JPH0649977B2 - Bottom pit measuring device for bottom pit excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is capable of automatically measuring the state of a bottom pit in order to improve the workability and excavation accuracy of an excavator forming a bottom pit. A bottom pit measuring device for a bottom pit excavator.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when constructing a cast-in-place pile in the ground, it has been devised to increase the supporting force by an enlarged shape (generally referred to as a "bottom pit") at the lower end of the pillar portion of the pile.

Then, as a machine for digging a well with an expanded bottom portion for forming such cast-in-place piles (this is referred to as "expansion bottom pit"), for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-21079. A split bucket type rotary excavator has been proposed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, conventionally, when digging a bottom pit with a bottom pit excavator, there was no means for accurately knowing the depth, the amount of expansion of the bottom bottom, etc. Most of them depended on their intuition.

For this reason, there is a limit to improving workability and work efficiency, such as requiring skilled workers to form the bottom pit with high accuracy.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a kelly bar hung up and down on the boom of a mobile crane is provided at the tip of an arm protruding from the mobile crane. It is made to rotate by a rotary drive device, the central axis of the bucket connected to the lower end of this kelly bar is made expandable and contractible by a hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of cutter units are opened and closed around this central axis via a pantograph mechanism. A bucket for excavating a bottom pit is provided, and an expansion amount detector using an encoder is provided on a shaft that interlocks with the opening and closing of the pantograph mechanism of the bucket, and below the rotation drive device,
A pedestal provided in the vicinity of this rotary drive unit is rotated together with the kelly bar, a transmitter having a transmission antenna is provided on the pedestal, and a drop amount detector for detecting the drop amount of the bucket is provided on the pedestal. A receiver having a receiving antenna is provided on a connecting member with the arm near the rotation driving device, and the receiver receives a detection signal from the spread amount detector and the fall amount detector. ,
An image display device that displays an image of the detection value of the expansion amount of the cutter unit and the detection value of the descending amount of the bucket, which are obtained by processing this by a computer unit, and a printer that prints the information displayed on the image display device. Is provided in the cockpit of the crane vehicle to configure a bottom pit measuring device for a bottom pit excavator.

(Function) The expansion state detector and the descent amount detector can automatically detect the expansion state and the depth of the bottom pit, and the receiver receives the detection information and displays the contents by the image display. I can know.

Therefore, the worker can easily form an accurate bottom pit by performing excavation work while visually recognizing the detected information.

In addition, since it is necessary to attach the expansion amount detector and the drop amount detector to the bucket or the rotating shaft, etc., in order to transmit these detection signals by wire, a rotary connector such as a slip ring is required, which causes noise. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a transmitter in a rotating portion including a rotating shaft and transmitting detection information by a radio signal because it causes mixture or failure.

Further, according to the present invention, since the detection information can be recorded on the spot by the printer, it is possible to confirm the construction contents at a later date or prove the construction contents.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

The expansion amount detector 1 is attached to the bucket 101 of the bottom pit excavator 100 shown in FIG.

Bucket 101 is a crane boom for crawler crane 110
The kelly bar 112 is attached to the lower end of a kelly bar 112 that is hung up and down freely on the 111, and the kelly bar 112 is rotated by a rotation drive device 114 fixed to the arm 113, whereby the bucket 101 rotates integrally with the kelly bar 112. That is,
The kelly bar 112 serves as a rotating shaft of the bucket 101.

The bucket 101 includes a plurality of cutter units 102, as shown in FIG.
The 02 is connected to the outer cylinder 107 and the inner cylinder 108 by arms 103 to 106 that form a pantograph mechanism.

A hydraulic cylinder 109 is installed inside the outer cylinder 107 and the inner cylinder 108. When the hydraulic cylinder 109 contracts, the inner cylinder 108 moves upward, the pantograph mechanism opens, and the cutter unit 102 expands. Is configured to.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a well 200 having a desired depth is previously formed in the ground 300 by an earth drill or the like,
The bucket 101 is lowered into the well 200 while the cutter unit 102 is contracted, and is set at the position A _{1 in} the figure.

From this state, the kelly bar 112 is rotated and the bucket 1
While rotating 01, gradually cut the cutter unit 102
Is expanded and the bucket 101 is also lowered.

By this operation, the bottom of the well 200 is excavated in a conical shape to form the bottom expanding well 201 (the bucket 101 is in the A ₂ position).

The spread amount detector 1 is the cutter unit.
The expansion amount of 102 is detected, and as shown in FIG. 1, an encoder (rotary encoder) 2 is provided.

This spread amount detector 1 has an arm 10 as shown in FIG.
One of the three mounting shafts 103a and the shaft 3 of the encoder 2 are mounted at a position where they can be linked (using a chain or a gear).

Therefore, as the pantograph mechanism including the arm 103 expands, the mounting shaft 103a rotates, so that the output of the encoder 2 becomes a signal indicating the expansion amount of the cutter unit 102.

The detection signal S ₁ of the spread amount detector ₁ is sent to the transmitter 20 via the code 5. The cord 5 passes through a shackle 7 fixed at an appropriate position of the bucket 101, is wound on a cord reel 6, and is then connected to a transmitter 20.
By the action of, the length of the cord 5 can be expanded and contracted as the bucket moves up and down.

In addition, the origin switch 4 shown in FIG.
Is for resetting the detection value. When the cutter unit 102 contracts to the preset maximum contraction position, it is turned on by a mechanical force to reset the detection value.

The transmitter 20 is installed, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, below the rotary drive device 114, on a pedestal 23 (see FIG. 1) that rotates integrally with the kelly bar 112. This pedestal 23
, Rotates integrally with the kelly bar 112, but even if the kelly bar 112 descends, it remains in a fixed position.
It is supported using a fixed bearing or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pedestal 23 is attached with the descent amount detector 10. This drop amount detector 10 is composed of a rotary encoder that detects the amount of rotation of the reel 12 that winds the wire 11 whose tip is fixed to the bucket 101,
When the wire 11 extends as the bucket 101 descends, the reel 12 rotates and the detection signal S corresponding to the bucket descending amount.
₂ is output.

The origin switch 21 shown in FIG. 1 is for resetting the detection value of the drop amount detector 10, and is used for the bucket 10
When 1 has risen to the preset uppermost position, it is turned on by a mechanical force to reset the detection value.

The transmitter 20 detects the spread amount detection signal S _{1 of the} cutter unit 102 detected by the spread amount detector ₁ and the fall amount detection signal S of the bucket 101 detected by the fall amount detector 10.
₂ is converted into an electromagnetic wave signal and transmitted from the transmitting antenna 22.

This transmitting antenna 22 is also installed so as to rotate together with the kelly bar 112.

And a non-rotating part of the crawler crane 110, for example,
A reception antenna 31 is attached to the upper portion of the arm 113 near the transmitter 20 and the like, and receives the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted from the transmission antenna 22.

The received signal received by the receiving antenna 31 is subjected to signal processing (detection / amplification, etc.) by the receiver 30, and then a detection signal S _{1 for} the expansion amount of the cutter unit and a detection signal S _{2 for} the falling amount of the bucket are obtained. It is extracted and input to the computer unit 40.

The computer unit 40 is installed in the cockpit of the crawler crane 110 together with the color CRT 70, the DC / AC converter 50, and the switch box 80.

The DC / AC converter 50 converts the DC power supply of the battery 60 mounted on the crawler crane 110 into AC,
Computer unit 40, color CRT70, printer 9
0, power is supplied to the receiver 30.

The computer unit 40 performs processing for displaying the input signal S ₁ of the expansion amount of the cutter unit and the input detection signal S ₂ of the descending amount of the bucket on the color CRT 70.

A screen as shown in FIG. 4 is displayed on the color CRT 70. This display shows that the reference set button 81 of the switch box 80 is turned ON after the bucket 101 is lowered to the bottom of the well 200.
It is displayed by operating.

The display content is a pictorial display of the well 200 and bucket 101, and
The numerical value of the descent amount of the bucket 101, that is, the depth position (indicated by "Fukasa" in the figure), the numerical value of the diameter of the bottom pit (indicated by "Kakutakei" in the figure), Numerical display of the diameter ("bucket" in the figure)
Is displayed), and the scale of "Fukasa" is displayed (displayed on the left side in the figure).

Then, when the excavation work of the bottom pit 201 is started, the display of “Fukasa”, “Bucket”, and “Kakukeikei” is changed based on the detection signals S ₁ and S ₂ .
The position and size of the bucket pictorial display 101a change.
Further, the pictorial display 201a of the bottom pit 201 also expands as the bucket expands.

Therefore, the worker can form the bottom expanding well 201 as designed by excavating while viewing the above screen until the periphery of the pictorial display 201a of the bottom expanding well matches the setting line 201b.

If the worker confirms from the display of the color CRT 70 screen that the bottom pit has been formed as designed, the excavation work is ended and the end button 82 of the switch box 80 is turned on. As a result, the image displayed on the color CRT 70 at that time is directly printed out by the printer 90.

The printed image content is a record of the state of the bottom pit at the end of the excavation work, and thus can be used for confirming the work content or certifying the work content.

Of course, if the excavation work is interrupted due to rainfall, etc.,
By printing out the state of the bottom pit at the time of the interruption, it is possible to know from which state the work should be started when resuming the work, and the work becomes easy even if the worker changes.

After the printout is completed, the end button 82 of the switch box 80 is turned on again to clear the screen display of the color CRT 70.

From the expansion amount of the cutter unit 102, the well 200
It is also possible to detect the position of the bucket 101 inside (the amount of eccentricity with respect to the center of the well).

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, the present invention is provided with a detector for electrically detecting the descending amount of the bucket of the bottom digging machine and the expanding amount of the cutter, and these detectors are also provided. By installing a transceiver that uses the electromagnetic wave signal as the detection signal and an image display device that displays the received content, it is possible to automatically detect the open state of the bottom pit and its depth, and display the content in an image display. Can be visually recognized.

Therefore, the worker can easily form an accurate bottom pit by performing excavation work while visually recognizing the detected information.

Further, since it is necessary to attach the expansion amount detector and the drop amount detector to the bucket, the rotating shaft, or the like, a rotary connector such as a slip ring is required to transmit these detection signals by wire. Therefore, although it causes noise and failure, the present invention can solve the above problems by providing a transmitter in a rotating portion including a rotating shaft and transmitting detection information by a radio signal. it can.

Further, according to the present invention, since the detection information can be recorded on the spot by the printer, it is possible to confirm the construction contents at a later date or prove the construction contents.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of a bottom digging machine to which the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is applied, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the bucket portion, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of the screen displayed on the color CRT shown in FIG. 1 ... Spread amount detector, 2 ... Encoder 4 ... Origin switch, 5 ... Code 10 ... Descent amount detector, 20 ... Transmitter 21 ... Origin switch, 22 ... Transmit antenna 30 ... Receiver, 31 ... Receive antenna 40 ... Computer unit 50 ... DC / AC converter, 70 ... Color CRT 80 ... Switch box, 90 ... Printer 100 ... Bottom pit excavator, 101 ... Bucket 102 ... Cutter unit, 103-106 ... Arm 103a ... Mounting shaft, 109 ... Hydraulic cylinder 110 ... crawler cranes, 112 ... Keriba (rotating shaft) 114 ... rotary drive S ₁ ... (cutter unit) expansion amount detection signal S ₂ ... (buckets) drop detection signal

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A center of a bucket connected to the lower end of a kelly bar, which is suspended from a boom of a crane car and is rotated by a rotary drive device provided at the tip of an arm protruding from the crane car. A shaft is made expandable by a hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of cutter units are opened and closed around this central axis via a pantograph mechanism to form a bottom digging bucket, which is linked with the opening and closing of the pantograph mechanism of this bucket. An expansion amount detector using an encoder is provided on the shaft, and a pedestal provided in the vicinity of the rotary drive unit under the rotary drive unit is rotated together with the kelly bar, and a transmission antenna is attached to the pedestal. With a transmitter having, a drop amount detector for detecting the drop amount of the bucket is fixedly provided on the pedestal, and A receiver having a receiving antenna is provided on a connecting member with the arm near the rotation driving device, and the receiver receives a detection signal from the spread amount detector and the fall amount detector, and processes the signal by a computer unit. An image display device for displaying the expansion amount detection value of the cutter unit and the detection value of the descending amount of the bucket obtained as described above, and a printer for printing the information displayed on the image display device. A bottom pit measuring device for a bottom pit excavator, which is provided in a room.