JPH0645086B2 - Positioning mechanism for cutting blade position - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a position / position selecting mechanism for various cutting tools for cutting in a headstock moving type automatic lathe.

"Prior art" A headstock moving type automatic lathe, which is one of the automatic lathes for bar processing, slides on a bed to chuck and rotate the bar and a linear movement in the axial direction. A moving headstock, a tool rest that is given a moving action in a direction orthogonal to the sliding direction of this headstock, various tools such as a bite and a drill that are attached to this tool for cutting the above bar, and bar stock The main structure is constituted by a guide bush that supports the vicinity of the machining position and prevents the bending deformation of the work material due to cutting.

That is, the bar material chucked by the spindle and given the rotational motion is fed in the axial direction by sliding of the spindle stock, and is cut by a predetermined knife attached to the toolstock.

Therefore, since the guide bush is used, it has high rigidity against cutting force and is suitable for precision machining of long and slender parts.In addition, various attachments can be used for secondary machining such as horizontal drilling, key groove machining, and back machining. It is characterized by using a single lathe.

An example thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of a numerically controlled automatic lathe.

A long rod-shaped work 1 of several meters penetrates from the back of the headstock 2 and is firmly grasped by the chuck 3 of the main spindle, and the work tip is mounted on the bed 4 with high rigidity on the bush base. The frame 5 is also penetrated.

Then, the headstock 2 is linearly fed by the drive mechanism system of the numerically controlled servomotor 6, and at the same time, the tool rests 7A to 7E radially arranged around the work 1 on the front surface of the bush base frame 5 and the tool attached thereto. 8A to 8E are also configured to feed the work 1 in a consistent and highly efficient manner by feeding the servo motors 9, 9 numerically controlled in a drive mechanism system in sequence.

A more detailed front view of the bush base is as shown in FIG.

In the figure, the work 1 is centered radially, and the left and right 2
In the set, a total of five blades No. 7A to 7E are installed in an opposing arrangement, and are driven by two servo motors 9, 9.

Using the tool holders 10 ... Attached to the turrets 7A to 7E, the required types of knives 8A to 8E are accurately centered and attached.

The relational structure between the bush base frame 5 and the tool rests 7A to 7E is clearly shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in the drawing, the work 1 is pierced and held in the central portion of the bush base frame 5, and the work 1 during cutting is cut. A guide bush 11 is attached so as not to cause rotational shake.

Although details of the drive mechanism are omitted, the output of the servomotor 9 is transmitted to the feed screw shaft 12, and is fixed to the parent nut 13 that constitutes the ball screw pair and the slider 14 that is slidable in the axial direction with high precision. Then, the large-diameter pin 15 or 16 protruding from the slider 14 is brought into contact with the back of the L-shaped block 18 fixed to the bottom surfaces of the tool rests 7A to 7D, which are in a pair and are opposed to each other, Utilizing two types of rotations of the servo motor 9 in the forward and reverse directions, two turrets 7A, 7D or
It is configured to send 7B and 7E individually.

Reference numeral 19 in FIG. 4 is a coil spring in a compressed state for back-moving the tool rest.

In the above example, all of the plurality of working members are always located on the working line, and the working work can be performed if the working members proceed.

As described above, generally, in the headstock moving type automatic lathe, the vicinity of the cutting portion of the bar which is rotated at high speed by the main shaft is rotatably supported by the guide bush to prevent the bar from being deformed and processed. Has been done.

In the above-mentioned FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, all of the plurality of working members (cutting tools) are located on the pre-working work line and indexing is not necessary. While each piece must be equipped with an advancing and retracting mechanism, the processing members are arranged in rows so that the mounting base of the equipment itself can be brought into and out of contact with the work piece by the advancing and retracting mechanism, If it is possible to alternate between 4 positions of machining position and non-machining standby position on the mounting base, machining,
Since a single advancing / retreating mechanism for moving the non-machining position is sufficient, and the space can be greatly reduced, the applicant proposes a new mechanism in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-117700. .

The gist of this is that one of the two piston rods installed in the twin-barrel cylinder block that is separated from both the slider as the mounting base of the machining action member such as the cutting blade and the slide base as the slide guide base of the slider. Is fixed to the slide base so that the cylinder block can be moved to two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide base, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side to set the slider to the cylinder block. On the other hand, it is possible to move the slider to the limit position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod, and eventually to move the slider to four different positions with respect to the slide base.

Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

5a to 5d are a front view, a left side view, and a right side view of the mechanism in which the slider is attached in a manner of covering and the slider is removed.
6A to 6D are views of the lifting mechanism at the 4-position position, and FIG. 7 is a view of a slider mounting mode equipped with a processing member.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a twin cylinder cylinder block having cylinders 21a and 21b, which is assembled in a manner to cover the slide table 22 and the groove 22a in a housing groove 22a formed in the slide table 22. The sliders 23 are arranged as follows in a non-contact separated state.

Cylinders 21a and 21b have pistons 24 and 25 and cylinder lids 26, 26 ', 27 and 27', respectively, and the cylinder volumes must be designed to be the same in order to make them operate synchronously although their strokes may differ. I won't.

The cylinder lid 26 holding the piston 24 is held by an oiling sleeve 28 fixed to the slide base 22, and the opposite cylinder lid 26 'is held by an oiling sleeve 29 fixed to the slide base 22.

A position adjusting screw 30 is formed on one end of the piston 24, and this is fixed to a bracket 31 fixed to the slider 23.

Then, the piston 24 and the slider 23 are integrated.

On the other hand, the other end of the piston 24 abuts the position adjusting screw 32 provided at the tip of the cylinder lid 26 '.

One end of the piston 25 is fixed to the slide base 22 by a cylinder positioning collar 33 and a cylinder fixing nut 34.

Then, the piston 25 and the slide base 22 are integrated.

On the other hand, the other end of the piston 25 is held by a hollow position adjusting screw 35 screwed to the slide base 22.

The cylinder block 21, which is in a floating state in the groove 22a due to the separation relationship between the slide base 22 and the slider 23, is reciprocated by the stroke of the piston 25 by the operation of the piston 25.

Along with this, the cylinder lid 26 slides in the refueling sleeve 28 and the cylinder lid 26 'slides in the refueling sleeve 29 along with the cylinder block 21 by the same stroke.

Due to the combination of the extreme positions and orientations of the pistons 24, 25 with the above configuration, the slider 23 as shown in FIGS.
Will be placed in 4 position.

In the above figure, the oil passages A to D (filled in and shown) connected to both ends of the cylinders 21a and 21b are refueled without using a normal means for connecting flexible hoses to both ends of the cylinder block 21. It is said that it will be engraved in a pair member that composes this mechanism such as a sleeve, a cylinder lid, a piston rod, etc. with a design that can cope with relative displacement.
As a result, the pair members are set to the same temperature, and the deterioration of the operation accuracy due to the expansion left is eliminated.

Further, since the cylinder block 21, which is the largest heating element, is in a floating state in the concave groove 22a in a manner separated from the slide base 22 and the slider 23 as described above, there is an insulating space,
This is preferable because it does not transfer heat and avoids the inconvenience caused by heat transfer expansion.

FIG. 7 shows a mode in which the slider 23 having the cutting blades 36a to 36e is attached to the lifting mechanism.

In the figure, an arrow 37 indicates the moving direction of the slide base 22, and an arrow 38 indicates the moving direction of the slider 23.

In FIG. 5, 39 and 39 'are guide liners for the slide base 22.

Next, the positions shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D will be described in detail.

That is, i) At position [1], the oil passages A and D are filled with oil, and the position is adjusted by the position adjusting screw 40 attached to the bracket 31 so as to abut the oil supply sleeve 28.

ii) At the position [2], oil is supplied to the oil passages A and C, and the position is adjusted by the position adjusting screw 32.

iii) At the position [3], oil is supplied to the oil passages B and D, and the position is adjusted by the position adjusting screw 35.

iv) At the position [4], oil is supplied to the oil passages B and C, and the position is adjusted by the position adjusting screw 30.

Thus, the position of each position can be adjusted, and the position can be selected quickly by easily and stably selecting the position from any position by switching the oil passage to the extreme position at the same speed.

Further, in the vicinity of the limit, there is an advantage that the escape path of the oil becomes a bottleneck and the resistance increases, and the automatic braking action does not cause an impact.

A simplified illustration of FIG. 6 is as shown in FIG. 8a. Incidentally, in the figure, the stroke of the piston 24 is set to be twice the stroke β of the piston 25, and four strokes of equal pitch shown in FIG.

When the stroke of the piston 24 is set to, for example, α (≠ 2β,> β), it is possible to widen between positions [2] and [3] as shown in FIG.

9 (a) and 9 (b) show a mode in which the forward / backward guide liners 39, 39 'are inclined with respect to the bush base frame.

According to this, since the slide base 22 is always given a self-weighting down-biasing force, the slide base 22 can move in the same direction smoothly and with a small driving force.

In the figure, 43 slide table 22 servo motor for moving back and forth, 44
Is a lead screw / nut mechanism using a ball screw and a nut mounted on the servo motor 43, and 45 is a brake device for self-weighting down-sliding that is preferably added to the lead screw / nut mechanism 44.

With the above configuration, the cutting blades 36a to 36e are positioned at four positions, and the slide base 22 is moved to perform the variable-diameter cutting process on the work material.

Incidentally, 36e, which is located on the opposite side to the 36a, is processed under the positioning of 36a.

That is, a total of 5 cutting blades can be operated.

Now, in the case of automatic lathes, not only the above-mentioned variable-diameter cutting work, but also drilling work from the vertical direction to the work material is required. More rotary drilling is also necessary.

Conventionally, in order to satisfy such processing, the means for arranging the turret on the side of the spindle line is equipped on a limited radial line under the same scale as the cutting blade, or drilled from the vertical direction. With regard to the above, an independent moving table was placed on the extension of the main spindle line, and a drill was attached to this.

However, the above means is not preferable because the turret becomes extremely complicated and the means for disposing an independent moving base complicates the tool stand and enlarges the apparatus.

Therefore, the present applicant has a four-position position selection mechanism that is used by being assembled to the above guide bush frame, and includes three cross spindles that are attached with a rotary drive source and that are drilled from the right angle direction in parallel. Of the cross spindles, the pinion shafts meshed with hydraulically driven confronting racks are erected above the center line of the center of the cross spindles, and the pinion shafts have the same spacing as the above three cross spindles. A cross body where three front spindles, which are vertically drilled in a coordinated manner, are assembled to the arm tips and the front arms are integrally connected to form a drill mechanism in two layers, Drilling function in the right angle direction, assuming that the cross spindle is mounted on the slider by screwing in a configuration facing the three cutting tools fixed on the slider. Obtained provided on the slider in a compact and vertical drilling mechanism, and the proposal of cross machining unit to achieve a more effective utilization and further conveniently of 4-position position selection mechanism and by subsequent application.

The unit is mounted in FIG. 9A, and details thereof are shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D.

Nos. 10a to 10d are a longitudinal sectional view of the unit when the front spindle is in operation, a view in the direction of arrow b in the figure, a view in the direction of arrows c to c, and a view in the direction of arrows d to d in the case of the front spindle standby.

In the figure, 100 is the cutting blade 36b on the slider 23 ~
A cross body which is positioned on the opposite side of 36d by positioning pins 101 and 102 and fixed by fixing screws 103, 104 and 105. As shown in FIG. Cross spindles 107, 108, and 109 that can be machined in a right-angled direction are assembled in parallel so as to face the drills b to d.

The rotation movement of the cross spindle 107 to 109 is the drive shaft 110.
Drive gear 11 at the tip of the drive shaft 111 that is more transmitted
2, the drive gear 113 is transmitted and the cross spindle
107 is rotated, and the drive gear 114 is transmitted to rotate the cross spindle 108.
The drive gear 116 is transmitted via the idle gear 115, and the cross spindle 109 rotates.

Then, the cross spindle and 107 to 109 are cutting blades 36b.
~ 36d Operates the drilling on the work material during the backward movement of the cutting edge on the extension line.

As shown in Figure c, there are two parallel through-holes formed in the front and rear of the cross body in the upper layer of the cross spindles 107 to 109, and the tip end is supposed to slide in the sleeve 119 by hydraulic pressure 117 and 118. Pistons 122 and 123 integrally provided with facing racks 120 and 121 are mounted.

In the figure, reference numerals 124 and 125 denote a rack lid and a body lid that cover the front and rear of the above rack mechanism.

As shown in FIG. a, a pinion shaft 126 that engages with the racks 120 and 121 is attached to a shaft hole that is recessed from the upper surface of the cross body 100 and stands up.

The core of the pinion shaft 126 is the cross spindle 1
It shall be on the 108 core wire located in the center of 07-109.

The rising protrusion of the pinion shaft 126 is the cross body.
An arm shaft 128 fixed to 100 with a fixing screw 127 is surrounded by bearings 129 and 130.

The base of a front arm 131 is pivotally fixed to the arm shaft 128, and the front arm 131 is integrated with the pinion shaft 126 via an adjusting arm 132.

That is, as shown in FIGS. A and b, the tip of the adjusting arm 132 whose base is fixed to the upper end of the pinion shaft 126 by the washer 133 and the fixing screw 134 has the adjusting screws 135 and 136.
It is fixed to the front arm 131 via.

Then, the pinion shaft 126 and the front arm 131 are integrated via the adjusting arm 132.

Front spindles 137 to 139 are attached to the front end of the front arm 131 in rows on a line orthogonal to the arm axis via an adjusting sleeve 140 and a fixing nut 141 as shown in FIG.

The front spindles 137 to 139 are arranged at the same intervals as the above-described cross spindles 107 to 109. With the above configuration, the turning of the pinion shaft 126 is converted into the swinging of the front arm 131, but the turning of the pinion shaft 126 is caused by the hydraulic drive of the racks 120, 120.

Bipolar postures of the front arm 131 are shown in FIGS. B, c, and a. Since a is a posture that acts on the work material, stability at that position is important. Since the position 121 is set at the extreme advance position by the hydraulic pressure, the position fixing is extremely reliable and stable, as is clear from the description of the 4-position position selecting mechanism described above.

The cross spindles 107 to 109 and the front spindles 137 to 139 are aligned on the main axis direction line as shown in FIG.

This matching fine adjustment is performed by adjusting screws 135 and 136.

Thus, by swinging the front arm 131 in the manner shown in FIG.
Two processes are possible.

Since the drills on the cross spindle and front spindle can be replaced, various combinations can be made, and these are all the same mounting base cross body.
Since it is mounted on the 100, the combination can be changed very easily and quickly.

Therefore, two types of drilling at right angles and vertical directions can be easily performed on the position extension line of the cutting tools 36b to 36d in the 4-position position selecting mechanism proposed by the present applicant, which is extremely advantageous.

In addition, the component for this purpose is to use the space on the opposite side of the cutting tools 36b to 36d in a rational and effective manner and to provide two types of drilling functions in two layers, which makes the device compact. . Therefore, the device does not increase in size at all, the space occupied by the device can be kept small, and the multifunctional downsizing can be achieved.

Further, since the operation position and the standby position conversion of the front spindle are set to the hydraulic limit position, it is very preferable that the position is maintained quickly and stably during operation.

In addition, since the front spindle swings to be converted into the operating position and the standby position, it is advantageous that chips do not accumulate in the tool.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, in the case of the headstock moving type automatic lathe, the above 4
If the positions can be increased without making the positions complicated and large, it is naturally preferable that the functions be further improved.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned right-angled drilling and vertical drilling, there may be a demand for a face slitting work performed from the right-angled direction, and it is more preferable if the demand can be met.

"Means for Solving Problems" and "Operation" The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its gist is to provide a slider as a mounting base for a cutting blade and a slide guide base for the slider. One of the two piston rods equipped in the twin-barreled cylinder block that is separated for both slide bases is fixed to the slide base side, and the cylinder block is positioned at two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide base. And the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side so that the slider can be moved to the limit position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the cylinder block, and eventually the slider is different from the slide base in four different positions. In a 4-position position selection mechanism that can be moved to any position, Fixing with the stone rod by interposing a cylinder having a half stroke of the piston rod, and further by providing a flow rate adjusting valve circuit in the fixed piston rod driving hydraulic circuit on the slide base side, The point is that the number of positions has been increased from four to eight, and it is possible to perform face slide machining simply by replacing the cross spindle.

[Example] Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1A to 1D are a front view, a left side view and a right side view of a position / position selecting mechanism of the present invention, and a view from d to d in FIG.

In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals or symbols are omitted.

In the figure, reference numeral 200 denotes a cylinder added to the bracket 31, and a tip of the piston 24 is fixed to a piston 201 mounted on the cylinder 200 via the position adjusting screw 30.

The stroke of the piston 201 is set to half that of the piston 24.

In the figure, 200a and 200b are cylinder lids.

Although the illustrated mode is a mode in which oil pressure is applied to the oil passage F of the oil passages E and F provided in the cylinder 200, the fixed positional relationship between the piston 24 and the slider 23 at this time is the fifth embodiment described above.
Matches the figure.

That is, with the oil pressure being applied to the oil passage F, the oil passages A to
By applying hydraulic pressure to D, the sixth
The four positions shown in FIGS. And the above 4
When hydraulic pressure is applied to the oil passage E at the position position, the slider 23 is displaced by the stroke of the piston 201, that is, the stroke of half of the piston 24.

Therefore, 4 positions + 4 positions = 8 positions are established.

The eight positions are shown in FIGS.

In the figure, e, g, i, and k match with FIG.
i and l are displaced by half the stroke from those in FIGS. 6A to 6D.

Therefore, in addition to the four positions shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, a new four position displaced by half the stroke of the piston 24 is added.
Positions will be added.

As shown in FIG. 1m corresponding to FIG. 9a, the position newly added in this way is used, for example, from the mounting base frame of the cutting blade 36b to the cutting blades 36b and 36b.
Take-out arm 20 for spindle mounting at an intermediate position with c
By adding 2 and arranging a new cutting blade at the intermediate position (newly added position), the function can be improved.

Next, FIG. 1n is a control explanatory view of the oil passages C and D of the cylinder 21b which is added to the above construction, and as shown in FIG.
In addition to the hydraulic switching valve 203 having the valves A ₁ A ₂ , the oil passage C
A hydraulic switching valve 205 having a new valve B ₁ B ₂ having a flow rate adjusting valve 204 is additionally provided on the way.

Then, when the hydraulic pressure switching valve 203 is switched to A ₂ and the hydraulic pressure switching valve 205 is switched to B ₂ , the flow rate adjusting valve 204 can be operated, and the piston
You can control the speed of 25 freely.

Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 1m, the cross spindle 107 is replaced with a spindle 206 for face sliding.
If it is installed, first, the spindle 206 is first positioned at an eccentric position intermediate between the cutting blades 36a and 36b, and then hydraulic pressure is applied to the oil passage C via the flow rate adjusting valve 204, so that the piston 25 If it is done slowly while visually observing the stroke (crossing the work), it is possible to make the face slide machining spindle 206 act on the work material under suitable conditions.

That is, in this case, the piston 25 is used not only for positioning, but also for face sliding.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the position selection function of the four-position position selection mechanism previously proposed by the present applicant is doubled, and further, the position selection function is utilized to make a chamfer. Split machining is possible, and the functional improvement of the 4-position position selection mechanism is significantly enhanced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIGS. 1a to 1d are configuration explanatory views of a position position selecting mechanism of the present invention, FIGS. 1e to 1 are 8-position modes of the present invention, and FIG. 1m is a front view of a guide bush frame embodying the present invention. FIG. 1n is an explanatory view of control of the oil passages C and D of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are explanatory views of an example of a headstock moving type automatic lathe,
5 to 8 are explanatory views of a 4-position position selection mechanism proposed by the applicant in the prior application, and FIGS. 9A and 9B are drawings of a headstock moving type automatic lathe equipped with the 4-position position selection mechanism. Front and back view of guide bush frame, Fig. 10 a to d
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cloth processing unit. 200 …… Cylinder, 200a, 200b …… Cylinder lid, 201
...... Piston, 202 …… Take-out arm, 203 …… Hydraulic switching valve, 204 …… Flow rate adjusting valve, 205 …… Hydraulic switching valve, 206 …… Spindle.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. One of two piston rods provided in a twin-barrel cylinder block having a separate structure for both a slider as a mounting base of a cutting blade and a slide base as a slide guide base of the slider is fixed to the slide base side. Then, the cylinder block can be moved to the two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide base, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side so that the slider is attached to the cylinder block with respect to the piston rod. In a four-position position selection mechanism in which the slider can be moved to four extreme positions with respect to the slide base, and the slider and piston rod can be fixed to half the piston rod. Fix with a stroke cylinder of Cutting edge position position selection mechanism, characterized in that to become to. 2. One of two piston rods mounted on a twin cylinder cylinder block having a separate structure for both a slider as a mounting base of a cutting blade and a slide base as a slide guide base of the slider is fixed to the slide base side. Then, the cylinder block can be moved to the two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide base, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side so that the slider is attached to the cylinder block with respect to the piston rod. In a four-position position selection mechanism in which the slider can be moved to four extreme positions with respect to the slide base, and the slider and piston rod can be fixed to half the piston rod. Fix with a stroke cylinder of And further the cutting blade position position selecting mechanism characterized by comprising as adding configure the flow control valve circuit in a hydraulic circuit of the piston rod drive fixed to the slide table side.