JPH0649860A - Earth and sand conveying method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] When carrying out excavated earth and sand, make properties such as viscosity of the earth and sand uniform to facilitate handling. [Structure] The excavated earth and sand A is filled in a breathable mold 3 to form a mass of sand B having a constant shape and size, and the mass of sand B is put in the mold 3 and placed in the decompression tank 2. Put in. By depressurizing in the depressurization tank 2, the surface of the earth and sand lump B is frozen by the water content of the earth and sand itself, and after removing the form 3 from the earth and sand lump C whose surface is hardened, the earth and sand lump C is conveyed by a pneumatic conveying device such as a conveying pipe. To carry out. The excavated earth and sand can be formed into a certain size having certain properties, and handling becomes easy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for transporting earth and sand generated during construction work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when carrying out earth and sand generated in the construction work of an underground structure in an urban area, conventionally, the following carrying-out method is generally adopted. That is, the sediment generated by excavation is collected by a bulldozer, the collected sediment is grabbed by a clamshell bucket, transported to the ground, unloaded on a sediment hopper, and reloaded to a dump truck. is doing.

[0003]

However, general earth and sand are not easy to handle because they contain water or are sticky, and in the carrying-out method consisting of a series of steps as described above, the work environment is dangerous. There are problems such as poor performance and inefficiency, and it cannot be automated.

Further, as a conveying method for saving labor, there are a belt conveyor method and a conveying pipe method by sucking air, but in the case of a belt conveyor, the conveying route is limited / fixed, or the number of units to be installed is extended. There are problems such as increasing numbers. In addition, especially when the sand and sand have a large stickiness, the efficiency is lowered and troubles occur.

In the air suction method, it is possible to suck and convey the earth and sand by simply extending the conveying pipe, but when the viscosity of the earth and sand is large or hard, it cannot be taken into the conveying pipe, and the conveying pipe is clogged. Such trouble occurs. In order to prevent this, it is carried out while adding mud and adjusting the mud, but the carried-out earth and sand have a large water content and must be treated as industrial waste, not general waste. In addition, there is a problem that the lump of earth and sand that is sucked and conveyed is small and the mechanical equipment is larger than the earth and sand that can be carried out, the efficiency is low, and a large capacity cannot be carried out.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to make it possible to mold the sediment generated by excavation into a certain size and to make the properties of the sediment uniform and to improve the handling. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of transporting earth and sand which can improve the efficiency of earth and sand discharge.

[0007]

The method of conveying earth and sand according to the present invention is to fill excavated earth and sand into a breathable mold to form an earth and sand mass having a certain shape and size, and to form the sand and sand mass. The mold is placed in a decompression tank while being kept in the form, the surface of the lump of sand is frozen by depressurization, the form is removed from the lump of sand whose surface has been hardened, and then this lump of sand is carried out by a carrier device.
As the mold, a flexible mold is used, and after the earth and sand are placed on the mold, the mold is molded into a constant shape by a molding mechanism, or a mold preassembled into a predetermined shape is used. As the conveying device, a pneumatic conveying pipe system (compressed air pressure feeding or negative pressure suction), a belt conveyor system, or any other conveying system can be adopted.

[0008]

With the above-mentioned structure, the excavated earth and sand is formed into a mass of earth and sand by a mold having a constant shape and size suitable for carrying out, and is put into the decompression tank while being put into the mold. In the decompression tank, the water contained in the earth and sand freezes due to the decompression, and the surface of the earth and sand mass freezes. When the surface freezes to a certain depth, it is taken out from the decompression tank, the form is removed, and then carried out by a pneumatic conveying pipe or a conveying device such as a belt conveyor. The capsule-shaped mass of sand and sand has a certain size, and the surface is hardened by freezing, which facilitates handling. In addition, after unloading, after a certain period of time, it will thaw naturally and become normal residual soil.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an illustrated embodiment. This is an example in which excavated earth and sand are encapsulated and pneumatically transported. As shown in FIG. 1, the earth and sand forming apparatus 1 that forms the earth and sand A into a certain shape and size at the excavation site, and the formed earth and sand mass. A decompression tank 2 that freezes B by decompression is installed.

The earth and sand forming apparatus 1 forms the excavated earth and sand A into a column shape (capsule shape having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the conveying pipe and having an appropriate length) which can be pneumatically moved in the pneumatic conveying pipe. Form 3 that receives and assembles into a cylindrical shape
And a roll forming mechanism 4 for assembling and forming the mold 3 filled with the earth and sand A.

The mold 3 is made of a flexible metal or plastic plate member having air permeability.
For example, when a wire mesh member is used, the mesh size is set so that the earth and sand A does not leak out. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the structure is formed by a rectangular side surface portion 3a forming a side surface of a cylinder and a plurality of triangular bottom surface portions 3b forming a bottom surface. , A pair of hooks 3c are attached, and a pair of engaging portions 3d with which the hooks can engage are provided at the other end. When the side surface portion 3a is wound in a cylindrical shape and the hook 3c is locked to the locking portion 3d, the side surface portion 3a and the bottom surface portion 3b form a cylindrical mold 3.

A plurality of such molds 3 may be formed in a flat plate shape and stacked on each other. It should be noted that such a flexible formwork requires a small arrangement space and can be easily released from the mold, but the invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to use a formwork that is formed in a cylindrical shape in advance. Good. In this case, the device for assembling and molding the mold can be omitted.

The roll forming mechanism 4 is constructed by disposing two pairs of rolls 6 on a base 5. The pair of rolls 6 are rotatably supported by bearings and can be rotated around the center O. In this turning mechanism, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a support member 21 to which a bearing 20 that supports the roll 6 is fixed is attached to an arc-shaped guide rail 23 via a roller 22 to guide and support the guide member 23 so as to turn freely. An arc-shaped rack 24 fixed to the base 5 side, a pinion 25 attached to the support member 21, and an electric motor 26 that rotationally drives the pinion 25 are rotated.

The decompression tank 2 has a freezing chamber 7 capable of accommodating a plurality of formed earth and sand blocks B, an inlet side decompression chamber 8 and an outlet side decompression chamber 9 for reducing the pressure rise in the freezing chamber 7 when loading and unloading the earth and sand blocks. It consists of. The freezing chamber 7 is connected to a vacuum pump 10 capable of reducing the inside pressure to several mmHg or less. Entrance door 11 of freezing chamber 7
The outlet door 12 and the doors 13 and 14 of the decompression chambers 8 and 9 are slide type, and the seal member 15 is provided on the contact surface.

To carry the lump of sand B, a carrier cart 31 having a pair of rollers 30 is used. The depressurizing tank 2 is provided with a guide rail 32 for guiding the carriage 31 inside, and is of a pusher type in which the carriage 31 can be pushed in and out by an appropriate means, and the like. Be able to put in and take out.

With the above-mentioned structure, the conveyance is performed as follows (see FIG. 1). (1) The form 3 is placed on the two sets of rolls 6 of the roll forming mechanism 4, and a predetermined amount of the excavated earth A is placed on the form 3. (2) Rotate the roll 6 to assemble the form 3 into a cylindrical shape. The hook 3c and the locking portion 3d are engaged with each other, and the earth and sand A is formed into a cylindrical shape. (3) The formed lump of earth and sand B together with the formwork 3 are transported by the carriage 31
It is transferred onto the roller 30 and conveyed to the decompression tank 2.

(4) The lump of sand B is inserted into the freezing chamber 7 through the inlet side decompression chamber 8 and the inside of the freezing chamber 7 is 4 mmHg (0.533 kPa).
The pressure is reduced to below, and the surface of the lump of sand B is frozen by using the moisture of the soil itself by the reduced pressure. It takes about 20 minutes to freeze the surface to a certain depth, so the sand / sand lump B is sequentially inserted and continuously treated, and the sand / sand lump C that has been frozen is pushed out to the outlet side decompression chamber 9 by a pusher method or the like. Take it out. (5) The frozen mass of sand and sand C is conveyed to the sand and sand forming device 1, and while the sand and sand mass C is rotated on the carrier 31, the form 3
Remove.

(6) The capsule-shaped mass of sand and sand C from which the formwork 3 has been removed is transferred to the inlet of the pneumatic transportation pipe, and is conveyed to the ground by compressed air feeding by the pneumatic transportation pipe or suction by negative pressure. Since the surface of the lump of sand and sand capsules is frozen and hardened, the properties can be made uniform irrespective of the properties such as the viscosity of the sand and can be easily handled, and as a single capsule, troubles such as blockage in the transport pipe can occur. You can carry it out without any trouble. Further, since it can be formed into a larger lump than the conventional suction method, it is possible to increase the carrying amount. Furthermore, after a certain period of time, it will be thawed naturally, so that it can be handled as normal residual soil.

Although the pneumatic conveying pipe system has been described above, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied not only to the pneumatic conveying pipe system but also to a belt conveyor system and any other carrying system.

[0020]

As described above, according to the method of transporting earth and sand of the present invention, after the excavated earth and sand is formed into a mass of sand and sand having a constant shape and size by using a mold, the surface of the sand and sand is decompressed. Since the lump of earth and sand whose surface has been hardened is carried out by the carrying device, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Properties such as viscosity of excavated soil can be made uniform, handling becomes easy, and efficient sediment removal can be performed safely. (2) Sediment can be treated as one capsule having a constant property such as viscosity, and troubles such as blockage in the transfer pipe can be eliminated when pneumatically transported. In addition, since the earth and sand can be molded into a certain size, the transport amount can be increased
It is possible to improve the transportation efficiency by automating the transportation of sediment. (3) It does not require conventional mud preparation, and after a certain period of time, it becomes normal residual soil and can be treated as residual soil.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of equipment for carrying out the method for carrying earth and sand according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a mold used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing an example of a roll forming mechanism used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A earth and sand B, C earth and sand mass 1 earth and sand forming device 2 decompression tank 3 formwork 4 roll forming mechanism 5 base 6 rolls 7 freezing chamber 8, 9 decompression chamber 10 vacuum pump

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An excavated earth and sand is filled in a breathable mold to form a mass of sand and sand of a certain shape and size. A method for carrying earth and sand, characterized in that the surface of the earth and sand mass is frozen, the mold is removed from the hardened earth and sand mass, and then the mass of sand and sand is carried out by a carrier device.