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JPH0651194B2 - Wastewater treatment method by activated sludge method - Google Patents
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JPH0651194B2 - Wastewater treatment method by activated sludge method - Google Patents

Wastewater treatment method by activated sludge method

Info

Publication number
JPH0651194B2
JPH0651194B2 JP60120777A JP12077785A JPH0651194B2 JP H0651194 B2 JPH0651194 B2 JP H0651194B2 JP 60120777 A JP60120777 A JP 60120777A JP 12077785 A JP12077785 A JP 12077785A JP H0651194 B2 JPH0651194 B2 JP H0651194B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
activated sludge
temperature
aeration
treatment
wastewater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60120777A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61278398A (en
Inventor
幸夫 大塚
昭光 渡辺
Original Assignee
三菱化成株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱化成株式会社 filed Critical 三菱化成株式会社
Priority to JP60120777A priority Critical patent/JPH0651194B2/en
Publication of JPS61278398A publication Critical patent/JPS61278398A/en
Publication of JPH0651194B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0651194B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は有機物を含有する廃水を活性汚泥法によつて処
理する方法に関するものである。詳しくは、本発明は上
記廃水を高温度にて活性汚泥処理、特に酸素曝気法によ
つて活性汚泥処理する方法に関するものである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating wastewater containing organic matter by an activated sludge method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for treating the above wastewater at a high temperature with an activated sludge, particularly with an oxygen aeration method.

〔従来の技術〕 従来、環境汚染の防止あるいは環境の改善のため、都市
下水、産業廃水などの有機物を含有する廃水の処理に活
性汚泥法を主体とする生物学的処理法が広く採用されて
いる。
[Prior Art] Conventionally, in order to prevent environmental pollution or improve the environment, biological treatment methods, mainly activated sludge method, have been widely adopted for the treatment of wastewater containing organic substances such as municipal wastewater and industrial wastewater. There is.

活性汚泥処理法には、一般に曝気槽における曝気ガスと
して空気を用いる空気曝気法と高濃度の酸素を用いる酸
素曝気法とが知られており、特に酸素曝気法においては
被処理水中の溶存酸素量を高めることによつて好気性菌
の活動を活発にし、浄化効率および浄化度を高めること
ができる。
The activated sludge treatment method is generally known to be an air aeration method that uses air as the aeration gas in the aeration tank and an oxygen aeration method that uses high-concentration oxygen.In particular, in the oxygen aeration method, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated is known. The activity of aerobic bacteria can be increased by increasing the amount of water, and the purification efficiency and the degree of purification can be increased.

従来、有機塩素化合物、例えばクロルアルデヒド(モノ
クロル置換体、ジクロル置換体、トリクロル置換体)、
クロルアセトン、塩素化炭化水素などを含有する廃水
は、微生物に対して毒性を有するため、一般の産業廃
水、都市下水廃水に比べて通常の活性汚泥処理法(空気
曝気法)ではBOD(生化学的酸素要求量)負荷が小さ
くて処理効率が悪く、このため、上記廃水は酸素曝気法
による活性汚泥処理法で処理されている。活性汚泥法に
おける曝気槽の処理温度、すなわち、曝気温度として
は、通常、20〜30℃の範囲が最適温度とされ、特に
その上限としては32.5℃の温度制限が設けられてい
る。
Conventionally, organic chlorine compounds such as chloroaldehyde (monochloro substitution product, dichloro substitution product, trichlor substitution product),
Wastewater containing chloracetone, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. is toxic to microorganisms, so it is more likely that BOD (biochemistry) will be used in the conventional activated sludge treatment method (air aeration method) than general industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater wastewater. The required load is small and the treatment efficiency is poor. Therefore, the wastewater is treated by the activated sludge treatment method by the oxygen aeration method. As the treatment temperature of the aeration tank in the activated sludge method, that is, the aeration temperature, the optimum temperature is usually in the range of 20 to 30 ° C., and the upper limit thereof is a temperature limit of 32.5 ° C.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problems to be solved by the invention]

上記のような温度の制限に対して、空気曝気法の場合
は、多量の空気により汚泥を酸化させるため、曝気温度
は蒸発効果等により大気温度に支配され、従つて上記上
限温度を超えることは稀である。
In the case of the air aeration method, in the case of the air aeration method, the sludge is oxidized by a large amount of air, so that the aeration temperature is governed by the atmospheric temperature due to the evaporation effect, etc. It is rare.

しかるに、酸素曝気法の場合は、高濃度の酸素を使用す
るため、曝気槽の構造は密閉構造となり、蒸発等による
放熱効果は小さい。従つて酸化反応による発熱、液撹拌
による動力エネルギーの入熱等により曝気槽の液温は上
昇する傾向にあるので、供給する廃水等を冷却して昇温
防止を図る必要がある。特に、夏場にあつては大気温度
の上昇と共に曝気温度が上記管理温度の上限を超えるお
それがあるので、その冷却に要する設備は大型となり、
所要経費が増大するという問題点がある。
However, in the case of the oxygen aeration method, since a high concentration of oxygen is used, the structure of the aeration tank becomes a closed structure, and the heat radiation effect by evaporation or the like is small. Therefore, the liquid temperature in the aeration tank tends to rise due to heat generation due to the oxidation reaction, heat input of power energy due to liquid agitation, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the temperature rise by cooling the supplied wastewater and the like. Especially in the summer, since the aeration temperature may exceed the upper limit of the above-mentioned control temperature as the atmospheric temperature rises, the equipment required for the cooling becomes large,
There is a problem that the required cost increases.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明者等は従来法における上記問題点を解決すべく、
活性汚泥処理法における高温度での曝気処理につき、活
性汚泥の生物学的特性及び微生物の挙動の観点から鋭意
検討を重ねた結果、曝気温度を特定の温度割合で徐々に
上昇させることにより微生物の馴致効果が発現し、35
〜45℃の高温度での曝気処理が可能となると共に廃水
中のCOD(化学的酸素要求量)及びBODの除去率が
著しく向上し、かつ冷却設備の経費が大幅に削減できる
ことを見出して本発明を完成した。
In order to solve the above problems in the conventional method, the present inventors have
As for the aeration treatment at high temperature in the activated sludge treatment method, as a result of repeated studies from the viewpoint of the biological characteristics of the activated sludge and the behavior of the microorganisms, it was found that by gradually increasing the aeration temperature at a specific temperature ratio, The acclimatization effect appears, 35
It was found that the aeration process can be performed at a high temperature of ~ 45 ° C, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD removal rate in wastewater can be significantly improved, and the cost of cooling equipment can be significantly reduced. Completed the invention.

即ち、本発明の要旨は、有機物を含有する廃水を曝気槽
に供給して活性汚泥処理するにあたり、予め曝気槽にお
ける活性汚泥処理を30℃以下の温度で行なつたのち、
活性汚泥処理温度を1℃/日以下の割合で35〜45℃
の温度まで上昇させ、その後35〜45℃の温度範囲内
で活性汚泥処理を行なうことを特徴とする活性汚泥法に
よる廃水処理方法に存する。
That is, the gist of the present invention is to supply the wastewater containing organic matter to the aeration tank to perform the activated sludge treatment, after performing the activated sludge treatment in the aeration tank at a temperature of 30 ° C. or less in advance,
Activated sludge treatment temperature is 35 ℃ to 45 ℃ at a rate of 1 ℃ / day or less
The temperature of the activated sludge is raised to a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C., and then the activated sludge is treated within the temperature range of 35 to 45 ° C.

以下、本発明につき詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

本発明方法で処理される廃水としては都市下水廃水、産
業廃水などの有機物を含有する各種の廃水がいずれも適
用可能である。特に前記した有機塩素化合物を含有する
廃水などのような、通常の活性汚泥処理法(空気曝気
法)では処理効率の悪い(処理が難しい)廃水の場合に
は酸素曝気法による活性汚泥処理法を適用するのが好ま
しい。
As the wastewater treated by the method of the present invention, various kinds of wastewater containing organic substances such as municipal wastewater wastewater and industrial wastewater can be applied. In particular, in the case of wastewater that has poor treatment efficiency (difficult to treat) such as wastewater containing organic chlorine compounds described above, which is difficult to treat with ordinary activated sludge treatment method (air aeration method), the activated sludge treatment method with oxygen aeration method is used. It is preferably applied.

また、本発明方法で採用される活性汚泥処理法として
は、空気曝気法及び酸素曝気法のいずれも適用可能であ
るが、曝気温度の調節の容易性から酸素曝気法に適用す
るのが好ましい。
Further, as the activated sludge treatment method adopted in the method of the present invention, both an air aeration method and an oxygen aeration method can be applied, but it is preferable to apply the oxygen aeration method because of the ease of adjusting the aeration temperature.

酸素曝気法による活性汚泥処理法の一例を第1図に示
す。第1図において、(1)は密閉構造の活性汚泥処理の
曝気槽であり、これにパイプ(2)により浄化しようとす
る廃水が供給される。一方、パイプ(8)より高濃度の酸
素ガスが曝気槽の廃水中に導入される。(3)は曝気処理
を経た処理水の流出パイプであり、処理水はこの流出パ
イプにより沈澱槽(4)に送られる。沈澱槽(4)で清澄化さ
れた処理水はこの槽の上縁から溢流し、廃水パイプ(5)
を経て排出される。一方、沈澱槽(4)の底に沈降した汚
泥は流出パイプ(6)によつて抜き出され、その一部はパ
イプ(7)により曝気槽(1)に返送されて再び曝気処理に利
用され、余剰の汚泥は廃棄される。
An example of the activated sludge treatment method by the oxygen aeration method is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, (1) is a closed structure aeration tank for activated sludge treatment, to which waste water to be purified is supplied by a pipe (2). On the other hand, high concentration oxygen gas is introduced into the wastewater of the aeration tank through the pipe (8). (3) is an outflow pipe of treated water that has undergone aeration, and the treated water is sent to the settling tank (4) by this outflow pipe. The treated water clarified in the settling tank (4) overflows from the upper edge of this tank and the waste water pipe (5)
Is discharged through. On the other hand, the sludge settling at the bottom of the settling tank (4) is extracted by the outflow pipe (6), and part of it is returned to the aeration tank (1) by the pipe (7) and used again for aeration treatment. , Excess sludge is discarded.

従来、上記曝気槽においては上限を32.5℃とし、通
常、20〜30℃の温度範囲で操作が行なわれていた。
Conventionally, in the above-mentioned aeration tank, the upper limit was set to 32.5 ° C, and the operation was usually performed in the temperature range of 20 to 30 ° C.

これに対し、本発明においては特定の制御された条件下
に活性汚泥処理温度を上昇させて行き、高温度下での曝
気処理が可能となるようにする。この昇温操作は曝気槽
中の活性汚泥を構成する微生物群の挙動を観察しつつ行
なうのが望ましい。一般に活性汚泥処理において、曝気
槽における活性汚泥菌の活動状態は該曝気槽における原
生動物の挙動を観察することによつてよく把握できるこ
とが知られているので、本発明方法の実施に際しては、
上記曝気槽における活性汚泥処理温度を、曝気槽処理液
中の原生動物の形状及び数などの活動状態の挙動を観察
し、該原生動物をその環境すなわち、その処理温度に馴
致させながら、徐々に上昇させていくのがよい。
On the other hand, in the present invention, the activated sludge treatment temperature is raised under a specific controlled condition so that the aeration treatment can be performed at a high temperature. It is desirable to carry out this temperature raising operation while observing the behavior of the microorganisms constituting the activated sludge in the aeration tank. Generally, in the activated sludge treatment, it is known that the activity state of the activated sludge fungus in the aeration tank can be well understood by observing the behavior of the protozoa in the aeration tank.
The activated sludge treatment temperature in the aeration tank, the behavior of the activity state such as the shape and number of protozoa in the aeration tank treatment liquid is observed, while gradually acclimatizing the protozoa to its environment, that is, its treatment temperature, gradually It is better to raise it.

本発明において活性汚泥処理における曝気槽の処理温度
を、好ましくは処理液中の原生動物の活動状態を観察
し、活性汚泥菌及び原生動物を該処理温度に馴致させな
がら徐々に上昇させていくが、それに先立つて30℃以
下の温度での活性汚泥処理を行なう。それには処理温度
を30℃以下、望ましくは20〜30℃の温度範囲と
し、該温度で通常、1週間以上、望ましくは1週間〜1
ケ月の間保持して、活性汚泥菌及び原生動物を馴致させ
ることが望ましい。次いで、該曝気槽の処理温度を原生
動物の挙動を観察しながら、1℃/日以下、好ましくは
0.5℃/日以下、さらに好ましくは0.25〜0.0
5℃/日の割合で35〜40℃、好ましくは35〜42
℃、さらに好ましくは35〜40℃の処理温度まで上昇
させる。
In the present invention, the treatment temperature of the aeration tank in the activated sludge treatment, preferably by observing the activity state of the protozoa in the treatment liquid, gradually increase while acclimatizing the activated sludge fungus and the protozoa to the treatment temperature. Prior to that, activated sludge treatment at a temperature of 30 ° C. or lower is performed. To this end, the treatment temperature is set to a temperature range of 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 20 to 30 ° C., and the temperature is usually 1 week or more, preferably 1 week to 1
It is desirable to keep it for a month to acclimate the activated sludge fungi and protozoa. Then, the treatment temperature of the aeration tank is 1 ° C / day or less, preferably 0.5 ° C / day or less, more preferably 0.25 to 0.0 while observing the behavior of the protozoa.
5-40 ° C./day at 35-40 ° C., preferably 35-42
C., and more preferably to a treatment temperature of 35-40.degree.

上記曝気槽における処理温度の上昇割合が1℃/日より
高い場合には原生動物及び活性汚泥菌の死滅が著しく多
くなり、かつ原生動物及び活性汚泥菌の該温度に対する
馴致効果による再生も容易でなくなるので好ましくな
い。また、上記曝気槽の処理温度が45℃より高い場合
にも、原生動物及び活性汚泥菌の死滅が著しく多くな
り、かつ原生動物及び活性汚泥菌の該温度に対する馴致
効果による再生が難しくなるので好ましくない。
If the rate of increase in the treatment temperature in the aeration tank is higher than 1 ° C / day, the protozoa and activated sludge bacteria will be significantly killed, and the regeneration by the acclimatizing effect of the protozoa and activated sludge bacteria will be easy. It is not preferable because it disappears. Also, when the treatment temperature of the aeration tank is higher than 45 ° C., protozoa and activated sludge bacteria are significantly killed, and regeneration due to the adaptation effect of the protozoa and activated sludge bacteria to the temperature becomes difficult. Absent.

かく昇温操作を行なうことにより活性汚泥の生物学的特
性が変化し、より高温度下での曝気処理が可能となるの
で、以後は35〜45℃の温度範囲内での活性汚泥処理
を継続する。
By performing the temperature raising operation, the biological characteristics of the activated sludge change, and aeration treatment at higher temperatures becomes possible. Therefore, continue the activated sludge treatment within the temperature range of 35 to 45 ° C. To do.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

次に本発明の具体的態様を実施例により更に詳細に説明
するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施
例によつて限定されるものではない。
Next, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples unless the gist thereof is exceeded.

実施例1 塩素化炭化水素を含有するCOD濃度250ppmの工業
廃水並びに原生動物及び活性汚泥菌を第1図に示すフロ
ーの曝気槽に供給し、酸素曝気法により30℃の処理温
度にて活性汚泥処理を行なつた。処理後の廃水中のCO
D濃度は100ppm、COD除去率は60%であり、か
つ原生動物は50匹以上(試料スポイト1滴中の匹数を
顕微鏡150倍にて観察した)であつた。該温度で活性
汚泥処理を30日間継続した後、曝気槽の活性汚泥処理
温度を0.1℃/日の割合で40℃の温度まで上昇さ
せ、その後40℃の温度で活性汚泥処理を行なつた。4
0℃における活性汚泥処理後の廃水中のCOD濃度は5
0ppm、CODの除去率は80%であり、かつ原生動物
は50匹以上(同上)であつた。
Example 1 Industrial wastewater containing chlorinated hydrocarbons and having a COD concentration of 250 ppm, protozoa and activated sludge bacteria were supplied to an aeration tank having the flow shown in FIG. 1, and activated sludge was treated at 30 ° C. by an oxygen aeration method. Processed. CO in wastewater after treatment
The D concentration was 100 ppm, the COD removal rate was 60%, and the number of protozoa was 50 or more (the number of animals in one drop of sample dropper was observed under a microscope of 150 times). After continuing the activated sludge treatment at the temperature for 30 days, the activated sludge treatment temperature of the aeration tank is increased to a temperature of 40 ° C at a rate of 0.1 ° C / day, and then the activated sludge treatment is performed at a temperature of 40 ° C. It was Four
COD concentration in wastewater after activated sludge treatment at 0 ℃ is 5
The removal rate of 0 ppm and COD was 80%, and the number of protozoa was 50 or more (same as above).

比較例1 実施例1において、曝気槽の活性汚泥処理温度を3℃/
日の割合で40℃の温度まで上昇させ、40℃の温度で
活性汚泥処理を行なつたこと以外は実施例1と同様に行
なつた。その結果、処理後の廃水中のCOD濃度は15
0ppm、COD除去率は40%であつた。また、該処理
後の廃水中の原生動物は10匹以下に減少しており、こ
のことから活性汚泥菌の死滅が推定され、馴致効果によ
る再生が難しいことが判明した。
Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the activated sludge treatment temperature in the aeration tank was 3 ° C /
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature was raised to 40 ° C. at a day rate and the activated sludge treatment was performed at a temperature of 40 ° C. As a result, the COD concentration in the wastewater after treatment was 15
The COD removal rate was 0 ppm and was 40%. In addition, the number of protozoa in the wastewater after the treatment was reduced to 10 or less, which presumably killed the activated sludge bacteria, and it was revealed that regeneration due to the acclimatization effect was difficult.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

本発明方法により活性汚泥法における従来の上限温度を
上回る35〜45℃の高温度での曝気処理を行なうこと
ができるので、酸素曝気法あるいは夏場における昇温防
止のための冷却設備の経費を大幅に削減することができ
る。また本発明の高温度曝気処理においては従来法より
も高いCOD及びBODの除去率を達成することができ
る。さらに本発明により酸素曝気法を経済的に行なうこ
とができるので、有機塩素化合物を含む産業廃水の処理
を経済的に行なうことができる。
Since the method of the present invention can perform aeration treatment at a high temperature of 35 to 45 ° C., which is higher than the conventional maximum temperature in the activated sludge method, the cost of cooling equipment for oxygen aeration method or temperature rise prevention in summer is significantly increased. Can be reduced to Further, in the high temperature aeration treatment of the present invention, a higher COD and BOD removal rate than the conventional method can be achieved. Furthermore, since the oxygen aeration method can be economically performed by the present invention, the industrial wastewater containing the organic chlorine compound can be economically treated.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図は酸素曝気法による活性汚泥処理法の一例を示す
流れ図である。 1:曝気槽、2:廃水供給管、 3:処理水流出管、4:沈澱槽、 7:汚泥返送管、8:酸素導入管。
FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of an activated sludge treatment method by an oxygen aeration method. 1: Aeration tank, 2: Waste water supply pipe, 3: Treated water outflow pipe, 4: Sedimentation tank, 7: Sludge return pipe, 8: Oxygen introduction pipe.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】有機物を含有する廃水を曝気槽に供給して
活性汚泥処理するにあたり、予め曝気槽における活性汚
泥処理を30℃以下の温度で行なつたのち、活性汚泥処
理温度を1℃/日以下の割合で35〜45℃の温度まで
上昇させ、その後35〜45℃の温度範囲内で活性汚泥
処理を行なうことを特徴とする活性汚泥法による廃水処
理方法。
1. When supplying wastewater containing organic matter to an aeration tank to treat activated sludge, the activated sludge treatment in the aeration tank is performed at a temperature of 30 ° C. or less in advance, and then the activated sludge treatment temperature is 1 ° C. / A method for treating wastewater by an activated sludge method, which comprises raising the temperature to 35 to 45 ° C at a rate of not more than a day and then performing the activated sludge treatment within a temperature range of 35 to 45 ° C.
JP60120777A 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Wastewater treatment method by activated sludge method Expired - Lifetime JPH0651194B2 (en)

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JP60120777A JPH0651194B2 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Wastewater treatment method by activated sludge method

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JPS61278398A JPS61278398A (en) 1986-12-09
JPH0651194B2 true JPH0651194B2 (en) 1994-07-06

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JP4645568B2 (en) * 2006-09-28 2011-03-09 住友化学株式会社 Microbial acclimatization apparatus, wastewater treatment apparatus, microorganism acclimatization method and wastewater treatment method

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