JPH0633154B2 - Retractable crane - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a retractable crane,
The present invention relates to a multi-purpose retractable crane that enables four-point suspension in the case of containers and two-point suspension such as buckets and hooks. [0002] A retractable crane comprises a mast provided on a base, a main boom rotatably attached to a lower portion of the mast, a main boom rotatably attached to a tip of the main boom, and a suspended load. A top boom that supports the top boom, a tension boom that pulls the other end of the top boom toward the mat, and a hoisting device and a hoisting rope that are suspended by a hoisting rope that is wound around a sheave provided at the tip of the top boom It is equipped with a drum for hoisting, and a retracting device for pushing out and retracting the main boom. Such a retractable crane
For example, JP-A-54-67955 and JP-A-54-12
2551 and JP-A-55-35765. The hanging point from the rope to the hanger changes depending on the kind of the hanger. There are four hoisting points for hanging equipment for handling containers, two hoisting points for buckets and one for opening and closing buckets, and two for hooks. is there. Conventionally, when hanging a bucket or a hook,
As described in the above publication, all ropes are suspended from the sheave at the tip of the top boom. When the container is hung, the actual opening is 53-6.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 7261, a first link horizontally projected toward the tip side of the top boom is rotatably provided at the tip of the top boom, and the tip of the main boom or the tip of the tension boom is connected to the top boom. The portion protruding beyond the connecting point and the tip of the first link are connected by the second link, and the container hanger is suspended from the sheave at the tip of the top boom and the sheave at the tip of the link. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Since the retractable crane of Japanese Patent No. 261 has a first link and a second link for suspending a container, it is necessary to remove these two links when suspending a bucket or a hook. [0008] As described above, when changing the suspension, it is necessary to attach and detach the links and the like, and the replacement work is troublesome and it is a work at a high place, which is very dangerous. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily change the suspension method of the suspension. According to the present invention, there is provided a link rotatably provided on the tip side of the top boom, and the link is installed on the tip side of the link, and the link is provided below the top boom. Connected to the tip side of the link, and a third sheave capable of supporting at least one rope suspended from the first sheave installed on the tip side of the top boom when rotated to the side The link is rotated through a flexible member that is provided, and an operating device installed on the mast,
When all the ropes are suspended from the tip of the first sheave by the operation of the operation device, and when the top boom is in the vicinity of the minimum turning radius,
A stopper that comes into contact with the flexible member so as not to come into contact with the first sheave and that is installed on the lower surface of the top boom so as to project downward. It is a feature. When the operating device is operated, the link rotates via the flexible member. When the flexible member is pulled using the operating device, the link is pulled, and the link is located below the top boom. At this time, the third sheave installed on the link suspends at least one rope from the lower side of the top boom. When the flexible member is returned using the operating device,
The links return to the tip side of the top boom and all ropes hang vertically from the first sheave at the tip of the top boom. As described above, the hanging point can be easily changed by operating the operating device. When all the ropes are suspended from the first sheave in the vertical direction, and the stopper on the lower surface of the top boom comes into contact with the flexible member, for example, when the top boom is near the minimum turning radius, Preventing the flexible member from contacting the first sheave. The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a revolving structure mounted on a traveling structure 2 and revolving in a horizontal plane. The following device is mounted on the revolving structure 1. A main boom 5 is rotated by the retracting device 6. The retracting device 6 is attached to the mast 7. A top boom 8 is rotatably attached to the tip of the main boom 5. A tension boom 9 connects the rear end of the top boom 8 and the mast 7. Reference numeral 10 is a counterweight. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, a sheave 16, through which four ropes 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d pass, is provided at the side end of the mast 7, the rear end and the end of the top boom 8.
17, 18 and 19 are provided respectively. Sheave 16,
Each of 17, 18, and 19 consists of four sheaves. Rope 15a, 15d passing through the outer sheave 19a, 19d
Is wound around the drum 21. Inner sheave 1
The ropes 15b and 15c passing through 9b and 19c on the drum 22
I'm trying to wind it up. Reference numeral 25 is a sheave suspended from the tip of the top boom 8 by a link 26, and is operated by a rope 28 of a drum 27. The drum 27 constitutes an operating device for changing the hanging point. The rope 28 is stretched along the main boom 5 and has a sheave 29 at the tip of the main boom 5.
It is connected to the link 30 through. The link 30 is coaxially connected to the sheave 25. Each of the sheaves 25 and 29 includes two sheaves and is installed vertically below the ropes 15a and 15d. Each of the drums 21, 22, 27 can be operated independently. The drums 21 and 22 can be operated in synchronization. The structure around the sheave 25 at the tip of the top boom 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7, 11 and 12. In the following description, the sheaves 19a and 19b will be described, but the sheaves 19c and 19d have the same configuration in principle. A link 26 is rotatably installed coaxially with the sheave 19 at the tip of the top boom 8. A sheave 25 and a link 30 are rotatably installed at the tip of the link 26. The sheave 25 and the link 30 are coaxial. The rope 28 is connected to the tip of the link 30. As shown in FIG. 11A, the link 26 is attached to the shaft 31 on both sides of the sheave 15a with the sheave 15a as the center. The cross section of the link 26 is H-shaped. As shown in FIG. 12, the sheave 25 is located at the center of the link 26, and the links 30 are located on both sides of the link 26. The plate 36 is inserted into the recess of the shaft 35 so that the link 26
It is fixed to the shaft with a bolt 37 to prevent the shaft 35 from rotating and moving. The link 30 is composed of two plates, and the left and right two plates are fixed by bolts 41 via spacers to be integrated. A roller 43 capable of supporting the rope 15a is provided on the upper surface side of the link 26. The roller 43 does not come into contact with the rope 15a or the sheave 26 in a steady state,
Installed in close proximity. As shown in FIGS. 11C and 12, the length L of the shaft 44 supporting the roller 43 is sufficiently longer than the width 1 of the link 30. Further, the rollers 43 can enter the left and right plates of the link 30. At the connecting ends of the ropes 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d to the hanging tool, connecting fittings including, for example, a cotter and a socket are provided. 15f of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 has shown the part connected with the bracket of the suspension tool of the spreader 50 or the bucket 51 via the pin. For the sheave 52 for opening and closing the bucket 51 of FIG. 3 and the sheave 54 of the hook 53 of FIG.
Connected with 5. 15g has shown this connection part.
The connecting portion 15g is connected to the metal fittings of both ropes through pins. FIGS. 13 to 15 show the supporting means of the power feeding cable 60 to the spreader 50. As shown in FIG. 14, the basket 61 of the spreader 50 is provided below the side surface of the boom 8 on the sheave 15a side. The power supply cable 60 is suspended from the platform 63 by a metal fitting 62. 64 is a connector. Platform 6
3 is an employee's workplace, which is provided on the upper surface of the boom 8. 68 is a guide rail of the power supply cable 60,
It has a groove in a concave shape and the brackets 69,
It is attached with 0. The cargo handling work in such a configuration will be described. First, the ropes 15a and 15d are attached to the sheave 19
Suspend from a, 19d to sheaves 25a, 25b. In this case, the hole 48 of the link 26 as shown in FIG.
Then, the roller 43 is attached. The rope 28 is connected to the link 30. Rope 15b, 15c is sheave 19
Suspend from b, 19c. When the spreader 50 for a container is suspended, the rope 28 is wound up on the drum 27 and the ropes 15b and 15c are wound up on the drum 22 and pulled so that the spreader becomes horizontal. The drum 27 is fixed in that state. Since the sheave 25 is pulled by the rope 28, the ropes 15a and 15d are suspended substantially parallel to the ropes 15b and 15c, and the suspension point intervals for four-point suspension can be maintained. The height of the spreader 50 can be adjusted by operating the drums 21 and 22 in synchronization. The spreader 5 is operated by operating the retractor 6.
0 is moved almost horizontally. Since it is difficult to provide the sheave 29 at the center of rotation of the top boom 8, FIG.
As described above, when the rotation center 49 of the top boom 8 and the mounting position of the sheave 29 (provided on the top boom 8) are significantly different, the spreader 50 tilts if the length of the rope 28 is constant. The mounting position of the sheave 29 is determined so that the spread amount of the spreader 50 is not harmful. That is, the length of the main boom 5, the length of the top boom 8, the link 26
Of the sheave 29 to the extent that the inclination of the spreader 50 is not harmful to the reference of the length and the minimum turning radius and the maximum radius.
And the position of the drum 27 is determined. Alternatively, the length of the rope 28 is adjusted by operating the drum 27 or the like. Explaining this in a little more detail, in order to move the spreader 50 horizontally during four-point suspension,
As is clear from FIG. 1, FIG. 5, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, it is necessary that the inclination angle of the link 26 with respect to the horizontal plane be the same even if the hoisting angle of the main boom 5 changes. That is,
The inclination angle of the link 26 with respect to the top boom 8 must change in accordance with the change in the up-and-down angle of the main boom 5. As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 and the comparison between FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, as the rising angle of the main boom 5 increases, the rising angle of the top boom 8 also increases (FIG. 1).
Imaginary line of FIG. 5, FIG. 8). Then, as is clear from the comparison between FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, when the standing angle of the main boom 5 (top boom 8) becomes large, the inclination angle of the link 26 with respect to the top boom 8 (the top boom 8 with the roller 43 sandwiched between The angle formed by the link 26 must be increased. Now, as is clear from FIG. 1, the rope 2
The position of the drum 27, which is a fixed position at one end of 8, is located on the side opposite to the main boom 5 side from the pivoting point of the ups and downs of the main boom 5 (the connection point between the main boom 5 and the lower part of the mast 7). Due to this positional relationship, the distance from the drum 27 to the sheave 29 near the shaft 49 changes as the main boom 5 rises and falls. Now, main boom 5 (top boom 8)
When the standing angle of changes from a small state to a large state,
The distance becomes smaller. Therefore, the rope 28 is paid out from the mast 7 side to the link 26 side. This feeding amount is generally determined by the position of the drum 27 with respect to the turning point. Therefore, the angle of the link 26 with respect to the top boom 8 becomes large as shown in FIG. 8, and the spreader 50 moves horizontally. Further, since the sheave 29 is installed in the top boom 8 near the shaft 49 (connection point) and at a position different from the connection point, the standing angle of the main boom 5 (top boom 8) is small. From the state to the big state,
As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the position of the sheave 29 is relatively lowered with respect to the connection point (the shaft 49) between the top boom 8 and the main boom 5. That is, the vertical distance between the connecting point (axis 49) and the sheave 29 becomes smaller. Therefore, the rope 28 is paid out to the link 26 side. This amount of extension is generally determined by the position of the sheave 29 with respect to the connecting point (axis 49). Therefore, also from this configuration, the angle of the link 26 with respect to the top boom 8 becomes large as shown in FIG. 8, and the spreader 50 moves horizontally. In order to mount the power supply cable 60, the rope is inserted from the platform 63 into the groove of the cable guide 68 and hung down, and the metal fitting 62 fixed to the upper end side of the power supply cable 60 is connected and the rope is pulled up. And metal fittings 62
To the platform and connector 64. The power supply cable 60 is placed in the groove of the cable guide 68. When removing the power supply cable 60, the procedure is reversed. According to this, since the power feeding cable 60 hangs down along the cable guide 68, the top boom 8
Even when the top boom 8 is moved from the state of FIG. 13 where the turning radius is maximum to the state of FIG. 14 where the turning radius of the top boom 8 is minimum, the power feeding cable 60 hangs down in the basket 61. If there is no cable guide 68,
In some cases, it may not fit in the basket 61. Figure 1
If it enters in the state of 2, it will not enter in the state of FIG. Next, the case of suspending the bucket 51 and the hook 53 will be described. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drum 28 is used to loosen the rope 28 sufficiently. Then, the ropes 55 for the sheaves 52, 54 are joined together, and also connected to the hanger. Operate the drums 21 and 22 appropriately so that the bucket 51 and the hook 53 become horizontal.
Adjust the length of 5. If you lift the hanger, rope 15a,
The sheave 25 is moved to the outside of the sheave 19 by the tension of 15d as shown in FIGS.
Hangs vertically. When the top boom 8 has a minimum radius, as shown in FIG. 10, the sheave 25 is located outside the center line P connecting the sheaves 18 and 19, so that the rope 28 is directly attached to the shaft 35 of the sheave 25. When attached, the rope 28 comes into contact with the sheaves 19a, 19d, and the sheaves 19a, 19d.
d between the d and the top boom 8 and the rope 2
8 is damaged. For this reason, the link 30 is provided and the rope 2
8 is located inside the sheave 19. However, the link 30 is pulled by the rope 28 and tends to be parallel to the link 26. This is because the weight of the link 30 is lighter than the rope 28, and the distance between the drum 27 and the sheave 29 is longer than that between the sheave 29 and the sheave 25.
Therefore, the length L of the shaft 44 is made longer than the width 1 of the link 30 so that the link 30 does not hit the shaft 44 and become parallel to the link 26. As a result, the rope 28 is always located inside the sheave 19. When the top boom 8 is extended from the inner side to the outer side (or vice versa) and then stopped, the sheave 25 pulls the rope 15a,
15b may come off, and the roller 43 prevents this. Since the shaft 44 of the roller 43 is also used as a stopper for positioning the link 30, the number of members can be reduced, and the weight and cost can be reduced. As described above, the sheave 2 for suspending four points
Since 5 is operated by the rope 28,
This makes it possible to extremely easily and safely change the suspension point when replacing the suspension. Also, means for horizontally moving the spreader 50 when suspending at four points (links 26, 30, rope 2)
The drum 27 for changing the suspension point is connected to (8, sheaves 19, 25, etc.), so that the structure can be simplified. Since the fixed end on one end side of the rope 28 (the position where the rope 28 is paid out from the drum 27) is on the mast 7, the fixed point for horizontal movement may be selected from the large mast 7. It is possible to easily select an accurate fixed point. Also, drum 2
Since the installation position of 7 is the mast 7, the problem due to the weight of the drum 27 does not occur compared to other parts (for example, the main boom). Further, since the link 30 is provided between the sheave 25 and the rope 28 and the stopper (shaft 44) for adjusting the angle of the link 30 is provided on the link 26, when a bucket or a hook is hung, The rope 28 can be prevented from coming into contact with the sheave 19. The link 30 need not be coaxial with the sheave 25. As a stopper, it is also possible to provide a roller 70 protruding toward the rope 28 side of the boom 8 so as to prevent the rope 28 from coming into contact with the sheave 19, as shown in FIG. Link 3 of course
A stop is needed to prevent the zero from being parallel to the link 26. Further, since the stopper also serves as the shaft of the roller 43 for preventing the disengagement, the cost can be reduced. The sheave 2 when the hook 53 or the like is suspended at two points.
It is also possible to use 5 by pulling 5 with the rope 28 and diagonally arranging the rope from the sheaves 19 and 25 to the hanger (hook 53). According to this, as is well known, there is an effect of steadying the hanging device. The operating device for the sheave 25 is the drum 2
Besides 7, a piston cylinder device and a screw rod device can be used. Sheave 29 is the main boom 5
May be attached to. The operating device for the sheave 25 can be attached to the top boom 8 or the main boom 5 near the connection point between the top boom 8 and the main boom 5. Furthermore, it can be attached to the tip side of the top boom. In such a case, a link can be used instead of the rope. According to the present invention, it is possible to easily change the suspension method of the suspending tool and to simplify the configuration thereof only by operating the operating device. Further, since a stopper that comes into contact with a flexible member (for example, the rope 28) is provided on the lower surface of the top boom, the top boom can be lifted when all the ropes are suspended vertically from the tip of the top boom. It is possible to prevent the flexible member from coming into contact with the sheave at the tip of the top boom when the radius is set to the minimum.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall front view of a retractable crane according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of ropes when suspending a spreader in the retractable crane of FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of ropes when suspending a bucket in the retractable crane of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of ropes when suspending a hook in the retractable crane of FIG. 1. 5 is a front view around the top boom of the retractable crane of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a view showing the arrangement of sheaves of the top boom of the retractable crane of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view of the tip of the top boom when the spreader is hung in the retractable crane of FIG. 1 and the top boom has the maximum radius. 8 is a front view of the tip of the top boom when the spreader is hung in the retractable crane of FIG. 1 and the top boom has a minimum radius. 9 is a front view of the tip of the top boom when the hook is hung in the retractable crane of FIG. 1 and the top boom has the maximum radius. FIG. 10 is a front view of the tip of the top boom when the hook is hung in the retractable crane of FIG. 1 and the top boom has a minimum radius. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 13 is a front view of the tip of the top boom showing the support means of the power feeding cable in the retractable crane of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 14 is a front view of the tip of the top boom showing the support means of the power feeding cable in the retractable crane of FIG. 15 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. [Explanation of reference numerals] 2 ... Revolving structure, 5 ... Main boom, 6 ... Retracting device, 7 ...
Mast, 8 ... Top boom, 9 ... Tension boom, 1
5, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d ... Rope, 16,
17, 18, 19, 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d,
25, 29 ... Sheaves 21, 22, 27 ... Drums, 2
6, 30 ... Link, 28 ... Rope, 43 ... Guide roller, 44 ... Shaft, 50 ... Spreader, 51 ... Bucket, 5
3 ... Hook, 60 ... Power supply cable, 61 ... Basket,
62 ... Metal fittings, 63 ... Platform, 64 ... Connector, 68 ... Cable guide.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Mast, main boom rotatably attached to the mast, top boom rotatably attached to the main boom, and rotatably attached between the rear end side of the top boom and the mast A tension boom, a plurality of ropes for suspending a hanging tool, a drum for winding the ropes through a first sheave on the front end side of the top boom and a second sheave on the rear end thereof, and a main boom. In a retracting crane equipped with a retracting device for moving, a link rotatably provided on the tip side of the top boom and a tip installed on the tip side of the link, and the link is provided on the lower side of the top boom. Via a third sheave capable of supporting at least one of the ropes suspended from the first sheave when rotated, and a flexible member connected to the tip side of the link. Turn the link When the operating device installed on the mast and all the ropes are suspended downward from the tip of the first sheave by the operation of the operating device, the top boom is minimized. The flexible member comes into contact with the first sheave so that the flexible member does not come into contact with the first sheave when it is near the radius of rotation, and is installed so as to project downward on the lower surface of the top boom. A retractable crane consisting of a stopper.