JPH0635099B2 - Computer controlled manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus in which each part of a manufacturing process is controlled by a computer, and in particular, a plurality of small glass plates having different sizes are cut out from a large glass plate. It is the most suitable for a small-volume production system.

[Outline of Invention]

A high-mix, small-lot production process in which manufactured products with different shapes (horizontal and horizontal dimensions) flow through the process line one after another in a non-sequential and indefinite posture, and the management computer determines the product items and processes for each individual process. The positioning posture of the robot is recognized, and processing control of each process is performed based on these recognition results.
This facilitates grasping and managing the flow of process lines for high-mix low-volume production.

[Prior Art] In a plate glass production system, a series of processes such as indexing from a raw plate, marking a product type with a mark, and four-round polishing are performed.
In the case of high-mix low-volume production, a plurality of glass sheets of different sizes are indexed from a single large board, and the glass flows in a random order on the production line. Therefore, in order to automate (disable) each process, use the data in the memory that stores the size and number of indexes and the output signal of the passage sensor (limit switch) installed at the entrance of each process. It is conceivable that a control computer grasps which size of glass sheet is in which process and which process is performed, and tool selection and position adjustment in each process are automatically performed by a command from the computer.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in this case, due to a malfunction of the passage sensor provided in the manufacturing line, a gap between the actual flow of the line and the situation controlled by the control computer is likely to occur, and if manual work is involved in the manufacturing line, data may be lost. There is a problem that the flow of the sheet glass and the flow of the sheet glass do not correspond at all.

For example, in the case of high-mix low-volume production, the required size (vertical and horizontal dimensions) and number of pieces of data (round-up table)
Based on the above, the computer multiplies the large glass plate (determines the cutting pattern), and then the XY cutter draws the cutting line. For this reason, the cutting line is complicated and complicated, for example, in a T-shape or an H-shape depending on the size and size of the mixed products, and therefore the work of splitting after drawing has to be done manually. Then, in the line after the plate cutting process, the plate glass flows in a divided order regardless of the rounding up table of the size and the number of sheets in the memory, and the relationship between the flow direction and the vertical and horizontal directions of each glass is It is completely unspecified.

Therefore, it is quite difficult to automatically control the position of the tool by tracing the flow of the sheet glass manufacturing line with a computer based on the rounding-up table and the passage sensor.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even when manufactured products such as plate glass of various sizes flow in a line without a sequence, or in a vertical or horizontal direction. The purpose of the present invention is to enable each process to operate correspondingly, thereby significantly improving the production efficiency.

[Means for solving problems]

As shown in FIG. 1, in a manufacturing apparatus in which manufactured products such as plate glass 16 having different shapes flow one after another through a series of processes coupled to a management computer 1, at least one process is a manufactured product. Positioning means (pressing rods 17 and 18) for locating the reference point in the coordinate system,
Measuring means (length measuring heads 19x, 19y) for measuring the dimension of the manufactured product in accordance with the positioning, and machining in which machining control data is supplied from the management computer 1 based on the dimension data obtained from the measuring means. Means (stamping machine 1
5a, 15b).

As shown in FIG. 2, the management computer 1 collates the dimensional data obtained from the measuring means with a pre-stored attribute table of the manufactured item, and positions the manufactured item in the process and the coordinate system. Each of the determined postures is determined, and the processing control data corresponding to the manufactured item and the positioning posture is derived to the processing means based on the determination result.

[Action]

Even if the types of manufactured products flowing through the manufacturing line are out of order and their postures are indefinite, each process cooperates with the control computer to perform processing corresponding to each type. Therefore, unlike uncertain process management with a high probability of malfunctions, such as providing a passage sensor for each process of the manufacturing line and replacing the process flow with a data flow to trace it, it becomes an extremely reliable and multi-product flow. On the other hand, flexible process control can be realized.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a plate glass manufacturing system, which has a configuration suitable for the above-mentioned small-lot production of various products.

The main process consists of cutting a blank plate, engraving a product type mark, etc., polishing the end face (four circumferences), and collecting plates, and is operated by a computer 1 for control and production management (hereinafter referred to as a management computer). The large glass base plate 2 is loaded into the base plate loading conveyor 3 by using a loading crane (not shown), and NC
It is transferred to the stand 4a. Although the process including the NC cutting stand 4a is the cutting process 4, it may be referred to as a supply process in which materials having different shapes are sequentially supplied to subsequent processes.

The NC stand 4a is an N that can be controlled along the XY orthogonal axis.
The control CPU 6 is provided with a C cutter 5, and the control CPU 6 receives the cutting data from the management computer 1, and the NC control causes the cutter head to move in the orthogonal coordinate system to draw a cutting line 7 indicated by a dotted line.

The pattern of the cutting line 7 is determined based on the data of the cut-up ranking table as shown in the following table indicating the size (length x width) of the glass plate finally required and the required number, and is instructed by the management computer 1. It This is called "compilation".
The engagement pattern for each blank 1 is displayed on the CRT 8. The cut-up ranking table is input from the floppy disk 9 to the computer 1 according to the instruction. In addition, the cutting-up ranking table also includes processing control data necessary for each process.

The glass base plate 2 on which the tracing of the cutting line 7 has been completed on the NC cutting base 4a is moved to the dividing base 10a in the plate dividing step 10, and the dividing work for dividing each small glass plate is performed manually. Even in this process, the crossing pattern is CRT1.
It is displayed in 1. As described above, the cutting line 7 is assembled in a T-shape or an H-shape depending on the mating pattern, and the plate division is performed in an easy-to-divide order determined by the mating pattern. Therefore, the flat glass in the random order irrelevant to the cut-up ranking table in the memory of the computer 1 is led to the next step.

The transfer of the glass plate on the NC cutting table 4a and the dividing table 10a is carried out on the air table 12 which floats the glass plate by air pressure to move freely.

Each plate glass 16 obtained in the plate dividing step 10 is carried into the stock conveyor 13. The stock conveyor 13 transfers the plate glass in an upright state, and stores the glass until it can be led out onto the roll conveyor 14 in the next step, that is, in accordance with the progress of the next step. As a result, the stock conveyor 13 absorbs the difference in processing speed between the plate splitting process 10 and the next marking process.

When the plate glass 16 is transferred from the plate splitting process 10 to the stock conveyor 13, the vertical and horizontal directions of the plate glass 16 are not distinguished. Will flow through. Further, as described above, the size of the sheet glass flowing on the roll conveyor 14 has a random order irrelevant to the cut-up ranking table.

In the next engraving step 15, the glass type, the manufacturer's mark, etc. are engraved on the plate glass 16 at a fixed position, for example, on the lower left corner of the inner surface by the sandblast method. The same marking machines 15a and 15b are arranged at one end of the conveyor line at intervals in the line flow direction. The stamping machine 15a on the downstream side of the line stamps upright characters and symbols in the line width direction,
The stamper 15b on the upstream side stamps an upright character or symbol in the line flow direction by an angle difference of 90 ° with this. By selecting and using either one of these marking machines 15a and 15b, even if the vertical (height) and horizontal (width) of the sheet glass are transferred regardless of the line flow direction, they are always at a fixed position. Can be engraved.

In the marking step 15, first, the plate glass 16 is positioned at the reference position of the orthogonal coordinate system in the line flow direction and the line width direction. The positioning is performed by a positioning mechanism including a pressing rod 17 in the line width direction and a pressing rod 18 in the line flow direction. With the plate glass 16 positioned, the marking machine 15a is located at one corner on the lower surface of the glass. On the other hand, the marking machine 15b moves in conjunction with the pressing rod 18 in the line flow direction, and the plate glass 1 in the positioned state.
It is located in another corner of the lower surface of No. 6.

The measuring heads 19x and 19y move integrally with the positioning pressing rods 17 and 18 on the digital scales 20x and 20y along the orthogonal coordinates so that the vertical and horizontal glass sizes can be measured simultaneously with the positioning of the plate glass 16. It has become. The pulse outputs of the length measuring heads 19x and 19y are sent to the management computer 1 and the length is measured by pulse counting. The measured data is collated with the above-mentioned cutting-up ranking table,
Vertical and horizontal dimensions are specified with respect to the line flow direction of the glass sheet 16. Based on this comparison result, either the downstream or upstream marking machine 15a or 15b is selected, and the marking mark is attached to a fixed position, for example, in the lower left corner of the plate glass 16 in the upright state.

Note Since engraved marks also varies depending on the size of the glass plate, the mark data from the control data d _n of round-up order table based on the measured size data is read, marking machine 15a of the turret structure, 15b several of One is selected from the engraved marks.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the size measurement data of the plate glass 16, the cut-up ranking table and collation. First, the short side value (line width direction dimension) of the measurement data is entered in the register A1 of the management computer 1, and the long side value (line flow direction dimension) is entered in the register A2. Next, the data of A1 is compared with the lateral dimension b _i of the top-ranking table, and if the comparison result is not within a preset allowable error (for example, 2 mm), the data of A2 and the lateral dimension data of the top-ranking table are compared. Are compared.

If either A1 or A2 matches one of the horizontal dimensions b _i , the length measurement data that can be regarded as the vertical of the other side is registered in the register A.
3, the A3 data is compared with the vertical dimension a _i of the cut-up ranking table. If the comparison result is within the allowable error with respect to one of the vertical dimensions, it means that the vertical dimension and the horizontal dimension of the positioned plate glass 16 can be specified.

Therefore, the mark type data of the corresponding size is read from the control data of the cut-up order table, the mark selection signal is derived to the marking machines 15a and 15b, and the A1 data and the A3 data are compared. If A1 = A3, since the A2 data (line flow direction) is a lateral dimension, the marking machine 15a on the downstream side is operated. If A1 ≠ A3, the A1 data (line width direction) has a lateral dimension, and therefore the upstream stamping machine 15b is operated.

The marking process also functions as one of the dimension check yards in all the processes, and when the marking is performed, the management computer 1 increases the data of the dimension matching number N1 by one.

The next end face polishing step 21 includes a first step 21f and a second step 2
It consists of 1s. In the first step 21f, the end face in the line width direction of the plate glass 16 is polished, and in the second step 21s, the end face in the line flow direction is polished.

The first step 21f is provided with a polishing wheel 23 that can be moved to a line width by a feeding device 24, and the reciprocating movement of the polishing wheel 23 causes the rear end surface 16b and the front end surface 16f of the two plate glasses 16 arranged in the front-rear direction in the line width direction. Are polished. The polishing wheel 23 can be biased in the line flow direction and can apply a polishing pressure to the rear end surface 16b (when moving forward) and the front end surface 16f (when returning) of the glass sheet 16.

The plate glass 16 transferred from the engraving step 15 is first positioned in front (downstream side) of the first step 21f, and then the end surface 16b is polished by the forward movement of the polishing wheel 23. At this time, the length-measuring head 25 is integrated with the polishing wheel 23 so that the length measuring head 25 moves along the line width direction.
6, and the width of the rear end face 16b is measured. The measurement data is derived to the management computer 1 and used for positioning the polishing wheel in the second step 21s.

On the other hand, the polishing wheel 23 has the rear end surface 16b of the plate glass 16.
While polishing is performed, the subsequent plate glass 16 is sent from the marking step 15 to the first step 21f and positioned rearward (upstream side). Therefore, after polishing the front end face 16b,
When the polishing wheel 23 is returned, the front end face 1 of the subsequent plate glass 16 is moved.
6f is continuously polished.

While the front end surface 16f is being polished, the front side plate glass 16 whose rear end surface 16b has already been polished has the following second step 21s.
Be derived to. The second step 21s includes a pair of polishing wheels 27 and 28 arranged in the line width direction. One polishing wheel 27 is fixed at one side end of the process line, and the other polishing wheel 28 is adjusted in position by a position adjusting device 29 in the line width direction so as to match the width of the plate glass 16 to be polished. . Position adjustment is the first step 2
This is performed by numerical control (NC) by the management computer 1 based on the widthwise dimension measured in 1f.

As described above, the size in the width direction of the plate glass 16 is measured during the polishing of the rear end surface 16b in the first step 21f, and the second step is performed based on the above measurement data during the polishing of the front end surface 16f by the returning movement of the polishing wheel 23. The position of the polishing wheel 28 is adjusted in 21 s. Upon completion of the adjustment, the plate glass 16 travels in the second step 21f, and the parallel two end faces 16p and 16q along the line flow direction are polished along with the transfer.

Since the vertical and horizontal sizes of the plate glass 16 have been specified in the previous marking step 15, the position of the polishing wheel 28 may be adjusted using this data.

The plate glass 16 for which the end surface polishing has been completed is led to a plate collecting step 32 after undergoing washing and drying steps. In this process, dimensional check, defective product inspection, and sorting work for plate making are performed. The plate-picking step 32 is provided with a rectangular coordinate system positioning / measuring system similar to the marking step 15. 33,34
Are pressure rods in the line width direction and the line flow direction, respectively. 35x and 35y are length measuring heads integrated with the pressing rods 33 and 34, and 36x and 36y are digital scales along the orthogonal coordinates.

The output of the length measuring heads 35x and 35y is the management computer 1
And the dimensional measurements are calculated. The measured values are collated with the cut-up ranking table according to the collation program similar to FIG.
The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the plate glass 16 are specified. If there is a corresponding size that matches the measured value in the cut-up ranking table, CRT3
The content of the instruction of the corresponding dimension and the OK mark are displayed at 9. The instruction content is sorting data that specifies the manufactured items such as the order number, dimensions, and mark type. This enables sorting work. Further, the printer 40 prints out the instruction content as a display label for each plate glass 16.

If the corresponding size is not in the ranking table, an error (defective)
The indicator lamp 41 is turned on.

The sorting operator checks defective products in the plate-drawing process, and when visual inspection finds a defect, he or she uses the keyboard 42 to
Enter the code of the defect type (chip or crack) for the item of the rank No. of this dimension displayed on the CRT 39.
The management computer 1 refers to this defect input and manages the quantity of the manufacturing process as follows.

In quantity control, the next count value in each process is referred to for each size in the cut-up ranking table.

Cutting process: Number of pieces to be laminated (k) +1 Number of remaining pieces to be laminated (r) -1 Plate-making process: Number of non-defective products (G) +1 Number of defective products (NG) +1 Number of laminated products k is the glass of the corresponding size in the cutting process 4. It is incremented by 1 as the cutout is performed. On the other hand, the remaining number r to be multiplied is the required number n of the cut-up ranking table based on the instruction.
_The value obtained by subtracting 1 from _i each time multiplication is performed, and r =
a n _i -k.

In the plate-drawing step 23, the number of non-defective products (G) for the item of the corresponding size is increased by +1 as a result of collation with the cut-up ranking table.
If it is a defective product, the number of defective products (NG) is incremented by +1 by input from the keyboard 42.

When (NG) is increased by +1, +1 is added to the number of remaining crossings (r) in order to feed this back to the multiplication in the cutting process 4 at the line start end. That is, r = n _i −
It becomes k + NG. Multiplied alignment in the cutting step 4 until overprint remaining number r is zero, i.e. _n i -k + NG =
It continues until it reaches zero.

If the remaining number r is zero, the required number n _i is the total number of multiplications k
The value obtained by subtracting the defective product number (NG) from _(n i = k-NG)
And this matches the number G of non-defective products. That, (a), when multiplied alignment remaining number r becomes zero, to finish working with the cutting process, (b), when the required number n _i is consistent with good number G (n i _{= G)} , To finish the work in the plate-drawing process,
The management computer 1 manages the quantity.

Separately from this, error monitoring is performed by using the above-described dimension matching processing in the marking step 15 and the plate collecting step 32. In each step, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the marking step: dimension matching N1 +1 and the plate-making step: dimension matching N2 +1. The management computer 1 checks N1 and N2, and generates an error output when the number of sheets k to be multiplied k <N1 or N2. Further, when the number of applied sheets k ≧ N1 or N2, it is determined that there is no error.

When the requested number of sheets according to the instruction is satisfied, the result table and the finished slip are printed out from the printer 43. Further, the actual result data is output to the floppy disk 44. This enables the next production plan.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, the present invention can be applied to various production apparatuses other than the sheet glass manufacturing apparatus.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention is a multi-product small lot production process,
Since the manufacturing item and the positioning posture in the process are recognized from the shape measurement value of the manufactured product for each process, and the processing control of each process is performed based on these recognition results, the manufactured products with different shapes are ordered. It is possible to output the appropriate processing control data for each process even when flowing through the line in a non-fixed or indefinite posture, and to build a highly reliable and highly efficient manufacturing line.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a sheet glass showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow chart for identifying (matching) the dimensions (attributes) of the sheet glass. In the reference numerals used in the drawings, 1 ... control and management computer 2 ... glass base plate 4 ... cutting process 5 ... NC cutter 10 ... plate splitting process 15 ... engraving process 16 ... plate glass 17,18 ... … Pressing rod 19x, 19y …… Length measuring head 20 …… Digital scale 21 …… End face polishing process 23 …… Abrading wheel 24 …… Feeding device 25 …… Length measuring head 27,28 …… Abrading wheel 29 …… Position adjustment Device 32 …… Plate making process 33, 34 …… Pressing rod 35x, 35y …… Length measuring head 36x, 36y …… Digital scale 39 …… CRT 40 …… Printer 42 …… It is a keyboard.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A manufacturing apparatus, in which manufactured products having different shapes flow one after another through a series of processes coupled to a management computer in an indefinite posture, wherein at least one of the processes is a coordinate system. Positioning means for positioning at a reference position, measuring means for measuring the dimensions of the manufactured product in accordance with the positioning, and processing in which processing control data is supplied from the management computer based on the dimension data obtained from the measuring means. The management computer collates the dimensional data obtained from the measuring means with a pre-stored attribute table of the manufactured item and positions the manufactured item in the process and the coordinate system. A means for determining each attitude and deriving processing control data corresponding to the manufactured item and the positioning attitude to the processing means based on the determination result Manufacturing apparatus Computer Management, characterized in that. 2. The positioning means, the measuring means and the processing means are provided on a common shaft element movable along the axis of the coordinate system. Computer controlled manufacturing equipment. 3. The computer management according to claim 1, wherein the processing control data includes processing tool selection data or processing tool positioning data corresponding to the manufactured item and positioning posture. Manufacturing equipment. 4. A step of supplying raw materials of manufactured products having different shapes at the starting end of the series of steps, and a sorting step of finished manufactured products at the terminal end, wherein the sorting step is based on the coordinate system of the manufactured products. Positioning means for positioning at a position, and measurement means for measuring the dimensions of the manufactured product in accordance with the positioning, the management computer comprises a memory storing a table of attribute values for each manufactured item and the required production number. , The management computer collates the dimensional data obtained from the measuring means in the sorting step with the attribute value of the manufactured item stored in the memory, and when a match is detected, the production of the manufactured item is required. The computer-controlled manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a production instruction obtained by subtracting 1 from the number is derived to the supply step. 5. The sorting step includes a terminal having a display or a printer connected to the management computer, wherein the management computer stores the dimensional data obtained from the measuring means and the manufactured items stored in the memory. 5. When the matching is detected by comparing with the attribute value, the display of the sorting data for specifying the manufactured item or the printing of the sorting label is executed on the display or the printer. A computer-controlled manufacturing apparatus according to paragraph. 6. An inspection step is included at the end of the series of steps, and the inspection step is provided with an input means for notifying the management computer when a defective product is found, and the management computer has received a defect input. At this time, the computer-controlled manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a production instruction in which 1 is added to the required production number of the corresponding production item is derived to the supply step. 7. The above series of manufacturing processes is a process for manufacturing flat glass, in which one large flat glass plate is divided and cut into small glass plates of various sizes, and a mark is placed at a predetermined position on each small glass plate. The computer-controlled manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a step of marking and polishing an edge.