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JPH0643975B2 - Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample - Google Patents
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JPH0643975B2 - Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample - Google Patents

Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample

Info

Publication number
JPH0643975B2
JPH0643975B2 JP62224160A JP22416087A JPH0643975B2 JP H0643975 B2 JPH0643975 B2 JP H0643975B2 JP 62224160 A JP62224160 A JP 62224160A JP 22416087 A JP22416087 A JP 22416087A JP H0643975 B2 JPH0643975 B2 JP H0643975B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sample
fluorescent
ray analysis
analysis
molded body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP62224160A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6468646A (en
Inventor
章 生川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NGK Insulators Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Insulators Ltd filed Critical NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority to JP62224160A priority Critical patent/JPH0643975B2/en
Priority to US07/235,560 priority patent/US4919342A/en
Priority to DE3856530T priority patent/DE3856530T2/en
Priority to DE3855906T priority patent/DE3855906T2/en
Priority to EP88308030A priority patent/EP0306276B1/en
Priority to EP95115605A priority patent/EP0701120B1/en
Publication of JPS6468646A publication Critical patent/JPS6468646A/en
Priority to US07/414,479 priority patent/US4993646A/en
Priority to US07/471,628 priority patent/US5137410A/en
Priority to US07/854,566 priority patent/US5257302A/en
Publication of JPH0643975B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0643975B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は蛍光X線分析用の試料を分析用の成形体とする
際に好適に使用できる蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法に
関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a pretreatment method for a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample, which can be suitably used when a sample for fluorescent X-ray analysis is used as a molded article for analysis. is there.

(従来の技術) 蛍光X線分析において、分析しようとする試料によって
は試料粒度が分析精度に影響するいわゆる鉱物効果が知
られている。鉱物効果の影響を避けて高精度分析を行う
ためには、塊状、粒状又は粉体状で与えられる試料の粒
度を1μm以下程度にまで粉砕し、分析用の成形体に成
形する必要がある。分析用の成形体としては、表面の平
滑度が良好であることが高精度分析を行うために望まし
く、また強固で長期的安定性があることが分析の操作性
が良くなる点や自動化が容易になる点で望ましい。この
粉砕−成形工程を蛍光X線分析試料の前処理と称してい
る。
(Prior Art) In fluorescent X-ray analysis, a so-called mineral effect is known in which sample particle size affects analysis accuracy depending on the sample to be analyzed. In order to avoid the influence of the mineral effect and perform high-precision analysis, it is necessary to grind the particle size of a sample given in the form of lumps, granules, or powders to about 1 μm or less and mold it into a molded body for analysis. As a molded article for analysis, good smoothness of the surface is desirable for high-precision analysis, and strong and long-term stability improves operability of analysis and facilitates automation. Is desirable in that This crushing-molding step is called pretreatment of the fluorescent X-ray analysis sample.

従来、蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法として、試料にも
何も添加せず乾式および湿式で粉砕する無添加乾式粉砕
法および無添加湿式粉砕法、黒鉛粉末を添加して乾式粉
砕する黒鉛粉末添加乾式粉砕法(日本金属学会誌第36巻
648ページ(昭和47年))、さらにはスチレン−マレイ
ン酸共重合物やステアリン酸等の有機物をバインダーと
して添加して湿式粉砕するバインダー添加湿式粉砕法等
が知られている。黒鉛粉末は潤滑効果があるため試料の
粉砕を促進する粉砕助剤として有効であり、またバイン
ダーは成形体の強度を保ち成形体表面の平滑度を良好に
する成形助剤として有効である。なお、黒鉛粉末は成形
助剤としてもある程度有効であるが、蛍光X線分析で通
常用いられる直径10mm以上のディスク状成形体用成形助
剤としてはその効果は不十分である。
Conventionally, as a pretreatment method for a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample, an additive-free dry crushing method and an additive-free wet crushing method in which nothing is added to the sample and a dry crushing method, and a graphite powder in which a graphite powder is added and dry crushing Additive dry grinding method (Journal of Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 36)
648 (Showa 47)), and a binder-added wet pulverization method in which an organic substance such as a styrene-maleic acid copolymer or stearic acid is added as a binder and wet pulverized is known. Since graphite powder has a lubricating effect, it is effective as a grinding aid for promoting the grinding of the sample, and the binder is also effective as a molding aid for maintaining the strength of the molded body and improving the smoothness of the surface of the molded body. Although graphite powder is effective as a molding aid to some extent, its effect is insufficient as a molding aid for a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 10 mm or more, which is usually used in fluorescent X-ray analysis.

(発明が解決しようとする問題点) しかしながら、上述した無添加乾式粉砕法では、操作が
単純ではあるが粉砕が不十分であるため鉱物効果による
分析精度低下の問題があるとともにディスク状に成形す
ることが困難である欠点があった。無添加乾式粉砕法で
は、分析精度が低下することとディスク状に成形するこ
とが困難という欠点があるとともに溶剤を揮散させる必
要があった。また、黒鉛粉末添加乾式粉砕法は、鉱物効
果による分析精度低下の問題はないもののディスク状に
成形することが困難である欠点があった。さらに、バイ
ンダー添加湿式粉砕法は、鉱物効果による分析精度低下
の問題があるとともに溶剤を揮散させる必要があった。
以上のように、従来の各前処理法においては、分析精度
が高く強固で平滑度の高い成形体を得ることのできる蛍
光X線分析試料の前処理方法は提案されていなかった。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned additive-free dry pulverization method, although the operation is simple, the pulverization is insufficient, so that there is a problem that the analysis accuracy is deteriorated by the mineral effect and the disc-shaped molding is performed. There was a drawback that was difficult. The additive-free dry pulverization method has drawbacks that the analysis accuracy is lowered and it is difficult to mold it into a disk shape, and it is necessary to volatilize the solvent. The graphite powder-added dry pulverization method has a drawback that it is difficult to form it into a disc shape, although there is no problem of deterioration of analysis accuracy due to the mineral effect. In addition, the binder-added wet pulverization method has a problem in that analysis accuracy is deteriorated due to a mineral effect, and it is necessary to volatilize the solvent.
As described above, in each of the conventional pretreatment methods, no pretreatment method for a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample has been proposed, which is capable of obtaining a molded article having high analysis accuracy, strength, and high smoothness.

本発明の目的は上述した不具合を解消して、分析精度が
高く強固で平滑度の高い成形体を得ることができ、前処
理の自動化が容易であるとともに多品種試料の高精度分
析に最適な蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法を提供しよう
とするものである。
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience, to obtain a molded article having high analysis accuracy, strength, and high smoothness, facilitating automation of pretreatment, and optimal for high-precision analysis of multi-product samples. An object of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment method for a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample.

(問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明の蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法は、蛍光X線分
析用の成形体を作製するにあたり、塊状、粒状又は粉体
状の試料に対し、1〜30重量%の黒鉛粉末と、5〜3
0重量%の有機物成形助剤とを同時に又は逐次添加し、
乾式粉砕後、プレス成形することを特徴とするものであ
る。
(Means for Solving Problems) The method for pretreatment of a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample of the present invention is applied to a sample in the form of lumps, granules or powder in preparing a molded body for X-ray fluorescence analysis. ~ 30 wt% graphite powder, 5-3
0% by weight of an organic molding aid is added simultaneously or sequentially,
It is characterized in that it is press-molded after dry pulverization.

(作 用) 上述した構成において、黒鉛粉末および成形助剤を試料
に対して同時または逐次添加して乾式粉砕することによ
り、粉砕された試料の強固で長期的安定性が高く平滑度
が良好な成形体を得ることができる。これにより分析精
度に及ぼす鉱物効果の影響を除去して高精度分析を行う
ことができ、また、成形体が強固であるので取り扱い性
が良く、前処理の自動化が容易である。
(Operation) In the above-mentioned structure, the graphite powder and the molding aid are added to the sample at the same time or one after another, and dry pulverization is performed, so that the pulverized sample is strong, has long-term stability, and has good smoothness. A molded body can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to remove the influence of the mineral effect on the analysis accuracy and perform high-precision analysis. Further, since the molded body is strong, it is easy to handle and automation of pretreatment is easy.

なお、黒鉛粉末の添加量は、試料に対し1〜30重量%で
ある必要がある。この理由は、黒鉛粉末の添加量が1重
量%以下では粉砕助剤としての効果が十分でなく、30重
量%を超えると粉砕中の試料粒子が凝集してしまい、か
えって粉砕が阻害されるためである。また、成形助剤と
しては、スチレン−マレイン酸共重合物やステアリン酸
等の有機物をバインダーとして好適に用いることができ
る。成形助剤の添加量は、試料に対し5〜30重量%であ
ることが望ましい。この理由は、成形助剤の添加量が5
重量%以下では成形助剤としての効果が十分でなく、30
重量%を超えると成形体にソリが出たり長期的安定性が
無くなるためである。
The addition amount of the graphite powder needs to be 1 to 30% by weight with respect to the sample. The reason for this is that if the amount of graphite powder added is 1% by weight or less, the effect as a grinding aid is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the sample particles during grinding agglomerate, which rather hinders the grinding. Is. Further, as a molding aid, an organic substance such as a styrene-maleic acid copolymer or stearic acid can be preferably used as a binder. The addition amount of the molding aid is preferably 5 to 30% by weight based on the sample. The reason is that the amount of molding aid added is 5
If it is less than 10% by weight, the effect as a molding aid is not sufficient,
This is because if the content exceeds 100% by weight, the molded product will warp and lose long-term stability.

試料に対し、黒鉛粉末と成形助剤を同時又は逐次添加す
る理由は以下の通りである。試料に対し、黒鉛粉末と成
形助剤を同時に添加すると、逐次添加の場合に比較して
工程がより単純化され、前処理自動化がさらに容易にな
る。試料に対し、まず黒鉛粉末を添加して粉砕し、さら
に成形助剤を添加して粉砕する逐次添加の場合は、粉砕
がより進むので鉱物効果の影響がさらに低減できる。粉
砕機としては、振動ミル、アトリッションミル等の他、
遊星運動型のミル等をいずれも好適に用いることができ
るが、粉砕効率の高い振動ミルが最も好適である。粉砕
機として振動ミルを用いた場合、粉砕時間は、同時添加
の場合で8分間程度、逐次添加の場合では4分間+4分
間程度で充分である。
The reason for simultaneously or sequentially adding the graphite powder and the molding aid to the sample is as follows. When the graphite powder and the molding aid are added to the sample at the same time, the process is simplified and the pretreatment automation is further facilitated as compared with the case of sequential addition. In the case of sequential addition, in which graphite powder is first added to the sample and then crushed, and then a molding aid is further added and crushed, the effect of the mineral effect can be further reduced because the crushing progresses further. As a crusher, other than a vibration mill, an attrition mill, etc.
Any of the planetary motion type mills and the like can be preferably used, but a vibration mill having high grinding efficiency is most preferable. When a vibrating mill is used as a crusher, a crushing time of about 8 minutes is sufficient in the case of simultaneous addition and about 4 minutes + 4 minutes in the case of sequential addition.

(実施例) 以下、実際の例について説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an actual example will be described.

まず、一辺の大きさが10mm以下の粒状長石試料と黒鉛粉
末およびスチレン−マレイン酸共重合物とを準備して、
第1表に示す組成に秤量した。その後、タングステンカ
ーバイト製容器中に秤量した粒状長石試料と黒鉛粉末お
よびスチレン−マレイン酸共重合物とを同時に投入し、
振動ミルを用いて8分間乾式粉砕した。最後に、金型を
用いプレス機により成形圧力30tonで成形保持手段を用
いるか又はそのまま直径38mmの蛍光X線分析用の本発明
および比較例のディスク状成形体を作製した。同時に、
黒鉛粉末を添加しない以外は本発明と同様の方法でディ
スク状成形体を作製し、比較例とした。別に、スチレン
−マレイン酸共重合物を添加せずに黒鉛粉末のみを添加
した例と、黒鉛粉末を添加せず湿式粉砕を行った例との
ディスク状成形体を作製し、それぞれ従来例とした。成
形体保持手段は、比較的成形性の悪い試料に対し成形操
作と成形体の取り扱いを容易にするため、成形体を内部
に充填するリングまたはカップである。成形体保持手段
としては、スチールリング、合成樹脂リング、アルミニ
ウムリング、アルミニウムカップ等がいずれも好適に使
用できるが、成形体の変形が少なく繰り返し使用が可能
な点でスチールリングが最も好ましい。
First, prepare a granular feldspar sample having a size of one side of 10 mm or less, graphite powder and styrene-maleic acid copolymer,
The composition shown in Table 1 was weighed. Then, the granular feldspar sample weighed in a tungsten carbide container and graphite powder and styrene-maleic acid copolymer were charged at the same time,
Dry grinding was carried out for 8 minutes using a vibration mill. Finally, a disk-shaped molded product of the present invention and a comparative example for fluorescent X-ray analysis having a diameter of 38 mm was prepared by using a molding machine with a molding machine at a molding pressure of 30 ton and using a molding holding means. at the same time,
A disk-shaped molded body was prepared in the same manner as in the present invention except that graphite powder was not added, and used as a comparative example. Separately, a disk-shaped molded body was prepared with an example in which only the graphite powder was added without adding the styrene-maleic acid copolymer, and an example in which the wet pulverization was performed without adding the graphite powder, and the examples were used as conventional examples. . The molded body holding means is a ring or a cup that fills the molded body in order to facilitate the molding operation and the handling of the molded body for a sample having a relatively poor moldability. A steel ring, a synthetic resin ring, an aluminum ring, an aluminum cup, or the like can be preferably used as the molded body holding means, but a steel ring is most preferable because the molded body is not deformed and can be repeatedly used.

本実施例においては、成形体の直径を38mmとしたが、も
ちろん本発明はこの成形体直径に限定されるものではな
い。例えば、試料の量が少ない時はより小型の金型を用
いて小径の成形体としても良い。成形体の直径として10
mm程度までは本発明を好適に用いて蛍光X線分析に供す
ることができる。
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the molded body was 38 mm, but of course the present invention is not limited to this molded body diameter. For example, when the amount of the sample is small, a compact mold may be used to form a compact having a small diameter. 10 as the diameter of the compact
The present invention can be suitably used for fluorescent X-ray analysis up to about mm.

また、本実施例におては、成形圧力として30ton(約2.6
ton/cm2)を用いたが、本発明はこの成形圧力に限定さ
れるものではない。成形圧力としては、蛍光X線分析に
供されるに足る強度を成形体に与えれば良く、0.2ton/c
m2〜5ton/cm2が好適である。
Further, in this embodiment, the molding pressure is 30 tons (about 2.6 tons).
Although a ton / cm 2 ) was used, the present invention is not limited to this molding pressure. As for the molding pressure, it is sufficient to give the molded body a strength sufficient for being subjected to X-ray fluorescence analysis.
m 2 to 5 ton / cm 2 is preferable.

得られた成形体について成形体の質および蛍光X線によ
るSiO2検量線の正確度を測定して比較した。なお、成形
体の質は、表面平滑度が優れ長期的安定性の高い強固な
成形体が得られたものを◎、クラックのない成形体が得
られるが表面平滑度があまり良くないか又は長期的安定
性に欠けるものを〇、一部クラックが入るため精度は落
ちるが蛍光X線分析可能な成形体が得られるものを△、
成形できなかったものを×とした。また、検量線の正確
度σは標準試料を使用して以下の式より求めた。
With respect to the obtained molded body, the quality of the molded body and the accuracy of the SiO 2 calibration curve by fluorescent X-ray were measured and compared. In addition, the quality of the molded product is ◎ that a strong molded product having excellent surface smoothness and high long-term stability is obtained, and a molded product without cracks is obtained, but the surface smoothness is not very good or long-term ◯ is one that lacks mechanical stability, and one where a molded product that can be analyzed by fluorescent X-ray analysis is obtained, although the accuracy is reduced due to some cracks.
Those that could not be molded were marked with x. The accuracy σ of the calibration curve was calculated from the following formula using a standard sample.

ここで、Cchem:化学分析値 Cxray:蛍光X線分析値 n :検量線の作成に使用した標準試料の数 k :回帰式の推定に使用したパラメータの
数 結果を第1表に示す。
Here, C chem : Chemical analysis value C xray : Fluorescent X-ray analysis value n: Number of standard samples used for preparation of calibration curve k: Number of parameters used for estimation of regression formula The results are shown in Table 1.

第1表の結果から、本発明の前処理方法を実施した試料
は、従来例および比較例と比較して成形性も良好で、か
つ正確な測定が可能であることがわかる。
From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the samples that have been subjected to the pretreatment method of the present invention have better moldability than the conventional examples and comparative examples, and that accurate measurement is possible.

また、他のケイ酸塩試料に対しても同様の測定を実施し
たところ、ほとんど全てのケイ酸塩試料に適用できて数
分で平均粒径約0.5μm前後まで微粉砕できるととも
に、良好なディスク状成形体を容易に得ることができる
ことがわかった。
Moreover, when the same measurement was performed for other silicate samples, it could be applied to almost all silicate samples and could be finely pulverized to an average particle size of about 0.5 μm in a few minutes, and a good disk It was found that a shaped body can be easily obtained.

(発明の効果) 以上詳細に説明したところから明らかなように、本発明
の蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法によれば、黒鉛粉末と
スチレン−マレイン酸共重合物等の成形助剤を試料に対
して同時に又は逐次添加して乾式粉砕することにより、
試料の鉱物効果を著しく軽減して高精度の分析を行うこ
とができる。また、本発明では乾式粉砕しているため試
料調製が短時間で終了するとともに、適当な成形体保持
手段を使用することで成形体を自動的に取り扱うことが
容易になり、前処理を含めて蛍光X線分析全操作の自動
化を容易にすることができる。
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the method for pretreatment of a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample of the present invention, a graphite powder and a molding aid such as a styrene-maleic acid copolymer are used as a sample. By simultaneously or sequentially adding to and dry pulverizing,
Highly accurate analysis can be performed by significantly reducing the mineral effect of the sample. Further, in the present invention, since the sample is dry-milled, the sample preparation is completed in a short time, and it becomes easy to automatically handle the molded body by using an appropriate molded body holding means, including the pretreatment. It is possible to facilitate automation of all operations of fluorescent X-ray analysis.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】蛍光X線分析用の成形体を作製するにあた
り、塊状、粒状又は粉体状の試料に対し、1〜30重量
%の黒鉛粉末と、5〜30重量%の有機物成形助剤とを
同時に又は逐次添加し、乾式粉砕後、プレス成形するこ
とを特徴とする蛍光X線分析試料の前処理方法。
1. When preparing a molded product for fluorescent X-ray analysis, 1 to 30% by weight of graphite powder and 5 to 30% by weight of an organic material molding aid are used for a lump, granular or powdery sample. A method for pretreating a fluorescent X-ray analysis sample, characterized in that and are added simultaneously or sequentially, dry pulverization is performed, and then press molding is performed.
JP62224160A 1987-08-31 1987-09-09 Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample Expired - Fee Related JPH0643975B2 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62224160A JPH0643975B2 (en) 1987-09-09 1987-09-09 Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample
US07/235,560 US4919342A (en) 1987-08-31 1988-08-24 Method of pretreating a sample for X-ray fluorescence analysis
EP95115605A EP0701120B1 (en) 1987-08-31 1988-08-31 Powdery, granular and conglomerate material treating apparatus and analyzing method using the apparatus
DE3855906T DE3855906T2 (en) 1987-08-31 1988-08-31 Process for vitrifying powdered and granular materials
EP88308030A EP0306276B1 (en) 1987-08-31 1988-08-31 Method for vitrifying powdery and granular materials
DE3856530T DE3856530T2 (en) 1987-08-31 1988-08-31 Device for the treatment of powdered, granulated and conglomerated material with associated analysis method
US07/414,479 US4993646A (en) 1987-08-31 1989-09-29 Powdery, granular and conglomerate material treating apparatus
US07/471,628 US5137410A (en) 1987-08-31 1990-01-29 Material supply apparatus for transferring powdery, granular and conglomerated materials
US07/854,566 US5257302A (en) 1987-08-31 1992-03-20 Fluorescent X-ray analyzing system

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JP62224160A JPH0643975B2 (en) 1987-09-09 1987-09-09 Pretreatment method for fluorescent X-ray analysis sample

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EP2787342B1 (en) * 2013-04-05 2017-11-01 PANalytical B.V. Preparation of sample-pellets from milk and dairy products by pressing
CN104181182A (en) * 2014-09-12 2014-12-03 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 Method for rapidly measuring arsenic element in grain by X fluorescent spectrometry
CN104198513A (en) * 2014-09-12 2014-12-10 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 Quick determination method for cadmium element in grains with X-ray fluorescent spectrometry
JP6795970B2 (en) * 2016-12-27 2020-12-02 旭カーボン株式会社 Method for preparing a sample for fluorescent X-ray elemental analysis of liquid raw material oil
CN112485083A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-12 武汉科技大学 Preparation method of sample for chemical analysis of refractory stemming
CN112665936B (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-09-27 通标标准技术服务(天津)有限公司 Detection device for the composition and content of non-ferrous metals in ore

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JPS4946529Y2 (en) * 1971-07-10 1974-12-19
JPS60129651A (en) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-10 Kawasaki Steel Corp Preparation of specimen for fluorescent x-ray analysis
JPS60152941A (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-08-12 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Preparing method of powder sample for fluorescent x-ray analysis

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