JPH064930B2 - Method for mercerizing roving yarn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a mercerizing method for roving yarn.

(Prior Art) Cotton and cotton-blended fibers are subjected to mercerizing (mercerizing) in order to impart gloss, improve dimensional stability, increase hygroscopicity and strength. Generally, mercerizing is performed in the form of woven or knitted fabric, but there is a problem that the texture of the fabric is hardened due to the strong shrinking action of the cotton fibers associated with the mercerizing and the bulkiness and flexibility are impaired. For this reason, there is a method of treating the yarn before knitting or weaving, but in the case of mercerizing the yarn, it is often carried out in a skein shape because of problems such as tension control, and there is a problem of productivity. As a solution to this problem, there is a proposal such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-47783, but the productivity is still not improved.

With these conventional techniques, it is difficult to develop a material having bulkiness and good dyeability and productivity, and mercerizing in the pre-spinning process has been desired. However, when the raw cotton is simply mercerized by using a high-concentration caustic soda solution, the raw cotton becomes a solid mass, making it difficult to break the cotton, and spinning becomes almost impossible. Also, after the above treatment, a large amount of short fibers becomes waste cotton from the mixed cotton step to the combing step.

In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-27
Japanese Patent No. 188 discloses a method of continuous mercerizing in a sliver state.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-27188 is not suitable for small-quantity production because it has a facility problem and is a continuous method for mass production. There are problems.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems by solving the problems described in Japanese Patent Publication No.
Focusing on the state of roving, which is the state following the sliver state targeted by No. 27188, the present invention provides a method for industrially advantageously performing alkali treatment in the state of cheese.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention, short fibers containing cellulosic fibers are made into roving through a spinning process, and the roving is made into 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3.
After forming cheese by winding at a winding density of ³ , the cheese is set in a closed container, and a high-concentration caustic soda solution having a temperature of 40 to 60 ° C. is applied to the cheese under a high pressure of 1 kg / cm ² or more. It is characterized in that it is subjected to a treatment for fluidization, then washed with water and neutralized.

The short fibers containing cellulosic fibers used in the present invention include cotton yarn which is a natural cellulose short fiber suitable for mercerizing, and synthetic fibers that can be mixed with cotton yarn, polyamide fibers (for example, nylon 6, nylon). 6.
6), polyacrylonitrile fiber (for example, polyethylene terephthalate), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (for example, vinylon), polyolefin fiber (for example, polyethylene), polyurethane mixed fiber and the like mixed fiber. These short fibers are made into a sliver through a known spinning process, that is, a process of kneading cotton, carding, kneading, etc., and further wound into a roving form through a roving process.

In the present invention, the roving yarn is not particularly limited as long as it can be wound up on a bobbin or the like to form a cheese, but it is usually 0.
It is about 2 to 0.5 g / m. Alternatively, it is preferable that the roving is twisted about 0.5 to 2 times / inch as is generally done.

In the present invention, the mercerizing process is performed on the roving yarn state, but it is extremely difficult to perform the mercerizing process or the liquid flow treatment such as dyeing on the roving state. The reason is, as described in the above-mentioned prior art, a single fiber or a state in which the fibers are simply arranged in parallel, such as raw dyeing, carding, kneading sliver, or wool top dyeing, is subjected to liquid flow treatment. To do is relatively simple, as it has already been done. Further, it can be said that this is also easy for yarn dyeing because the yarn itself is completed in a form that is easy to handle. But,
Usually, the roving is wound around a plastic bobbin or a wood pipe, and cannot be used as it is for liquid flow treatment such as dyeing. Also, the strength and elongation are weak when it is rewound on the dyeing tube,
Since it takes time and effort, it is practically impossible.

In the present invention, the roving is wound on a bobbin that can be directly subjected to the liquid flow treatment, and the liquid flow treatment described below is performed to enable mercerizing in the state of the roving. Such a bobbin is made of metal, plastic, or wood pipe and has a number of small holes formed in a cotton pad as shown in FIG. Any material can be used as long as it can be placed and the processing liquid can be discharged through the small holes. Also, JP-A-62-21506
If the dyeing bobbin (FIG. 2) having the shape disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 0 is designed and adjusted so that the roving can be wound up, each roving is brought into close contact with each other by compression after lamination, and the mercer is effective. Can be done.

When the roving is wound on the bobbin, it is necessary to softly wind the roving so that the winding density is 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm ^3. Can be used. If the winding density is within the above range, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but it is difficult to wind it into a cheese shape with a density of less than 0.15 g / cm ³ by a winder that is usually used, and
When it exceeds 0.3 g / cm ³ , problems such as yarn breakage occur, so 0.15-0.3 g / cm ³ is more preferable. Furthermore,
When the winding density is 0.18 g / cm ³ or more, the shrinkage of the roving yarn associated with the mercerizing is small, which is convenient.
If it is 4 g / cm ³ or less, it depends on the flow rate of the processing liquid,
Caustic soda penetrates uniformly, and the number of treated spots is extremely small.

The soft-rolled cheese thus prepared is set in a closed container such as a known cheese dyeing machine and pressurized with an air pump or the like to inject a caustic soda solution, which will be described later, for processing. The pressure to be applied depends on the cheese winding density, the processing flow rate, etc., but in order to reduce uneven processing, it is 1 kg / cm ² or more, preferably 2.0 kg.
A pressure of / cm ^{2 to} 4.0 kg / cm ² is good. When the pressure is less than 1.0 kg / cm ² , unevenness of alkali treatment is likely to occur, and when the pressure is 4.0 kg / cm ² or more,
There is a risk that cheese moth will be destroyed, and no significant effect will be seen if the pressure is increased too much.

The caustic soda solution used in the present invention has a high concentration, that is, a caustic soda amount of about 18 to 30% by weight, and is appropriately selected from the range depending on the type of the object to be treated and the degree of treatment.
The treatment temperature of the caustic soda solution can be selected in the range of 40 to 60 ° C, but if it is 40 ° C or lower, there is a problem in the uniformity of treatment, and if it is 60 ° C or higher, the tenacity of the roving is reduced and the spinnability is reduced. Problems occur.

Further, an anionic surfactant may be added to the caustic soda solution. The anionic surfactant can be selected from commercially available penetrants for mercerizing. As anionic surfactants, polyethylene glycol ether sulfate ester-based, olefins sulfate ester-based, amide-bound sulfate ester-based, ester-bound sulfate ester-based, ester-bound sulfonate-amide-bound sulfonate -Ether bond sulfonate type-alkyl allyl sulfonate type-Ester bond alkyl allyl sulfonate type-Amide bond alkyl allyl sulfonate type etc. It is preferable to add one or two or more of these surfactants within the above concentration range, and it is particularly preferable to use a higher alcohol sulfate surfactant having a high penetrating power. Also, the concentration is 0.1
% To about 1% (owf) depending on the winding density of the object to be treated. Such an anionic surfactant has a function of sufficiently giving deaeration and penetration effects to cheese. Further, a solvent such as tetrachloroethylene may be appropriately added to the caustic soda solution.

The treatment with the caustic soda solution is efficient when continuously performed in a closed container such as a cheese dyeing machine used for pressurization. When using the cheese dyeing machine, the bath ratio is 1: 5 to 1:10.
It is better to treat the solution in a degree, and a caustic soda solution may be prepared in the sub tank in advance. In this case, the treatment is performed for about 20 to 40 minutes while using the bobbin as described above to flow the solution through the small holes of the bobbin at a flow rate of about 5 to 30 / min · kg. The flow direction of the solution may be IN-OUT discharged from the bobbin to the roving yarn side or OUT-IN sucked from the roving yarn side into the bobbin.
OUT is preferable because uniform alkali treatment can be performed.

Further, prior to the alkali treatment, the cheese is immersed in a solution in which the anionic surfactant is dissolved in an amount of about 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, and the cheese is sufficiently deaerated and permeated to obtain a wet state. It is also preferable to perform alkali treatment.

The object to be treated after such treatment is further thoroughly rinsed with hot water, rinsed with water, subjected to a neutralized oil agent treatment, and then dehydrated and dried. The drying method is also not particularly limited, but a high-frequency vacuum dryer or the like publicly used in the cheese dyeing method can be used to obtain a uniformly dried state and a finish with a good texture.

The mercerized roving obtained in this way feels hard due to shrinkage during mercerizing, but since the work of the spinning machine is further disentangled by the draft,
As a result, the flexibility of the yarn is restored, and it has a luster that is not present in ordinary spun yarn.

(Example) The test method which is the basis of the numerical values in the examples is as follows.

Cotton fiber swelling degree Observed by electron micrograph Barium activity number It is the value to measure the degree of mercerizing, and it was calculated by the following formula based on the degree of absorption of barium hydroxide by this cotton fiber.

No = N / 1 for a barium hydroxide standard number of 10 cc
Droplet constant of 0HCl Nm = Drop constant of N / 10HCl in mother liquor 10cc when immersed in mercerized cotton Nu = Drop constant of N / 10HCl in mother liquor 10cc when immersed in untreated cotton Feeling Bending KES-FB Feeling measurement It was measured with a KES-FB2 pure bending tester of the system.

Feeling compression Measured with a KES-FB3 compression tester of a KES-FB texture measuring system.

Bursting strength JIS L-1096A method (Mullen method) Uniformity of treatment and dyeing density Remazol Black B
It was stained with 5% owf, and the staining density and the quality of the stained surface were evaluated.

Example 1 A raw cotton prepared by mixing cotton fibers and polyester fibers in a weight ratio of 3: 1 was subjected to a conventional spinning process to roving 0.4 of roving.
g / m, which is 0.2 g on the bobbin shown in FIG.
The cheese was rolled up at a winding density of / cm ³ . Next, 50 pieces of the cheese (weight 50 kg of roving yarn) were put into a cheese dyeing machine (LLC-50 / 60 type manufactured by Hisaka Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and an anionic surfactant (Silpit P-25, one-sided oil and fats Co., Ltd.) Made) 0.2% aqueous solution, flow rate 30 /
The cheese was thoroughly degassed and permeated in minutes / kg. After drainage, a caustic soda concentration of 21% and an anionic surfactant (Silpit P-25, manufactured by Yushisha Co., Ltd.) 0.2% aqueous solution were prepared and placed in a dyeing machine, and then 2.5 k by an air pump.
Applying a pressure of g / cm ² , in the flow direction of In-Out,
The flow rate was set to 10 l / min · kg and the treatment was performed at 50 ° C for 30 minutes. After treatment, rinse with water for 20 minutes and rinse with hot water for 80 minutes
℃ 10 minutes, neutralize at 80 ℃ 10 minutes, 40 ℃
Was softened with a spinning oil for 10 minutes. The obtained alkali-treated roving was dehydrated, dried, set in a spinning machine, and then defibrated by a draft to obtain a spun yarn of No. 30. The spun yarn obtained was knitted into an interlock structure by a 32-gauge double-sided circular knitting machine, and exposed, dyeed, applied with a finishing agent, and dried and finished set by a generally known method.

Comparative Example 1 The same roving as that used in Example 1 was used, and the same procedure was performed except that the alkali treatment was not performed.

Comparative Example 2 All were the same except that the same roving as that used in Example 1 was used, alkali treatment was not performed in the state of the roving, and mercerizing was added after bleaching in the state of the knitted fabric. Processed.

Comparative Example 3 The same roving as that used in Example 1 was used and treated in the same manner under normal pressure.

The results obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, the example is more advantageous than Comparative examples 1 and 3 in terms of dyeing density and uneven dyeing, and Comparative example 2 in which mercerizing is performed on the knitted fabric is inferior in texture and bulkiness. It is shown that.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention can industrially obtain a material having a very bulky texture and good dyeability by performing mercerizing treatment in the state of roving. The range of applications will be significantly expanded.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are explanatory views of a bobbin suitable for use in carrying out the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A short fiber containing a cellulosic fiber is made into a roving through a spinning process, and this is made into 0.1 to 0.5 g / c.
After forming cheese by winding it at a winding density of m ³ , the cheese is set in a closed container, and a high-concentration caustic soda solution having a temperature of 40 to 60 ° C. is applied to the cheese under a high pressure of 1 kg / cm ² or more. A method for mercerizing roving, which comprises rinsing and then neutralizing.