JPH063307B2 - Steam generator - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steam generator mainly used in a space station under zero gravity, a spacecraft and the like.

(Prior Art) A CO ₂ removal device is installed in a space station, a spacecraft, or the like that operates under zero gravity. This CO ₂ removal device guides air containing CO ₂ into the adsorption tank of the CO ₂ removal device, adsorbs CO ₂ on the adsorbent in the adsorption tank to separate air and CO ₂ , Is supplied to the adsorbent in the adsorption tank, CO ₂ adsorbed on the adsorbent is desorbed and collected, and steam is required to desorb CO ₂ .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When water is heated to generate water vapor, a vapor-liquid interface is formed due to a difference in specific gravity under weightlessness, and water vapor generated in water is not easily separated from water. Further, under weightlessness, even if the feed water is heated, since there is no heat convection, the generated steam stays near the heat transfer surface, and the heat transfer efficiency for water is reduced.

The present invention is proposed in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to easily separate water vapor generated in water from water. Also, the heat transfer efficiency for water supply can be improved.
Another object is to provide a steam generator that can reduce the size of the entire steam generator.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a steam generator of the present invention includes a porous material housed in a jacket and a heating device provided around the porous material in the jacket. A device, a water supply preheating passage formed around the heating device in the jacket and communicating with one end of the porous material, and a water supply pump that extends from the water supply pressure pump outside the jacket to the other end of the jacket. A water supply pipe communicating with the preheating passage and a steam outlet pipe extending from the other end of the porous material to the outside of the jacket are provided, and substantially the entire length of the water supply preheating passage is used as a water preheating portion, and one end of the porous material is provided. The part side is a water preheating part, the middle part is an evaporation part, and the other end is an overheating part.

(Operation) The steam generator of the present invention is configured as described above,
When water is introduced from the water tank to the water supply preheating passage of the steam generator (water supply preheating passage with the water preheating section being approximately the entire length of the steam generator) through the water supply pipe and the water supply pressure pump, and when passing through the water supply preheating passage , Preheat with a heating device. In addition, the water supplied from the water supply preheating passage is introduced into one end (water preheating part) of the porous material by the pressure from the water supply pressure pump, and permeates into the porous material, and the water supply moves due to the capillary action of the porous material. Preheating with a heating device while restraining it to some extent, and then introducing it to the intermediate part (evaporating part) of the porous material, heating it with a heating device while restraining the movement of the water supply, boiling, and vaporizing it as described above. To steam, and then introduce the steam into the other end (superheated part) of the porous material and heat it with a heating device while restraining the movement of the feed water in the same manner as described above to make superheated steam. Discharge to the steam outlet pipe with low pressure.

(Embodiment) The steam generator of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. (1) in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a jacket, and (2) is inside the jacket (1). The porous material (2) is made of ceramic, metal, heat-resistant plastic or the like which is insoluble and corrosion resistant to water. In addition, (3) is a heater (heating device) provided around the porous material (2), and (4) is formed around the heater (3) in the jacket (1) and the porous material is formed. Water supply preheating passage communicating with one end of (2), (5) is the water supply preheating passage from the water supply pressure pump (9) (see Fig. 4) outside the jacket (1)
The water supply pipe extending to (4), (6) the steam outlet pipe extending from the other end of the porous material (2) to the outside of the jacket (1), and (7) the heater (3) described above. The electric wire, (8), is a heat insulating material that covers the jacket (1). Further, (4a) in FIG. 3 is the water supply preheating passage (4).
The water preheating part corresponding to substantially the entire length of (2a) is the porous material (2)
Of water, which corresponds to the front part of the porous material, (2b) corresponds to the middle part of the porous material (2), and (2c) corresponds to the rear part of the porous material (2). . In addition, (9) in Fig. 4 is the water supply pipe.
A fixed quantity water supply pump provided in (5), an on-off valve (10) provided in the water supply pipe (5), a check valve (11) provided in the water supply pipe (5), (1
2) is a temperature detector provided in the steam outlet pipe (6), (13) is a controller, and (14) is the steam outlet pipe provided in the steam outlet pipe (6).
The on-off valve provided in (6) controls the controller (13) so that the steam outlet pipe (6) can reach the steam temperature required in the adsorption tank (see (24) (25) in Fig. 5) that consumes steam. ), The temperature of the superheated steam is added to the temperature of the steam that is radiated, and the heater (3) is set based on the control signal obtained by comparing the temperature detection signal from the temperature detector (12) with the set value. It controls the electric power or the feed water constant pressure pump (9) (water supply amount) to send the superheated steam at the set temperature to the adsorption tanks (24) and (25). Further, the check valve (11) prevents the reverse flow of water vapor when bumping or pressure rise due to overheating occurs. When water vapor is no longer needed, the on-off valve (10) is closed, the feed water constant pressure pump (9) is stopped, the power supply to the heater (3) is stopped, and the generation of water vapor is stopped. There is. Further, (35) in FIG. 5 is a water tank provided on the upstream side of the feed water constant pressure pump (9), (20) is an air introducing pipe containing CO ₂ , and (21) is the air introducing pipe (20). ), An air fan installed in (), an on-off valve (22) (23) installed in the air introduction pipe (20), (24)
Is the first adsorption tank, (25) is the second adsorption tank, (28) is the air outlet pipe,
(26) (27) is an on-off valve provided in the air outlet pipe (28), (29) is a cooler provided in the air outlet pipe (28), and (30) is an air outlet pipe (2).
8) water separator, (33) CO ₂ outlet pipe, (31) and (32) CO ₂ outlet pipe opening / closing valve (33), (34) CO ₂ outlet pipe (33) in CO ₂ fans provided), air fan (21) and the opening and closing valve from air containing CO ₂ air inlet pipe (20) (22)
Is introduced first adsorption tank via (23) (24) or the second adsorption tank to (25), CO ₂ in the air is adsorbed by the adsorbent (not shown), the air separation of the CO ₂ air outlet It is sent to the cooler (29) through the pipe (28), cooled there, and sent to the water separator (30), where air-water separation is performed, and the water is sent to the water tank (35). Air is released to the outside. On the other hand, the CO ₂ adsorbed by the adsorbent is transferred from the steam generators (1) to (4) to the steam outlet pipe.
CO ₂ desorbed by the steam sent to the first adsorption tank (24) or the second adsorption tank (25) via (6), and the desorbed CO ₂
It is recovered from (33) through the CO ₂ fan (34). The adsorption tank is not limited to two tanks.

Next, the operation of the steam generators (1) to (4) will be specifically described. Supply water from the water tank (35) through the water supply pipe (5) and the feed water pressure pump (9) to the water supply preheating passages (steam generators (1) to (4) for approximately the entire length of the steam generators (1) to (4)). The water is introduced into the water preheating passage (4), which is the water preheating section (4a), and is preheated by the heater (heating device) (3) when passing through the water preheating passage (4). In addition, the feed water that exits the feed water preheating passage (4) is fed with a constant feed pump (9).
The pressure from the end of the porous material (2) (water preheating part (2
a)) and permeate into the porous material (2) to form the porous material (2).
Pre-heating from the heater (3) while restraining the movement of the water supply to some extent by the capillary phenomenon of the above, and then introducing it to the middle part (evaporation part (2b)) of the porous material (2) and moving it in the same way as above. While restraining the heat from the heater (3), it is boiled and vaporized to form steam, and the steam is then converted into the other end (superheated part) of the porous material (2).
Introduced into (2c), heating from the heater (3) while restraining the movement of the water supply in the same manner as described above, into superheated steam, and introducing this superheated steam into the low-pressure steam outlet pipe (6), First adsorption tank
(24) or send to the second adsorption tank (25).

(Effects of the Invention) In the steam generator of the present invention, as described above, the water is supplied from the water tank through the water supply pipe and the water supply pressure pump to the feed water preheating passage of the steam generator (substantially the entire length of the steam generator is used as the water preheating unit. Preheat passage), when passing through the same water supply preheat passage,
Preheat with a heating device. In addition, the water supplied from the water supply preheating passage is introduced into one end (water preheating part) of the porous material by the pressure from the water supply pressure pump, and permeates into the porous material, and the water supply moves due to the capillary action of the porous material. Preheating with a heating device while restraining it to some extent, and then introducing it to the intermediate part (evaporating part) of the porous material, heating it with a heating device while restraining the movement of the water supply, boiling, and vaporizing it as described above. To steam, and then steam is the other end of the porous material (superheated part)
In the same manner as above, while restraining the movement of the feed water, it is heated by a heating device to turn it into superheated steam, and this superheated steam is led out into the steam outlet pipe with a low pressure. When steam is generated, the steam generated in water can be easily separated from water without forming a gas-liquid interface due to the difference in specific gravity.

Further, when the feed water is heated under zero gravity, the generated steam does not stay near the heat transfer surface, and the heat transfer efficiency for the feed water can be improved.

Further, since the heating device heats the feed water through the porous material having a very large inner surface area, there is an effect that the large-sized heat transfer member is not required and the entire steam generating device can be downsized.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and various design modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the steam generator is not only used under zero gravity, but can also be used as a solvent recovery device under gravity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of a steam generating apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a heating action explanatory view, and FIGS. It is a system diagram which shows a usage example. (1) ... jacket, (2) ... porous material, (2a) ... porous material (2)
One end (water preheating part), (2b) ... an intermediate part (evaporating part) of the porous material (2), (2c) ... the other end (superheating part) of the porous material (2),
(3) ... Heating device (heater), (4) ... Water supply preheating passage, (4a) ...
Water preheating section of the water supply preheating passage (4), (5) ... water supply pipe, (6) ... steam derivation pipe, (9) ... water supply pressure pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A porous material housed in a jacket, and a heating device provided around the porous material in the jacket,
A water supply preheating passage formed around the same heating device in the jacket and communicating with one end of the porous material, and from the water supply pressure pump outside the jacket to the other end of the jacket and extending to the water supply preheating passage. A water supply pipe communicating with the porous material, and a steam outlet pipe extending from the other end of the porous material to the outside of the jacket are provided, and substantially the entire length of the water supply preheating passage is used as a water preheating part, and one end side of the porous material is provided. A steam generating device characterized in that a water preheating section, an intermediate section is an evaporation section, and the other end is an overheating section.