JPH063738B2 - Thermal battery manufacturing method - Google Patents
Thermal battery manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH063738B2 JPH063738B2 JP60267885A JP26788585A JPH063738B2 JP H063738 B2 JPH063738 B2 JP H063738B2 JP 60267885 A JP60267885 A JP 60267885A JP 26788585 A JP26788585 A JP 26788585A JP H063738 B2 JPH063738 B2 JP H063738B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- negative electrode
- metal powder
- molded body
- thermal battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明はリチウムを負極活物質とする熱電池用リチウム
負極の製造法に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a lithium negative electrode for a thermal battery using lithium as a negative electrode active material.
従来の技術 従来、この種の熱電池はマグネシウムやカルシウムを負
極として用いることが多く、通常わが国で生産されてい
るほとんどの熱電池はこのタイプである。近年、米国を
はじめ欧州で純リチウム又はリチウム合金を負極として
用いる熱電池が研究され、実用化されはじめている。わ
が国でも前述の純リチウム方式とリチウム合金方式（Li
-AlやLi-Siなど）に分れて研究されているが、これらは
電池作動中に純リチウムが液体で、リチウム合金は固体
で電極反応をする違いがある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, thermal batteries of this type often use magnesium or calcium as a negative electrode, and most of the thermal batteries usually produced in Japan are of this type. In recent years, thermal batteries using pure lithium or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode have been studied and put into practical use in Europe including the United States. In Japan, the pure lithium method and the lithium alloy method (Li
-Al and Li-Si, etc.) have been studied separately, but these are the differences in that pure lithium is a liquid while the battery is operating, and lithium alloy is a solid and undergoes an electrode reaction.
この方式では特願昭６０−７０２５５号、同６０−７０
２５６などが知られている。In this system, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 60-70255 and 60-70.
256 and the like are known.
第３図は従来例を示す負極構造図で、１′は負極カッ
プ、３は金属粉末成型体、４は純リチウムであり、それ
ぞれ３，４は単独の層を有している構造であった。FIG. 3 is a negative electrode structure diagram showing a conventional example, 1'is a negative electrode cup, 3 is a metal powder molding, 4 is pure lithium, and 3 and 4 each have a single layer. .
発明が解決しようとする問題点 このような従来の２層構造では、特に金属粉末成型体３
の成型密度が部分的に異なるため、成型密度の低い部分
が構造的に弱くなって、例えば厳しい振動環境下や衝撃
環境下ではその部分が脱落してしまう現象がみられた。
この現象は金属粉末成型体の厚みが1.0mm以上の場合に
は大きな問題とはならないが、0.5mm以下の薄型の場合
には深刻な問題であった。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In such a conventional two-layer structure, especially the metal powder molded body 3
Since the molding densities of the parts are partially different, the part with a low molding density became structurally weak, and there was a phenomenon that the parts fell off under severe vibration environment or impact environment.
This phenomenon is not a serious problem when the thickness of the metal powder molded body is 1.0 mm or more, but it is a serious problem when the metal powder molded body is thin, 0.5 mm or less.
また、電池電圧の立ち上がり時間（起動信号を入れてか
ら電池最大電圧の７０％までに達する時間）も目標とす
る0.5秒以内に納まることができないという問題があっ
た。Further, there is a problem that the rise time of the battery voltage (the time to reach 70% of the maximum battery voltage after the activation signal is input) cannot be set within the target 0.5 seconds.
本発明はこのような問題点の解決をはかるもので、厳し
い種々の使用環境下においても、負極構成が安定で、か
つ電圧立ち上がり時間を改善するために、リチウムを溶
解して金属粉末成型体への含浸工程と冷却化工程と加圧
プレス工程を付加してなる熱電池の製造法を提供するこ
とを目的とするものである。The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and in order to improve the negative electrode configuration and to improve the voltage rise time even under severe various use environments, lithium is dissolved into a metal powder molded body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a thermal battery, which comprises an impregnation step, a cooling step, and a pressure pressing step.
問題点を解決するための手段 この問題点を解決するために本発明は、負極カップに泡
囲された負極構成体のリチウムを溶融させて金属粉末成
型体に含浸させ、その後冷却固化し、のち加圧プレスで
平滑に圧着する製造工程を有したものである。Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, the present invention melts lithium of a negative electrode constituent surrounded by a negative electrode cup and impregnates it into a metal powder molded body, and then cools and solidifies it. It has a manufacturing process of press-bonding smoothly with a pressure press.
作用 この製造法によれば、加熱溶融された溶融リチウムは毛
細管現象にて、金属粉末成型体の細孔部に浸透し、粒子
間の結合剤的な作用をはたす。従ってリチウム単独層や
金属粉末成型層だけという形態をとらず、それぞれが一
体となった形となって、固化した状態ではきわめて強固
な構造となる。しかも、図示していないがリチウムが電
解質層と直接接触し、従来の金属粉末成型体を介して接
触するのとは異なるところから、電圧の立上がり時間も
早めることができる。Action According to this manufacturing method, the molten lithium that is heated and melted penetrates into the pores of the metal powder molded body by a capillary phenomenon, and acts as a binder between particles. Therefore, it does not take the form of only the lithium single layer or the metal powder molding layer, but becomes an integrated form of each and has an extremely strong structure in the solidified state. Moreover, although not shown, lithium directly contacts with the electrolyte layer, which is different from contact with the conventional metal powder molded body, so that the voltage rise time can be shortened.
実施例 以下、本発明の実施例について第１図，第２図ａ．ｂを
参照して説明する。Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 a. This will be described with reference to b.
第１図は工程流れ図で、負極カップの内面に厚さ0.25mm
のリチウム板を配設し樹脂棒などで押えて密着させる。
この上から一定量の鉄粉、ステンレス粉，ニッケル粉な
どのリチウムと合金化しにくい金属粉末を入れ、金型内
で０５tcn／cm2の圧力で成型する。この状態の負極構成
図は第３図のようになっている。以上の工程は全て露点
マイナス４０℃以下のドライエヤー中で、水分を断った
環境で行なう。Fig. 1 is a process flow chart showing the thickness of 0.25mm on the inner surface of the negative electrode cup.
Place the lithium plate of and press it with a resin stick etc. to bring it into close contact.
A certain amount of iron powder, stainless steel powder, nickel powder, or other metal powder that is difficult to alloy with lithium is added from above, and molding is performed in a mold at a pressure of 05 tcn / cm 2 . The negative electrode configuration diagram in this state is as shown in FIG. All of the above steps are performed in a dry air with a dew point of -40 ° C or lower in an environment where moisture is cut off.
次に加熱含浸される工程に移る。まずアルゴンガスを充
填し、酸素濃度２００ppm以下に抑制したドライボック
スを準備する。このボックス中にヒーターを埋設した温
度調節可能な熱板を入れて２５０℃にコントロールし、
この熱板上に前述の工程まで進んだ負極を置いて加熱す
る。第２図ｂのようにこの時リチウムは溶融し金属粉末
成型体に矢印のように含浸していき、その表面５までリ
チウムはにじみ出してくる。この工程は目視で確認でき
る。その後熱板から取出し、常温にもどして冷却し、リ
チウムを固化させる。Next, the process of heat impregnation is performed. First, a dry box in which argon gas is filled and the oxygen concentration is suppressed to 200 ppm or less is prepared. Put a hot plate with a heater embedded in this box and control the temperature to 250 ° C.
The negative electrode that has been subjected to the above steps is placed on this hot plate and heated. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2b, lithium melts and impregnates the metal powder molded body as shown by the arrow, and lithium oozes to the surface 5. This step can be visually confirmed. After that, it is taken out from the hot plate, cooled to room temperature and cooled to solidify lithium.
この状態でリチウムが金属粉末体に含浸され、リチウム
存在部分に空洞層ができ構造が安定化しないため、金型
内に入れて加圧プレス加工して第２図ａの構造とする。In this state, the metal powder body is impregnated with lithium, and a cavity layer is formed in the portion where lithium is present, so that the structure is not stabilized. Therefore, the metal powder body is put into a mold and press-pressed to obtain the structure of FIG. 2a.
以上の様にして得られた熱電池用負極に、図示していな
いが酸化マグネシウムと塩化カリウム・塩化リチウム共
融塩からなる電解質層を加圧成型し、さらにその上から
二硫化鉄を主成分とする正極合剤を入れて、1.2ton／cm
2で加圧成型して素電池を製作した。Although not shown, an electrolyte layer composed of magnesium oxide and potassium chloride / lithium chloride eutectic salt was pressure-molded onto the negative electrode for a thermal battery obtained as described above, and iron disulfide was the main component from above. 1.2ton / cm including positive electrode mixture
A unit cell was manufactured by pressure molding in 2 .
上記素電池と加熱剤を交互に１５枚積層して３０Ｖ型の
熱電池を試作した。尚、起動方法は電気式火玉を用い
た。A 15V thermal battery was manufactured by stacking 15 sheets of the unit cells and the heating agent alternately. An electric fireball was used as the starting method.
第１表は、従来の熱電池と本発明の熱電池の特性比較表
で、それぞれ試験数は５個づつ行ないそ の成功数と平均立ち上がり時間を示したものである。振
動試験は３軸方向に夫々１時間振動を印加した後、加振
中で放電する試験であり、衝撃試験は３軸方向に各３回
づつ加速度１００Ｇを印加させたのち、放電中に衝撃を
加える試験を採用した。Table 1 is a characteristic comparison table of the conventional thermal battery and the thermal battery of the present invention. The number of tests is 5 each. Shows the number of successes and the average rise time. The vibration test is a test in which vibration is applied for 1 hour in each of the three axis directions and then discharged during vibration. In the shock test, after applying an acceleration of 100 G three times in each of the three axis directions, a shock is applied during discharge. Adopted additional tests.
前記の結果から、本発明例の場合各種環境条件を印加し
ても不具合は発生せず、しかも電圧の立上がり時間も目
標とする0.5秒以内に入るようになり、いずれの目標も
達成するという効果が得られた。From the above results, in the case of the present invention example, no problem occurs even if various environmental conditions are applied, and the rise time of the voltage is within the target 0.5 seconds, which is an effect of achieving any of the targets. was gotten.
発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば、予めリチウムを加熱溶融
して金属粉末成型体に含浸させたのち、リチウムを固化
させたものであるので、金属粉末成型体に若干の密度バ
ラツキがあったとしても、リチウムが一種の結合剤の働
らきをして強固な構造体となって耐環境性が向上でき
る。またリチウムが金属粉末成型体の表面まできてお
り、電解質層と直接的に接しているため、電圧の立上が
り時間を早めることができる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, since lithium is solidified by heating and melting lithium in advance to impregnate the metal powder molded body, there is some density variation in the metal powder molded body. Even if it exists, lithium acts as a kind of binder to form a strong structure, which can improve the environmental resistance. Further, since the lithium is formed on the surface of the metal powder molded body and is in direct contact with the electrolyte layer, the rise time of voltage can be shortened.
第１図は本発明の負極製造法に関する工程流れ図、第２
図ａ，ｂは同工程を経て得た負極の断面図、第３図は従
来の負極の断面図である。 １……負極カップ、２……リチウム含浸成型体。FIG. 1 is a process flow chart relating to the negative electrode manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIG.
FIGS. A and b are cross-sectional views of a negative electrode obtained through the same process, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional negative electrode. 1 ... Negative electrode cup, 2 ... Lithium impregnated molded body.
Claims (1)
内面に配設し、金属粉末成型体と共に負極カップにて包
囲された負極構成体を作る工程と、次に不活性ガス中で
リチウムの融点以上に加熱してリチウムを金属粉末成型
体に含浸させる工程と、リチウムを冷却固化させる工程
と、加圧プレスで平面加工する工程とを有する熱電池の
製造法。1. A step of arranging lithium, which is a negative electrode active material, on the inner surface of a negative electrode cup to form a negative electrode structure surrounded by the negative electrode cup together with a metal powder molded body, and then forming lithium negative electrode in an inert gas. A method of manufacturing a thermal battery, comprising: a step of heating above a melting point to impregnate a metal powder molded body with lithium; a step of cooling and solidifying lithium; and a step of planarizing with a pressure press.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60267885A JPH063738B2 (en) | 1985-11-28 | 1985-11-28 | Thermal battery manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60267885A JPH063738B2 (en) | 1985-11-28 | 1985-11-28 | Thermal battery manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62128455A JPS62128455A (en) | 1987-06-10 |
| JPH063738B2 true JPH063738B2 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
Family
ID=17450980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60267885A Expired - Lifetime JPH063738B2 (en) | 1985-11-28 | 1985-11-28 | Thermal battery manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH063738B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU195695U1 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-02-04 | Акционерное общество "Энергия" | THERMAL CHEMICAL SOURCE |
-
1985
- 1985-11-28 JP JP60267885A patent/JPH063738B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62128455A (en) | 1987-06-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |