JPH0637789B2 - Construction method of building - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction method for a building constructed using PC (precast) panels.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, when constructing a building, a prefab construction method using a PC (precast) panel for a wall, a handrail, etc. has been widely used. The PC panel is a concrete plate preliminarily molded into a predetermined shape and size, and a wall, a handrail, and the like are formed only by attaching the concrete plate at a predetermined position, so that it is possible to significantly reduce the construction period.

By the way, the conventionally used PC panel is generally heavy because it is a concrete plate having a predetermined thickness as described above, and it is inconvenient to handle the PC panel during transportation or mounting work. Therefore, it is desired to reduce the weight of the PC panel. For example, it has been considered to make the PC panel thin or to provide a hollow portion inside the PC panel.

In addition, the conventional PC panel does not have good heat insulation performance, so when it is used in parts such as outer walls that require high heat insulation performance,
A measure such as pasting a heat insulating material on this PC panel or integrating two heat insulating materials with two PC panels (so-called sandwich panel) is taken.

“Problems to be solved by the invention” However, as described above, in order to reduce the weight, the PC
Thinning the panel has a problem in strength, and a PC panel having a hollow portion inside is expensive because it is difficult to efficiently manufacture the PC panel at a low cost, and it is not generally used. There was a problem of not having.

In addition, attaching a heat insulating material to improve the heat insulating performance of the PC panel or making it into a sandwich panel has a problem that it requires labor for the work and the construction cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method for constructing a building using a PC panel that is sufficiently lightweight, secures strength, and has good heat insulation performance.

"Means for Solving Problems" In the construction method of the building of the present invention, a double-skin PC panel formed by connecting and fixing two PC plates, which are opposed to each other with a predetermined gap therebetween, by a reinforcing bar to an outer wall and a floor. A method of constructing a building, which is used as a slab and is joined to a double-skin PC panel that is an outer wall and a double-skin PC panel that is a floor slab through a reinforced concrete beam, and is a double-skin PC that is an outer wall. The bottom formwork and side formwork of the beam are preliminarily attached to the inside of the upper end of the panel and the inside of the end of the double-skin PC panel that serves as a floor slab, and a double-skin PC panel that serves as an outer wall is erected. By supporting the end of the double-skin PC panel, which will later become the floor slab, on the upper end of the double-skin PC panel, the double-skin PC panels are connected to each other. A beam form is formed at the joint part by the bottom form, the side form, and the PC plate of each double-skin PC panel, and concrete is placed in the beam form to form the beam. It is a thing.

[Operation] The method of the present invention uses a double-skin PC panel, which is formed by connecting and fixing two PC plates facing each other with a predetermined gap, as an outer wall and a floor slab, and these PC panels are made of a reinforced concrete structure. A building is constructed by joining them together through beams. And, especially in the method of the present invention, a double-skin PC serving as an outer wall
The bottom form and the side form of the beam are pre-loaded inside the double-skin PC panel, which will be the panel and the floor slab, and the beam form can be automatically assembled by assembling these PC panels. , Beams made of reinforced concrete can be easily constructed.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

First, the structure of a double-skin PC panel A used in a building constructed by the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a side view of the double-skin PC panel A, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a part of the double-skin PC panel A in an enlarged manner.
The figure is a partial plan view. As shown in these drawings, this double-skin PC panel A is composed of two PC plates 1a and 1b facing each other and a truss-shaped reinforcing bar 2 which fixes the PC plates 1a and 1b to each other. It is configured. The PC boards 1a and 1b are formed by concrete or mortar into a plate shape, and mesh-shaped rebars 3a and 3b are embedded therein.
Then, the lower end of the truss-shaped reinforcing bar 2 is fixed to the mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3a embedded in the lower PC plate 1a by welding or the like, and the mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3b in the upper PC plate 1b is fixed to the mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3b. The upper end of the truss-shaped reinforcing bar 2 is fixed. As a result, the truss-shaped reinforcing bar 2 has its lower end and upper end embedded in the PC boards 1a and 1b,
Both PC boards 1a, 1b are fixed to each other, and both PC boards 1a, 1b
The air layer 4 is formed between b. In addition,
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of truss-shaped reinforcing bars 2 are provided in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals.

This double skin PC panel A having the above configuration is
In the case where it has a multi-layer structure composed of two PC plates 1a and 1b and an air layer 4, and the overall thickness dimension thereof is about the same as that of a conventional PC panel having a single structure of concrete or mortar. It is extremely lightweight. And
Since the two PC plates 1a, 1b are fixed to each other by the truss-shaped rebars 2, ... Even if a load is applied to the PC plates 1a, 1b, the PC plates 1a, 1b can be prevented from bending and have sufficient strength. is there.

Further, when this double-skin PC panel A is used as a wall or slab of a building, the air layer 4 acts as a heat insulating layer, so that it has excellent heat insulating performance without requiring a heat insulating material. Further, the air layer 4 can be used as a space for passing, for example, an electric pipe or the like.

Next, a method of manufacturing the above double skin PC panel A will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, a substantially horizontal lower formwork 5 is installed in a work place or the like, and a horizontal form is formed around the peripheral part of the lower formwork 5 according to the plane shape of the double-skin PC panel to be manufactured. The frame 6 is installed. Inside the horizontal form 6, mesh-shaped rebars 3a and 3b, which are connected to each other in advance by truss-shaped rebars 2 ...
One end of the support members 7, 7 temporarily fixed to the base is supported and arranged by the mounts 8, 8. At this time, a gap of about half the thickness of the lower PC plate 1a to be molded is formed between the lower end of the lower mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3a and the upper surface of the lower mold 5. The size of this gap can be easily and accurately set by adjusting the height of the mounts 8 and 8.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, inside the horizontal formwork 6, 6, ...
Concrete or mortar is cast, the lower mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3a and the lower end of the truss-shaped reinforcing bar 2 are buried, a PC plate 1a having a predetermined thickness is molded, and steam curing is performed until it hardens to a sufficient strength. After sufficient strength is secured, the supporting members 7, 7 and the pedestals 8, 8 are to be removed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, sand is introduced into the horizontal molds 6 and 6 to form a sand layer 9 on the upper surface of the PC plate 1a, and water is sprayed on the upper surface of the sand layer 9 to sufficiently perform the operation. Flatten. Between the upper surface of the sand layer 9 and the upper mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 3b,
A gap of about half the thickness of the upper PC plate 1b to be molded is formed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, concrete or mortar is placed inside the horizontal molds 6 and 6 to bury the upper mesh-shaped rebars 3b and the upper ends of the truss-shaped rebars 2. The plate 1b is molded and steam-cured until it hardens to a sufficient strength.

After that, the horizontal molds 6 and 6 are disassembled as shown in FIG. 8, and then this PC panel is lifted and tilted on one side as shown in FIG. 9 by a crane or the like so that the sand layer 9 is removed from both PC plates 1a and 1b. Remove from the space. The double skin PC panel A shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured by the above procedure.

As described above, in this manufacturing method, the sand layer 9 is used as the lower mold of the upper PC plate 1b, and the air layer 4 of the double-skin PC panel A is formed by taking out the sand layer 9, so that it is easy. Since the air layer 4 can be formed, and this sand can be easily and quickly removed, and it can be repeatedly used, there is an effect that the manufacturing cost is low.

The structure of the double-skin PC panel A and the manufacturing method thereof have been described above. Next, the double-skin PC panel A
A building constructed by using as an outer wall and a floor slab will be described with reference to FIG. In the building shown in FIG. 10, a double-skin PC panel A ₁ is used for the outer wall, and the indoor PC board 1b of this PC panel A ₁ is shorter than the outdoor PC board 1a. , One end of the PC panel A ₂ used for the floor slab is attached, and the beam 10 is formed at the joint portion of the PC panel A ₁ and the PC panel A ₂ .
And PC panels A ₂ which is a PC panel A ₁ and the floor slab made of an outer wall through the beams 10 are joined. This beam 1
0 is the same as the beam in the conventional reinforced concrete construction, but when the beam 10 is molded, the beam 1 is attached to the upper portion of the PC panel A ₁ and one end of the PC panel A ₂ , respectively.
Styrofoam 11,1 to be 0 bottom mold and side mold
2 is attached in advance, and when the PC panels A ₁ and A ₂ are assembled, a beam form is automatically formed by the expanded polystyrene 11, 12 and each PC plate 1a, 1b. Concrete will be cast. In addition, the PC panel A for the outer wall is provided on the upper portion of the beam 10.
_When attaching the beam 1, the anchor rebar 13 is attached to the beam 10, and the mortar 15 is put into the air layer 4 through the hole or the slit 14 provided in the lower portion of the PC panel A ₁ to attach the beam 10 and the PC panel A. The lower end of ₁ is integrated.

As described above, in the building constructed by using the double-skin PC panels A ₁ and A ₂ , the outer wall and the floor slab can be easily assembled, and the air layer 4 part is formed into the beam shape or the pillar shape. It can be used as a mold. Also,
Since the air layer 4 of the PC panels A ₁ and A ₂ serves as a heat insulating layer,
Buildings with high heat insulation can be constructed without the need for any heat insulating material. Further, an electric pipe 16 or a cable can be passed through the air layer 4 as shown by a broken line in FIG. 10, and the electric pipe 16 or the cable can be used in a conventional PC.
When using a panel, it is possible to perform replacement work at a later date, which was impossible because it was driven into the PC panel.
Interior modification work (for example, changing the position of partition walls)
Can also be accommodated. If the wall or slab is required to have sound insulation performance, it may be possible to refill the air layer 4 with sand.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the double-skin PC panel of the above-described embodiment, a plurality of truss-shaped reinforcing bars parallel to each other are used as the reinforcing bars for fixing the two PC plates to each other. (Also in the vertical direction in the figure). Of course, this rebar is not limited to the truss shape, and both ends may be embedded in the two PC plates, and the rebar and the mesh-shaped rebar of the PC plate may not necessarily be fixed. Of course, the PC plate is not necessarily provided with mesh-shaped reinforcing bars.

Regarding the method for manufacturing the double-skin PC panel described above, the concrete of the first PC plate was placed after the reinforcing bars were placed in the above-mentioned embodiment. Before the concrete is sufficiently hardened, the reinforcing bar may be embedded in the concrete so that the frame for supporting the reinforcing bar and the supporting member may be omitted. Further, the mesh-shaped reinforcing bars and the truss-shaped reinforcing bars of the PC plate may be used separately without being connected, and of course, the shapes of these reinforcing bars are not limited to the mesh shape and the truss shape.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above in detail, in the method for constructing a building of the present invention, a double-skin PC panel in which two PC plates facing each other with a predetermined gap are connected and fixed to each other by a reinforcing bar. Is used as an outer wall and a floor slab, and a double-skin PC panel that is an outer wall and a double-skin PC panel that is a floor slab are joined together through a reinforced concrete beam, and a double-skin PC panel that is an outer wall and a floor slab. Since the bottom formwork and side formwork of the beam are pre-installed inside the, respectively, the beam formwork is formed by assembling those panels, thus simplifying the construction of reinforced concrete beams. In addition to being able to contribute to shortening the construction period.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 are views showing a schematic structure of a double-skin PC panel used in a building constructed by the method of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged side sectional view, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view. 4 to 9 are views for explaining the procedure for manufacturing the double-skin PC panel. FIG. 4 shows a state in which reinforcing bars are arranged in the form, and FIG. 5 shows the first PC. Fig. 6 shows the state in which the sand layer has been formed, Fig. 7 shows the state in which the second PC plate has been formed, Fig. 8 shows the state in which the formwork has been dismantled, and Fig. 9 shows the sand layer taken out. It is a figure which respectively shows a state. FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the method of the present invention, and is a partial vertical sectional view of a building constructed by the method. A, A ₁ , A ₂ ... Double skin PC panel, 1a, 1b
...... PC plate, 2 ・ ・ ・ Reinforcing bar, 10 …… Beam, 11 …… Styrofoam (bottom form), 12 …… Styrofoam (side form).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two Ps arranged facing each other with a predetermined space therebetween.
A double-skin PC panel made by connecting and fixing C plates to each other with a reinforcing bar is used as an outer wall and a floor slab, and a double-skin PC panel serving as an outer wall and a double-skin PC panel serving as a floor slab are joined together through a reinforced concrete beam. A method of constructing a building consisting of
Inside the upper edge of the double-skin PC panel that will be the outer wall and the inner edge of the double-skin PC panel that will be the floor slab,
By attaching the bottom formwork and the side formwork of the beam in advance respectively, and by erected the double skin PC panel which becomes the outer wall, and by supporting the end part of the double skin PC panel which becomes the floor slab at the upper end thereof, A beam form is formed at the joint between the double skin PC panels by the bottom form and side forms and the PC plate of each double skin PC panel, and concrete is placed in the beam form to form the beam. A method of constructing a building characterized by forming.