JPH0634430B2 - Laser oscillator - Google Patents
Laser oscillatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0634430B2 JPH0634430B2 JP16960586A JP16960586A JPH0634430B2 JP H0634430 B2 JPH0634430 B2 JP H0634430B2 JP 16960586 A JP16960586 A JP 16960586A JP 16960586 A JP16960586 A JP 16960586A JP H0634430 B2 JPH0634430 B2 JP H0634430B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- resonator
- short
- pulse
- laser light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYXSBFYARXAAKO-WTKGSRSZSA-N chembl402140 Chemical compound Cl.C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=C\C(=N/CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC VYXSBFYARXAAKO-WTKGSRSZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/082—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors defining a plurality of resonators, e.g. for mode selection or suppression
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、光学計測への応用上有用なナノ秒以下の時間
幅の光パルスを発生し得るレーザ発振器に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a laser oscillator capable of generating an optical pulse having a time width of nanosecond or less, which is useful for application to optical measurement.
（従来の技術） １ｎｓ（１０-9秒）以下の時間幅を有するような光パル
ス（以下光短パルスと略す）は、高速現象の計測、測定
を行うために広く用いられている。このような光短パル
スを発生させるためには通常固体レーザや気体レーザ、
またレーザ媒質が溶液である色素レーザのモード同期発
振を利用する。この方法を用いると容易に１ｎｓ以下、
時に１ps（１０-12秒）以下の時間幅を有する光パルス
が得られる。また、物性測定で多用される色素レーザで
は、非常に短い共振器のレーザを数ｎｓから数十ｎｓの
時間幅の光パルスで励起し、緩和発振を利用してｐｓオ
ーダの光短パルスを得るという方法も試みられている。(Prior Art) An optical pulse having a time width of 1 ns (10 −9 seconds) or less (hereinafter abbreviated as optical short pulse) is widely used for measuring and measuring high-speed phenomena. In order to generate such a short pulse of light, a solid-state laser or a gas laser,
In addition, the mode-locked oscillation of the dye laser in which the laser medium is a solution is used. With this method, 1 ns or less,
Occasionally, an optical pulse having a time width of 1 ps (10 −12 seconds) or less is obtained. In dye lasers often used for physical property measurement, a very short resonator laser is excited by an optical pulse with a time width of several ns to several tens of ns, and a short optical pulse of ps order is obtained by using relaxation oscillation. That method has also been tried.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 上述したモード同期発振レーザは、長年にわたり技術改
良が続けられた結果、信頼性も高まり汎用装置として広
く使用されるようになつたが、なおいくつかの問題点が
ある。１つには、精密な装置構成と正確な動作条件の制
御とを要するから、装置コストが非常に高くなることで
ある。また、モード同期発振では、光パルスはレーザ共
振器内を光が往復する時間間隔でくり返されるパルス列
として得られるので、単一の光パルスのみをとり出す必
要がある場合には、やはりそのための高度な技術と高価
な装置が必要となる。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The above-described mode-locked oscillation laser has been improved in reliability as a result of continuous technical improvement over many years and has been widely used as a general-purpose device, but there are still some problems. There is a point. One is that the device cost becomes very high because a precise device configuration and accurate control of operating conditions are required. Further, in mode-locked oscillation, an optical pulse is obtained as a pulse train that is repeated at a time interval in which light reciprocates in a laser resonator. Therefore, when only a single optical pulse needs to be extracted, the It requires sophisticated technology and expensive equipment.
一方、数mm長以下の非常に短い共振器（以下短共振器と
略す）を有する色素レーザでは、ＱスイツチＹＡＧレー
ザの高調波のような高ピーク強度の数ｎｓ〜数十ｎｓの
時間幅の光パルスを励起源とした場合、緩和発振により
１００ｐｓ以下の時間幅の光短パルスが１ｎｓ程度の間
隔で発生する。このレーザ光出六を実際の計測，測定に
利用するためにはやはり単一の光短パルスをとり出すこ
とが望ましい。これを実現するため短共振器色素レーザ
から最初の光短パルスが発生した直後に、他の色素レー
ザ発振器からのレーザ光を短共振器色素レーザの光増幅
部に入射させて利得を減少させ、以後の短共振器色素レ
ーザの発振を阻止するという方法が提案されている。こ
の方法の欠点は２台のレーザ発振器で構成し、１つのレ
ーザ発振器からの出力を正確に他方のレーザ発振器の光
増幅部に導くという方式であるためコンポーネントが多
くなり光学系が複雑になることである。On the other hand, in a dye laser having a very short resonator of a few mm or less (hereinafter abbreviated as a short resonator), a high peak intensity such as a harmonic of a Q switch YAG laser with a time width of several ns to several tens of ns is obtained. When an optical pulse is used as an excitation source, relaxation oscillation generates short optical pulses with a time width of 100 ps or less at intervals of about 1 ns. In order to use this laser beam output 6 for actual measurement, it is desirable to extract a single short optical pulse. To realize this, immediately after the first optical short pulse is generated from the short-cavity dye laser, laser light from another dye laser oscillator is made incident on the optical amplification section of the short-cavity dye laser to reduce the gain. A method of preventing the oscillation of the short cavity dye laser thereafter has been proposed. The drawback of this method is that it is composed of two laser oscillators and the output from one laser oscillator is accurately guided to the optical amplification section of the other laser oscillator, so that the number of components increases and the optical system becomes complicated. Is.
このモード同期法によらない光短パルス発生のためのレ
ーザについては、ボア（Ｂｏｒ）とシエーフアー（Sch
fer）による、アブライド・フイジクス（Appl．Phy
s．）誌の１９８３年、第Ｂ３１巻、の２０９頁〜２１
３頁にわたつて掲載された論文の中で原理、装置構成の
詳細が述べられている。Regarding a laser for generating an optical short pulse that does not depend on the mode-locking method, a bore and a schier (Sch
fer) by Abride Physics (Appl. Phy
s. ), 1983, Volume B31, pages 209-21
The details of the principle and device configuration are described in the article published on page 3.
この発明の目的は、上述した従来法の欠点を除去したよ
り簡便に単一の光短パルスを発生することが可能なレー
ザ発振器を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a laser oscillator capable of more easily generating a single optical short pulse without removing the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 前述の問題点を解決するために本発明が提供するレーザ
発振器は、第１のレーザ共振器と、該第１のレーザ共振
器と異なる光軸を有し該第１のレーザ共振器よりも共振
器長が大きくかつ共振器損失が小さな第２のレーザ共振
器とが、単一のレーザ光増幅部を共有することを特徴と
する。(Means for Solving Problems) A laser oscillator provided by the present invention in order to solve the above problems has a first laser resonator and an optical axis different from that of the first laser resonator. A second laser resonator having a longer resonator length and a smaller resonator loss than the first laser resonator shares a single laser light amplification section.
（作用） 本発明は、光軸と共振器長、および共振器損失が異なる
２つのレーザ共振器で単一のレーザ媒質を共有すること
を特徴としている。このような構成によりレーザ媒質を
パルス的に強く励起した際、一方の単共振器長でかつ共
振器損失が大きなレーザ共振器で緩和発振による最初の
光短パルスが発生した後、長共振器長でかつ共振器損失
の小さい他方のレーザ共振器による発振が立ち上がるよ
うにすることができる。後者の共振器によるレーザ発振
のためレーザ媒質の利得が減少するので、以後の前者の
共振器によるレーザ発振を阻止することができる。この
結果、前者のレーザ共振器からは単一の光短パルスガレ
ーザ光出力として取り出される。(Operation) The present invention is characterized in that two laser resonators having different optical axes, different resonator lengths, and different resonator losses share a single laser medium. When a laser medium is strongly excited in a pulsed manner by such a configuration, the long cavity length is generated after the first optical short pulse due to relaxation oscillation occurs in the laser cavity with one single cavity length and large cavity loss. And the oscillation by the other laser resonator having a small resonator loss can be started. Since the gain of the laser medium is reduced due to the laser oscillation by the latter resonator, it is possible to prevent the laser oscillation by the former resonator thereafter. As a result, the former laser resonator outputs the light as a single optical short pulsed laser light.
（実施例） この発明の実施例について図面を参照しながら詳細な説
明を行う。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、この発明を適用した一実施例の模式的構成を
示すものである。この例では薄い色素セル１に満たした
色素溶液２がレーザ媒質であり、セルの両面に施した低
反射率の反射膜が１つのレーザ共振器を構成する短共振
器ミラー１１となつている。色素溶液２が励起レーザ光
３によつて励起されると、短共振器のレーザ発振器から
短パルスレーザ光１０１が発生する。励起レーザ光３に
よる励起部分はまた高反射率の長共振器ミラー２１と長
共振器出力ミラー２２で構成される長共振器のレーザ発
振器のレーザ光増幅部にもなつており、短パルスレーザ
光１０１の発振に対し時間的遅延を持つて長パルスレー
ザ光２０１の発振が生じる。FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied. In this example, the dye solution 2 filled in the thin dye cell 1 is the laser medium, and the low-reflectance reflective films formed on both sides of the cell serve as the short cavity mirror 11 that constitutes one laser cavity. When the dye solution 2 is excited by the excitation laser light 3, the short-pulse laser light 101 is generated from the laser oscillator of the short resonator. The pumping portion by the pumping laser light 3 also serves as a laser light amplifying portion of a laser oscillator of a long resonator composed of a long resonator mirror 21 having a high reflectance and a long resonator output mirror 22. The long pulse laser light 201 oscillates with a time delay with respect to the oscillation of 101.
本実施例では、色素セル１の実効長を２mmとし、色素溶
液２には１０-3mol／のローダミン６Ｇのメタノール
溶液を用いた。In this example, the effective length of the dye cell 1 was set to 2 mm, and the dye solution 2 was a 10 −3 mol / rhodamine 6G methanol solution.
また励起レーザ光３には時間幅が約１０ｎｓの、Ｑ−ス
イツチＹＡＧレーザの第２の高調波光（波長５３２ｎ
ｍ）を使用し、色素セル１にビーム径２mmで集光し、１
パルスあたり１０ｍＪのエネルギーで励起を行つた。短
共振器ミラー１１としては波長５８０ｎｍ付近で２０％
の反射率を有する誘電体多層膜を使用した。長共振器ミ
ラー２１には波長５８０ｎｍ付近で９９％以上の反射率
と５０cmの曲率半径を有する球面鏡を用い、長共振器出
力ミラー２２には反射率９０％の平面鏡を使用した。両
者間の光学長は１５cmとし、長共振器出力ミラー２２と
色素セル１の励起部との距離は約３cmに設定した。ま
た、短共振器ミラー１１の役目をする誘電体多層膜は、
長共振器のレーザ発振器の光軸では波長５８０ｎｍ付近
の光に対して反射防止膜となるようにしている。In addition, the excitation laser light 3 has a time width of about 10 ns and a second harmonic light (wavelength of 532 n) of the Q-switch YAG laser.
m) is used to focus the dye cell 1 with a beam diameter of 2 mm, and
Excitation was performed with an energy of 10 mJ per pulse. 20% for the short cavity mirror 11 near the wavelength of 580 nm
A dielectric multi-layer film having a reflectance of 1 was used. A spherical mirror having a reflectance of 99% or more and a radius of curvature of 50 cm around a wavelength of 580 nm is used as the long resonator mirror 21, and a plane mirror having a reflectance of 90% is used as the long resonator output mirror 22. The optical length between the two was set to 15 cm, and the distance between the long resonator output mirror 22 and the excitation part of the dye cell 1 was set to about 3 cm. Further, the dielectric multilayer film serving as the short cavity mirror 11 is
On the optical axis of the laser oscillator of the long resonator, an antireflection film is used for light having a wavelength near 580 nm.
以上に述べた条件でレーザ発振の動作を行つた結果を図
を参照して説明する。第２図は、各レーザ光パルスの強
度の時間変化を表わしている。本図（ｂ）〜（ｄ）の横
軸は同図（ａ）の励起レーザ光時間波形３０１の時間を
基準にとつて示されている。第２図（ｂ）は、第１図に
おいて長共振器ミラー２１と長共振器出力ミラー２２と
の間に遮光物を挿入した時に得られる短パルスレーザ光
１０１の強度の時間変化を示している。この場合の短パ
ルスレーザ光１０１は、長パルスレーザ光の発振を阻止
した場合の短パルスレーザ光時間波形３０２の時間変化
を示し、いくつかの緩和発振による光短パルスの繰り返
しとなつている。同図（ｃ）の長パルスレーザ光時間波
形３０３は長共振器によるレーザ発振で得られる長パル
スレーザ光２０１の強度の時間変化を示している。これ
ら図（ｂ）および（ｃ）は、長パルスレーザ光２０１の
発振の立上りのタイミングが、短パルスレーザ１０１の
発振の立上りより１〜２ｎｓ秒程度遅れることを示して
いる。また第２図（ｄ）は、同図（ｅ）に示す長パルス
レーザ光２０１も発振させた時に得られる短パルスレー
ザ光１０１の強度の時間変化を表わしている。この場合
の短パルスレーザ光１０１は長パルスレーザの発振があ
る場合の短パルスレーザ光時間波形３０４に示すよう
に、単一の緩和発振光短パルスのみとなる。このような
光短パルスが得られるのは、先に説明したように、短共
振器による最初の緩和発振の後に長共振器によるレーザ
発振が立ち上がり以後短共振器でのレーザ光の増幅利得
が減少してしまうから、後続の緩和発振が抑制されるこ
とによつている。第２図に示す波形観測よりもつと時間
分解能の高い測定から、（ｄ）に示すような短共振器に
よつて得られる単一の光短パルスの時間幅は３０ｐｓ〜
ｐｓであることが分つた。また、そのエネルギーは約１
００μＪであつた。The result of performing the laser oscillation operation under the above-described conditions will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows the time change of the intensity of each laser light pulse. The abscissas of the figures (b) to (d) are shown based on the time of the excitation laser light time waveform 301 of the figure (a). FIG. 2B shows a time change of the intensity of the short pulse laser light 101 obtained when a light shield is inserted between the long resonator mirror 21 and the long resonator output mirror 22 in FIG. . In this case, the short pulse laser light 101 shows a temporal change of the short pulse laser light time waveform 302 when the oscillation of the long pulse laser light is blocked, and the light short pulse is repeated by some relaxation oscillations. The long pulse laser light time waveform 303 in FIG. 7C shows the time change of the intensity of the long pulse laser light 201 obtained by the laser oscillation by the long resonator. These diagrams (b) and (c) show that the rising timing of the oscillation of the long pulse laser light 201 is delayed by about 1 to 2 ns from the rising timing of the oscillation of the short pulse laser 101. Further, FIG. 2D shows the time change of the intensity of the short pulse laser light 101 obtained when the long pulse laser light 201 shown in FIG. In this case, the short pulse laser light 101 has only a single relaxation oscillation light short pulse as shown by the short pulse laser light time waveform 304 in the case where the long pulse laser is oscillated. Such an optical short pulse can be obtained because, as described above, the laser oscillation by the long resonator rises after the first relaxation oscillation by the short resonator, and the amplification gain of the laser light in the short resonator decreases thereafter. This is because the subsequent relaxation oscillation is suppressed. From the measurement with higher time resolution than the waveform observation shown in FIG. 2, the time width of a single optical short pulse obtained by the short resonator as shown in FIG.
It was found to be ps. The energy is about 1
It was 00 μJ.
本実施例の場合、光短パルスの発振波長幅は５８０ｎｍ
と中心として約３ｎｍと広いが、単色性にすぐれた出力
を得るには分光器により狭帯域成分のみを選び出して、
時間的に同期をもつて励起した色素レーザ増幅器で増幅
すれば良い。In the case of this embodiment, the oscillation wavelength width of the optical short pulse is 580 nm.
Although it is wide with about 3 nm as the center, in order to obtain an output with excellent monochromaticity, only narrow band components are selected by a spectroscope,
It may be amplified by a dye laser amplifier that is excited with being synchronized in time.
（実施例の変形） 第１図の実施例では、色素レーザの場合について述べロ
ーダミン６Ｇ溶液の使用時について詳細に説明を行つた
が、他の色素溶液でも波長を考慮して、共振器の構成部
品、励起光源を適切に選択すれば実施例と同様に容易に
光単パルスを得ることができる。また、本発明はレーザ
媒質が色素のみならず、ｎｓオーダの反転分布寿命を有
する他の材料、例えば半導体結晶や、カラーセンサを有
するアルカリハライド結晶である場合にも広く適用する
ことができる。(Modification of Embodiment) In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the case of the dye laser was described and the use of the Rhodamine 6G solution was described in detail. If the components and the excitation light source are appropriately selected, a light monopulse can be easily obtained as in the embodiment. Further, the present invention can be widely applied to the case where the laser medium is not only a dye but also another material having a population inversion lifetime of the order of ns, such as a semiconductor crystal or an alkali halide crystal having a color sensor.
（発明の効果） 以上に述べたように、本発明を用いれば、簡単な構成に
よつて容易にｐｓオーダの時間幅を有する光短パルスが
得られ、各種高速過程の計測、測定に応用することが可
能となる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, an optical short pulse having a time width on the order of ps can be easily obtained with a simple configuration and applied to measurement and measurement of various high-speed processes. It becomes possible.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の模式的構成を示す図、第２
図は第１図実施例で得られたレーザ光パルスの強度の時
間変化を示すための説明図である。 １……色素セル、２……色素溶液、３……励起レーザ
光、１１……短共振器ミラー、２１……長共振器ミラ
ー、２２……長共振器出力ミラー、１０１……短パルス
レーザ光、２０１……長パルスレーザ光、３０１……励
起レーザ光時間波形、３０２……長パルスレーザ光の発
振を阻止した場合の短パルスレーザ光時間波形、３０３
……長パルスレーザの光時間波形、３０４……長パルス
レーザ光の発振がある場合の短パルスレーザ光時間波
形。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The drawing is an explanatory view showing the time change of the intensity of the laser light pulse obtained in the embodiment of FIG. 1 ... Dye cell, 2 ... Dye solution, 3 ... Excitation laser light, 11 ... Short cavity mirror, 21 ... Long cavity mirror, 22 ... Long cavity output mirror, 101 ... Short pulse laser Light, 201 ... Long pulse laser light, 301 ... Excitation laser light time waveform, 302 ... Short pulse laser light time waveform when oscillation of long pulse laser light is blocked, 303
...... Long pulse laser light time waveform, 304 ...... Short pulse laser light time waveform when long pulse laser light oscillates.
Claims (1)
振器と異なる光軸を有し該第１のレーザ共振器よりも共
振器長が大きくかつ共振器損失が小さな第２のレーザ共
振器とが、単一のレーザ光増幅部を共有することを特徴
とするレーザ発振器。Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A first laser resonator, and a second laser resonator having an optical axis different from that of the first laser resonator and having a longer resonator length and a smaller resonator loss than the first laser resonator. A laser oscillator, wherein a laser resonator shares a single laser light amplifier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16960586A JPH0634430B2 (en) | 1986-07-17 | 1986-07-17 | Laser oscillator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16960586A JPH0634430B2 (en) | 1986-07-17 | 1986-07-17 | Laser oscillator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6325994A JPS6325994A (en) | 1988-02-03 |
| JPH0634430B2 true JPH0634430B2 (en) | 1994-05-02 |
Family
ID=15889594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16960586A Expired - Lifetime JPH0634430B2 (en) | 1986-07-17 | 1986-07-17 | Laser oscillator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0634430B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19653546C1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-16 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh | Lasers with different emission directions |
-
1986
- 1986-07-17 JP JP16960586A patent/JPH0634430B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6325994A (en) | 1988-02-03 |
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