JPH0646154B2 - Cooling and heating water heater using metal hydride - Google Patents
Cooling and heating water heater using metal hydrideInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0646154B2 JPH0646154B2 JP60247418A JP24741885A JPH0646154B2 JP H0646154 B2 JPH0646154 B2 JP H0646154B2 JP 60247418 A JP60247418 A JP 60247418A JP 24741885 A JP24741885 A JP 24741885A JP H0646154 B2 JPH0646154 B2 JP H0646154B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal hydride
- hydrogen
- high temperature
- temperature gas
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 63
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は工場廃熱等により駆動される金属水素化物を利
用した冷暖房給湯装置に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heating / cooling water heater using a metal hydride driven by factory waste heat or the like.
従来の技術 TiMn系合金に代表される金属水素化物は、ある温度、圧
力条件のもとで水素ガスを吸蔵して発熱反応を行ない、
別の温度、圧力条件のもとでは水素ガスを放出して吸熱
反応を行なう。金属水素化物の上記の特性を利用して金
属水素化物が水素と反応する際の反応熱を適当な熱媒に
より熱交換することによって外部に取り出し、温熱発生
時には暖房給湯用として、冷熱発生時には冷房用として
利用することができる。駆動用熱源として高温の工業廃
ガスを用いた冷暖房給湯装置の従来の構成例を第２図に
示す。2. Description of the Related Art Metal hydrides typified by T i M n alloys occlude hydrogen gas under certain temperature and pressure conditions and undergo exothermic reaction,
Under different temperature and pressure conditions, hydrogen gas is released to cause an endothermic reaction. Utilizing the above characteristics of metal hydride, the heat of reaction when metal hydride reacts with hydrogen is taken out by exchanging heat with an appropriate heat medium, and is used for heating and hot water when heat is generated and for cooling when heat is generated. It can be used for business. FIG. 2 shows a conventional configuration example of a cooling and heating hot water supply apparatus using high-temperature industrial waste gas as a driving heat source.
同図に示すように２つの異なる水素吸蔵平衡圧を有する
金属水素化物１（ＭＨ１と呼ぶ）及び金属水化物２（Ｍ
Ｈ２）は、金属水素化物収容容器３および４内に充填さ
れており、特に金属水素化物収容容器３は複数の管状の
容器に分割されている。金属水素化物３および４は水素
導管５によって連通しており、前記導管５の途中にバル
ブ６が設けられている。複数に分割された金属水素化物
収容容器３は高温ガス通路７内に設置されており高温ガ
ス８により加熱されるようになっている。金属水素化物
収容容器４には熱媒体流路９が設けられ金属水素化物が
水素を吸蔵解離する際の反応熱を熱交換により熱媒体に
伝達するように構成されている。As shown in the figure, a metal hydride 1 (referred to as MH 1 ) and a metal hydrate 2 (M) having two different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures.
H 2 ) is filled in the metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4, and in particular, the metal hydride storage container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. The metal hydrides 3 and 4 communicate with each other through a hydrogen conduit 5, and a valve 6 is provided in the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3 divided into a plurality of parts is installed in the high temperature gas passage 7 and is heated by the high temperature gas 8. A heat medium passage 9 is provided in the metal hydride container 4, and is configured to transfer reaction heat when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen to the heat medium by heat exchange.
今、ＭＨ１からＭＨ２へ水素を移動させる場合を考え
る。水素移動開始前にはＭＨ１はＭＨ２よりも水素の吸
蔵量が多い状態にある。高温ガス８によりＭＨ１は高温
に加熱され、水素平衡圧力が一方のＭＨ２より高くな
り、バルブ６を開けることによって水素はＭＨ１からＭ
Ｈ２へ移動する。このときＭＨ２は水素を吸蔵するため
発熱反応を起こし発生した熱は熱媒体により外部へ取り
だされる。ここで金属水素化物収容容器３が高温ガス８
より加熱される際高温ガス８に最も近接した最前列のＭ
Ｈ１の温度が最も高く、高温ガス８の流動方向に従って
ＭＨ１との熱交換により高温ガス８の温度が低下すると
ともに、また温度の低下により高温ガスの流速が減少す
るため熱伝達率も低下し、後列にいくに従ってＭＨ１の
加熱される温度は低くなる。Now, consider the case of moving hydrogen from MH 1 to MH 2 . Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MH 1 has a larger amount of hydrogen storage than MH 2 . The high temperature gas 8 heats the MH 1 to a high temperature, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than one of the MH 2 , and by opening the valve 6, the hydrogen is moved from the MH 1 to the MH 1.
Move to H 2 . At this time, since MH 2 absorbs hydrogen, an exothermic reaction occurs and the generated heat is taken out by the heat medium. Here, the metal hydride storage container 3 is the high temperature gas 8
M in the front row closest to the hot gas 8 when heated more
The temperature of H 1 is the highest, and the temperature of the high temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat exchange with the MH 1 in accordance with the flow direction of the high temperature gas 8, and the flow rate of the high temperature gas decreases due to the decrease in temperature, so the heat transfer coefficient also decreases. However, the temperature at which the MH 1 is heated decreases as it goes to the rear row.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 以上述べたように高温ガスによって、複数に分割された
金属水素化物収容容器を加熱するとき、金属水素化物の
各収容容器間に温度分布が生じる。温度が低い部分の金
属水素化物はその水素解離平衡圧が低くなり、対になっ
た他の金属水素化物収容容器へ水素を移動させる場合、
水素移動量は温度の高い部分の金属水素化物に較べて少
なくなり、金属水素化物としての利用が悪くなるという
問題点があった。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when the metal hydride storage container divided into a plurality of pieces is heated by the high temperature gas, a temperature distribution occurs between the metal hydride storage containers. When the temperature of the metal hydride is low, the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure becomes low, and when hydrogen is transferred to another pair of metal hydride storage containers,
The amount of transferred hydrogen is smaller than that of the metal hydride in the high temperature portion, and there is a problem that the utilization as a metal hydride is deteriorated.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は上記問題点を解決するため、複数の容器に分割
されて高温ガスの通路内に設置され加熱を受ける場合に
高温ガスの通路断面積を、金属水素化物収容容器の設置
された範囲内において、高温ガスの流動方向に従って縮
小するものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a metal hydride having a cross-sectional area of a hot gas passage which is divided into a plurality of containers and installed in a hot gas passage to be heated. Within the range where the storage container is installed, it shrinks according to the flow direction of the high temperature gas.
作用 本発明は上記構成により、高温ガスによって複数に分割
された金属水素化物収容容器を加熱して、水素を放出さ
せる際、各収容容器の温度分布を均一にして水素放出量
を一定にすることができ、合金の利用率の均一化が図れ
る。Effect of the Invention With the above configuration, when the metal hydride storage container divided into a plurality of parts by the high temperature gas is heated to release hydrogen, the temperature distribution of each storage container is made uniform and the hydrogen release amount is made constant. The alloy utilization rate can be made uniform.
実施例 以下本発明の一実施例を添付図面にもとづいて説明す
る。第１図は本発明の一実施例を示した冷暖房給湯装置
の構成図である。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a cooling and heating hot water supply device showing an embodiment of the present invention.
金属水素化物１（ＭＨ１）は多数に分割された管状の金
属水素化物収容容器３に等量づつ充填されている。金属
水素化物２（ＭＨ２）は金属水素化物収容容器４に充填
されている。管状の金属水素化物収容容器３の端部には
それぞれ水素ガスが流出入するための配管が接続されて
おり、それらが集合して最終的に一本の水素導管５を形
成している。金属水素化物収容容器４は水素導管５によ
って金属水素化物収容容器３と連通している。水素導管
５の途中にはバルブ６が設けられている。多数の管状の
金属水素化物収容容器３は高温ガス通路７に設置され、
高温気体ガス８より加熱されるように構成されている。
高温ガス通路７は、高温ガス８の流動する方向にその流
路断面積が縮小している。また管状に分割された金属水
素化物収容容器３は高温ガス８の流動方向に直角の方向
の配列ピッチが、高温ガス８の流動する方向に徐々に間
隔がせばまっている。また同様に高温ガス８の流動方向
の配列ピッチも徐々に間隔がせばまっている。The metal hydride 1 (MH 1 ) is filled in equal amounts in the tubular metal hydride storage container 3 divided into a large number. The metal hydride 2 (MH 2 ) is filled in the metal hydride container 4. Pipes for inflowing and outflowing hydrogen gas are respectively connected to the end portions of the tubular metal hydride container 3, and these are assembled to finally form one hydrogen conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 4 communicates with the metal hydride storage container 3 by a hydrogen conduit 5. A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the hydrogen conduit 5. A large number of tubular metal hydride storage containers 3 are installed in the hot gas passage 7,
It is configured to be heated by the high temperature gas gas 8.
The hot gas passage 7 has a flow passage cross-sectional area reduced in the direction in which the hot gas 8 flows. In the metal hydride storage container 3 divided into tubular shapes, the arrangement pitch in the direction perpendicular to the flowing direction of the high temperature gas 8 is gradually arranged in the flowing direction of the high temperature gas 8. Similarly, the arrangement pitch of the high temperature gas 8 in the flowing direction is also gradually spaced.
金属水素化物収容容器４には、熱媒体流路９が設けら
れ、金属水素化物２が水素を吸蔵あるいは解離する際の
反応熱を熱媒体に伝達し外部に取り出せるように構成さ
れている。A heat medium passage 9 is provided in the metal hydride container 4, and is configured so that reaction heat when the metal hydride 2 occludes or dissociates hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium to the outside.
上記構成の冷暖房給湯装置において、金属水素化物１
（ＭＨ１）から金属水素化物２（ＭＨ２）へ水素を移動
させてＭＨ２が水素を吸蔵する際の反応熱を熱媒体流路
９内の熱媒体に伝達し外部に取り出して暖房あるいは給
湯として利用しようとする場合を考える。金属水素化物
１より水素を放出させるために、多数に分割された金属
水素化物収容容器３は高温ガス８により加熱されるが、
金属水素化物収容容器３の高温ガス８流入側の部分は、
配列ピッチ及び流路７の断面積が広いため、高温ガス８
の流速が低く、熱伝達率も低くなり、高温ガス８の温度
は高いものの、金属水素化物１の温度はあまりあがらな
い。ところが高温ガス８の流出側に向かうに従って配列
ピッチ及び流路７の断面積は小さくなっていくため、前
段までの熱伝達によって高温ガス８の温度は下がってい
るものの、高温ガス８の流速は早くなっており、従って
熱伝達率も高くなるため、金属水素化物１の温度は前段
までのものと変わらず、全体に金属水素化物１の温度は
均一に加熱されることになる。In the cooling / heating water heater having the above structure, the metal hydride 1
The heat of reaction when hydrogen is transferred from (MH 1 ) to metal hydride 2 (MH 2 ) and MH 2 stores the hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium in the heat medium flow passage 9 and taken out to the outside for heating or hot water supply. Consider the case of trying to use as. In order to release hydrogen from the metal hydride 1, the metal hydride container 3 divided into a large number is heated by the high temperature gas 8,
The portion of the metal hydride container 3 on the high temperature gas 8 inflow side is
Since the arrangement pitch and the cross-sectional area of the flow path 7 are wide, the high temperature gas 8
Flow rate is low, the heat transfer rate is low, and the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 is high, but the temperature of the metal hydride 1 does not rise so much. However, since the array pitch and the cross-sectional area of the flow path 7 become smaller toward the outflow side of the hot gas 8, the temperature of the hot gas 8 is lowered by heat transfer up to the preceding stage, but the flow velocity of the hot gas 8 is high. Therefore, since the heat transfer coefficient is also increased, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 is the same as that of the previous stage, and the temperature of the metal hydride 1 is uniformly heated.
従ってバルブ６を開けて水素ガスを金属水素化物２へ向
かって放出させる場合、多数に分割された金属水素化物
１の温度が均一であるため、水素平衡圧力も均一とな
り、全ての分割された金属水素化物収容容器３から等量
ずつの水素が放出されることになる。つまり、分割され
た金属水素化物収容容器３の各分割要素において、内部
に充填された金属水素化物１の水素吸蔵放出能力を均一
に利用することができるのである。Therefore, when the valve 6 is opened to release the hydrogen gas toward the metal hydride 2, the temperature of the divided metal hydride 1 is uniform, so that the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is also uniform, and all the divided metals are separated. Equal amounts of hydrogen are released from the hydride container 3. That is, in each of the divided elements of the divided metal hydride container 3, the hydrogen storage / release capacity of the metal hydride 1 filled inside can be utilized uniformly.
発明の効果 本発明は、以上説明から明らかなように、水素吸蔵平衡
圧の異なる２種の金属水素化物を内蔵した一対の金属水
素化物収容容器を互いに連通させて相互に水素の移動を
行なわせて金属水素化物が水素を吸蔵あるいは放出する
際の反応熱を暖房給湯あるいは冷房に利用する構成と
し、一方の金属水素化物収容容器を複数に分割して高温
ガスの通路内に設置し、この高温ガスの通路断面積を、
高温ガスの流動方向に従って縮小するように構成するこ
とにより、分割された金属水素化物収容容器内の金属水
素化物の温度を均一に上昇させることができる。その結
果、対になった他の金属水素化物収容容器へ水素を移動
させる際に分割された各金属水素化物収容容器から等量
づつの水素ガスが放出されることになり、合金の利用率
の均一化が図れる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is apparent from the above description, the present invention allows a pair of metal hydride storage containers containing two types of metal hydrides having different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures to communicate with each other so that hydrogen can be transferred to each other. The reaction heat when the metal hydride absorbs or releases hydrogen is used for heating and hot water supply or cooling, and one of the metal hydride storage containers is divided into multiple parts and installed in the hot gas passage. The cross-sectional area of the gas passage,
The temperature of the metal hydride in each of the divided metal hydride storage containers can be uniformly increased by the configuration in which the temperature is reduced in accordance with the flow direction of the hot gas. As a result, an equal amount of hydrogen gas is released from each of the divided metal hydride storage containers when hydrogen is transferred to the other paired metal hydride storage container. Uniformity can be achieved.
第１図は本発明の一実施例における金属水素化物利用冷
暖房給湯装置の構成図、第２図は従来の冷暖房給湯装置
の構成図である。 １，２……金属水素化物、３，４……金属水素化物収容
容器、５……水素導管、７……高温ガス通路、８……高
温ガス、９……熱媒体流路。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a cooling / heating water heater using metal hydride in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional cooling / heating water heater. 1, 2 ... Metal hydride, 3, 4 ... Metal hydride storage container, 5 ... Hydrogen conduit, 7 ... High temperature gas passage, 8 ... High temperature gas, 9 ... Heat medium flow path.
Claims (2)
物を内蔵した一対の金属水素化物収容容器を互いに連通
させ、相互に水素の移動を行なわせて金属水素化物が水
素を吸蔵あるいは解離する際の反応熱を暖房給湯あるい
は冷房に利用する構成とし、少くとも一方の金属水素化
物収容容器を複数の容器に分割して高温ガスの通路内に
設置し、前記高温ガスの流路断面積を、前記金属水素化
物収容容器の設置された範囲内において、前記高温ガス
の流動方向に従って縮小する構成とした金属水素化物利
用冷暖房給湯装置。1. A pair of metal hydride storage vessels containing two kinds of metal hydrides having different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures are communicated with each other so that hydrogen is transferred to each other so that the metal hydride absorbs or dissociates hydrogen. The reaction heat at the time of heating is used for heating hot water supply or cooling, and at least one metal hydride storage container is divided into a plurality of containers and installed in the passage of the high temperature gas, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the high temperature gas is set. In the range in which the metal hydride storage container is installed, the cooling and heating water heater using metal hydride is configured to be reduced in accordance with the flow direction of the high temperature gas.
高温ガスの流動方向に対して直交する方向の配列ピッチ
が前記高温ガスの流動方向に従って減少する構成とした
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の金属水素化物利用冷暖房給
湯装置。2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an arrangement pitch of a plurality of divided metal hydride storage containers in a direction orthogonal to a flowing direction of the high temperature gas decreases in accordance with the flowing direction of the high temperature gas. A heating / cooling water heater using the metal hydride described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60247418A JPH0646154B2 (en) | 1985-11-05 | 1985-11-05 | Cooling and heating water heater using metal hydride |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60247418A JPH0646154B2 (en) | 1985-11-05 | 1985-11-05 | Cooling and heating water heater using metal hydride |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62106291A JPS62106291A (en) | 1987-05-16 |
| JPH0646154B2 true JPH0646154B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=17163139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60247418A Expired - Lifetime JPH0646154B2 (en) | 1985-11-05 | 1985-11-05 | Cooling and heating water heater using metal hydride |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0646154B2 (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-11-05 JP JP60247418A patent/JPH0646154B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62106291A (en) | 1987-05-16 |
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