JPH0639051B2 - Method and apparatus for measuring runout of whetstone part of whetstone tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a numerical control (hereinafter NC) for processing a difficult-to-cut material such as ceramics while automatically exchanging a grindstone tool (hereinafter, referred to as a grindstone), especially a diamond grindstone. Description) In a machine tool, the present invention relates to a measurement processing method and an apparatus for measuring the deflection accuracy of a diamond grindstone mounted on a spindle with respect to a spindle rotation center and correcting the deflection accuracy based on the measurement result.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in an NC machine tool that processes a difficult-to-cut material such as ceramics with a grindstone or a diamond grindstone, it has been required to measure the runout accuracy of the grindstone or the diamond grindstone. As the method, since the measurement target is a grindstone or a diamond grindstone having a very hard grindstone portion and the shake measurement needs to be performed by rotating the main shaft, a non-contact shake measurement device (for example, a capacitance type , Air micrometer type, light reflection type, etc.) were considered.

On the other hand, in NC machine tools that process difficult-to-cut materials such as ceramics with diamond grindstones, etc., since the wobble measuring device of the grindstone has not been developed, the whetstone part is dressed by a dressing device at regular intervals or at regular intervals. Was there.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the non-contact type run-out measuring device that has been studied conventionally has a problem that it is easily affected by disturbance (cutting agent, grinding agent, etc.) and that the shape of the grindstone portion and the material of the grindstone portion are limited. . In addition, a contact-type shake measuring device was also examined, but there was a problem of wear of the contactor portion.

Further, in the conventional method of measuring the wobble of the whetstone, the whetstone portion is dressed at regular intervals or at regular time intervals from the experience value so far to sharpen the whetstone portion of the grindstone or the diamond grindstone and correct the runout. However, there is a problem that dressing tends to be performed early so as to prevent defective products from being produced and processing efficiency is lowered.
Further, as a cause of the wobble of the grindstone portion of the grindstone tool in a machine tool equipped with an ATC (automatic tool changer), when the grindstone tool is mounted on the spindle, minute dust or the like is present in the tool mount portion of the spindle. There are two types, one is due to a mounting error due to the other, and the other is due to wear of the grindstone portion due to processing. The former wobbling of the grindstone tends to remove the dust by the air blow ejected from the inside of the spindle during the tool changing operation, but the dust may not be completely removed by the air blow during this operation. Further, the wobbling of the grindstone due to the latter needs to be removed by dressing the whetstone portion, but the conventional one cannot discriminate the cause of the wobbling of the whetstone portion and take an appropriate treatment according to the cause.

The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and is free from the influence of external disturbance, has no restriction on the shape and material of the grindstone portion, and can be mounted on a table or pallet of an NC machine tool. Remounting the grindstone on the spindle from the measurement result of the measuring device, selectively performing grindstone dressing with the on-machine dressing device, and a grindstone runout measurement processing method in which a program for reducing the runout amount is registered in the memory in the NC device and the same To provide a device.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a contactor between a grindstone part and a measuring device for measuring the deflection amount of a grindstone part of a grindstone tool detachably mounted on a tool mounting part of a spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of automatic tool exchange. A method of performing a measurement process in a state where the and are in contact with each other, characterized by detecting a shake amount with respect to a spindle rotation center of a grindstone portion of a grindstone tool mounted on a spindle, and processing the measured value in the following steps. Method for measuring runout of whetstone part of whetstone tool.

(A) The grindstone portion is relatively moved in at least one direction of a direction parallel to the spindle axis or a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis direction, and the whetstone portion and the contactor are brought into contact with each other to measure a shake amount. Steps to take.

(B) A step of comparing the measured shake amount of the grindstone portion with a preset shake amount allowable value and determining whether the measured shake amount of the grindstone is equal to or less than the shake amount allowable value.

(C) A step in which the work is terminated when the measured wobbling amount of the grindstone portion is equal to or less than the allowable value.

(D) When the measured wobbling amount of the grindstone exceeds the allowable value,
A step of determining whether or not a setting for reattaching the grindstone tool to the spindle is set.

(E) If the setting for re-mounting is done, after removing the grindstone tool from the spindle, remove dust adhering to the grindstone tool or the tool mounting part, and remount to remeasure the shake amount. Steps to take.

(F) If the runout amount of the grindstone portion exceeds the allowable value even after performing the steps of re-mounting and re-measuring the spindle a predetermined number of times, dressing is performed by the on-machine dressing device to correct the grindstone portion. And removing the runout.

(G) A step of dressing the grindstone portion with the on-machine dressing device to remove the runout when it is determined that the remounting is not performed in the step (D).

Furthermore, in a measurement processing device that measures the amount of wobbling of the grindstone part of the grindstone tool that is mounted on the tool mounting part of the spindle of the numerically controlled machine tool that is equipped with an automatic tool changer and is capable of automatic tool change, at the base of the machine tool A measuring device base provided relative to the grindstone portion in a direction parallel to the spindle axis and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, and a direction parallel to the spindle axis and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis on the measuring device base. Each of which is provided so as to be movable back and forth, uses a wear-resistant material for a contact portion that comes into contact with the grindstone portion, and a contactor that comes into contact with the grindstone portion and detects a shake of the grindstone portion, and the measuring device base body. Provided, a whetstone shake detector that detects a minute displacement of the contact due to wobbling of the whetstone, and is fixedly provided on the measuring device base, in a state where the whetstone and the contactor are in contact with each other. A measurement position detecting means for generating a signal for stopping the relative movement of the grindstone portion and the measuring device base body when reaching a predetermined measurement position, and setting of a deflection amount allowable value of the grindstone portion, and the grindstone portion When the measurement result of the shake amount is larger than the shake amount allowable value, setting means for setting whether or not to re-mount the grindstone tool, and the shake amount is calculated by the output signal of the grindstone shake detector. , A shake amount determination means for comparing the calculated shake amount with the shake allowable value and outputting a determination signal, and the relative movement between the grindstone portion and the contactor is stopped by the detection signal of the measurement position detection means. When the shake amount determination unit outputs a determination signal that the shake amount is larger than the shake amount allowable value, the setting unit determines that the re-mounting operation is not performed, and the dressing unit is dressed to the grindstone portion. It performs a grayed operation,
When it is set to perform the re-equipment operation a predetermined number of times from the setting means, the dust adhering to the grindstone tool or the tool mounting portion is removed and the remounting operation is performed, and the wobbling amount of the grindstone portion still has a swing allowable value. And a numerical control device that executes a process of performing a dressing operation on the whetstone portion when the whetstone portion is exceeded.

[Action]

When the diamond grindstone deflection measurement processing method program starts, the table on which the grindstone deflection measuring device is mounted and the movement axis of the spindle head of the spindle on which the grindstone is mounted cause axial and radial deflection of the grindstone portion. Move to the measurement position. After the contact between the grindstone portion and the contactor, if the axial movement is continued, the contactor pushed by the grindstone portion moves. The measurement position detecting means detects the movement of the contactor to a predetermined position and outputs a signal, and the NC device receives the signal and stops the axial movement.
The spindle is rotated at a low speed, the output from the whetstone shake detector is taken in, and it is judged whether it is within the allowable value by comparing it with the preset value. If the amount of run-out of the grindstone exceeds the set value, and if it is set to re-execute the grindstone tool by the setting means, move to the tool replacement position to separate the grindstone from the spindle and move it to the spindle. If the re-mounting work is performed and it is set not to perform the re-mounting, the program for moving to the dressing position and performing the dressing work of the grindstone portion in the on-machine dressing device is NC.
Since it is registered in the in-apparatus memory, the wobble meter measurement process is easily executed. In addition, whether to measure the runout of the grindstone portion when the grindstone tool is mounted on the spindle by ATC, or whether to remount the grindstone tool when it is determined that the measurement result runout amount is large It can be set by setting means such as a keyboard.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of a grindstone runout measuring apparatus as a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the construction of the measuring instrument main body shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, A is a measuring instrument main body, A ₁ is a measuring position detecting means composed of a proximity switch provided in the measuring instrument main body A, and A ₂ and A ₃ are respectively in contact with the grindstone portion of the grindstone tool. It is a contactor. Reference numeral B denotes a whetstone shake detector, which comprises an electric micro-detector B ₁ and an electric micrometer amplifier / display B ₂ . The A / D converter C is connected to the output of the whetstone shake detector B.
The output digital signal of the D converter C is output to the shake amount determination means D. The NC device E receives data from the grinding wheel shake amount calculation means D ₁ which forms the shake amount determination means D in response to an operation signal from a proximity switch which forms the measurement position detection means A ₁ provided in the measuring instrument body A. Output a command.

The shake amount determination means D receives the output digital signal of the A / D converter C, receives a data fetching command from the NC device E, and calculates the shake amount of the grindstone. The grindstone shake amount calculation means D ₁ and the keyboard D _2a. Grinding wheel runout allowable value D _2b set by
And a comparator D ₃ for comparing the calculation result of the grindstone deviation amount calculating means D ₁ with the grindstone deviation amount allowable value D _2b and outputting the comparison result to the NC device E.

Next, the structure of the measuring instrument main body A will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a main body base which is a measuring device base, 2 is a grindstone shake detector composed of an electric micrometer capable of measuring the shake in the axial direction and the shake in the radial direction of the grindstone portion, and the bush 3 It is fixed to the main body base 1 via. Reference numeral 4 is a lever that enables radial direction shake measurement as well as grindstone axis direction shake measurement, and is fixed to the main body base 1 by a bearing (not shown) via a rotatable shaft 5.

First, a description will be given of means for measuring the radial deviation of the grindstone portion of the grindstone or the diamond grindstone. Contactor 16-A that contacts the whetstone
Is interchangeably screwed to the axially movable shaft 12 by a linear bearing 13-A and a rotation stop pin 24-A. 10 is a contactor 1 pressed by a spring 11.
6-A is a measuring pressure adjusting collar. The slight displacement of the shaft 12 is transmitted to the whetstone shake detector 2 via the lever 7 supported by the shaft 8 and the lever 4 supported by the shaft 5, with both ends being in point contact. The contactor 16-A is formed on the shaft so as to be replaceable by screwing, and ceramics 16-C is bonded to the grindstone contact portion. 15 is a rubber boot for dustproofing and waterproofing. In addition, 25 and 26 show the tips of the grindstones.

Next, the means for measuring axial runout will be described. Reference numeral 19 denotes a shaft that moves in the axial direction by the linear bearing 13-B and the rotation stop pin 24-B. The contactor 16-B having the ceramics 16-D bonded to the tip is replaceably screwed, and the base is fixed to the base. A steel ball 20 is bonded so that the displacement of the shaft 19 can be transmitted by point contact. Reference numeral 15-B is a dustproof and waterproof boot, 13-B is a linear bearing, 18 is a spring for pressing the contact 16-B, and 21 is a spring for pressing the lever 4 upward in the drawing.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a detection means for outputting a signal to the NC device to stop the grindstone portion at a fixed position after the grindstone portion comes into contact with the shafts 12 and 19. In the figure, it is a proximity switch and is fixed to the main body base 1. . Contactor 16-A, 16-B
When the shafts 12 and 19 are pushed by the grindstone through the lever and the distance between the shafts 12 and 19 and the lever 4 interlocked with each other reaches a predetermined dimension, the proximity switch is turned off, and N
This is input to the skip function of the C device E (a function of stopping the axis feed while executing the block currently being executed and executing the next block), and the NC device stops the axis feed. Therefore, the ceramics 16-C, 16-D of the contacts 16-A, 16-B
Even if the blade is worn, the distance between the lever 4 and the proximity switch becomes constant at the start of the whetstone runout measurement.
The detection position of the shake detector 2 that detects the displacement is always constant.

With the above-described configuration, the first embodiment transmits the minute movement of the contactor 16-A to the grindstone shake detector 2 via the levers 7 and 4 when measuring the radial shake of the grindstone portion. Therefore, even a slight shake can be efficiently detected by the whetstone shake detector 2.

FIG. 3 is a drawing relating to the second embodiment and is a flow chart of a method for measuring the wobble of a whetstone using a wobbling wobble measuring device. The deflection accuracy of the grindstone portion is measured by a custom macro (program defined by the user) in the NC device (E). The custom macro is called by the following program.

G65P X Z H A B C Where G65 is a macro call code, P is the number of a macro program for maintaining the wobble accuracy, X is the diameter of the whetstone portion,
Z is the axial dimension of the grindstone, H is the tool offset number,
A is the type of grindstone runout measurement direction (A1; radial runout, A
2; axial runout, A3; diameter, axial runout,), and B are used to determine whether or not to reattach the grindstone to the spindle (B
0 is not re-mounted, B1 is re-mounted once, B2 is re-mounted twice), C is for judging whether to re-measure after dressing (C1; re-measurement, C0; do not re-measure) It has become. The details will be described below with reference to the flowchart.

The construction of the wobbling deviation measuring device is shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for maintaining the accuracy of whetstone runout in which the NC device E connected to the whetstone runout measuring device shown in FIG. 1 functions.

In FIG. 3, the program in the NC device E starts to operate, and in step G1, the count of the number of times the grindstone is attached to the spindle by the ATC (automatic tool changer) is i.
Reset to = 0. At step G2, the grindstone portion is moved until it becomes a shake measuring device and the measurement position detection means (A1) outputs a signal, and after stopping, the spindle is rotated at a low speed. In step G3, data is taken in for measuring the shake amount,
The captured data is A / D converted (see Fig. 1) and stored in memory. In step G4, the shake amount is calculated by the shake amount calculating means D (see FIG. 1), and step G5
Then, it is judged whether or not the measured shake amount is larger than a preset shake allowable value. If it is smaller, the program is ended in step G6. If it is determined in step G5 that the amount of runout is large, then in step G7, the whetstone is separated from the spindle,
When it is judged whether or not the re-mounting is to be carried out and it is judged that there is no command, in step G8, the diamond grindstone is moved to the dressing position of the on-machine dressing device, and in step G9 the grindstone portion is set and shaken by the on-machine dressing device. Then, in step G10, it is determined whether the shake should be remeasured after the dressing with the grindstone. If it is determined that there is no such instruction, the program is ended (step 6). If it is determined in step G10 that shake measurement is necessary, the process returns to the start position of step G1. When it is instructed in step G7 that the grindstone needs to be detached from and reattached to the spindle, it is determined in step G11 whether or not the spindle re-equipment reaches a predetermined number i ₀ (however, i ₀ ... If it is determined that the number of times is equal to or more than the predetermined number, the process returns to step G8 to perform dressing on the grindstone portion. In step G11, the number of times the spindle is remounted is the predetermined number i _0.
When it is determined that the following is true, after stopping the spindle in step G12, the spindle is moved to the automatic tool exchange position, and the grindstone is detached from the spindle and reattached to the spindle in the automatic tool exchange device.
Dust or the like is blown off by the air blow during the detachment / reattachment operation, and in step G13, "1" is added to the counter of the spindle attachment number i, and then the process returns to step G2.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the wobble measuring device of the grindstone according to the above description is formed in (1) contact type, unlike the conventional non-contact type, without being restricted by the shape and material of the whetstone part at the time of measurement, a cutting agent, etc. Not affected by external disturbances. (2) Since the wear-resistant ceramic material is used as the material of the contact portion of the contact, it does not easily wear during the measurement of the wheel deviation, and it does not adversely affect the wheel portion. (3) Even if the contact portion is worn, no problem occurs because the measurement is performed after the axis is moved until the grindstone measuring position detecting means detects it. (4) Since the contact part can be replaced, it can be replaced when the amount of wear becomes large.

Further, in the method for measuring the wobble of the whetstone, (1) the wobble of the whetstone is directly measured and dressing is performed, so that the accuracy can be improved. (2) Compared to the conventional method of dressing at appropriate time intervals, issuing a command to perform dressing when the amount of runout is large, and remounting and removing dust in the case of an error in mounting the grindstone on the spindle. Since it can be carried out, it is possible to separate and process the runout of the grindstone portion due to wear due to long-term use and the runout due to a mounting error that occurs when dust is caught by the ATC when the grindstone tool is mounted. This has the effect of improving work efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a grindstone runout measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a grindstone runout measuring device main body according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a flow chart of a grindstone runout measurement processing method of a program in NC unit. A: measuring instrument body, B: grinding wheel shake detector, C: A / D converter, D: shake amount judging means, E: NC device, 1 ... main body base, 2 ... grinding wheel shake detection Container, 4, 7 ... Lever, 6, 20 ... Steel ball, 8 ... Shaft, 10 ... Collar, 11, 18 ... Spring, 12, 19 ... Shaft, 15-A, 15-B ... Boots, 16-A, 16-B ... Contactor, 23 ... Grindstone deflection measurement position detection means.

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Hiroshi Inaba 1 Abiko, Abiko City, Chiba Hitachi Seiki Co., Ltd. (56) References JP 62-38112 (JP, B2)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A state in which the wobbling amount of a whetstone portion of a whetstone tool removably mounted on a tool mounting part of a spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of automatic tool exchange is in contact with a whetstone part and a contact of a measuring device. The method of performing the measurement process in, the amount of deflection of the grindstone part of the grindstone tool attached to the spindle with respect to the spindle rotation center is detected, and the measured value is processed in the following steps Shake measurement processing method. (A) The grindstone portion is relatively moved in at least one direction of a direction parallel to the spindle axis or a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis direction, and the whetstone portion and the contactor are brought into contact with each other to measure a shake amount. Steps to take. (B) A step of comparing the measured shake amount of the grindstone portion with a preset shake amount allowable value and determining whether the measured shake amount of the grindstone is equal to or less than the shake amount allowable value. (C) A step in which the work is terminated when the measured wobbling amount of the grindstone portion is equal to or less than the allowable value. (D) When the measured wobbling amount of the grindstone exceeds the allowable value,
A step of determining whether or not a setting for reattaching the grindstone tool to the spindle is set. (E) When the setting for re-equipment is made, after removing the grindstone tool from the spindle, remove dust adhering to the grindstone tool or the tool mounting part, and remount it to measure the shake amount again. Steps to take. (F) If the runout amount of the grindstone portion exceeds the allowable value even after performing the steps of re-mounting and re-measuring the spindle a predetermined number of times, dressing is performed by the on-machine dressing device to correct the grindstone portion. And removing the runout. (G) A step of dressing the grindstone portion with the on-machine dressing device to remove the runout when it is determined that the remounting is not performed in the step (D). 2. A measurement processing device for measuring a deflection amount of a grindstone portion of a grindstone tool mounted on a tool mounting portion of a spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool having an automatic tool changer capable of automatic tool replacement, wherein the machine tool A measuring device base body that is provided at the base of the measuring device body and moves relative to the grindstone portion in a direction parallel to the spindle axis line and in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis line; and a direction parallel to the spindle axis line and orthogonal to the spindle axis line on the measuring device base body. And a contactor that is provided so as to be movable back and forth in each direction, uses a wear-resistant material for the contact portion that contacts the grindstone portion, and that contacts the grindstone portion to detect the runout of the grindstone portion, and the measurement A whetstone shake detector provided on the device base body and detecting a minute displacement of the contact due to wobbling of the whetstone part, and fixedly provided on the measuring device base, the whetstone part and the contactor contacting each other With the measurement position detecting means for generating a signal to stop the relative movement of the grindstone portion and the measuring device base when reaching a predetermined measurement position in a state, while setting the shake amount allowable value of the grindstone portion, Setting means for setting whether or not to perform re-mounting operation of the grindstone tool when the measurement result of the shake amount of the grindstone portion is larger than the shake amount allowable value, and calculation of the shake amount by the output signal of the grindstone shake detector Then, the shake amount determining means for comparing the calculated shake amount with the shake allowable value and outputting a determination signal, and the relative movement of the grindstone portion and the contactor are stopped by the detection signal of the measuring position detecting means. In addition, when the shake amount is determined by the shake amount determining means to be larger than the shake amount allowable value, the setting signal is output to the grindstone portion when it is set that the remounting operation is not performed. Performing a lessing operation, and when it is set by the setting means to perform the re-mounting operation a predetermined number of times, the dust adhering to the grindstone tool or the tool mounting portion is removed and the re-mounting operation is performed, and still the wobbling amount of the grindstone portion A numerical control device that executes a process of performing a dressing operation on the grindstone portion when the deviation exceeds an allowable shake value.