JPH0639080B2 - Continuous cutting equipment for hard and brittle materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is capable of treating long workpieces, particularly hard brittle materials such as hard glass and porcelain without using a rotary cutting tool such as a cutter, and The present invention relates to a continuous cutting facility that cuts at a required length interval without causing a problem.

[Conventional technology]

As a means for controlling the cutting of a work made of a hard brittle material without using a rotary cutting tool, there is a conventional Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-37078.
There are some that utilize lateral pressure, such as the one described in Japanese Patent No.

In this product, a processed product having a Young's modulus E ₁ is inserted into a lateral pressure transmission cylinder made of a material having a Young's modulus E ₂ smaller than E _{1, and the} lateral pressure transmission is performed in a high pressure container in a state where both are deformable in the axial direction. The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder is entirely pressurized with a fluid, both are deformed in the axial direction, and a tensile stress is generated in the cross section of the workpiece by the difference between the deformations of both to cut.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in order to convert the difference in deformation between the work piece and the lateral pressure transmission tube when applying lateral pressure into the tensile stress that acts on the work piece, it is necessary to use the frictional force of the contact surface between the work piece and the side pressure transmission tube. An extremely small gap of several hundredths of mm or less, which is large enough to allow the workpiece to slide while producing the frictional force, is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the and the inner peripheral surface of the lateral pressure transmitting cylinder. The work piece and the lateral pressure transmission cylinder must be manufactured with high precision.

Therefore, when trying to build equipment for continuous cutting while feeding a long workpiece in one direction, the surface roughness of the workpiece,
As a result of being severely restricted in shape accuracy, waviness, straightness, etc., there is a problem that the above continuous cutting process becomes difficult, and a precise pre-processing must be added to the workpiece in order to enable continuous cutting.

Further, the cutting angle of the cutting portion of the hard brittle material to be processed is sharp and has excellent machinability as a blade, so in continuous cutting, discharge of the processed material after cutting, and for the next cutting When feeding a work piece, the inner surface of the side pressure transmission cylinder is often damaged due to the small gap described above.
In order to avoid this, high feed accuracy is required, which further hinders workability.

In view of the above points, the present invention is a facility that can perform continuous cutting of a long workpiece without using a lateral pressure transmission cylinder, and a new continuous cutting facility that can significantly improve the efficiency and workability of continuous cutting processing. For the purpose of providing.

[Means for solving problems]

According to the present invention, a work piece is inserted between impact-resilient bodies set in a split mold, and the work piece including a cutout portion provided in advance in the work piece is subjected to a resilience by a compression operation by the split mold. Wrapped with a body, a press-type cutting device that cuts in the notch by causing internal tensile stress in the axial direction due to deformation strain in the work piece due to the pressure and compression, and gripping the work piece, and for each cutting operation A workpiece feeding device that feeds a workpiece in the axial direction and inserts it into the split mold, and a workpiece that is outside the press-type cutting device and cuts the workpiece prior to feeding the workpiece by the workpiece feeder. A continuous cutting facility including a notch forming device that preliminarily cuts the notch in a portion, and a cutting detection sensor that detects a breaking sound generated when the workpiece is cut and releases the pressing force of the split mold by this detection. Is characterized by.

[Work]

According to the present invention, as the repulsion elastic body that wraps the work piece in the split mold is pressed and compressed, the repulsion elastic body is in a direction not constrained by the split molding die, that is, along the work piece and the work piece. Of the workpiece is deformed and expanded in the left and right direction of the axis, and the deformation strain at the workpiece compression interface acts on the workpiece due to friction with the surface of the workpiece. As a result, the workpiece is axially opposite to both sides of the notch. A tensile stress is generated in the direction, and the workpiece is cut at the cutout portion as a boundary.

Then, when the cutting detection sensor detects the breaking sound at the time of cutting, the split mold is opened, the notch is cut to the next cut portion of the workpiece, and then the workpiece feeder sends the workpiece. Then, the work piece is inserted so that a new notch is located in the split mold, and the repulsive elastic body is pressed and compressed by the split mold again. Can be disconnected.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a continuous cutting facility, which includes a press-type cutting device 1, a workpiece feeding device 2, a notch forming device 3 and a cutting detection sensor 4 as main components.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the press-type cutting device 1 has upper and lower molds 5 and 6, and the upper mold 5 is fixed to the lower surface of a die set upper plate 8 incorporated in a press mechanism 7. Then, the lower die 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the die set lower plate 10 fixed to the base 9. A pair of side pressure restraining dies 11, 11 are erected on the die set lower plate 10 so as to sandwich the lower die 6, and the upper die enters between the side pressure restraining dies 11, 11 when the upper die 5 descends. still,
Guide rods 12, 12 are provided on the upper surface of the die set lower plate 10.
The guide rods 12, 12 penetrate the die set upper plate 8 to linearly guide the die set upper plate 8 and the upper die 5 vertically. Reference numerals 13 and 13 denote return springs fitted over the guide rods 12 and 12 and interposed between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 10.

Repulsion elastic bodies 14 and 15 having a required thickness are attached to the contact surfaces of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6, respectively. The repulsion elastic bodies 14 and 15 are known as natural rubber and synthetic rubber having a property as a highly viscous fluid at the time of compression under pressure, and the characteristic of the relation between compression force and strain is largely changed by the change of shape factor. It is a material to be used, and examples thereof include excellent oil resistance and weather resistance, and polyurethane rubber.

As the work A as a material to be cut, a hard brittle material such as hard glass or porcelain is used. This hard brittle material is generally known to have high compressive strength and low tensile strength,
The press-type cutting device 1 utilizes this fact to perform cutting work.

That is, the cutting principle of the press-type cutting device 1 will be described with reference to the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7. When cutting a long continuous workpiece A at a designated portion, the circumference of the designated portion is cut. The notch B is formed on the upper and lower repulsion elastic bodies 1
It is set on the repulsion elastic body 15 of the lower mold 6 so as to be positioned in the middle of the lengths of 4 and 15. In this case, since the upper die 5 is in the raised position and the upper portion of the lower die 6 is open, the work A can be easily fed into the home position and set. This is the same when the workpiece A is taken out after cutting.

Next, the press mechanism 7 lowers the upper mold 5. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper and lower repulsion elastic bodies 14 and 15 are compressed between the upper die 5 and the lower die 6, and are deformed so as to wrap the workpiece A existing between them by the compression load.
The surface pressure in the center direction acts on both side areas of the work A around the notch B. In addition, the workpiece A and the repulsion elastic body 14,
Since 15 is not constrained in the axial direction a of the workpiece, the repulsion elastic bodies 14 and 15 are particularly stretched in that direction. The repulsive elastic body that exhibits the property as a highly viscous fluid by the compressive deformation in this direction causes the internal tensile stress in the axial direction in the workpiece due to the frictional force with the workpiece A. It goes without saying that this internal tensile stress is a force in opposite directions which are opposite to each other on both sides of the notch B. Therefore, the work A, which is a hard brittle material having a low tensile strength, is precisely cut right and left at the notch B.

That is, the condition of the surface is important for the factors that contribute to the mechanical strength of hard and brittle materials such as glass. Generally, the tensile strength is considerably smaller than the compressive strength, and it is about several percent.For this reason, the destruction of the material is not a result that the field of the force applied from the outside overcomes the average atomic attractive force in principle, and the weak point in the structure is It is said that stress (stress, strain) concentrates there, resulting in destruction. The weak point is considered to be a scratch on the glass surface and plays the same role as a defect in the crystal (published by Nanjido in 1956, Shoji Dobashi, "Surface Chemistry of Glass", p. 47).

Therefore, as in the present invention, the repulsion elastic bodies 14 and 15 are used to form the workpiece A.
If it is completely encircled, the compressive deformation force acts along the non-restraint direction of the axis a at the interface of the workpiece A as the compressive force increases, and at that time, friction occurs at the interface of the workpiece and As a result of applying the deformation stress, a tensile force is generated in the workpiece, and the workpiece A
The stress is concentrated on the notch B formed in advance on the surface of the, and fracture cutting is performed.

The workpiece feeding device 2 has a movable block 16, and a screw shaft 18 is threadedly inserted into a bracket 17 of the movable block 16. The screw shaft 18 is rotationally driven by a forward / reverse rotation motor 18a, and the rotation causes the movable block 16 to move. The screw shaft 18 is parallel to the direction in which the workpiece is fed into the press-type cutting device 1, and thus is parallel to the workpiece A.

The movable block 16 holds one end of the workpiece A by a chuck 19, and the movable block 16 is rotated by the rotation of the screw shaft 18.
The workpiece A is sent to the press-type cutting device 1 by the movement of, and the workpiece A moves on the guide roller 21 axially supported by the equipment body 20.

The chuck 19 has a root portion 19a inserted into the cylinder 22 of the movable block 16 and is always urged outward by the force of the buffer spring 23 in the cylinder 22, that is, toward the workpiece. The buffer spring 23 is for absorbing the elongation of the work A in the direction of the axis a when the work is cut in the press-type cutting device 1.

The notch forming device 3 is provided in the vicinity of the workpiece feeding side of the press-type cutting device 1 and is provided with a pair of rollers (indenters) 24, 24 that sandwich the workpiece A, and each roller indenter 24, 24 is pivotally supported by the support rods 25, 25.

The support rods 25, 25 are rotatable around the shaft supports 26, 26, respectively.
The rollers (indenters) 24, 24 are constantly urged to rotate in a direction in which they are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece by the force of the pulling springs 28, 28 stretched between the rollers 7 and 7.

Further, a cam shaft 29 passes laterally below the support shafts 26, 26, and cam plates 30, 30 are fixedly mounted on the cam shaft 29, and the projections 2 formed on the respective support rods 25, 25.
5 ', 25' are attached to the cam plates 30, 30 by the pulling springs 28,
We are holding with 28 powers. As shown in the right half of FIG. 4, the cam plates 30 and 30 bring the left and right rollers (indenters) 24 and 24 into contact with the workpiece A by the rotation of the cam shaft 29, and cut out the notch B. As a result, the work A is subjected to a uniform contact load from the left and right. Since it is inconvenient for the left and right rollers (indenters) to be in contact with the work A when the work A is fed, the left and right rollers (indenter) 24 are fed during the feed as shown in the left half of FIG. , 24 are both separated from the workpiece A, the rotation of the cam shaft 29 and the cam plates 30, 30 is stopped.

The cutting detection sensor 4 is a sensor that detects the cutting of the workpiece A by force sense, pressure sense, etc. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the sensor element 4a is placed in a case 31 such as a metal for the purpose of protection from external force. It is configured such that it is put in and pushed out from the cylinder 33 by the force of the pushing spring 32, and the whole of them is mounted on the die set upper plate 8 as shown in FIG.

The cutting detection sensor 4 is in the raised position together with the die set upper plate 8 when the work A is fed and when the notch B is formed, but does not contact the work A (the state shown in the right half of FIG. 3). The die set upper plate 8 comes into contact with the workpiece A as it descends (state shown in the left half of FIG. 3), breakage noise is detected along with cutting, and the press mechanism 7 is controlled according to the detection to control the pressing force. Then, the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 are separated from each other.

When the work A is a glass rod, the breaking sound at the time of cutting is a high frequency component with a generation frequency of about 5 KHz, which is higher than the work sound of general factories, and an abnormal person from another propagates to the work A. Therefore, it can be accurately detected. Further, since the hard brittle material targeted by the present invention is a material having acoustically good sound propagation characteristics, the propagation speed is fast and the sound reception is detected in the vicinity of the cut portion, so that malfunction due to sound from other sources does not occur. .

The continuous cutting equipment using the above configuration is operated as follows.

As shown in the right half of FIG. 2, the screw shaft 18 is rotated by the motor 18a from the state where the die set upper plate 8 and the upper die 5 are raised, and the movable block 16 moves to move the workpiece A.
Is sent to the press-type cutting device 1 and is inserted into the device around the notch B.

From the state where the die set upper plate 8 and the upper die 5 are lowered and the cutting detection sensor 4 is in contact with the workpiece A, the pressing mechanism 7 applies a pressure and compression operation.

When the workpiece A is cut at the notch B, the cutting detection sensor 4 detects it and the upper plate 8 and the upper die 5 of the die set are detected.
Raise.

The cut member on the tip side is removed by the operator's hand, and the workpiece feeding device 2 feeds the workpiece A to align the next cut portion with the notch forming device 3. The notch forming device 3 has a camshaft 29.
And, by rotating the cam plate 30, the roller indenters 24, 24 are pressed against the cut portion of the workpiece, and a new notch B is formed.

Next, the work piece feeding device 2 feeds the work piece A again from the state where the roller indenters 24, 24 are separated from the work piece A, and the work piece is fed to the press-type cutting device 1 around the newly formed notch B. Insert A.

By repeating the above, it becomes possible to continuously cut a long work piece.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the cutting work can be performed only by inserting the workpiece between the repulsion elastic bodies in the split mold and then pressing the upper mold and the lower mold. After processing, the processed material can be taken out by opening the upper mold and the lower mold, and the next cutting point is sent to the press-type cutting device, so there is no need to perform high-precision pretreatment on the work piece. High-speed continuous cutting is possible and mass production is possible.

Even if the cutting surface is sharp, the press-type cutting device takes out the processed material and feeds the work piece in the open state with the split mold open. There is no contact with other objects or damage due to this, and these operations can be performed easily, improving workability.

It does not require a precise side pressure transmission cylinder corresponding to the cutting shape like the side pressure utilization method mentioned at the beginning, and since it does not use a pressure medium such as liquid, the high pressure vessel structure is also unnecessary and the manufacturing of equipment is cheap it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

Drawing shows one example of the present invention, Drawing 1 is the whole block diagram of continuous cutting equipment, Drawing 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of Drawing 1,
3 is a view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a view of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cutting detection sensor, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views for explaining the cutting principle of the press-type cutting device. 1 ... Press type cutting device, 2 ... Workpiece feeding device, 3 ...
... Notch forming device, 4 ... Cutting detection sensor, 5 ... Upper mold, 6 ... Lower mold, 14, 15 ... Repulsive elastic body, A ... Workpiece, B ... Notch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A work piece is inserted between impact-resistant elastic bodies set in a split molding die, and the circumference of the work piece including a notch portion pre-engraved in the work piece by pressure compression operation by the split molding die. A press-type cutting device which is wrapped in a repulsive elastic body, and which causes an internal tensile stress in the axial direction due to a deformation strain in the workpiece due to the pressure and compression to cut at the notch, and a gripping operation for gripping the workpiece. A work piece feeding device for feeding the work piece in the axial direction for each and inserting the work piece into the split mold, and a work piece feeding device outside the press die cutting device and prior to the work piece feeding by the work piece feeding device. It includes a notch forming device that pre-cuts the notch in the portion to be cut, and a cutting detection sensor that detects a breaking sound generated when the workpiece is cut and releases the pressing force of the split mold by this detection. Continuous cutting of brittle materials Be prepared.