JPH0638910B2 - Granule processing method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a technique for treating powder and granules, in particular, granulation, coating, mixing by fluidizing the powder and granules by the action of a gas supplied into a container. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating powder and granules, which is effective when used for performing treatments such as drying.

[Conventional technology]

Various techniques have been proposed for performing treatments such as granulation, coating, mixing, and drying on powdered or granular materials such as powders or granular raw materials such as foods and pharmaceuticals. As one of them, there is a fluidized bed type granular material treatment technique for performing a desired treatment by fluidizing the granular material with a gas flow supplied into the container, which has been widely used from the past.

By the way, as one of such powdery or granular material processing devices, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-73041, gas is supplied into the powdery or granular material through an immersion pipe inserted from above in a substantially spherical container. By doing so, it is disclosed that the granular material is fluidized and a desired treatment is performed. This type of device has a simple structure and can relatively well perform granulation and coating.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, since the fluidized bed apparatus causes the gas jetted downward from the dip tube to be deflected outward in the radial direction at the bottom of the basin-shaped container to rise, the force of the gas flow is weakened by collision with the bottom of the container. And due to the loss of power at that time,
The fluidizing effect of the gas stream may not always be sufficient. In addition, since this gas flow rises in the powder fluid layer filled in the container, there is a tendency for the gas flow to pass intensively only in the weak part of the powder fluid layer, and especially in a large apparatus. This tendency is strong because it causes energy loss to overcome the pressure of the granular material layer. As a result, the contact between the gas flow and the granular material is not always uniform, and dead spaces are formed in the container, resulting in agglomerates and unprocessed parts such as uncoated materials and undried materials. There are problems such as.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to uniformly and surely make contact between powder and granular material, which is a raw material to be processed, uniformly and reliably, and to prevent dead particles in a container. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for treating powder and granules, which can efficiently perform good treatment without forming a space or causing defective treatment such as agglomeration, uncoating or undried.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a guide pipe separately from a gas supply pipe for supplying a fluidizing gas downward in a container, and guides the gas through a guide space formed by the guide pipe. After raising the granular material, it is discharged and diffused from the upper part of the guide tube to the outside in the radial direction into the container, and further descends,
By forming a flow circulation system that raises the inside of the guide space again, the kinetic energy of the air flow is effectively used, and the contact between the powder and the particles is uniformly distributed in the guide space and the like, It can be performed uniformly and surely, and the above-mentioned object can be surely achieved.

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the container 1 for filling the raw material powder and processing it by fluidization has a lower cylindrical portion, an upper portion thereof an inclined portion, and an upper portion thereof a large diameter cylindrical portion. It is a cylindrical structure with an inclined portion. The container 1 is usually made of metal, but it can also be made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic so that the inside of the container can be visually recognized. A gas supply pipe 2 that is inserted into the container 1 from the side of the container 1 and is bent so that a tip portion thereof vertically descends extends in a substantially axial center portion inside the container 1 in a downward direction. , Its lower end terminates near the bottom of the container 1 and opens. This gas supply pipe 2
Is for downwardly supplying a gas such as a heating gas for fluidizing the powdery fluid raw material into the container 1.

A guide tube 3 is coaxially arranged outside the vertically extending portion of the gas supply tube 2 to guide the gas supplied downward from the lower end of the gas supply tube 2 and to raise the gas together with the granular material. Has been done. That is, since the guide pipe 3 is provided, the annular guide space 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape between the outer circumference of the gas supply pipe 2 and the inner circumference of the guide pipe 3, and the annular guide space 4 faces downward from the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2. The gas supplied to the gas is passed through the guide space 4 and is raised together with the granular material. And
Since the powder and granules ascending in the guide space 4 ascend in a dispersed state, the gas and the powder and granules are uniformly and reliably contacted with each other in the guide space 4, resulting in high efficiency. The treatment can be favorably performed.

Since the gas supplied downward from the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2 is deflected upward to raise the inside of the guide space 4,
At a position facing the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2 in the central portion of the bottom of the container 1, an upward concave curved surface 5a for receiving gas from the gas supply pipe 2 and making the gas flow in the direction of the guide space 4 is formed. A product discharge valve 5 having a
Therefore, the product discharge valve 5 raises the product processed in the container 1 by raising the product discharge valve 5 from a position shown by a lifting mechanism (not shown) such as a cylinder or a rack / worm mechanism which is fluid-operated together with the shaft 6. It is configured to be discharged downward through the discharge passage 7. Further, by making the pressure inside the container 1 negative, the raw material can be sucked and supplied into the apparatus from the lower end of the product discharge passage 7.

In addition, since the gas from the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2 is deflected upward in the direction of the guide space 4, a binder for granulating or coating the granular material in the container 1 is provided at the bottom of the container 1. A nozzle 8 for supplying both or one or both of liquid and powder is arranged toward the guide space 4. Of course, the nozzle 8 may be a two-fluid nozzle or a three-fluid nozzle that supplies the binder liquid and the deflecting gas, or may be a nozzle that supplies only the deflecting gas. However, in the latter case, both or one of the liquid and powder supply nozzles 8a may be provided as shown by the chain double-dashed line.

On the other hand, on the upper part of the container 1, a downward concave surface-shaped deflecting plate 9 for smoothly deflecting the upward flow of the gas and the granular material in the guide space 4 outward in the radial direction and downward is supplied. It is supported by the tube 2.

Further, a bag filter 11 is provided above the deflecting plate 9 to prevent the fine powder from being dispersed outside the system. Further, a gas discharge port 12 is opened in the upper part of the container 1 above the bag filter 11. In the container of this embodiment, the upper portion provided with the bag filter 11 and the like is separated from the lower portion, and the upper portion may be opened by a hinge or the like (not shown) for cleaning or feeding of the granular material. It is possible.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, a predetermined amount of powdery or granular material is charged into the container 1, and a required gas such as heating gas for fluidization is supplied downward from the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2 to the bottom of the container 1, and at the same time from the nozzle 8. A liquid such as a binder liquid and / or a gas is ejected toward the lower part of the guide space 4.

As a result, the gas supplied downward from the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2 is deflected upward by the action of the curved surface 5a of the product discharge valve 5 therebelow, and is also deflected upward by the jetting force of the fluid from the nozzle 8. Then, the inside of the guide space 4 is raised. Due to the force of this rising gas flow, the granular material in the container 1 rises in the guide space 4 together with the rising gas flow without causing a short path to the outside in the radial direction of the bottom wall surface of the container 1, It is ejected from above the guide tube 3 and is deflected radially outward and downward by the deflecting plate 9. After that, the granular material drops in the container 1 by gravity,
The inside of the guide space 4 is raised again together with the rising gas flow.

Therefore, in the container 1, the gas that rises in the guide space 4 from the gas supply pipe 2 and is deflected outward in the radial direction, falls along the inner wall surface of the container 1, and rises in the guide space 4 again. And a circulating stream of granular material is formed. In the lower part of this container 1, the deflected flow of the supply gas and the nozzle 8
A stable fluidized bed is formed by the action of the air flow,
The granular material is subjected to desired granulation and coating by the action of the binder liquid or the like supplied from the nozzle 8 or 8a, and is dried by rising in the guide space 4.

Further, the granular material comes into frictional contact with the outer surface of the gas supply pipe 2 and the inner surface of the guide pipe 3 while rising in the guide space 4, and also with the deflecting surface of the deflecting plate 9 and further with the inner wall surface of the container 1. By contacting each other or contacting each other with each other, the spreading of the coating liquid film adhering to the particles is promoted, and the coating particles or spherical particle products with an extremely glossy film can be efficiently obtained. be able to.

In particular, since the temperatures of the outer surface of the gas supply pipe 2 and the deflecting surface of the deflecting plate 9 become high, the above action is promoted by the contact of the powdery particles with these surfaces.

Moreover, since the dead space in which the powder and granules stay is not formed in the container 1, it is possible to surely perform uniform processing without forming aggregated particles or defective processing such as uncoated or undried. You can

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The container 1 in the apparatus according to the second embodiment has a substantially cylindrical shape except that the bottom portion is formed into a curved surface shape so that a circulating flow of gas and powdery particles can be smoothly formed.

In the lower part of the container 1, the auxiliary gas is ejected into the container 1 from the auxiliary gas ejection port 13a around the nozzle 8 to make the nozzle 8
An auxiliary gas supply mechanism 13 is provided for stabilizing the spraying of the binder liquid or the like from the gas supply pipe and for promoting the ascending action of the gas from the gas supply pipe 2 into the guide space 4.

Furthermore, when the granular material is rubbed with each other in the container 1 and with the inner wall surface of the container, static electricity is generated, and the adhesive force of the static electricity may hinder the smooth movement of the granular material. Sparks caused by static electricity can cause a dust explosion. Therefore, in the second embodiment, in order to remove the high-voltage static electricity, the container 1
Conductive wire such as metal wire or carbon fiber embedded in the inside 14
a, and this conductive wire 14a are electrically connected and the container 1
A static electricity removing mechanism 14 having a conductive pin 14b partially protruding therein is provided.

Further, although the deflecting plate 9 is not separately provided in the second embodiment,
Even if the inner surface of the upper wall portion of the container 1 is shaped so that the flow of the circulating gas does not become stagnant as in the second embodiment, those essential functions related to the deflection of the gas flow are those of the first embodiment. Is substantially the same as.

Also in the second embodiment, the guide tube 3 is disposed outside the gas supply tube 2 and the guide space 4 is formed between the two tubes 2 and 3, so that the powder particles in the container 1 and the gas supply tube 2 are formed. Since the gas from the ascends smoothly in the guide space 4, the powdery or granular material can be uniformly and surely processed, and no aggregated particles or unprocessed defects are generated.

Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the liquid spray from the nozzle 8 is stabilized by the action of the auxiliary gas by the auxiliary gas supply mechanism 13, and the formation of the upward flow of the gas and the granular material into the guide space 4 is promoted. Is planned.

Moreover, according to the second embodiment, the static electricity removing mechanism 14 can prevent the accumulation of high-voltage static electricity in the container 1 and the explosion caused thereby.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

In the third embodiment, the container 1 has a lower main processing part having a substantially spherical shape and an upper part having a cylindrical shape. An auxiliary gas supply mechanism 13 including a hollow donut-shaped annular nozzle 13b is provided near the nozzle at the bottom of the container 1, and the auxiliary gas ejection port 13c of the annular nozzle 13b supplies the auxiliary gas downward in the guide space 4. Oriented to eject. A plurality of the auxiliary gas ejection ports 13c may be formed discontinuously along the annular nozzle 13b as in the illustrated example, but may also be formed as an ejection port structure continuous in an annular slit shape.

Further, in the third embodiment, a gas inflow portion for intermittently flowing gas into the container 1 in the vicinity of the bottom portion where the raw material for powder and granular material is likely to stay in the container 1 to prevent the powder and granular material from staying in that portion. 15 and a valve 17 for controlling the supply of gas from the gas source 16 are provided.

The gas inflow portion 15 is formed of a breathable material such as a sintered metal or a filter cloth. The gas inflow portion 15 has a function of preventing non-uniformity of the circulating flow of the granular material in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the container 1 in addition to preventing the accumulation of the granular material and the aggregation of the granular material. Can be provided at a plurality of positions, so that it is possible to prevent the powdery or granular material treatment from becoming partially non-uniform, and it is possible to promote the drying and save the gas amount.

Further, in the third embodiment, the bag filter 11 is provided in the upper portion of the container 1, and the substantially L-shaped rotary nozzle 18 is provided above the bag filter 11. The rotary nozzle 18 is provided with a plurality of fluid ejection ports 18a that open downward, and is rotatable about a vertical axis in the rotary joint 19 by a driving means (not shown). The rotating nozzle 18 can prevent clogging of the bag filter 11 that collects dust generated in the container 1 and maintain a stable air flow.

Also in the third embodiment, in addition to the uniform and reliable processing by the guide tube 3 and the like as in the first and second embodiments, and the static electricity removing effect by the static electricity removing mechanism 14,
In addition to stabilizing the spray by the annular nozzle 13b, promoting the rise of gas and powder or granular material, preventing the powder or granular material from accumulating by the gas inflow part 15 and making it uniform, the bag nozzle 11 can be cleaned well by the rotary nozzle 18. It is possible to synergistically exert various excellent effects such as the above.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
Various other modifications are possible.

For example, the shape of the container can be changed to another shape, and the size and structure of the guide pipe and the gas supply pipe can be changed. Further, the guide pipe may be provided separately from the gas supply pipe in addition to being coaxially provided on the outside of the gas supply pipe, and further, the height position of at least one of the gas supply pipe and the guide pipe can be adjusted, It is also possible to perform an optimum treatment according to the treatment conditions such as the amount of the raw material for the granular material.

Furthermore, the device of the present invention can be widely applied to various treatments of materials other than medicines and foods.

〔The invention's effect〕

(1). A gas for fluidizing the powder or granular material is supplied from above into a container containing the powder or granular material, and this gas is forcibly guided upward in the guide means inside the container, and By entraining the particulates in the gas flow in the direction, returning the flow of the particulates that has risen with the gas flow through the guide means into the container, and recirculating in the guide means again, Since the granular material can uniformly contact with the gas while smoothly rising in the guide means along with the gas flow in a dispersed state,
The granular material can be uniformly and surely subjected to a desired treatment.

(2). A container for containing and processing the powder and granules, and a gas supply pipe in which at least a tip portion is inserted into the container from above and a gas for fluidizing the powder and granules is supplied into the container from the lower end thereof. A guide pipe which is provided on the outside of the gas supply pipe and forms a guide space for ascending the powdery particles and the gas with the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply pipe, and is jetted from the lower end portion of the gas supply pipe. The gas supplied downward from the gas supply pipe into the container is made smooth by dispersing the powder and granules in the guide space. Since it can be raised, it is possible to uniformly and surely contact the powder and granules with the gas, and efficient treatment is possible.

(3). By the above (2), the circulation flow of the powder and granules in the container is smoothly performed, and a dead space is not formed,
It is possible to reliably prevent agglomeration of the powder or granules and the occurrence of unprocessed portions such as uncoated or undried.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a powder or granular material processing apparatus according to another embodiment. 1 ... Container, 2 ... Gas supply pipe, 3 ... Guide pipe, 4 ... Guide space, 5 ... Product discharge valve, 5a ... Curved surface, 6 ... Shaft, 7 ... Product discharge passage, 8, 8a ... Nozzle, 9 ... Deflection plate, 11 ... Bag filter, 12 ... Guide discharge port, 13 ... Auxiliary gas supply mechanism, 13a ... Auxiliary gas ejection port, 13b ... Annular nozzle, 13c ... Auxiliary Gas ejection port, 14 ... Static electricity removing mechanism, 14a ... Conductive wire, 14b ... Conductive pin, 15 ... Gas inflow part, 16 ... Gas source, 17 ... Valve, 18 ... Rotating nozzle, 18a ... Fluid jet, 19 ... Rotary joint.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A gas for fluidizing the powder or granular material is supplied from above into a container containing the powder or granular material, and this gas is forced upward in the guide means inside the container. The powder is entrained in the upward gas flow along with the guide, and the flow of the powder and granules, which has passed through the guide means and has risen together with the gas flow, is returned into the container, and again into the guide means. Circulating powder and granular material processing method. 2. The gas supplied from above into the container rises together with the granular material while being guided in the guide means in a direction substantially opposite to the gas flow supply direction. The method for treating powdery or granular material according to claim 1. 3. A container for accommodating and processing powder and granules, and at least a tip portion thereof is inserted into the container from above, and a gas for fluidizing the powder and granules is supplied into the container from the lower end thereof. Of the gas supply pipe, and a guide pipe provided outside the gas supply pipe to form a guide space for ascending the granular material and gas between the gas supply pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply pipe; A powdery or granular material processing device comprising: a nozzle for ejecting a fluid, which raises gas ejected from a lower end portion toward the guide space. 4. The liquid supply nozzle for supplying a liquid to a powder or granular material, the nozzle being in the vicinity of the liquid supply nozzle.
The powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a mechanism for supplying a gas that assists the supply of the liquid. 5. The gas supply mechanism for supplying gas for assisting the supply of the liquid is a gas supply mechanism having continuous or discontinuous gas injection holes for ejecting gas toward the guide space. The powder or granular material processing device according to claim 4. 6. A nozzle mechanism for supplying a gas for assisting the supply of a liquid, which is a nozzle mechanism for ejecting a gas from the periphery of the liquid supply nozzle toward the guide space. The granular material processing device according to item 4. 7. The powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle is a nozzle for ejecting a rising gas toward the lower part of the guide space. 8. A deflecting means is disposed above the guide space for deflecting the flow of the powdery particles and the gas rising through the guide space to the outer side in the radial direction of the container. The powder or granular material processing device according to claim 3. 9. A rotary nozzle for ejecting a fluid for cleaning a filtering surface while rotating around a vertical axis in the container is disposed in the container above the guide space. The powder or granular material processing device according to claim 3. 10. A container near the bottom of the container is provided with one or two or more gas inflow parts for supplying gas toward the inside of the container.
The granular material processing device according to the item. 11. The powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein at least a part of the container is provided with static electricity removing means for removing static electricity generated in the container. 12. The powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the height position of at least one of the gas supply pipe and the guide pipe can be adjusted. 13. The powdery or granular material processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the tip of the gas supply pipe is above the tip of the guide pipe.