vertical axis type engine, since a crank web and a crank pin rotate in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis, it is not possible to adopt a splash type lubrication method like a horizontal axis type engine.

Therefore, in the conventional vertical-axis engine, a structure in which an oil slinger is connected to a crank shaft via a gear or a structure in which an oil pump is connected to a cam shaft, as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-150921, is adopted. ing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above-described conventional structure cannot be adopted in an engine having no gear on the crankshaft or an engine having no camshaft.

Further, since the oil slinger and the oil pump are mechanisms independent of the crankshaft and are provided at positions distant from the crankshaft, using such a mechanism increases the weight of the entire engine and also increases the manufacturing cost. Further, the oil passage structure from the oil pump connected to the cam shaft to the lubricated location such as the connecting rod connecting portion may be complicated.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a vertical axis engine lubricating device of the present invention has a crank web 17 and a position eccentric from the crank shaft center at the upper end of a vertically extending crank shaft 1. A crank pin 19 projecting upward from the upper surface of the crank web is integrally provided, and a position immediately below the crank web of the crank shaft 1 and a portion near the lower end are supported by an upper bearing 5 and a lower bearing 40 provided in the crank case 2, An oil sump 8 surrounding the crankshaft 1 is provided in the crankcase 2 below the bearing 5, and communicates with the bottom of the oil sump 8 and rotates in a bottomed cylindrical recess 42 provided on the inner surface of the crankcase 2. An oil pump 10 including a blade 11 is provided on the crankshaft 1, and the annular blade 11 is a tubular portion 30 press-fitted and fixed to the crankshaft 1, and the tubular portion. An outward flange-shaped blade portion 31 which is continuous with the upper end of 30 and is divided into a plurality of radial slits 32, and a bent portion 31a which descends in the counter-rotation direction of the latter half of the rotation direction of each blade portion 31 are integrated. In preparation for this, a discharge port 12 is provided on the inner surface of the crankcase below the oil pump 10, and a first horizontal oil passage 13 having a diameter which communicates with the discharge port 12 is provided in the crankshaft 1 and the first horizontal oil. A vertical oil passage 14 having a lower end communicating with the passage 13 and extending upward, and a second horizontal oil passage 29 connecting the vertical oil passage 14 and the inner surface of the upper bearing 5 are provided.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the oil sump 8 around the crankshaft 1
At the oil pump 10, the oil is pressurized by the oil pump 10, and the pressurized oil discharge port 12 is used to supply the oil to the supply passage 1 inside the crankshaft 1.
5 is supplied.

(Embodiment) In FIG. 1 which is a schematic vertical sectional view of a first embodiment, a crankshaft 1 is arranged in a vertical posture and is supported by a substantially cylindrical bearing portion 3 of a crankcase 2. An upper bearing 5 is interposed between the upper end of the bearing portion 3 and the crankshaft 1, and a seal 6 is interposed between the lower end of the bearing portion 3 and the crankshaft 1, and the bearing portion immediately above the seal 6 is interposed. The inner surface of 3 forms the lower bearing 40. A cam 7 is formed in the upper half of the crankshaft 1 (a portion near the lower side of the bearing 5). The cam 7 drives a push rod (not shown).

An oil sump 8 is formed around the cam 7. The oil in the oil sump 8 is accumulated, for example, to a level L below the bearing 5 and above an oil pump 10 described later, and the oil at the bottom of the oil sump 8 is stored in the oil pump 1.
It is designed to be pressurized by 0. Oil pump 1
0 is located adjacent to the lower side of the cam 7, and the oil sump 8
And a bottom open cylindrical recess 42 provided on the inner surface of the crankcase 2 (bearing portion 3) so as to surround the annular blade 11 and to be connected to the crankshaft 1. ing. The discharge port 12 of the oil pump 10 is located directly below the annular blade 11,
It is formed by a recess on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing portion 3. The lower bearing 40 below the discharge port 12 of the bearing portion 3 and the crankshaft 1 are fitted in a close contact state.

A supply passage 15 that communicates with the discharge port 12 is provided inside the crankshaft 1, and the supply passage 15 penetrates the crankshaft 1 in the diametrical direction and is connected to the discharge port 12 through a first horizontal oil passage 13.
And a vertical oil passage 14 that extends upward from the first horizontal oil passage 13 in the central portion of the crankshaft 1. Vertical oil passage 1
The outlet 16 at the upper end of 4 is opened at the upper end surface of the crank web 17.

In the illustrated first embodiment, only one crank web 17 is integrally provided on the upper end of the crankshaft 1 protruding upward from the bearing 5 and extends in the horizontal direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1). A crank pin 19 integrally projects upward from the upper surface of the left end of the crank web 17. A large end portion of a connecting rod 20 is connected to the crank pin 19. A guide plate 21 is fixed to the upper end of the crank pin 19. The guide plate 21 is substantially horizontal and extends from above the crank pin 19 to above the vertical main body of the crank shaft 1, and communicates with the recess 22 that opens downward on the lower surface for collecting oil and to the recess 22. An oil guide groove 23 that opens downward is provided. The recess 22 is located directly above the outlet 16, and oil is jetted from the outlet 16 toward the recess 22 as described later. Guide groove 2
3 extends from the recess 22 to a portion slightly beyond the outer peripheral surface 19a farthest from the crankshaft center line B of the crankpin 19, and the oil reaching the recess 22 flows through the guide groove 23 by the centrifugal force and reaches the crankpin 19a. To reach the outer peripheral surface 19a.

A nozzle cup 25 is attached to the outlet 16 to eject oil from the outlet 16. Nozzle cup 25
Has an orifice 26 (nozzle hole) facing upward, and a notch 17 provided on the upper end surface of the crank web 17.
It is fitted and fixed to a.

In addition to the above-described first horizontal oil passage 13 and vertical oil passage 14, the crankshaft 1 and the crank web 17 are provided with a second horizontal oil passage 29 and an inclined oil passage 28 that communicate with the vertical oil passage 14. The inclined oil passage 28 extends from a portion near the outlet 16 of the vertical oil passage 14 to the crank web 17 and the crank pin 1 integrated with the crankshaft 1.
It extends obliquely inside 9 and opens to the outer peripheral surface 19 a of the crankpin 19. The second horizontal oil passage 29 extends radially outward (to the right in FIG. 1) from the oil passage 14 to the outer peripheral surface portion 1a of the crankshaft 1 that contacts the inner surface of the bearing 5.
In the embodiment shown in the first illustration, the bearing 5 is a bush, so it is essential to utilize the second horizontal oil passage 29 to lubricate the bearing 5, but when the bearing 5 is a needle bearing,
The same second horizontal oil passage 29 can be used.

The annular blade 11 is constructed as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is a view taken along the line III-III in FIG. As is apparent from these figures, the annular blade 11 is formed by bending a plate material, and has a tubular portion 30 fitted and fixed to the crankshaft 1 and an outer radial direction from the upper end of the tubular portion 30. And a flange-shaped blade portion 31 protruding in a direction. The blade portion 31 is divided into, for example, four arc-shaped portions by the radial slits 32 shown in FIG. Each arcuate portion is diagonally downward so as to descend in the counter-rotational direction (reverse A direction) over the latter half of the rotational direction indicated by arrow A, for example, about half the section on the reverse A side in the circumferential direction. When the annular blade 11 is bent in the direction of arrow A in the direction of arrow A, the bent portion 31a pushes the oil to the lower discharge port 12 (FIG. 1).

According to the above structure, the rotation of the crankshaft 1 causes the annular blade 11 to discharge the oil in the oil sump 8 to the discharge port 12. This oil flows from the discharge port 12 to the first horizontal oil passage 13,
It reaches the outlet 16 through the vertical oil passage 14, jets out from the orifice 26 toward the recess 22 of the guide plate 21, and directly reaches the recess 22 within an angle range where it is not obstructed by the connecting rod 20 as shown in FIG. 20
The oil that has collided with is splashed by the connecting rod 20 and scattered by centrifugal force to form a mist, which is supplied to the crank pin 19 directly or through the recess 22. The oil that has reached the recess 22 flows through the guide groove 23 by the action of centrifugal force and reaches the outer periphery of the crank pin 19, and lubricates the sliding surface between the crank pin 19 and the connecting rod 20. Further, a part of the oil that has collided with the connecting rod 20 is scattered to the surroundings by the centrifugal force, and lubricates the cylinder inner peripheral surface (not shown), the small end portion of the connecting rod 20, and the like. Further, a part of the oil in the vertical oil passage 14 is pressurized by the centrifugal force in the second horizontal oil passage 29 to lubricate the sliding surface between the outer peripheral surface portion 1a of the crankshaft 1 and the bearing 5.
A part of the oil flows through the inclined oil passage 28 due to the action of the centrifugal force to directly reach the outer circumference of the crankpin 19, and lubricates the sliding surface between the crankpin 19 and the connecting rod 20.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the oil pump 10 is arranged between the crankshaft 1 and the crankcase bearing portion 3 and driven by the crankshaft 1. Therefore, the structure of the entire engine It is possible to simplify and reduce the weight. Although the above description of the embodiment was made with the most effective engine having no camshaft, cantilevered crankshaft,
Of course, the present invention can be applied to an engine having a gear on the crankshaft 1 and a general engine having a camshaft.

Further, the oil passage structure can be simplified, and particularly by providing the supply passage 15 inside the crankshaft 1, the oil passage structure can be remarkably simplified. Also for the oil pump 10, the crankshaft 1
By constructing the oil pump 10 by fixing the oil pressure annular blade 11 to the oil pump 10, the structure can be remarkably simplified.

Further, in the present invention, the oil pump 10 has the tubular portion 30 of the annular blade 11 press-fitted and fixed to the crankshaft 1, and the annular blade 11 is disposed in the bottomed cylindrical recess 42 of the oil sump 8. To communicate with the bottom of the oil sump 8,
Since only the discharge port 12 is provided on the lower side, the number of machining steps for the crankshaft 1 is reduced and the axial length is kept short compared to the case where a male screw of a screw pump is formed on the crankshaft 1. be able to. Further, the annular blade 11 is easily press-molded and can be manufactured at low cost. Since the annular blade 11 is provided with the bent portion 31a, it is possible to efficiently increase the pressure of the discharge port 12 below the recess 42 when rotating in the direction of arrow A. When the annular blade 11 is worn, it can be easily replaced with a new one, and it is easy to attach annular blades of different capacities and sizes.

(Other Embodiments) As described above, in the present invention, since the supply passage 15 is provided in the crankshaft 1, various outlet side oil passages and various guide mechanisms can be used. When embodied, the following oil passage structure is actually adopted.

In the second embodiment of FIG. 4, the outlet 16 at the upper end of the vertical oil passage 14 is closed by the plug 44, and only the inclined oil passage 28 is used as the oil passage near the outlet 16. Information board 2
1 may be omitted and a simpler retainer (not shown) for the connecting rod 20 may be provided.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the inclined oil passage 28 shown in FIG. 1 is eliminated. The oil ejected upward from the orifice 26 is splashed off by the connecting rod 20, and a part thereof is guided by the guide groove 23 to lubricate the crank pin 19.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the inclined oil passage 28 and the orifice 26 shown in FIG. 1 are omitted, and the vertical oil passage 14 has an outlet 16 at the upper end opened without an orifice. The oil overflowing from the outlet 16 is scattered by the centrifugal force and lubricates the crankpin 19 and the like as described above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the first embodiment, and FIG.
II-II sectional partial view, FIG. 3 is a view on arrow III-III of FIG. 2,
FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are schematic vertical sectional views of the second, third, and fourth embodiments, respectively. 1 ... Crank shaft, 2 ... Crank case, 3 ... Bearing part, 8 ... Oil sump, 10 ... Oil pump, 11 ...
… Annular blade, 12 …… Discharge port, 15 …… Supply path, 1
6 …… Exit, 20 …… Connecting rod, 21 ……
Guide plate, 22 ... Recessed portion, 23 ... Oil guide groove, 26 ...
... orifice.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A crank web 17 at the upper end of a vertically extending crank shaft 1, and a crank pin 19 protruding upward from the upper surface of the crank web at a position eccentric from the center of the crank shaft.
Are integrally provided, and a position immediately below the crank web of the crank shaft 1 and a portion near the lower end are supported by an upper bearing 5 and a lower bearing 40 provided in the crank case 2, and the crank shaft is supported by the crank case 2 below the upper bearing 5. 1 is provided with an oil sump 8 surrounding the oil sump 1, and an oil pump 10 comprising an annular blade 11 communicating with the bottom of the oil sump 8 and rotating in a bottomed cylindrical recess 42 provided on the inner surface of the crankcase 2 is mounted on the crankshaft 1 Provided on the crankshaft 1
A tubular portion 30 that is press-fitted and fixed to the tubular portion 30, an outward flange-shaped blade portion 31 that is continuous with the upper end of the tubular portion 30 and is divided into a plurality of radial slits 32, and a second half portion in the rotational direction of each blade portion 31. Is integrally provided with a bent portion 31a that descends in the counter-rotational direction, the discharge port 12 is provided on the inner surface of the crankcase below the oil pump 10, and the diameter communicating with the discharge port 12 is provided in the crankshaft 1. First on
A horizontal oil passage 13, a vertical oil passage 14 having a lower end communicating with the first horizontal oil passage 13 and extending upward, and a second horizontal oil passage 29 connecting the vertical oil passage 14 and the inner surface of the upper bearing 5 are provided. A vertical axis type engine lubrication device characterized in that