JPH0630775B2 - Sewage purification device with contact material for microorganisms - Google Patents
Sewage purification device with contact material for microorganismsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0630775B2 JPH0630775B2 JP62188050A JP18805087A JPH0630775B2 JP H0630775 B2 JPH0630775 B2 JP H0630775B2 JP 62188050 A JP62188050 A JP 62188050A JP 18805087 A JP18805087 A JP 18805087A JP H0630775 B2 JPH0630775 B2 JP H0630775B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- contact material
- microbial
- adhered
- bed
- microorganisms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000015429 Mirabilis expansa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000294411 Mirabilis expansa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013536 miso Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019685 rice crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は微生物固着接触材による汚水浄化装置に関し、
特に、連続気孔を有するポーラスなセラミックス素材よ
り成る微生物固着床に対して空気を均一に分散させて供
給することにより好気性環境を保つことができ、かつ、
供給空気量を減少した微生物固着接触材による汚水浄化
装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a sewage purification apparatus using a microorganism-adhering contact material,
In particular, it is possible to maintain an aerobic environment by uniformly dispersing and supplying air to a microorganism-fixed bed made of a porous ceramic material having continuous pores, and,
The present invention relates to a sewage purification device using a microorganism-fixing contact material with a reduced amount of supplied air.
従来、汚水浄化法において、標準活性汚泥法から接触酸
化法に移行している傾向にあり、その中で幾多の技術が
実施されて来ている。そのとき浄化に供される微生物の
繁殖度合いは、接触材の表面積に略比例することは、衆
知の事実である。Conventionally, in the sewage purification method, there is a tendency that the standard activated sludge method is shifting to the catalytic oxidation method, and many techniques have been implemented therein. It is a well-known fact that the degree of propagation of microorganisms used for purification at that time is approximately proportional to the surface area of the contact material.
従来の微生物を固着させる接触材の大部分が合成樹脂で
成形されたものであり、樹脂自身通気性はなく、且つ平
滑な表面であって、成形の過程で波形やハニカム及びヒ
モ状にしていた。これらは、目詰りの弊害を防止するた
めの技術指導基準に基づいて設計するならば、表面積を
最大限200m2/m3しかとることが出来なかった。また、文
献や公的機関が技術指導する接触材としての材質の中に
ポーラスなセラミックスは認知されていなかった。Most of the conventional contact materials for fixing microorganisms are made of synthetic resin, and the resin itself has no air permeability and has a smooth surface, and in the process of molding, it was formed into a corrugated shape, a honeycomb shape, or a string shape. . If these were designed based on the technical guidance standards for preventing the negative effects of clogging, they could only take a maximum surface area of 200 m 2 / m 3 . In addition, porous ceramics have not been recognized among the materials as the contact materials that are technically instructed by the literature and public institutions.
これらが有する能力をBOD容積負荷で示すならば、設計
基準値は0.2〜0.8kg/m3・日であり、一般には、0.3kg/m
3・日で運転されており、微生物の増殖度合いは、接触
材の表面積に略比例すると云った定説からするならば、
これは従来技術の限界を意味する。この限界の数値で設
計される汚水浄化施設は、莫大なる設置面積を必要と
し、経済面に強い圧迫がかかっていた。このように、従
来技術は頭打ち状態であり、革命に近い企画を必要とし
ていた。このため、数年前より粋石やプラスチック製素
材に替るものとしてポーラスなセラミックス素材が着目
されている。The design standard value is 0.2 to 0.8 kg / m 3・ day, and generally 0.3 kg / m
It is operated for 3 days, and from the established theory that the growth rate of microorganisms is approximately proportional to the surface area of the contact material,
This represents a limitation of the prior art. The wastewater purification facility designed with this limit value requires a huge installation area, and has exerted strong economic pressure. As described above, the conventional technology is in a state of reaching a ceiling and requires a project close to a revolution. For this reason, porous ceramic materials have been attracting attention as an alternative to smart stone and plastic materials for several years.
水処理を生物化学的手法により行うに当たり、浄化に関
与する微生物の単位容積当たり（１m3）の数量と種類と
によって浄化速度に相違がでてくる。ポーラスなセラミ
ックス素材には、種類の異なった莫大な数の微生物が繁
殖固着して共存共栄を営み、世代交換を継続して繁殖す
ることが研究発表されており、今日においては衆知の事
実となっている。When water treatment is performed by a biochemical method, the purification rate differs depending on the quantity and type of microorganisms involved in purification per unit volume (1 m 3 ). It has been reported that a huge number of different types of microorganisms breed and adhere to porous ceramic materials to coexist and co-prosper, and continue to breed for generations. ing.
当初、ポーラスなセラミックス素材(2.5センチメ-トルの立方
体形状）だけのバラ充填を行った。ところが、ポーラス
なセラミックス素材相互の接触となり、供給空気（酸
素）の分散が思うようにできず、ポーラスなセラミック
ス素材は黒色化し嫌気性化するために、必要以上の空気
供給量が補給されねばならないことが判明した。以後、
過去２年間、実際の廃水処理装置（３m3／ｈｒ）の運転
を試みた結果、２日間で嫌気性化し、黒変して硫化水素
を発生した。同時に装置の改造を試みたが、好結果が得
られず、最終的にはポーラスなセラミックス素材事態の
相互空隙を保って保持する着想となり、その必要性と方
法の考案に迫られた。この理由はポーラスなセラミック
ス素材には種類の異なった莫大な数の微生物が繁殖、固
着するため、容器内の溶存酸素と菌体との接触が必要で
あるためであり、ポーラスなセラミックス素材が相互に
接触している場合、廃水通過が妨げられることになる。
このため、ポーラスなセラミックス素材の接触点より酸
素不足で腐敗が生じるという不都合があった。Initially, only the porous ceramic material (cubic shape of 2.5 cm) was filled individually. However, since the porous ceramic materials come into contact with each other and the supply air (oxygen) cannot be distributed as expected, the porous ceramic material becomes black and becomes anaerobic, so more air must be supplied than necessary. It has been found. After that,
As a result of trying operation of an actual wastewater treatment device (3 m 3 / hr) for the past 2 years, it turned anaerobic in 2 days and turned black and generated hydrogen sulfide. At the same time, we tried to remodel the device, but we could not get good results, and finally we got the idea of keeping the mutual voids of the porous ceramic material situation, and we had to devise the necessity and method. The reason for this is that a huge number of different types of microorganisms propagate and adhere to the porous ceramics material, and it is necessary to contact the dissolved oxygen in the container with the bacterial cells. If in contact with, the passage of wastewater will be impeded.
Therefore, there is an inconvenience that decomposition occurs due to lack of oxygen from the contact point of the porous ceramic material.
本発明より前に、球形の保持体を設計したが、廃水処理
接触酸化槽に充填したとき、以下の欠点が生じることが
判明した。Prior to the present invention, a spherical support was designed, but it was found that the following drawbacks occur when filled in a wastewater treatment catalytic oxidation tank.
ポーラスなセラミックス素材の形状を直径2.5センチメ-トル長
さ12.0センチメ-トルとし、これを球形の保持体に充填し、空
隙を保ち空気の分散を良くしたが、廃水処理接触酸化槽
への用に供するとき、球形の接触材は充填の簡便さには
優れた効果を見出したが、ランダムな充填をなさざるを
得ず、例えば、１立方米の接触酸化槽へ充填するとき、
計算上では125個の接触材ができるとするとき、ランダ
ム投入及び球形の不安定さから、平均107個の充填とな
り、125個−107個＝18個の誤差が生まれ、計算上の充填
率に対して、14.4％が不確定要素となる欠点があった。
又、現在、他の研究機関によるポーラスなセラミックス
素材を利用する接触法を見ると、嫌気性処理法を主体と
しているものが殆どであり、これは嫌気性法で最初、高
BODを分解させる一つの方法であり、否定するものでは
ないが、本質的には、バラ充填による嫌気性化となるこ
との抜本的対策がなされていないことと、接触材とし
て、間隙支持体およびその接触材形状の研究が未だ進展
していないことを物語るもので、嫌気性を選んだもので
なく、必然的に嫌気性となったと解釈されるものであ
る。嫌気性菌の作用は35℃で30日間の長時間を要するの
が常識である。The porous ceramic material had a diameter of 2.5 cm and a length of 12.0 cm, and it was filled in a spherical holder to improve the air dispersion by maintaining voids, but it was used for a wastewater treatment catalytic oxidation tank. When serving, the spherical contact material was found to have an excellent effect on the ease of filling, but random filling is unavoidable. For example, when filling a 1 cubic rice catalytic oxidation tank,
Assuming that 125 contact materials are produced in the calculation, random filling and instability of the sphere will result in an average of 107 fillings, resulting in an error of 125-107 = 18 pieces, resulting in a filling rate in the calculation. On the other hand, there was a drawback that 14.4% was an uncertain factor.
At present, looking at contact methods using porous ceramic materials by other research institutes, most of them are mainly anaerobic treatment methods.
Although this is one method of decomposing BOD and is not denied, it is essentially that no drastic countermeasures against anaerobicization due to bulk filling have been taken and that as a contact material, a gap support and This indicates that the research on the shape of the contact material has not progressed yet, and it is interpreted that it became inevitably anaerobic rather than anaerobic one. It is common knowledge that the action of anaerobic bacteria requires a long time of 30 days at 35 ° C.
本発明の目的は、ポーラスなセラミックス素材を含めて
接触酸化槽全体に対し好気性環境を保持して、ポーラス
なセラミックス素材を微生物固着の接触材として形成
し、微生物反応器（バイオリアクタ）として機能させた
汚水浄化装置を提供することにある。The object of the present invention is to maintain an aerobic environment for the entire catalytic oxidation tank including the porous ceramics material, to form the porous ceramics material as a contact material for fixing microorganisms, and to function as a microbial reactor (bioreactor). The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sewage purification device.
本発明では、ポーラスなセラミックス素材を含めて接触
酸化槽全体に対し好気性環境を保持して、ポーラスなセ
ラミックス素材を微生物固着の接触材として形成し、微
生物反応器（バイオリアクタ）として機能させた汚水浄
化装置を達成するため、以下の条件を前提として構成し
た。In the present invention, the aerobic environment is maintained for the entire catalytic oxidation tank including the porous ceramic material, and the porous ceramic material is formed as a contact material for fixing microorganisms to function as a microbial reactor (bioreactor). In order to achieve a sewage purification system, the following conditions were presupposed.
(1)間隙支持体によりポーラスなセラミックス素材を支
持する。間隙支持体を支持する枠の体積に対して、ポー
ラスなセラミックス素材の体積比（充填率）は15％以下
であること。(1) The porous ceramic material is supported by the gap support. The volume ratio (filling ratio) of the porous ceramic material to the volume of the frame that supports the gap support must be 15% or less.
(2)ポーラスなセラミックス素材の相互の間隔が３セン
チメートル以上隔たっていること。(2) The distance between the porous ceramic materials is 3 cm or more.
(3)間隔支持体並びに枠で形成する接触材の形状は充填
部に対して、理路整然と整列配置充填が出来る構造とす
る。(3) The shape of the contact material formed by the spacing support and the frame is such that the filling portion can be arranged and filled in an orderly manner.
(4)隣接する間隙支持体並びに接触材として、デッドス
ペースを生じないようにし、間隙支持体並びに枠の形状
は充填部に対する充填率が100％に近くなるようにす
る。同時に、ポーラスなセラミックス素材の充填可能体
積の増加を計る。(4) As a space support and a contact material that are adjacent to each other, a dead space is not generated, and the shape of the space support and the frame is such that the filling rate to the filling portion is close to 100%. At the same time, we plan to increase the fillable volume of porous ceramic materials.
(5)水槽内下方より接触材に対し、所定の酸素を供給す
ること。(5) Supply predetermined oxygen to the contact material from below in the water tank.
即ち、本発明の微生物固着接触材による汚水浄化装置は
以下の手段を備えている。That is, the sewage purification apparatus using the microorganism-fixing contact material of the present invention comprises the following means.
(1)水槽 予め微生物固着接触材を設置した水槽に汚水入口より汚
水を取り込み、浄化処理を行う。浄化処理された処理水
は処理水出口より排出される。(1) Water tank Take in the sewage from the sewage inlet into the water tank where the microorganism-fixing contact material is installed in advance and perform the purification treatment. The purified treated water is discharged from the treated water outlet.
(2)微生物固着床 ポーラスなセラミックスは主成分を酸化シリカとし、ア
ルミナと鉄分は微生物の繁殖に適さないためできるだけ
含有量が少ないものがよく、同時に連続気孔でなくては
ならない。汚水浄化における接触酸化法の微生物群の大
きさは１ミクロン前後が最も多い。従って、ポーラスな
セラミックスは２ミクロン程度に調整製造する。これら
の製造技術はすでに確立されたものであり、接触材とす
るときの必須条件は満足されている。連続気孔を有した
ポーラスなセラミックスであるため、微生物群はポーラ
スなセラミックスの中へ棲むことができ、安定した増殖
を営むことができる。原生動物等はミリ単位であるため
ポーラスなセラミックスの表面に付着し、凹凸面である
ことから安定付着する。これらは、ポーラスなセラミッ
クスの内部、外部において微生物群の固着状態を形成す
ることになり、大量培養を達成できる。(2) Microbe-immobilized bed Porous ceramics contain silica oxide as the main component, and alumina and iron are not suitable for the growth of microorganisms, so the content should be as small as possible, and at the same time it should be continuous pores. The size of microorganisms in the catalytic oxidation method for purification of sewage is around 1 micron. Therefore, porous ceramics are manufactured by adjusting to about 2 microns. These manufacturing techniques have already been established, and the essential conditions for using them as contact materials are satisfied. Since it is a porous ceramic having continuous pores, the microorganism group can live in the porous ceramic and can stably grow. Protozoa are attached to the surface of porous ceramics because they are in millimeter units, and are stable because they are uneven surfaces. These form a fixed state of microbial groups inside and outside the porous ceramics, and large-scale culture can be achieved.
(3)間隙支持体 微生物固着床を板状、棒状、線状等で所定の間隙を有す
るように規則的な配列（例えば、千鳥状の配列）にし、
直方体、立方体等の形状の枠で支持することにより微生
物固着接触材が形成される。所定の間隙を有する微生物
固着床の配列は、微生物固着接触材の空隙率が８５％以
上になるようにする。この千鳥状に配列されたポーラス
なセラミックス素材の規則的な配列は、空気供給装置よ
り発生する気泡を下段より順に上方向へ流すことがで
き、気泡を必ず上段のポーラスなセラミックス素材に接
触させることができるので、気泡は分散化し、拡散す
る。(3) Gap support The microbial-immobilized bed is arranged in a regular array (for example, in a staggered array) so as to have a predetermined gap in a plate shape, a rod shape, a linear shape, etc.
The microorganism-fixing contact material is formed by supporting it with a frame having a shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube. The arrangement of the microbial fixed bed having a predetermined gap is such that the porosity of the microbial fixed contact material is 85% or more. The regular arrangement of the staggered porous ceramic materials allows air bubbles generated by the air supply device to flow upward from the lower stage in order, and the bubbles must be in contact with the upper porous ceramic material. As a result, the bubbles are dispersed and diffuse.
(4)空気（酸素）供給装置 水槽内の好気性環境を保つためには空気（酸素）供給が
必要である。従って、水槽内の下方に散気管を設置し
て、微生物固着接触材に対して空気を供給することによ
って、ポーラスなセラミックスに付着した微生物群は安
定した繁殖を営むことができる。即ち、水槽内の嫌気性
化を防ぐことができる。(4) Air (oxygen) supply device Air (oxygen) supply is necessary to maintain the aerobic environment in the water tank. Therefore, by installing an air diffusing tube in the lower part of the water tank and supplying air to the microbial adhered contact material, the microbial groups attached to the porous ceramics can stably propagate. That is, anaerobicization in the water tank can be prevented.
予め微生物固着接触材を設置した水槽に汚水入口より汚
水を取り込み、所定の浄化処理を行なう。この際、水槽
内下方に設けられた空気供給装置より接触材に対して所
定の酸素を供給しており、微生物固着床の規則的な配列
に基づいて供給空気を均一に分散させ好気性環境を保持
している。浄化処理された処理水は処理水出口より排出
され、次段の沈澱槽より溢れ出る。Sewage is taken in from the sewage inlet into a water tank in which the microorganism-fixing contact material is installed in advance, and a predetermined purification treatment is performed. At this time, a predetermined oxygen is supplied to the contact material from the air supply device provided in the lower part of the water tank, and the supply air is uniformly dispersed based on the regular arrangement of the microorganism-fixed bed to create an aerobic environment. keeping. The purified treated water is discharged from the treated water outlet and overflows from the next settling tank.
立方体、直方体等の形状の枠から成り、所定の間隙を有
するように微生物固着床を支持する、間隙支持体の構成
に基づいて、好気性環境が保持されるため、後に実施例
に述べるごとく、ＢＯＤ容積負荷を４０倍以上、接触滞
留時間を１／４以下にすることができる。Cube, consisting of a frame in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, which supports the microorganism-fixed bed so as to have a predetermined gap, based on the structure of the gap support, because an aerobic environment is maintained, as described later in Examples, The BOD volume load can be 40 times or more, and the contact residence time can be 1/4 or less.
以下、本発明の微生物固着接触材による汚水浄化装置を
詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the sewage purification apparatus using the microorganism-fixing contact material of the present invention will be described in detail.
第１図(a)、(b)は本発明の一実施例を示し、１は汚水を
貯水する水槽、２は微生物固着床を千鳥状に整列配置し
た微生物固着接触材、６は汚水を取り込む汚水入口、７
は汚泥（微生物の死骸）を沈澱させる沈澱槽、８は浄化
した処理水を排出する処理水出口である。９は散気口で
ある。1 (a) and 1 (b) show an embodiment of the present invention, 1 is a tank for storing sewage, 2 is a microbial fixation contact material in which microbial fixation beds are arranged in a staggered arrangement, and 6 is sewage intake. Sewage inlet, 7
Is a settling tank for settling sludge (corpses of microorganisms), and 8 is a treated water outlet for discharging purified treated water. 9 is an air diffuser.
第２図は微生物固着接触材を示し、３はポーラスなセラ
ミックス素材より成り、微生物の大量培養を行なう微生
物固着床、４は微生物固着床３の所定の間隙を有して板
状、棒状、線状等で支持する間隙支持体、５は間隙支持
体４を支持する直方体状の枠である。FIG. 2 shows a microbial fixation contact material, 3 is a porous ceramic material, and is a microbial fixation bed for culturing a large amount of microorganisms. The gap supports 5 that support the gap support 4 are rectangular parallelepiped frames that support the gap support 4.
以上の実施例において、 実験機を設計するために、次の様な設計基準値を設定し
た。In the above examples, the following design reference values were set in order to design the experimental machine.
１．間隙支持体４の外枠５の外形寸法に基づく接触材２
の容積Ｓに対するポーラスなセラミックス３の体積Ｃの
比、即ち、充填率を12.27％とする。1. Contact material 2 based on the outer dimensions of the outer frame 5 of the gap support 4
The ratio of the volume C of the porous ceramics 3 to the volume S of, that is, the filling rate is 12.27%.
Ｃ／Ｓ＝０．１２２７ 即ち、接触材の空隙率85％以上とする。C / S = 0.1227 That is, the porosity of the contact material is 85% or more.
２．水槽１の有効容積Ｖに対するポーラスなセラミック
ス３の体積Ｃの比、即ち、充填率を8.3％とする。2. The ratio of the volume C of the porous ceramics 3 to the effective volume V of the water tank 1, that is, the filling rate is 8.3%.
Ｃ／Ｖ＝０．０８３ ３．水槽１の有効容積Ｖに対する接触材２の容積Ｓの
比、即ち、充填率を67.6％とする。C / V = 0.083 3. The ratio of the volume S of the contact material 2 to the effective volume V of the water tank 1, that is, the filling rate is 67.6%.
Ｓ／Ｖ＝０．６７６ ４．接触材２の容積Ｓ＝0.02m3とし、これを原単位とし
た。即ち、接触材２の外形寸法は、 ２０センチメートル×２０センチメートル×５０センチメートル（長）＝０．０
２m3 である。S / V = 0.676 4. The volume S of the contact material 2 was 0.02 m 3, and this was used as the basic unit. That is, the external dimensions of the contact material 2 are 20 cm × 20 cm × 50 cm (length) = 0.0
It is 2m 3 .
５．ポーラスなセラミックス３を34本0.02m3の接触材２
の中に3.5センチメートルの間隔をもって均等に配列し
た。5. 34 porous ceramics 3 0.02m 3 contact material 2
They were evenly arranged in the room with a gap of 3.5 cm.
この設定により、微生物の反応器としての基本的に設計
が可能となり、特に、0.02m3の接触材の中に34本の規格
寸法のポーラスなセラミックス３を収納して、0.02m3を
原単位としたことは、微生物菌体の算定において、接触
材２が占める容積に対するポーラスなセラミックス３の
数量が判然とすることから、設計計算を容易にする特徴
をもつ。This configuration allows basically designed as a reactor of microorganisms, in particular, by housing a porous ceramic 3 of 34 pieces of standardized dimensions in contact materials of 0.02 m 3, a 0.02 m 3 per unit That is, in the calculation of the microbial cells, the number of the porous ceramics 3 with respect to the volume occupied by the contact material 2 is clear, and thus the design calculation is facilitated.
従来、活性汚泥法において、処理能力の一つを表現する
とき接触槽内の汚泥菌量、即ち、MLSSで行ってきた。ML
SSは沈澱汚泥量を示すが、本発明によるポーラスなセラ
ミックスでは微生物、即ち、従来の汚泥菌はポーラスな
セラミックスに固着するため、MLSSで表現することが出
来ない。ポーラスなセラミックスに固着する汚泥菌量の
表現は、文献にも記録されておらず、汚泥菌量の目安は
自らで決定しなければならなかった。これをFXMLSSと称
し、１m3の接触材２の容積内に83000gのバクテリヤが固
着していると設定した。Conventionally, in the activated sludge method, when expressing one of the treatment capacities, the amount of sludge bacteria in the contact tank, that is, MLSS has been used. ML
SS indicates the amount of settled sludge, but in the porous ceramics according to the present invention, microorganisms, that is, conventional sludge bacteria, adhere to the porous ceramics and cannot be expressed in MLSS. The expression of the amount of sludge bacteria adhering to the porous ceramics was not recorded in the literature, and the guideline for the amount of sludge bacteria had to be determined by oneself. This was called FXMLSS, and it was set that 83000 g of bacteria were fixed in the volume of the contact material 2 of 1 m 3 .
これらを基に実験機の製作を行った結果、優秀な成績で
あった。その一例を示せば、以下の通りである。原水
（汚水）は畜産屠場解体廃水（高タンパク系、脂肪、ヘ
モグロビンの混合汚水）である。As a result of making an experimental machine based on these, it was an excellent result. An example of this is as follows. Raw water (sewage) is livestock slaughterhouse wastewater (mixed wastewater of high protein, fat, and hemoglobin).
原水BOD分析値 940ppm 第一槽分析値 230ppm(75.5 ％） 第二槽分析値 180ppm 第三槽分析値 130ppm(86.17％） 接触滞留時間は合計で6.6時間であった。Raw water BOD analysis value 940ppm First tank analysis value 230ppm (75.5%) Second tank analysis value 180ppm Third tank analysis value 130ppm (86.17%) The contact residence time was 6.6 hours in total.
接触時間6.6時間でBOD除去率86.17％は従来法の接触時
間で表わせば略30時間以上となる。When the contact time is 6.6 hours, the BOD removal rate of 86.17% is about 30 hours or more when expressed by the contact time of the conventional method.
又、BOD容積負荷を算出すれば、この条件下で14kg/m3・
日であった。Also, if the BOD volume load is calculated, under this condition, 14 kg / m 3 ·
It was a day.
更に、第一槽で接触時間2.2時間のときBOD除去率が75.5
％となった要因は、設定したFXMLSS 83000gにあり、そ
の設定値を裏づけるものである。これらのデータからフ
ァクター化を行う必要があり、順を追って実施してゆか
ねばならない。Furthermore, the BOD removal rate was 75.5 when the contact time was 2.2 hours in the first tank.
The factor that became% is in the set FXMLSS 83000g, which supports the set value. It is necessary to convert these data into factors, which must be carried out step by step.
従来法と単純に比較するならば、BOD容積負荷で0.3kg/m
3・日が14kg/m3・日で46倍、MLSS 5000ppmの通常運転が
FXMLSS 83000ppmで16倍、接触滞留時間30時間が6.6時間
で1/4.5となり、供給空気量が約1/4に減少した。A simple comparison with the conventional method, 0.3 kg / m at BOD volume load
3 times / day is 14 kg / m 3 / day 46 times, MLSS 5000ppm normal operation
FXMLSS 83000ppm, 16 times, contact residence time 30 hours became 1 / 4.5 at 6.6 hours, the supply air amount was reduced to about 1/4.
尚、本発明は、有機廃水（汚水）の面で説明を加えてき
たが、汚水浄化の面に用途を限定するものではない。Although the present invention has been described in terms of organic wastewater (sewage), its application is not limited to the purification of wastewater.
又、C/V比、C/S比、S/V比についても固定するものでな
く、グレード及び濃度などの関係で変動し得るものであ
る。微生物の反応を応用する技術は日進月歩であり、本
発明の反応装置は、液相に対して広く応用できるもので
あり、石油化学プラントの工程にも応用しても良い。Also, the C / V ratio, C / S ratio, and S / V ratio are not fixed, but may change depending on the grade and concentration. The technology of applying the reaction of microorganisms is advancing day by day, and the reaction apparatus of the present invention can be widely applied to the liquid phase, and may be applied to the process of petrochemical plants.
過去数年、ポーラスなセラミックスが微生物の坦体とし
て有効であるとの説は衆知の事実化しつつあったが、特
に医薬品、食品関係における酵素の応用分野に限られて
いる。その分野では、菌の大きさから云えば、オングス
トローム（Å）の単位であって、本発明によるミクロン
（μ）のバクテリアの分野で汚水を対象とした実施は初
めてであり、特に文献も存在しない。In the past few years, the theory that porous ceramics are effective as a carrier for microorganisms has been becoming a fact of public knowledge, but it is limited to the application fields of enzymes particularly in the fields of pharmaceuticals and foods. In the field, in terms of the size of the bacterium, it is a unit of angstrom (Å), and it is the first time to carry out sewage in the field of micron (μ) bacteria according to the present invention, and there is no particular literature. .
又、汚水を対象とするとき、水質は千変万化であり、有
機廃水のグレード化を計り、例えば、炭化水素系、デン
プン系、脂肪系、タンパク系と区分し、且つ又、濃度に
より細分化した設計ファクターを完成し適用してゆかね
ばならない。本発明を従来非常に困難とされてきた有機
廃水に適用すれば多大な効果を挙げるであろう。つま
り、ミソ・ショウ油、漬物などの醗酵製造工場、煮豆、
豆腐、魚肉練製品工場の高タンパク系、酒造洗米、せん
べい工場の高デンプン系廃水などに、短時間で精度の高
い安定性のある経済的な施設を安価に供給できる。又、
下水道など200ppm程度の低いBOD廃水には、83000g-バク
テリア/m3のFXMLSSが能力を発揮し、例えば、都市集落
雑排水108m/hr流入水に対して７secの接触時間でBOD55p
pmからBOD20ppmまで除去出来ており、短時間処理が可能
になる。更に、予測したことではあるが、従来の活性汚
泥法における糸状菌の大量発生浮上流出のバルキング現
象が防止できることが実証された。糸状菌は消化力は高
いが、浮遊する上、塊状となり浮上流出する問題があっ
たが、ポーラスなセラミックスの使用により、ポーラス
内へ棲むため、その問題を解決することができる。その
ため、既設の施設に対して改造を施すことが可能にな
り、メンテナンスに特殊な技能を要し、一度発生したバ
ルキングに対しては多大な労力を必要とした従来の方法
に較べ、格段の進歩である。In addition, when targeting sewage, the quality of water is changing, and organic wastewater is graded. For example, it is divided into hydrocarbon type, starch type, fat type, protein type, and is also designed by subdividing by concentration. You have to complete and apply the factor. If the present invention is applied to organic wastewater, which has hitherto been considered extremely difficult, a great effect will be obtained. In other words, fermented factories such as miso and show oil, pickles, boiled beans,
Economical facilities with high accuracy and stability can be supplied at low cost in a short period of time for tofu, high-protein-based wastewater from fish meat products, brewing rice, and high-starch-based wastewater from rice crackers. or,
For BOD wastewater with a low level of about 200 ppm such as sewer, 83000 g-bacteria / m 3 of FXMLSS is effective. For example, BOD55p with a contact time of 7 seconds for influent water of 108 m / hr
It is possible to remove from pm to BOD 20ppm, enabling short-time processing. Furthermore, as predicted, it was demonstrated that the bulking phenomenon of the filamentous fungus, which occurs in the conventional activated sludge method, can be prevented. Although the filamentous fungus has a high digestive power, it has a problem that it floats and then it becomes a lump and floats and flows out. However, the use of porous ceramics makes it possible to solve the problem because it lives in the porous body. Therefore, it becomes possible to modify existing facilities, requires special skills for maintenance, and is much more advanced than conventional methods that required a great deal of effort for bulking once it occurred. Is.
第１図(a)、(b)は本発明の一実施例を示し、(a)は汚水浄
化装置の平面図、(b)は(a)におけるＸ−Ｘの断面図、第
２図は本発明の微生物固着接触材を示す説明図。 符号の説明 １……水槽、２……微生物固着接触材 ３……微生物固着床、４……間隙支持体 ５……枠、６……汚水入口 ７……沈澱槽、８……処理水出口、９……散気口1 (a) and 1 (b) show an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view of a sewage purification apparatus, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX in (a), and FIG. 2 is Explanatory drawing which shows the microorganism fixing contact material of this invention. Explanation of symbols 1 ... Water tank, 2 ... Contact material for fixing microorganisms 3 ... Bed for fixing microorganisms, 4 ... Gap support 5 ... Frame, 6 ... Sewage inlet 7 ... Sedimentation tank, 8 ... Treated water outlet , 9 ... Aeration port
Claims (1)
化処理した後処理水を排出する処理水出口とを有した水
槽と、前記汚水を接触酸化法によって浄化する、微生物
固着床を備えた微生物固着接触材と、前記水槽内で前記
微生物固着床に対して空気を供給する空気供給装置とを
有する、微生物固着接触材による汚水浄化装置におい
て、 前記微生物固着接触材が備える前記微生物固着床は、規
則的に配置できる形状を有する、連続気孔を有したポー
ラスなセラミックス素材より成り、前記ポーラスなセラ
ミックス素材の表面および内部に微生物を固着したもの
であり、 前記微生物固着接触材は、前記微生物固着床を、所定の
間隙を有するように支持する、立方体、直方体等の形状
の枠から成る間隙支持体を備え、 前記微生物固着床は前記間隙支持体により、前記微生物
固着接触材の空隙率が８５％以上になるように支持さ
れ、 前記微生物固着接触材の前記水槽の有効容積に対する充
填率が６７％以上であることを特徴とする、微生物固着
接触材による汚水浄化装置。1. A water tank having a wastewater inlet for taking in organic wastewater-based wastewater, a treated water outlet for discharging post-treatment water after purification treatment, and a microorganism-fixed bed for purifying the wastewater by a catalytic oxidation method. A microbial adhered contact material, and an air supply device for supplying air to the microbial adhered bed in the water tank, in a sewage purification apparatus by a microbial adhered contact material, the microbial adhered bed provided with the microbial adhered contact material, , Which has a shape that can be regularly arranged, is made of a porous ceramic material having continuous pores, and has microorganisms adhered to the surface and the inside of the porous ceramic material. The bed is provided with a gap support that supports the bed so as to have a predetermined gap, and comprises a frame having a shape of a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like. The support is supported by the support so that the porosity of the microorganism-fixing contact material is 85% or more, and the filling rate of the microorganism-fixing contact material with respect to the effective volume of the water tank is 67% or more. Sewage purification device with fixed contact material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62188050A JPH0630775B2 (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1987-07-28 | Sewage purification device with contact material for microorganisms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62188050A JPH0630775B2 (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1987-07-28 | Sewage purification device with contact material for microorganisms |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6430697A JPS6430697A (en) | 1989-02-01 |
| JPH0630775B2 true JPH0630775B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
Family
ID=16216807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62188050A Expired - Fee Related JPH0630775B2 (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1987-07-28 | Sewage purification device with contact material for microorganisms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0630775B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL308989A1 (en) * | 1995-06-08 | 1996-12-09 | B Donald E Prazmowski | Biological bed |
| JP6532718B2 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2019-06-19 | 株式会社クボタ | Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5433335Y2 (en) * | 1974-05-14 | 1979-10-15 | ||
| JPS574387A (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1982-01-09 | Koyo Kensetsu Kogyo Kk | Butt welding method for bottom plate of storage tank |
| JPS61230787A (en) * | 1985-04-04 | 1986-10-15 | Fuiruton Internatl Kk | Contact type waste water treatment apparatus |
-
1987
- 1987-07-28 JP JP62188050A patent/JPH0630775B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6430697A (en) | 1989-02-01 |
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