JPH0640344B2 - How to edit shapes - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to editing of graphic data stored in a database of drawings, and more particularly to an editing method suitable for a graphic extending over a large number of small areas called pages. .

[Background of the Invention]

Conventionally, as a method of creating a database of map information that has a wide spatial extent, the Asahi et al. 4 people named the "Map Information System WING (database)" in the 26th National Convention of the Information Processing Society of Japan (1983). As described in the reference article, a method of dividing and storing and managing pages is proposed. According to this technique,
This was effective in loading the required area for display or editing on the memory of the computer. However, as described in the present invention, no consideration has been given to a method of editing a graphic that extends over a large number of pages without paying attention to page boundaries.

[Object of the Invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a large drawing database,
(EN) It is possible to provide a method for editing a figure which is divided and managed into pages according to characteristics such as drawing type and scale, without being aware of page boundaries.

[Outline of Invention]

In order to achieve such an object, after transferring multiple pages to be edited to the temporary area so that they are continuous, join the graphic elements that are cut at the page boundary and make a straight line at the boundary. The feature is that a figure without a page boundary is created by making the formed edges continuous and this figure is the object of editing.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
The figure is a conceptual diagram showing the overall procedure of graphic editing according to the present invention. In the figure, the right side shows a flow chart showing the processing procedure, and the left side shows the contents of drawing data obtained during each processing. In this figure, the contents of each procedure are as follows. First, all pages related to the area to be edited are listed (STEP 100). as a result,
As shown in (a), four pages (P01, P02, P03,
It is assumed that P04) is related to the edit target area. Next, the entire pages are continuously mapped to an editable temporary memory as a page for editing as shown in (b) (S).
TEP 101). Then, at the boundary of each page, discontinuous figures are made continuous to define a continuous editing page without page boundaries as shown in (c) (STEP).
102). The editing targets the figure in the continuous editing page (STEP 103). For example, as in (d), the face A and the line B are moved as continuous graphic elements, and a graphic editing operation such as movement is added. The page after being edited in this way is re-separated into units of the first page and stored again (STEP 104). FIG. 2 shows a system configuration for executing these processes. Reference numeral 200 is a CPU for executing each processing, and 201 is a file device for storing the drawing information in page form according to characteristics such as scale and type of the drawing. Reference numeral 202 is a temporary memory for adding a procedure such as editing to drawing information, 203 is a CRT for displaying drawing information, 204 is a keyboard, and 205 and 206 are
A tablet and a stylus for specifying the editing target position, 207 captures drawing data as an image,
Furthermore, this is a drawing input device for vectorizing this and inputting it as coordinate values. Refer to "Antomatic Peco 7th International Conference on Pattern Recognition"
gnition of Design Dramings and Naps ”by Ejiri etc.
IEEE 7th International Conference on Pattern Recog
nition 1984 Montreal Canada (pp1296-1305)). With such a configuration, details of each procedure will be described below. First, the data structure for dividing the graphic data as shown in FIG. 1 (a) into pages and storing them will be described. Fig. 3 (a1), (a2), (a3),
The drawing data shown in (a4) is 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 for each drawing unit by moving the drawing input device of FIG. 207 or the tablet 205 and stylus 206 to the position of each point in the drawing. _{3, 0 4} coordinate system with its origin at the _{(x 1, 0 1, y} 1) (x 2, 0 2, y 2) (x 3, 0 3, y 3) (x 4, 0 4, y 4) Then, the face table ((b ₁ ), (b ₂ ), (b ₃ ), (b
₄ )), line table ((c ₁ ), (c ₂ ), (c ₃ ),
(C ₄ )), and point tables ((d ₁ ), (d ₂ ),
After describing it as (d ₃ ), (d ₄ )), it is stored in the file device 201. For example, page P of FIG. 3 (a ₁ ).
01 drawing, two line elements LN0101,
LN0102 and one surface element FC0101 are three, and further, when viewing the contents of FACE-TAB-01 in (b ₁ ), the surface FC0101 is composed of two lines LN0103 and LN0104. This table FACE-T
In the contents of AB-01, L-LORDER is a value that gives the order of the lines that make up the surface, and DIRECTION is an index for giving the direction of the lines so that the surface is defined clockwise. Specifies that P-ORDER in the line table is traced in ascending order of values, and if 1 is set, it is designated in descending order of large values. One-line table LINE-TAB-01
Associates a point POINT forming each line with a value P-ORDER that gives the order of the points. Another point table PO
INT-TAB-01 is a point POINT and position coordinates X,
Associate with Y. Here, the X and Y values of POINT-TAB-01 are values based on the coordinate system (x, 0, y) and are independent of the other pages P02, P03, P04. Then, in order to continuously map the drawing data in page units to the temporary memory 202 as one continuous drawing, the offset value to be added to each coordinate value is managed by the page offset management table shown in FIG. To do. For example, when transferring the contents of page P01 to the temporary memory 202, POINT-TAB-01
(X + XF ₀₁ , Y + YF ₀₁ ), which is obtained by adding the coordinate offset correction values (XF ₀₁ , YF ₀₁ ) in the page offset management table to the (X, Y) value of (X + YF ₀₁ ).

Next, the procedure for listing related pages in STEP 100 of FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 5 lists the pages related to the edit target area (V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₃ , V ₄ ) from the drawing data of a plurality of pages having page boundaries shown by broken lines. This relationship can be obtained by the method as described in "Drawing Data Management Method" of the same patent application. That is, the page boundary polygon coordinate values stored in the page offset table of FIG. 4 and the area polygon coordinate values (V ₁ , V ₂ ,
V ₃ and V ₄ ) are used to examine the superposition relationship between polygons. As a result, in the case of FIG. 5, four pages of (P01, P02, P03, P04) are listed.

The procedure of serialization mapping to the edit page in STEP 101 in FIG. 1 will be described. All the contents registered in the page obtained in the previous step are transferred to the temporary memory 202, and the following procedure is performed to define the editing page. First, the plane tables ((b ₁ ), (b
₂ ), (b ₃ ), (b ₄ )) and the line table ((c ₁ ),
The contents of (c ₂ ), (c ₃ ), and (c ₄ )) are reconfigured so that the line forms a face in the clockwise direction, and the contents of the FACE-TAB of the editing page as shown in FIG. LINE-TAB
Transfer to. That is, the face table (FACE-TAB-01
~ DIRECTO in FACE-TAB-04)
A line component whose N value is 1 is a new line label LN.
01030 or LN02030 is generated and FACE-
While registering in TAB, line table LINE-TA
In B, a new line in which the order of the points is reversed is registered under the label. For example, the FACE-T shown in FIG. 3 (b ₁ ).
Focusing on the case of transferring the contents of AB-01 to FACE-TAB in FIG. 6, since LINE0103 in FACE-TAB-01 has a DIRECTION value of 1, a new line label of LN01030 is generated and FACE-TAB is generated. LINE-
The POINT contents (PN0105, PN0106, PN0107) of the line LN0103 in TAB-01 are set to P-
It transfers to LINE-TAB from the descending order of the value of ORDER, and registers it as a new line LN01030. One-point table ((d ₁ ), (d ₂ ), (d ₃ ),
The respective coordinate values of _(d 4)), the coordinate value offset correction value of the page offset management table of FIG. 4 _(XF 01, Y
F ₀₁ ) (i = 1 to 4) is added, and then FIG. 6 POINT
-Transfer to TAB.

Next, the connection processing at the page boundary in step 102 of FIG. 1 will be described. In FACE-TAB and LINE-TAB in the editing page obtained up to the previous step, the discontinuity of the figure at the boundary of each page still remains. Therefore, by performing the following connection process, a continuous editing page without completely page boundaries as shown in FIG. 7 is created. The process is as follows:
There are two major categories.

(1) Line connection process This process is a process that connects multiple adjacent lines so that the coordinate values of the line constituent points match at the page boundary to form one cohesive line. There are two cases.

(1-1), a line in which adjacent lines are arranged so as to form a straight line at a page boundary, for example, a line LN0101 of page P01 in FIG. 6 and a line LN0201 of page are connected. To erase points and redefine them as perfect straight lines.

(1-2), adjacent lines that form just a bending point on the page boundary, for example, LN01030 and P of P01 in FIG.
When re-defining a line such as the line LN02030 of 02 as a line having a new bending point at its connection point.

Regarding the specific contents of the connection processing in the former case, LN01
01 and LN0201 will be described below as an example.

First, the contents of both line tables are , The points PN0101 and PN0202 whose coordinate values match at the boundary are erased as indicated by the slanted lines, and the points within the page with the smaller number are newly replaced with the points within the page with the larger number. LN0101 after the contents are sequentially transferred to the position of the line with the line label LN001.
And LN0202 are erased. As a result, the contents of the line table At the same time, the changed line component of the lines included in the face table FACE-TAB is replaced with a new line label. This operation is repeated until there are no adjacent line components that form a straight line across the page boundary.
On the other hand, the specific contents of the connection process in the latter case will be described below by taking the connection between LN01030 and LN02030 in FIG. 6 as an example. First of all, the contents of both line tables If a point having the same coordinate value at the boundary, that is, PN0105 and PN0206, appears, the point label of the page with a smaller number is given priority and the other points are erased. Specifically, the PN0206 shown by the hatched lines in the above figure is deleted. And a new line label LN0
The contents of the line table can be changed by sequentially transferring the contents to the position of the line with 02. And the changed line component of the lines included in the face table FACE-TAB is replaced with a new line label. The above process is also repeated until there is no point having the same coordinate value at each page boundary. However, in any of the above (1-1) and (1-2), when the line to be connected includes a line that completely overlaps the page boundary, the connection process is not performed. For example, page P01 L
N0104 and LN0204 of page P02 completely overlap with the page boundary, and join at the point P on the page boundary.
It has N0105 and PN0206, but (1-1)
The connection processing shown in (1-2) is not performed.

(2) Surface connection processing This processing is processing for joining a plurality of surfaces that are in a positional relationship such that some of the sides are shared at the page boundary, and defining a new surface. In this case, part of the processing, that is, the connection of the lines forming the surface is completed by the connection processing of the lines shown in the preceding stage, and the FACE-TAB has the following contents.

Therefore, as the surface connection processing, the following contents are executed. That is, to completely overlap the page boundary,
Line components that were not subject to connection processing in the previous stage are erased as indicated by the diagonal lines, and redundant FAC
Label E (FC0101, FC0201, FC0301, FC0
401) are integrated into FC001.

Through the line connecting process and the plane connecting process, the drawing information mapped as the editing page in the temporary memory 202 is completely serialized, and has the contents shown in FIG.

Now, the edit processing of the continuous figure in step 103 of FIG. 1 will be briefly described. This process is conventionally performed in the following document "Computer Graphics and Image Processing", No. 6
Volume 452-484 ("The Line Draming Editor: Sch
ematic Diagram Editing Vsing Pattern Recognition T
echnignes ”by John F. Jarnis. Computer Graphics and
It can be realized by the method as described in Image Processing 6 (1977). For example, the figures A and B as shown in FIG. 8 are moved in parallel to be A ′ and B ′, respectively. For this operation, refer to FIG.
By displaying the line figure mapped on the edit page of No. 2 and designating the figures A and B using the tablets and stylus of 205 and 206, and by designating the reference position of the moving destination, the figure A ′, It can be B '. Since the editing operation in this case is only parallel movement without changing the geometrical characteristics of the figure, the X and Y values of POINT-TAB in FIG. 7 are added with the offset values to the movement destination ( Or subtraction). On the other hand, when changing the geometrical characteristics of a figure, for example, when connecting a plurality of figures to one figure, the previous step 10
When the same processing as that described in 2 is performed, or conversely, when one figure is divided into a plurality of figures, step 10 described below is performed.
The same process as 4 is performed.

Lastly, the re-division into designated pages and the filing process in step 104 in FIG. 1 will be described. 20 as shown in FIG.
Since the graphic data that has been edited on the temporary memory 1 is stored again in the file device 201 by page, the graphic is divided at page boundaries. This page boundary defines a case where a page boundary in the page offset management table of FIG. 4 is used and a completely new page boundary, as used in the serial mapping process to the edit page in step 101 of FIG. There are cases. However, the contents of the division process are the same except that the page boundary coordinate values are different. The division processing is composed of line division processing and plane division processing. First, regarding the line division processing, the figures (PN01, PN02, PN03, PN04, PN0) shown in FIG.
1) Page boundary A method of dividing by will be described. It is assumed that the figure shown in FIG. 9 (a) is stored in the file 201 as a line table LINE-TAB in a format like (b ₁ ). Therefore, paying attention to the side formed by two points of the figure to be processed, the intersection of each side and the page boundary line is obtained. For example, the side of line LN01 Do not intersect, but edges Side as well as Intersect the page boundary line at intersections PN06, PN07, and PN08, respectively. Such intersections, Side The point PN02 on the contacting side overlaps the POINT label on the LINE-TAB as shown by the diagonal line (b ₂ ) and the P-ORDER value is also between the overlapping line label and the overlapping line label. Adjust the value so that Then, the contents from P-ORDER 0 to 0 in (b ₂ ) are divided into page units and transferred again to a table having a different line label. However, if the tables are divided even if they belong to the same page, for example, in (b ₂ ), When splitting into two, join at the same position of the POINT label value. Repeat the P-ORDER so that it continues.

Next, the surface division processing will be described. Surface data is shown in Fig. 9.
If the figure in (a) is defined in the format shown in Fig. 10 (a), define it as a page boundary. Consider the procedure to divide by. However, due to the line division processing, LN01 has already been (LN101, LN201,
LN301, LN401). However, as it is, it is not a closed figure with a surface.
This is because the page boundaries are part of the lines that make up the surface, so the page boundaries Of, the line data using boundary line so as to constitute a surface around the right, the _{10 (b 1) (b 2} ) (b 3) (b 4)
The table is divided into pages as shown in FIGS. 11 (a ₁ ) (a ₂ ) (a ₃ ) (a ₄ ). The surface table, line table and point table obtained by such a procedure are
The file in FIG. 201 is transferred and stored.

According to the present invention, drawing information spread over an application range such as a map is divided into appropriate sizes and managed, and mapping is continuously performed on an editing page to recognize drawing boundaries. Since editing can be performed in a continuous space without doing so, it has the effect of significantly improving the editing efficiency of map data.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the flow of processing according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how each page is managed, and FIG. 4 is a table for managing page offset values. Show. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the edit area and related pages, and FIG. 6 shows a state in which drawing data is mapped to the edit page. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a graphic on an edited page without page boundaries, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state of editing, and FIG.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a concept for dividing continuous drawing data, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing lines formed by page boundaries, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing division of plane data into pages for storage. Are shown respectively. Reference numeral 200 is a CPU, 201 is a file device that stores drawing data, 202 is a temporary memory for processing, 20
3 is a CRT for displaying processing results, 204 is a keyboard, 205 is a tablet for obtaining coordinate positions, 2
06 is a stylus and 207 is a drawing input device.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A storage unit in which a drawing is divided into small areas such as ranges, reduced scales, and graphic elements such as buildings and roads to form a file, and these small areas are continuously managed. A coordinate correction value storage unit and a temporary storage unit for performing graphic processing for editing are provided, and drawing data stored in a file is continuously transferred to a temporary memory while adding coordinate correction values. A method for editing a figure, characterized in that one continuous figure is obtained by joining discontinuous portions of drawing data, and a figure editing operation such as moving, joining or separating is added to this figure. 2. A method of editing a figure according to claim 1, wherein the boundary of the separated file area is
As a method of connecting separated figures, if the line forms a straight line by joining, the end point on the boundary is erased, and if it is bent at the boundary, the end point is a part of the bend of the line. A method for editing a figure, characterized by: 3. A method of editing a figure according to claim 1, wherein after the figure is edited, the figure is re-separated into a designated page and stored in a file. How to edit shapes.