JPH0641897B2 - Shift feeling evaluation device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shift feeling evaluation device for quantitatively evaluating the shift feeling of a manual transmission for an automobile.

(Prior Art) Generally, a manual transmission mounted on an automobile has a plurality of gear trains having different gear ratios arranged in parallel between a counter shaft that interlocks with an input shaft and an output shaft that is parallel to the shaft. Of the gears forming each gear train, a gear provided on an output shaft is usually rotatable with respect to the shaft, and one of the rotatable gears is operated in a lateral direction of a shift lever (select operation). ) And a vertical operation (shift operation) to selectively couple the output shaft through the synchronous meshing device, thereby setting the gear train in a power transmission state and obtaining a gear stage corresponding to the gear ratio of the gear train. It is configured to be.

By the way, as the synchronous meshing device, a device as shown in FIG. 1 is generally used. That is, the synchromesh device 1 is fitted and fixed to the shaft 2, rotates integrally with the shaft 2, and has a clutch hub 3 formed with a spline on the outer periphery thereof, and a spline fit to the hub 3 to engage the shift lever. The sleeve 4 slid in the axial direction by the shift operation, and the hub 3
The key 5 provided at a plurality of circumferential positions in the spline fitting portion of the sleeve and the sleeve 4 and the gear 6 rotatably supported by the shaft 2 (hereinafter referred to as a synchronized gear) are integrally formed with the hub. 3, a gear spline 7 having the same specifications as those of 3, a taper cone 8 which is also integrally formed with the synchronized gear 6, and is loosely fitted on the taper cone 8 between the hub 3 and the gear spline 7 and has an outer periphery. The hub 3 and the gear spline 7 and a synchronizer ring 9 having splines of the same specifications are formed. Then, the force in the direction a applied to the sleeve 4 by the shift lever during the shift operation first presses the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring 9 against the tapered cone 8 via the key 5, and the frictional force thereof causes the gear spline 7 (synchronized gear 6) Rotation speed of sleeve 4 via synchronizer ring 9
The spline of the sleeve 4 and the spline of the synchronizer ring 9 and the gear spline 7 are sequentially meshed with each other in synchronization with the rotation speed of the (shaft 2), whereby the synchronized gear 6 and the gear spline 7, It is adapted to be coupled to the shaft 2 via the sleeve 4 and the clutch hub 3. In that case, spline chamfers 4a, 9a, 7a for separating the splines into a meshable positional relationship are provided at the tips of the teeth forming the splines of the sleeve 4, the synchronizer ring 9 and the gear spline 7. Therefore, when the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9 are engaged with each other and the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 are engaged with each other, the chamfering operation of the chamfer 4a and the chamfers 9a and 7a is performed in advance.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the sleeve 4 in the synchronous meshing device 1 as described above is not provided.
(Spindle 2) and gear spline 7 (synchronized gear 6), synchronous movement of the spline of the sleeve 4 and the spline of the synchronizer ring 9 and meshing operation, and the spline of the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 Both the operation and the meshing operation are continuously performed in the above-mentioned order based on the load applied to the shift lever and the stroke of the lever. The stroke of the lever will change intricately. The state of this change influences the shift feeling such as the weight and smoothness given to the human hand operating the shift lever.

Therefore, for this type of transmission, at the time of development, the specifications of each component that makes up the above-mentioned synchronous meshing device are set so that a good shift feeling is obtained, and the shift feeling is checked in the final process of the production line. However, in the past, since the quality of the shift feeling was determined by a human capacity test, the evaluation was different depending on the operator, and it was difficult to make a unified evaluation. As a result, the specifications that give the best shift feeling may not be set properly during the development stage, or the development man-hours may increase unnecessarily, and the quality may vary during the production stage. It was.

The present invention addresses the above-mentioned actual situation regarding the transmission, and realizes an accurate and accurate evaluation device by evaluating the shift feeling uniformly, quantitatively, and under the same conditions as when mounted on an actual vehicle. The objective is to enable efficient design and development, and to prevent or reduce variations in product quality.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the shift feeling evaluating apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that it is configured as follows.

That is, drive means for rotationally driving the input side shaft of the manual transmission, shift operating means for operating the shift lever of the transmission, and shift lever operating state detecting means for detecting the operating state of the shift lever during the shift operation, Calculation means for calculating the evaluation data quantitatively indicating the shift operability based on the output of the detection means, memory means for storing the evaluation reference concerning the shift operability, evaluation data obtained by the calculation means and the memory. Determination means for comparing the evaluation criteria stored in the means with each other to determine whether or not the shift operability is good, rotation resistance means for applying a rotation resistance corresponding to the inertia of the vehicle body to the output side shaft of the transmission, and the transmission. And the drive means, and when the shift operation is performed, the transmission and the drive means Blocked drive transmission between, at the time of driving rotation, characterized in that a clutch means for fastening between the transmission and the driving means.

(Operation) According to the shift feeling evaluation device having the above-described configuration, the clutch is cut off the drive transmission between the drive means and the transmission while the drive means is operating the transmission. When the shift lever is operated to shift to a predetermined gear by the shift operating means, the shift lever operating state detecting means detects, for example, the load or stroke acting on the lever, and based on the detected data, For example, the force and work required for the synchronous operation of the sleeve and the gear spline of the synchromesh related to the weight of the shift operation or the chamfer separating operation of the sleeve and the gear spline related to the smoothness of the shift operation. The impulse and the amount of work will be obtained as evaluation data. In this case, this evaluation data shows that the drive transmission of the drive means to the transmission is cut off as described above under the condition that the rotation resistance means applies the rotation resistance corresponding to the inertia of the vehicle body to the output shaft of the transmission. Since it is obtained when the transmission input shaft is rotating due to inertia, that is, the data can be obtained under the same condition as the transmission shift operation in the actual vehicle.
Then, by comparing these evaluation data with an evaluation standard, the shift feeling such as the weight and smoothness described above can be quantitatively evaluated and accurately evaluated and judged in correspondence with the feeling in the actual vehicle. Become.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described.

As shown in FIG. 2, the shift feeling evaluation apparatus 10 includes a motor 11 that drives a transmission A.
A clutch 13 provided on the input shaft 12 between the motor 11 and the transmission A, and an output shaft 14 (the shaft 2 shown in FIG. 1) of the transmission A to connect an inertial mass equivalent to the vehicle body. And a flywheel 15 that acts on the output side of the transmission A. Further, as sensors for collecting various data, a motor rotation speed sensor 16 for detecting an output rotation speed of the motor 11, an input rotation speed sensor 17 and an output rotation speed sensor for detecting an input rotation speed and an output rotation speed of the transmission A, respectively. 18, a torque sensor 19 for detecting the output torque of the transmission A, a load sensor 20 for detecting the load acting on the shift lever B of the transmission A and a stroke sensor 21 for detecting the stroke of the lever B, respectively. . Further, for controlling the device 10, the signals a to f from the sensors 16 to 21 are supplied to the amplifier 22 and the A / D.
A personal computer 24 inputted via the converter 23 and a sequencer 26 operated via an interface unit 25 in accordance with a program set in the personal computer 24 are provided, and the motors are driven by signals g and h from the sequencer 26. 11 and the clutch 13 are controlled, and the operation of the actuator 28 for operating the shift lever B is controlled via the servo amplifier 27 by the output signal i from the interface unit 25. The signals a to f from the sensors 16 to 21 are also input to the interface unit 25, and feedback control of the entire apparatus is performed based on these signals a to f.

Then, the evaluation device 10 specifically operates according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.

That is, first, the transmission A is carried in, and the model of the carried-in transmission A is read and the setup of each part of the evaluation device 10 is changed according to the model read (steps S _{1 to} S ₃ ). Then
A command for setting the transmission A in the evaluation device 10 is issued, and the transmission A is set in the evaluation device 10 as shown in FIG. 2 based on this command, and the sensors 16 to 21 shown in FIG. It is set at a predetermined position (step _S 4 _~S 6). Then, after that, the operation pattern such as the rotation speed of the motor 11 and the operation time is input by the input device of the personal computer 24, and at this time, the sample number is displayed on the display unit of the personal computer 24. and checks, is its change operation in a case where incorrectly No.該番performed (step S ₇ ~S _10). Further, the gear stages before and after the gear shifting operation are instructed, and based on this, the actuator 28 shown in FIG.
There actuated, the copying operation between an instruction the gear shift stage is performed (step S ₁₁ ~S _13).

When the preparation is completed in this way, next, the motor 11 starts to rotate, and at the time when the set number of rotations is reached, the lamp or the buzzer is activated and the clutch 13 is disengaged. Shift lever B
Shift operation is performed (Sutebbu S ₁₄ ~S _17). At this time, the load sensor 20 and the stroke sensor 21
Load applied to the shift lever B by the
Stroke and other sensors 16-
Predetermined data is collected by 19 and these data are input to the personal computer 24. At the same time, the personal computer 24 performs a calculation as described later, and the calculation result is stored in the memory in the personal computer 24 as evaluation data. (Step S ₁₈ ).

After that, confirmation of a mistaken operation, movement of the shift lever to the normal position at the time of a mistaken operation, confirmation of data input, operation of returning the memory number when an input mistake occurs, and whether or not data output is commanded Whether or not, and the data output operation when instructed is performed (steps S _{19 to} S ₂₄ ). In addition, the number of rotations of the motor 11 is set to the input shaft 13
The motor rotation speed control operation for matching the rotation speed of the clutch 13 is performed, and when both rotation speeds match, the clutch 13
There are fastened (step S ₂₅ ~S _27). Then, it causes the program to proceed to the next step to repeat the operation follows the steps S ₁₅ until the program is finished (step S _28, S _29).

To test a predetermined number of times is completed as described above, evaluation data stored in the calculated and the memory in step S ₁₈ is compared with a predetermined criterion, with the presence or absence of abnormality is determined, at the time of abnormality occurrence thereof The display is carried out, and the evaluation of the shift feeling is thereby completed (step S
₃₀ , S ₃₁ ).

Here, the concrete operation of the synchronous meshing device 1 at the time of the shift feeling evaluation test and the time change of each data accompanying this will be described as follows.

First, when the sleeve 4 is slid in the direction a by an amount corresponding to the initial stroke S ₁ of the shift lever (see FIG. 5B) from the neutral state shown in FIG. Key 5 to move in the direction a together with 4
Presses the synchronizer ring 9 in the same direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the ring 9 is pressed against the tapered cone 8 integral with the synchronized gear 6. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 (b),
4a at the tips of the teeth forming the spline of the sleeve 4 encounters the chamfers 9a ... 9a of the teeth forming the spline of the synchronizer ring 9 (time point P _{1 in} FIG. 5), and in this state the synchronizer The ring 9 rotates integrally with the shaft 2 via the sleeve 4 and the clutch hub 3.

On the other hand, the synchronized gear 6 has relative rotation with the shaft 2 as shown in FIG. 5 (c) at the time point P ₁ when the synchronizer ring 9 is pressed against the tapered cone 8, and therefore the synchronized ring 9 and The contact surface with the taper cone 8 slides, and a frictional force is generated on the contact surface based on the force of the shift lever pressing the sleeve 4 in the a direction. Then, due to this frictional force, the synchronized gear 6 is synchronized with the sleeve 4 or the shaft 2 via the taper cone 8,
Rotational speed of the gear 6 and the shaft 2 are equal at P ₂ as shown in FIG. 5 (c). In that case, in this synchronization area T ₁ from the time point P ₁ to the time point P ₂ , FIG.
As shown in, a large load acts on the shift lever to generate the frictional force. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the stroke S ₂ of the shift lever is in the synchronization area T ₁ is very small, and as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the the synchronized gear in the axial 2 6 Torque is generated based on the inertial force of (and each rotating member that interlocks with this).

In this way, when the rotational speeds of the shaft 2 and the synchronized gear 6 become equal at the time point P ₂ , the force in the a direction applied to the sleeve 4 by the shift lever causes the spline chamfer of the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9 next. 4a ... 4
The scraping operation of a, 9a ... 9a is performed. That is, both the chamfers 4a ... 4a, 9a ... Shown in FIG. 4 (b).
From the state in which 9a has met, the sleeve 4 is moved by an amount corresponding to the stroke S _{3 of the} shift lever shown in FIG. 5 (b).
Slide in the direction, and chamfers 4a ... 4a, 9a ...
The synchronizer ring 9 rotates relative to the sleeve 4 by a certain amount along the inclined surface of 9a. At this time, the synchronizer ring 9 rotates integrally with the synchronized gear 6,
A relative rotation ΔV ₁ as shown in FIG. 5 (c) is generated between the gear 6 and the sleeve 4 or the shaft 2. Then, the both splines at _{P 3} chamfer 4a ... 4
a, 9a ... the position relationship 9a is the fourth diagram wade in a state as shown in (c) operation is completed, in the wade region T ₂ of the this point P ₂ to P ₃ is the sleeve 4 Since the synchronizer ring 9 and the synchronized gear 6 must be relatively rotated with respect to the sleeve 4 by the acting force in the a direction, as shown in FIG.
A load of a predetermined magnitude continues to act on the shift lever subsequent to the synchronization area T ₁ .

Further, when the separating operation of the spline chamfers 4a ... 4a, 9a ... 9a of the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9 is completed, the sleeve 4 slides in the a direction,
The spline of the sleeve 4 and the spline of the synchronizer ring 9 mesh with each other, but in this meshing region T ₃ , there is no resistance to the sliding of the sleeve 4 in the a direction, so that as shown in FIG. 5 (a). The load drops sharply. Further, since the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9 rotate integrally, and the synchronizer ring 9 and the synchronized gear 6 also rotate integrally, in this region T ₃ , the relative rotation amount between the sleeve 4 and the synchronized gear 6 is It becomes zero. Then, at the time point P ₄ when the sleeve 4 slides by the amount corresponding to the stroke S _{4 of the} shift lever shown in FIG. 5 (b), as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the spline chamfer 4a of the sleeve 4 ... 4a encounters the spline chamfers 7a ... 7a of the gear spline 7, and then the chamfers 4a ... 4a, 7a ... 7a are separated.

In this separating operation, the gear spline 7 or the synchronized gear 6 is relatively rotated with respect to the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9. This relative rotation causes frictional resistance at the contact surface between the taper cone 8 and the synchronizer ring 9. Against. Therefore, when the chamfers 4a ... 4a, 7a ... 7a meet, a large load begins to act again on the shift lever from the point P ₄ as shown in FIG. 5 (a), and when this load exceeds the frictional resistance. The contact surface between the synchronizer ring 9 and the taper cone 8 slides, and the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 start relative rotation. At this time, the friction coefficient on the contact surface changes from the static friction coefficient to the dynamic friction coefficient, so that the load of the shift lever sharply decreases as shown in FIG. ) Is slid by an amount corresponding to the stroke S _{5 of the} shift lever, and at a time point P ₅ when the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 relatively rotate by a predetermined amount, the spline chamfer 4
4a, 7a ... 7a have the positional relationship shown in FIG. 4 (e), and the scraping operation is completed. In that case, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), a relative amount ΔV ₂ of relative rotation occurs between the shaft 2 and the synchronized gear 6.

Then, from this time point P ₄ to time point P ₅ , the spline chamfers 4a ... 4a of the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 are
After 7a ... 7a of pushing aside area T ₄ is completed, slide until the sleeve 4 further stroke end, splines in the sleeve 4 as shown in FIG. 4 (f) is engaged with the gear splines 7, thereby the shaft 2 The coupling operation between the synchronized gear 6 and the synchronized gear 6 is completed.

However, in the operation of the synchromesh 1 as described above,
The following is used as the shift feeling evaluation data.

That is, regarding the weight of the shift operation, for example, the temporal change of the load in the synchronization area T ₁ at the time points P _{1 to} P ₃ and the separation area T ₂ between the sleeve 4 and the synchronizer ring 9 shown in FIG. This is done by obtaining the impulse and work applied to the shift lever in these regions based on the stroke. For smoothness,
By determining the impulse and work applied to the shift lever in these regions based on the time change of the load and the stroke in the region T ₄ for separating the sleeve 4 and the gear spline 7 at the time points P _{4 to} P _5. , Or by obtaining the height of the peak of the load in the region T ₄ .
In any case, the evaluation data such as the impulse, the work amount or the peak of the load is compared with the evaluation standard, and the shift feeling is quantitatively and uniformly evaluated in this way. In that case, since the evaluation data is obtained in a state where the clutch 13 is disengaged and the input shaft of the transmission A is rotating by inertia, the shift feeling is equivalent to that during the shift operation of the transmission in the actual vehicle. It will be evaluated according to the conditions.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the feeling during the shift operation in the transmission is quantitatively evaluated. As a result, the feeling can be evaluated without depending on human senses, which enables accurate and efficient design and development in the development stage of this kind of transmission, and quality in the production stage. Reliability and unity will be secured. In particular, according to the present invention, since the above-mentioned evaluation is performed under the same conditions as when mounted on an actual vehicle, it is possible to obtain an accurate evaluation that accurately corresponds to the feeling of the actual vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a structure of a synchronous meshing device which is an object of evaluation of a shift feeling evaluation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a control system diagram showing a structure of an embodiment of the evaluation device, and FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of the embodiment, FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (f) are explanatory views showing the respective operation stages during the shift operation of the synchronous meshing device, and FIG. 5 is the passage of various data during the shift operation. It is a time-dependent change figure which shows an example of a change. 10 ... Shift feeling evaluation device, 11 ... Driving means (motor), 13 ... Clutch means (clutch), 1
5 ... Rotation resistance means (flywheel), 20, 21 ...
... shift lever operating state detecting means (load sensor, stroke sensor), 24 ... computing means, memory means, determining means (personal computer), 28 ... shift operating means (actuator), A ... transmission, B ... shift lever .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device for evaluating shift operability of a manual transmission, comprising drive means for rotationally driving an input side shaft of the transmission, and shift operating means for operating a shift lever of the transmission.
Shift lever operating state detecting means for detecting the operating state of the shift lever during a shift operation, computing means for calculating evaluation data quantitatively indicating shift operability based on the output of the detecting means, and evaluation regarding shift operability Memory means for storing the reference, determination means for comparing the evaluation data obtained by the arithmetic means with the evaluation reference stored in the memory means for determining the quality of the shift operability, and the output side of the transmission. A rotation resistance means for applying a rotation resistance corresponding to the inertia of the vehicle body to the shaft, and the rotation resistance means are provided between the transmission and the drive means, and cut off drive transmission between the transmission and the drive means during a shift operation to rotate the rotation. A shift feel, characterized by comprising clutch means for engaging between the transmission and the drive means during driving. Grayed evaluation device.