JPH0633662B2 - How to build an external insulation wall - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for constructing an outer insulation wall in a building. More specifically, the present invention is not a so-called dry construction method in which a composite panel or the like consisting of a heat insulating material and a surface material or a finishing base material is directly attached to the outside of the body wall, but a heat insulation extended outside the body wall. The present invention relates to a method for constructing an outer heat insulating wall by a wet method in which cement mortar is applied to the surface of a material or the like to form a finishing underlayer at a work site.

Technical Background of the Invention and Problems Thereof A wall construction method by a wet method according to a conventional example for constructing a wall such as an outer wall in a building is performed as shown in FIG. 4, for example. A wall 10 shown in FIG. 4 is an outer wall of a so-called outer wall heat insulating structure, and a heat insulating material b is stretched on the outdoor side of a skeleton wall a made of concrete or the like. In particular, in recent years, a wall of an outer wall heat insulating structure that is provided with a heat insulating material on the outdoor side of the body wall (referred to as an "outer heat insulating wall") has become a wall of an inner wall insulating structure that is provided with a heat insulating material on the indoor side. Since it has many advantages in comparison, it has been widely used in buildings in cold regions.

For example, the following method is used to construct a wall having such an exterior heat insulating structure by a conventional method.

An insulating material b made of foamed plastic is stretched on the outer surface of the body wall a, and a cement mortar or a resin mortar is directly applied on the heat insulating material b to form a finishing underlayer c, and further on the finishing underlayer c. A coating material or the like was appropriately applied to the above to form the finishing layer d.

However, in such a conventional construction method, cracking is unavoidable, and cracks are apt to occur when the finishing underlayer c is formed of at least ordinary cement mortar or resin mortar, which deteriorates the waterproof performance of the body wall surface a. There is a risk that the internal structure and the finish layer d may be deteriorated due to the above.

The occurrence of cracks in the finish base layer c is because the mortar itself cannot withstand the internal stress generated by the contraction of the mortar layer itself, and the stress caused by the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the members due to the temperature difference and the like. Derived from. One way to reduce the generated internal stress is to disperse the stress to the heat insulating material that the underlayer adjoins, but the adhesive force between those mortar and the heat insulating material is the pressing force of the iron coating in the sideways work. Since the mortar is applied only by force, it is not so strong and the internal stress cannot be sufficiently transmitted to the heat insulating material.

From the above, as a method for preventing the occurrence of cracks in the finishing base layer c, it was considered to use glass fiber mixed premixed cement mortar having alkali resistance.

However, in the case of in-situ coating of premixed cement mortar mixed with alkali-resistant glass fibers, the amount of fibers that can be mixed is at most about 3% by weight ratio with respect to dry cement mortar, and cracks at this level In addition to being unable to sufficiently prevent the occurrence of, it is very difficult to apply even with this amount of mixed fiber, and it is difficult to fit smooth surfaces, corners, openings, etc., and a beautiful appearance is achieved. It had the drawback of not being able to.

Further, when kneading cement mortar mixed with alkali-resistant glass fiber with water, alkali-resistant material such as oxide zirconia coated on the surface of the glass fiber is stripped off by a hoe for mixing and the feather of a mixer, Since the alkali resistance of the fiber is lowered, the glass fiber is corroded by the alkaline cement mortar, and the strength is lowered, there is also a disadvantage that the generation of cracks cannot be sufficiently prevented.

Further, in recent years, the building has become high-rise, and reflection of radio waves by the outer wall of this building has become a problem. That is, when the outer wall of the building reflects television waves or the like, so-called ghost phenomenon (double image phenomenon) or noise may occur on nearby televisions or radios.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve all the inconveniences associated with the prior art as described above, has excellent durability without cracks, does not reflect radio waves, and is a ghost phenomenon in televisions and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an outer heat insulating wall that does not cause noise or noise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention is an adjustment method in which a heat insulating material is stretched on the outdoor side of a building wall in a building, and the outdoor surface of the heat insulating material is joined with the heat insulating material and cement mortar. After forming the layer, on the outdoor side of the adjusting layer, a cement mortar containing 1 to 3% by weight of carbon fiber based on dry cement mortar is applied to a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, and then the cement is applied. After the net-like material is stretched on the mortar-coated surface, the carbon is adjusted so that the mesh-like material is embedded from the stretched surface of the net-like material and the depth from the surface of the mesh-like material is 2 mm or less. It is characterized in that a cement mortar mixed with fibers is applied to form an underlayer.

In such a method for constructing an external heat insulating wall according to the present invention, since carbon fibers are used for reinforcing mortar, alkali resistance during kneading of mortar like conventional alkali resistant glass fibers Does not have the disadvantage that the durability of the wall is reduced.

Moreover, since carbon fiber has a larger strength per unit cross-sectional area than glass fiber, even if the amount of fiber mixed in mortar is small (about half the weight of conventional fiber), sufficient strength can be obtained. No cracks will occur on the wall.

In addition, since the carbon fiber contained in the underlayer that forms a part of the wall will absorb the radio waves of TV and radio,
Radio waves will not be reflected on this wall, causing ghost phenomena and noise on nearby TVs and radios.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the construction of an outer insulation wall according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the construction of an outer insulation wall according to another embodiment of the present invention. , Fig. 3 is the second
It is a layout of the mortar dumplings shown in the figure.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 shows an example of constructing a wall of a so-called exterior heat insulation structure (outer insulation wall 20) by the method of the present invention. In this embodiment, first, the building wall A of the building is stretched on the outdoor side by the heat insulating material 1 by an adhesive or an adhesive means such as simultaneous driving. As the skeleton A or the like, a precast concrete plate (PC plate), a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure), a lightweight cellular concrete layer (ALC layer) or a wooden structure can be considered. As the heat insulating material 1, a polystyrene foam plate or the like is used.

Next, the adjustment layer B is formed on the surface of the heat insulating material 1. Adjustment layer B
Is to surely disperse and transmit the stress caused by the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the heat insulating material 1 and the cement mortar 2 described later or the expansion / contraction stress due to the temperature change of the cement mortar 2 itself to the heat insulating material. It is formed by applying a thin layer of resin mortar in terms of workability, workability, and economy. The resin mortar is cement mortar to which an adhesive emulsion such as vinyl acetate, acryl, or styrene butadiene latex is added. As the aggregate of the resin mortar for the adjustment layer B, silica sand, sand, or the like is used. However, in some cases, a resin cement paste from which the aggregate has been removed may be used, or the resin emulsion may be applied as it is. The thickness of the adjustment layer is applied to a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm in the subsequent work, for example, the unevenness of the surface of the heat insulating material 1 is adjusted to adjust the thickness of the heat insulating material 1.
It is preferable for firmly fixing the cement mortar 2 on the surface of the.

Next, a cement mortar 2 mixed with carbon fibers is applied to the surface of such an adjustment layer to an appropriate thickness to form a base layer D.
To form. Here, coating is a concept that includes coating by spraying, trowel coating, brush coating, and the like. In addition, the mortar using cement is that the cement mortar 2 of the underlayer D for finishing is provided on the adjustment layer B.
This is because the resin mortar of the adjustment layer B and the cement mortar 2 of the finishing base layer D are well adhered and the strength is increased.

It should be noted that it is also adopted as another embodiment of the present invention to mix and strengthen an adhesive emulsion such as vinyl acetate, acryl, or styrene butadiene latex as a resin in the cement mortar forming the finishing base layer D. sell.

In addition, the amount of carbon fibers mixed in is preferably around 2% by weight with respect to the dry cement mortar, and in actual use, shredded fibers are approximately 1 to 3% by weight with respect to the cement mortar. What is mixed in is convenient for work.

Next, the cement mortar 2 mixed with carbon fibers is applied on the adjustment layer B to a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, and the net-like material 3 is stretched on the cement mortar-coated surface, and the net-like material 3 is embedded. Cement mortar further mixed with carbon fiber so that
Is applied so that the dimension between the surface of the mesh 3 and the surface of the cement mortar is 2 mm or less.

Here, if the surface length of the net-like material 3 and the cement mortar surface, that is, the surface length of the finishing underlayer D is 2 mm or more, cracks are likely to occur and caution is required.

Usually, when cement mortar mixed with carbon fibers is used as the exterior material, the carbon fibers are fluffed on the surface, which is aesthetically unfavorable. Therefore, in the construction method according to the embodiment, it is located on the surface side of the finishing base layer D. The net-like material 3 is used to prevent the bristling. For this reason, it also has the effect of revealing a beautiful exterior surface free of fluff, and by embedding the net-like material 3, the thickness of the finishing underlayer D can be made relatively thin, and expensive carbon fiber-mixed cement mortar can be obtained. It is also effective in reducing the cost and cost.

As the mesh 3, a glass mesh, lath, welded wire mesh, polypropylene mesh, synthetic fiber mesh or the like can be used, and carbon fiber mesh is most preferable. When the reticulate body 3 is stretched on the surface of the cement mortar 2 ', the end of the reticulate body 3 may be lifted around the opening, the corner, etc., and the workability of the reticulate body 3 may be reduced. It is preferable that the glass mesh has a wire diameter of 0.6 mm because it is embedded in an alkaline cement mortar, and an alkali resistant glass fiber mesh, preferably a carbon fiber mesh is most preferable.

In such a method for constructing the outer heat insulating wall 20 according to the present embodiment, the cement mortar 2, 2'as the underlayer D is formed.
As a reinforcing material for carbon fiber, which has self-reliability, is used, so the alkali resistance decreases when kneading mortar like conventional alkali resistant glass fiber, and the durability of the wall ends up. Does not have the inconvenience of decreasing.

Moreover, since carbon fiber has a higher strength per unit cross-sectional area than glass fiber, cement mortar 2, 2 '
Even if the amount of fibers mixed in is small (about half the weight of conventional fibers), sufficient strength can be obtained, and cracks and the like do not occur at the base layer opening in the wall 20. As described above, the amount of carbon fibers mixed in the mortar can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional one, so that even if relatively expensive carbon fibers are used, the overall construction cost is reduced.

In addition, since the carbon fibers contained in the underlayers 2 and 2'which form a part of the wall absorb the electric waves of the television or radio, the electric waves are reflected by the wall 20 and the nearby televisions or radios. It eliminates ghost phenomenon and noise.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be modified in various ways. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer surface of the skeleton wall A and the heat insulating material 1 may be connected by using the mortar dumpling 5 and the anchor 6.

In order to firmly attach the heat insulating material 1 to the outer surface of the building wall A of a building or the like, when the wall A is made of concrete such as RC, it is preferable to stretch the heat insulating material 1 onto the wall A by driving at the same time. In order to firmly attach the heat insulating material 1 to the finished concrete wall A, the following method is preferable.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, on the outer surface of the cleaned wall A,
Apply mortar dumpling 5 with a trowel.

In this case, the adhesive may be thinly applied to the body wall A in advance. The size of mortar dumpling 5 is Φ200mm
The thickness is adjusted to about 3 to 6 mm according to the unevenness of the outer surface of the wall A.

Next, an adhesive is applied to a position of the heat insulating agent 1 that comes into contact with the mortar dumpling 5, and the heat insulating agent 1 is pressure-bonded to the mortar dumpling 5. The mortar dumpling 5 is placed on the joint of the heat insulating material 1 so as to stabilize the heat insulating material 1, and is troweled by being rubbed on the outer surface of the wall A.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a spot facing 1a is made from the outside of the heat insulating material 1 with a drill, a pilot hole 7 of the anchor 6 is continuously drilled to the wall A, and the anchor 6 is driven. As a result, the finishing base layer D formed by the cement mortar 2, 4 and the mesh 3 applied on the heat insulating material 1 via the adjusting layer B is firmly fixed to the heat insulating material 1 by the adjusting layer B. Is more firmly attached to the wall A. In general, since the heat insulating material 1 is foamed plastic, in order to reliably prevent the finishing underlayer D from falling off due to the melting of the heat insulating material 1 due to a fire, the anchor 6 head has a carbon fiber mesh, a glass mesh, a lath, An anchor mesh 6a such as a welded wire mesh, a polypropylene mesh, or a synthetic fiber mesh may be provided, and the anchor mesh 6a may be embedded in the cement mortar 2 of the finishing base layer D so that the anchor mesh 6a is located on the inner surface side of the mesh 3. .

In order to carry out the construction method of the present invention using this anchor mesh 6a, first, the anchor 6 which has passed through the anchor mesh 6a is driven into the prepared hole 7 having the spot facing 1a portion to form the heat insulating material 1
, The cement mortar is applied to the counterbore 1a to the surface of the heat insulating material 1 in a state where the anchor mesh 6a is launched, and then the adjustment layer B is formed by application, and the cement containing carbon fiber is applied thereon. Mortar 2 is applied to the anchor mesh 6a in a completely embedded state to an appropriate thickness, and a mesh 3 is stretched on the coated surface, and then carbon fiber is further contained until the mesh 3 is embedded. St. mortar 4 is applied to form a finishing base layer D, and a finishing layer E is appropriately provided thereon.

In the construction method of the example constructed as described above,
What is the finishing underlayer consisting of heat insulating material and cement mortar?
Since it is fixed through the underlayer adjustment layer on the surface of the heat insulating material,
The stress due to the shrinkage of cement mortar, the stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of linear expansion between the heat insulating material and the mortar, and the expansion and contraction stress due to the temperature change of the mortar itself are surely dispersed and transmitted to the heat insulating material, and also to the surface side of the finishing base layer. Since the net-like material is installed in a buried state, it reliably prevents the occurrence of cracks in the finishing underlayer made of the cement mortar.

In addition, cracks are less likely to occur, and the finishing underlayer is firmly fixed to the heat insulating material and has a smaller thickness as compared with the case where no mesh is present, and the weight of the finishing underlayer can be reduced. , It is effective in preventing accidental drop-off, and it is possible to form a beautiful appearance by reducing joints and showing a large free surface, for example, forming a complicated wall surface such as a body wall surface as a curved surface. Is also possible.

Furthermore, at the time of work, it is easy to apply the cement mortar on the exterior side as a finishing base evenly by the net material stretched on the cement mortar application surface, and the net material located on the surface side of the cement mortar layer after construction is easy. Accordingly, the cement mortar layer has strength relative to the thickness thereof, and the surface hardness can also be sufficient hardness against external impact force.

Furthermore, in the examples shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, since the carbon fibers are contained in the cement mortars 2 and 4, the strength of the underlayer D is improved and the radio waves are not reflected by the walls. It basically has an effect.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, a heat insulating material is stretched on the outdoor side of a building wall in a building, and after an adjustment layer is further formed, on the outdoor side of this adjustment layer, a specific amount is provided. Mortar mixed with carbon fiber is applied to a specified thickness, and a net is placed, and the mortar containing carbon fiber is applied so that the net is embedded to form the base layer. Therefore, it is possible to construct a wall having excellent durability without cracks at a relatively low cost. Then, a net-like material is placed on the mortar mixed with the carbon fibers coated on the adjustment layer, and the mortar mixed with the carbon fibers is further thinly coated, so that the hair fibers of the carbon fibers on the surface are covered. Standing can be prevented and a beautifully finished surface can be obtained. Further, by mixing the carbon fiber in the amount specified in the present invention and applying this cement mortar so that the mesh is buried, the underlayer has sufficient durability, and at such an amount. Cement mortar mixed with carbon fibers does not become so hard, so workability does not deteriorate, and not only smooth surfaces but also corners, openings and the like can be finished beautifully. Further, by arranging the underlayer having the above-mentioned structure, even when a television radio wave or the like is incident on this wall, the radio wave is almost not absorbed and reflected, so that a ghost phenomenon or noise in the television or the like is prevented. It has an excellent effect that it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the construction of an outer insulation wall according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the construction of an outer insulation wall according to another embodiment of the present invention. , Fig. 3 is the second
FIG. 4 is a layout view of the mortar dumpling shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a method for constructing an outer heat insulating wall according to a conventional example. A: body wall, B: adjustment layer, D: base layer, E: finishing layer. I: heat insulating material, 2: cement mortar, 3: reticulate material, 4: cement mortar, 5: mortar dumpling, 6: anchor, 7: pilot hole. a: wall surface, b: heat insulating material, c: finishing base layer, d: finishing layer, e: net-like material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating material is stretched on the outdoor side of a building wall in a building, and an adjusting layer for joining the heat insulating material and cement mortar is formed on the outdoor side surface of the heat insulating material. Cement mortar mixed with 1 to 3% by weight of carbon fiber with respect to dry cement mortar on the outside is 3 to 4
After applying a thickness of mm, and then stretch the net-like material on the cement mortar application surface, from the stretched surface of the net-like material, the net-like material is embedded state and from the surface of the net-like material. A method for constructing an outer heat insulating wall, characterized in that cement mortar mixed with the carbon fiber is applied to form a base layer so that the depth is 2 mm or less.