JPH0652172B2 - 2 barrel type electronic survey instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention of this application will be described in detail in the following order of the table of contents.

〔table of contents〕

A) Industrial fields of use …………… Page 7 B) Conventional technology ………………… Page 7 C) Problems with the prior art ……… Page 8 D) Purpose of the invention …………… … Page 11 E) Means and principles for solving problems and achieving the purpose… Page 14 F) Example ……………………… Page 15 f ₀ ) Type and content of example -Page 15 f ₁ ) Example LPM1 (level) ... page 20 f ₂ ) Example LPM2 (level) ... page 34 f ₃ ) Example LPM3 (level) ... page 35 f ₄ ) Example LPC1 (level) ... page 36 f ₅ ) Example LPC2 (level) page 38 f ₆ ) Example LPC3 (level) page 38 f ₇ ) Example LSM1 (level) ... ... other embodiments of pages 39 f _{8) 1} axis 2 barrel shape level ... ... ... ... ... ... page 40 f _{9) 2} axis 2 barrel shape Toranshi Examples of G ........................................ Page 41 G) Details of electric circuit components ........... Page 42 H) Details of recording section ........................... Page 55 I) Effects ..................... The invention of this application relates to a surveying system equipped with an optical lens system, typically a level or transit surveying instrument,
Furthermore, it relates to a training system for training surveyors.

[Conventional technology]

Traditional surveying systems have at least one rail (box)
It has one surveying instrument, one record book, and one writing instrument. Here, a typical surveying instrument is a level and transit surveying instrument.

As is well known, each of these level or transit surveying instruments has one telescope together with a tripod, a tripod mount, a pedestal, a bubble-type horizontal leveler, a vertical hanging weight, etc. This telescope also has an objective lens. And an eyepiece (Ivy)
And a reference line (horizontal line, cross line, stadia line, etc.) arranged in the middle of both lenses, and a telescope barrel surrounding these three elements.

In addition, the surveying method using the above-mentioned conventional surveying system is, in principle, performed only by a single surveyor, and includes the following steps.

One eye approaches the eyepiece (eyepiece). Through the objective lens at the tip of the lens barrel, read the scale on the scale (box scale), which is the object to be measured, with one eye. ) Is recorded in the record book by hand and writing instrument each time.

 Calculate (horizontal angle) = (end)-(first reading).

[Problems of conventional technology]

The above-mentioned conventional surveying system or surveying method has a long history,
In addition, it is a matter of common sense that, as it is a technology that has matured and completed in its own way, there still remain basic problems.

However, once a new perspective is taken, when the above-mentioned conventional surveying systems and surveying methods and the human factors and environmental factors to be allocated to them are drastically and comprehensively reviewed, the following defects or problems Is emerging.

When reading a surveyed value, it cannot be read using both eyes.

Similarly, when reading a surveyed value, multiple people cannot read it at the same time.

In the case of Transit, horizontal eyepiece cannot be used when reading surveyed values. Therefore, parallax is also likely to occur.

When reading a surveyed value (number), it is easy to make a mistake in reading it.

When writing the read surveyed values (numbers) to the record book, it is easy to make a mistake in writing them.

It is not possible to measure the levels of multiple points (two or more points) at the same time.

It is not possible to record multiple levels (two or more) at the same time.

The calculation of the horizontal angle is troublesome, and the calculation difference is likely to occur.

However, among the above-mentioned problems (1) to (3), it depends on the invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "the previous invention") relating to the earlier application (filed on June 23, 1991) by the applicant. Then, the basic solution principle is given.

Therefore, the problems peculiar to the invention of this application are the remaining problems ~.

[Objects of the Invention] The objects of the invention of this application consist of the following first to fourteenth objects in comparison with the prior art.

However, the first to tenth objects are the same as the objects of the previous invention.

Therefore, the objects unique to the invention of this application consist of the eleventh to thirteenth objects.

First purpose: to make it possible to read the scale of a staff (box scale) with both eyes when performing a surveying operation using a surveying instrument equipped with an optical lens system, Third purpose: To allow the scales of the staff to be read by multiple people at the same time. Third purpose: To prevent the display device from rotating vertically even in the case of the Trasint surveying instrument. The fourth purpose: to express the reference line (horizontal line, cross line, square-shaped line, stadia line, etc.) by means of pure electronic circuit, more specifically, for the shadow surface or mesh surface, etc. The fifth purpose: to facilitate adjustment of vertical movement and horizontal movement adjustment of the reference line (horizontal line, cross line, square-shaped line, stadia line, etc.) or meshed surface. That is, the baseline pattern (Horizontal line, cross line, square line, stadia line, etc.) or shading pattern, etc. can be freely switched. The sixth purpose: to make the scale of the staff easy to read and prevent misreading. , 7th purpose: To be able to record and record the scale of the staff with the background as it is, 8th purpose: To check the survey results administratively, go to the site again To be able to make an accurate check without going out and re-surveying, The ninth purpose: No error or error, and the raw survey result, Immediate transfer to branch offices and headquarters, 10th purpose: Providing a training system that enables direct and simultaneous practical instruction for a large number of students and students, 11th Purpose: Multiple points To be able to measure two or more levels at the same time. Twelfth purpose: To be able to record multiple levels ((two or more) levels simultaneously). The 14th purpose: It is not necessary to calculate (horizontal angle) = (final reading)-(first reading) when observing the horizontal angle. 14th purpose: Leveling error is bubble type It should be possible to make it even smaller than when using the level alone.

In other words, the object of the invention of this application is to
In point.

Improving the man-machine interface in the survey system, eliminating human factors in the survey work as much as possible, eliminating environmental factors in the survey work as much as possible, and establishing the basis of total automation of the survey system To radically improve the surveyor training system, and to speed up and facilitate the work of staff and horizontal angle observations.

[Means and Principles for Resolving Problems and Achieving the Purpose]

The problems and objectives described above are solved or achieved by the following items.

However, the solving means of are common to the solving means in the previous invention.

Therefore, the solution peculiar to the invention of this application is
Is.

The image pickup device 22 _i , the electric circuit configuration unit 3 and the display device 4 are provided at the subsequent stage of the optical lens system 21 _i in the surveying instrument, and the image pickup device 22 _{i to the} display device 4 are monochrome system (m) or The color system (c) is used, the reference line signal generating circuit 32 _i is provided in the electric circuit forming section 3, and the shadow surface or mesh surface signal generating circuit is provided in the electric circuit forming section 3. Regarding the transit, the mechanical coupling between the image pickup device 22 _i and the display device 4 should be cut / separated so that the display device 4 does not rotate vertically (⊆
), The recording device 9 is connected to the electric circuit configuration part 3 via the recording signal line 72, and the large display device is electrically connected in parallel to the small image display part 4 with the signal code. Connect via the horizontal base (P), and arrange two sets of telescope barrels A and B on the horizontal base (P) so that they can rotate independently in the horizontal plane. At that time, the barrel A rotates in the horizontal plane. The centerline and the rotation centerline in the horizontal plane of the lens barrel B should be parallel (p) or series (s), and the mechanical coupling relationship between the imaging device 22 and the display device 4 should be cut / separated to display the display device. 4 is fixed on the horizontal board (P), and two sets of imaging devices 22 ₁ and 22
_{The two} video signals generated from 2 are combined and the combined video signal is output, so that the two video signals can be displayed on the screen of only one image display unit 4 simultaneously in parallel. Image signal synthesizing circuit CDM for 2 screen multi system to enable
The angle between the center line of the lens barrel A and the center line of the lens barrel B,
Providing an included angle detection and display means for detecting and displaying.

However, the solution is now included in the solution.

〔Example〕

(Types of Examples and Internal Relations) With regard to the invention of this application, at least ²⁹
= 512 examples exist.

That is, whether the subject of the invention is the level (= L) or the transit (= T), there are two ways first, and then the rotation center line in the horizontal plane of the lens barrel A and the rotation center line in the horizontal plane of the lens barrel B are arranged in parallel. There are two types (reference) depending on whether they are arranged in a relationship (= P) or in a serial relationship (= S). Or 2 sets (reference), or 2 sets depending on whether or not the inter-mirror included angle detection display means is installed (
Therefore, there are 2 ⁴ = 16 combinations in the first place.

Furthermore, since there are 2 ⁵ = 32 combinations depending on whether or not the achievement means (or) are adopted or selected, depending on these combinations, at least 2 ⁹ = 512.
An exact embodiment is created.

In the following, reference will be made to the 18 kinds of embodiments regardless of a little, but in order to avoid redundant description, those that can be understood by analogy with other embodiments will be described. I would like to make the reference as simple as possible.

That is, six types of embodiments LPM1 to 3 and LPC1 to 3 relating to the two-axis / two-barrel type electronic level surveying instrument will be described in detail, but the remaining twelve types of embodiments, namely, the one-axis / two-barrel type. Six types of examples LSM1 to 3 relating to the electronic level surveying instrument,
Six types of examples TPM1 to TPC3 and TPC1 to TPC3 related to the LSC1 to 3 and the two-axis / two-barrel type electronic transit survey instrument
Regarding, I would like to keep the reference as simple as possible and leave it to understanding based on analogy.

Now, the internal relations among these 18 kinds of embodiments are accurately expressed in the system of symbol numbers given to each embodiment. The meanings of the symbol numbers are as follows.

(By the way, P is adopted from the initials of parallell and S is adopted from the initials of series.) Therefore, when comparing the symbol numbers of arbitrary examples, common symbol numbers are If so, the configurations corresponding to those symbol numbers are also common, and if there are different symbol numbers,
It means that the configurations corresponding to those symbol numbers are also different.

The above relationship will become more apparent by the detailed description of each embodiment below.

[Example LPM1 (Level)] Example LPM1 is, so to speak, a two-axis, two-lens-barrel type monochrome electronic level surveying instrument, which is one of the above-mentioned various achieving means.
m, p ,, and are adopted.

The example LPM1 has the following basic functions (external action) I to III even in comparison with the one-lens-barrel type monochrome electronic level survey instrument.

(I) Two staffs M captured separately by the two lens barrels A and B
The images of ₁ and M ₂ are displayed simultaneously and in parallel on the left half surface and the right half surface of one display screen (41) together with the background. (II) At the same time, two reference lines SL ₁ , SL ₂ has the same screen (41)
It is superposed on each image on the left half surface and the right half surface, and is clearly displayed. If necessary, the shadow surface or the mesh surface also appears with a proper brightness.

(III) The display screen (41) is fixed on the horizontal base P and does not follow the rotational movement of the two lens barrels A and B at all. (IV) The included angle formed by the two lens barrels A and B is , For example, the circular dial d ₁ and the pointer i are displayed so that the scale can be displayed.

Therefore, according to the embodiment LPM1, two measured points A ′,
It is possible to measure the _two staffs M ₁ and M ₂ at B ′ at the same time.

Further, the lens barrel A is fixedly placed in the direction of the measured point A ', and then the lens barrel B is sequentially moved from the measured point B'direction to the C'direction, further to the D'direction .... By doing so, it is possible to simultaneously measure the levels of a plurality of points with reference to the measured point A ′.

At this time, the azimuth angles of the measured points B ', C', D '..., which are based on the direction of the measured point A', can be directly read.

Back in the course of installation of the surveying instrument, when two reference points S ₁ and S ₂ whose levels are known exist in mutually different directions (for example, opposite directions), for example, the lens barrel A Then S ₁
By collimating S ₂ with the lens barrel B, the result of leveling by bubbles can be inspected accurately and easily, and the leveling screw can be readjusted based on the result of this inspection. Therefore, the leveling accuracy can be further improved.

Such a thing was completely impossible with the conventional surveying method.

Hereinafter, the details of the structure and operation (internal action) of the embodiment LPM1 will be described.

The embodiment LPM1 firstly comprises a tripod, a tripod mount, a pedestal provided on an upper part of the tripod mount, and a main body rotatably supported on the pedestal at an upper part of the pedestal.

However, the tripod, the tripod mount, and the pedestal are publicly known and used before the filing of this application, and are not shown here for simplification. The main part of the body is shown in FIGS. That is, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment LPM1, and FIG. 2 is suitable for a biaxial, two-lens-barrel embodiment LPM1 and the like.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the inter-lens tube included angle detection method, FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a two-screen parallel display mode suitable for the image display unit 4, and FIG. FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of the display means, FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram showing an example of a pointer i used therein, and FIG. 5 (a) is a diagram showing the internal and external wiring relations of the electric circuit configuration part 3. FIG. 2B is a conceptual connection diagram showing the essential parts, and FIG. 2B is a conceptual connection diagram showing the essential parts relating to the internal connection of the television circuit 31 used therein.

The respective elements constituting the above-mentioned embodiment LPM1 are as follows.

Reference numerals 1 ₁ and 1 ₂ denote cylindrical casings whose cross section has a substantially circular or angular shape, and whose vertical cross section has a parallel line shape, a taper line shape, or a step shape, and has an opening at its front end surface. Exists.

Reference numerals 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ are television cameras, 21 ₁ and 21 ₂ are optical lens systems constituting the elements, and 21 ₁ and 21 ₂ are imaging units which are also as small as possible. The optical lens systems 22 ₁ and 22 ₂ naturally include a known focusing mechanism. A fixed image pickup device is preferably used for the image pickup unit.

The above-mentioned various elements 21 ₁ and 21 ₂ are housed inside each cylindrical casing 1 _i . Therefore, of the cylindrical casing part 1 ₁ and 1 _2, the portion surrounding the optical lens system 21 ₁ and 21 ₂ is made a barrel A and B.

3 is an electric circuit component, 31 is a television circuit forming a part thereof, 32 is a reference line signal generating circuit, and 32 is a reference line signal generating circuit.
Are the same autofocus adjustable.

CL is a clock pulse generating circuit, VA ₁ and VA ₂ are video signal amplifying circuits, and COM is an image signal synthesizing circuit for two-screen multi-system (hereinafter simply referred to as “two-screen image signal synthesizing circuit”).

Reference numeral 4 is an image display unit (CRT), and 41 is its display screen (CRT surface).

Reference numeral 8 is a power supply unit configured separately.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a recording unit, which is an element of the embodiment LPM2 and the like described later.

P is a horizontal base, v ₁ and v ₂ are vertical axes, d ₁ and d ₂ are circular scales, AG is a clockwise or counterclockwise angle scale engraved on the horizontal base P, and a _g is a circular scale. It is a clockwise angle scale engraved on the board d ₁ .

g ₂ g ₃ g ₁ is 3 (generally 2n + 1, where n ≧
1) A gear transmission mechanism (wheel train) made of metal or synthetic resin, which is composed of a set of gear trains. In this case, the gear transmission mechanism must have almost no backlash, and the left and right gears g ₁ and g ₂ must have the same radius and the same number of teeth. i is a pointer having a U-shaped cross section, which is fixedly mounted on the gear g ₁ .

_{g 2, g 3, g 1} , i, and _{a g} forms the barrel between the included angle detection mechanism cooperate.

The engagement or coupling relationship between each of the above elements is roughly as follows.

The horizontal base P is rotatably supported on an upper part of a pedestal (not shown) in a horizontal plane.

Vertical axis v _1, v ₂ is on a horizontal base P, are disposed spaced apart from each other, the tubular casing 1 ₁ on their axes, 1 _2, which can be rotated in each independent in the horizontal plane So that it is supported horizontally. The circular dials d ₁ and d ₂ are mechanically rigidly connected to the latter so that they can follow the rotational movements of the lens barrels A and B.

Inside each cylindrical casing 1 _i , in addition to the optical lens system 21 _i and the imaging device 22 _i of the subtotal possible, a part of the electric circuit component 3 is accommodated and arranged. There is.

On the horizontal base p, a casing 5 also serving as a light-shielding hood is fixedly installed.

Inside the housing 5, the whole or the rest of the electric circuit component 3 and the image display unit (for example, cathode ray tube) 4 are housed and fixed. Therefore, the housing 5, and therefore the electrical components arranged therein, do not follow the rotational movement of the lens barrels A, B at all.

Therefore, the electrical elements inside the tubular casing and the electrical elements inside the housing 5 must be coupled by known electrical coupling means for the counter rotating body, for example, an insulating cord (not shown). I have to.
At this time, in the case of a flexible cord having a conventional insulating cord, it is preferable to be suspended in the vicinity of the vertical axes v ₁ and v ₂ in an unrestrained state, and in the case of a curled cord, the vertical axis v ₁ , V
_It is preferable that the winding is gently wound around _2. The operation of each part of the embodiment will be described.

The basic function of the gear transmission mechanism g ₂ g ₃ g ₁ is the vertical axis v.
The direction and magnitude of the rotational angle in the horizontal plane of the ₂ thus Matakagami passage B, is to transmit exactly the guidelines i.

The principle of the detection display function of the included angle between the mirrors is as follows.

When the lens barrels A and B are in the fixed positions, the circular dials d ₁ ,
Zero scale o _1, o ₂ on d _2, as in FIG. 2 shown, it is assumed that in the position of the most front.

Now, when the lens barrel A is rotated counterclockwise by an angle α ° (for example, 20 °), the lens barrel A moves to the line A ′, and the zero scale o ₁ moves to the position o ₁ ′. At this time, since the pointer i does not move, it indicates the angle scale value α ° (for example, 20 degrees) on the circular scale disk d ₁ .

Next, turn the lens barrel B clockwise by an angle β (for example, 30 degrees).
When it is rotated by only 0, the lens barrel B will come to the zero scale o on the line B '.
₂ moves to the position of o ₂ ′ (point P), and the pointer i interlocked with these also rotates β ° (for example, 30 degrees) in the clockwise direction to reach point P ′.

At this time, since the circular upper plate d ₁ is immovable, the scale value at the point P is α + β ° (for example, 20 + 30 = 50 degrees). That is, the included angle formed by the lens barrels A and B can be directly detected and displayed.

The composition of screens will be briefly described.

The basic function of the two-screen image synthesizing device COM in the television circuit 31 of FIG. 5 (b) is that the staff M ₁ captured by the left lens barrel A and its background are displayed as shown in FIG. The staff M ₂ displayed on the left half surface of the screen 41 and captured by the right lens barrel B and the background thereof are combined into one system of new image signals displayed on the right half surface of the display screen 41. There is something to do.

The two-screen image synthesizing circuit having such a function can be easily realized by applying a known multi-screen synthesizing technique (see page 1413 of the Electronic Information and Communication Handbook).

Alternatively, four line memories A ₁ , A ₂ , B ₁ , B capable of respectively storing image signals for one horizontal scanning period.
₂ and 4 timing control circuits capable of controlling each timing of writing and reading of 4 line memories can be easily configured. That is, in a certain horizontal scanning period, on the other hand, the memories A ₁ and B ₁
While writing the left and right image signals respectively, the image signals for one scanning period already written in the memories A ₂ and B ₂ are sequentially read out at a double speed (in the first half of the period, the memory A reading the _second content in the second half of the period, reading the contents of memory B ₂₎ to control the timing so that, in the next horizontal scanning period, while the memory a ₂ and B
While writing image signals of respective left and right ₂ and, in the first half of the other in a sequential read out already an image signal of each one scanning period in writing in the memory A ₁ and B ₁ at twice the rate (period The contents may be read from the memory A ₁ and the timing may be controlled so that the contents of the memory B ₁ are read in the latter half of the period), and this operation is repeated thereafter.

The appearance of the reference line will be described.

Here, an electronic slit is adopted instead of the optical slit. That is, the left and right reference lines (horizontal line, cross line, square-shaped line, stadia line, etc.) have a pair of reference signal generation circuits 32 ₁ , respectively.
Depending on the output signal from the 32 ₂ is to appear. Furthermore, the shadow surface or the mesh surface can be revealed by means of pure electronic circuit.

Details of these circuits will be described later in [Details of Television Circuit].

The alternative means of each element will be briefly described.

A liquid crystal display device can be used for the display unit 4. The liquid crystal display device is suitable for a display device in which two display devices are used without using the two-screen image signal synthesis circuit.

As the electrical coupling means for the pair of rotating bodies, instead of the insulating cord, slip ring coupling, capacitive coupling, mutual inductance coupling, electromagnetic coupling, or the like arranged inside or outside the vertical axes v ₁ and v ₂ is independently used. Alternatively, they can be used in combination.

The pointer i can be replaced by a double vernier or a folded vernier. When the circular dial d is made of transparent material, the tip of the pointer may be below the dial d,
The shape does not need to be U-shaped.

The gear transmission mechanism (g ₂ g ₃ g ₁ ) may be replaced with another transmission mechanism, for example, a belt transmission mechanism. However,
In this case, the belt transmission mechanism must be of a type that does not cause slip or displacement in the engagement relationship between the belt and the driving wheel.

In addition, the above-mentioned inter-lens included angle detection display mechanism (g ₂ g ₃ g ₁ ia)
_{For g} ), other means equivalent to this can be configured and replaced. For example, with one brush sensor arranged between the circular scale disc d ₁ and the resin gear g ₁ and one digital display means disposed at an appropriate position, the pointer i and the angle scale a _g Can be substituted. Alternatively,
Each one electric rotation angle detection means (for example, a brush sensor, an optical sensor, or the like) provided corresponding to each vertical axis v ₁ and v ₂ .
Timing sensor etc.), one analog or digital adder circuit, and one analog or digital display means are used to detect the rotation angles of both vertical axes v ₁ and v ₂ , respectively, and to detect both rotation angles. The detection signals can be added (or subtracted depending on how the code is taken), and the added (or subtracted) signals can be visually displayed.

Regarding the connection or engagement relationship between the horizontal base P, the vertical axis v, the cylindrical casing 1, and the circular scale plate d, the vertical axis v is fixed on the horizontal base P, and the cylindrical casing 1 and the circular scale plate d are fixed. You may comprise so that it may rotate together with this d on this axis.

The correction of the azimuth angle will be described.

When the centroid and the rotational axis (not shown) of the horizontal base P coincide with each other and the vertical axes v ₁ and v ₂ are on the circumference of the radius r centered on the centroid, the lens barrel A or B is The azimuth angle to be collimated is accompanied by the following constant error.

ε _A (degree) ≈ (r / l _A ) ・ (180 / π) cos α ε _B (degree) ≈ (r / l _B ) ・ (180 / π) cosβ where ε _A and ε _B are the lens barrel A And the constant error for B, l
_A and l _B is the distance to each object to be measured A 'and B', alpha is counterclockwise rotation angle of the lens barrel A, beta is a clockwise rotation angle of the barrel B.

The above error can be ignored if the distances l _A and l _B are much larger than the radius r, but if not, they must be corrected. This correction can be easily made by calculation.

Alternatively, when the line-of-sight lines of the lens barrels A and B are in a non-intersecting state (that is, when the lens barrel A faces counterclockwise and the lens barrel B faces clockwise), the included angle between the lens barrels is detected. The display of the display means is too small, and when the collimation lines of the lens barrels A and B are in an intersecting state, the display of the display means is too large. The constant error can be corrected.

In this case, it is possible to apply the triangle formula to make a precise correction without using the distances l _A and l _B.

[Example LPM2] Example LPM2 is a recording device 9, a recording device 9, and the electric circuit as shown in FIG. Component 3
Is a two-axis / two-lens-barrel type monochrome electronic level surveying instrument with a recording device, which is formed by adding a recording signal line 71 electrically connecting the two.

According to this embodiment, the leveling rod M ₁ and the reference line SL ₁ was projected onto the left half of one display screen _41, and a leveling rod M ₂ and the reference line SL ₂ that was projected onto the right half, the surveyor By operating the electronic shutter release 92 by, the recording device 9 together with the background is taken in the same way as if you were taking a still picture.
It is possible to record and record on the magnetic disk inside.

Later, the on-site surveyor's supervisor can pull out the recordings recorded on the magnetic disk, check the survey values recorded in the record book, and give instructions for correction or correction to obtain accurate survey results. .

In addition, the surveyed values recorded on the magnetic disk can be transmitted from the field work office to the surveyor or manager of the head office or branch office. It is possible to easily create a drawing at the head office or a branch office without having to bring "a thing" (= drawing book) to the head office or a branch office.

Thus, the magnetic disk can be stored and preserved for a predetermined period as the most reliable data of the survey results.

For the alternatives of the recording device, see [Details of recording part] below.
Will be explained in detail.

[Example LPM3 (Level)] Example LPM3 is a biaxial 2 with recording device of Example LPM2.
This is an electronic level surveying instrument with a large-scale display and recording device for training, which is equipped with a large-scale display device in addition to the lens-barrel type monochrome electronic leveling instrument.

Example LPM3 with large display and recording device 2 axis 2
The lens-barrel type monochrome electronic level surveying instrument is especially useful for teaching practical skills in technical schools, agricultural schools, vocational schools, universities, etc. that train surveyors.

[Example LPC1 (Level)] Example LPC1 is, so to speak, a two-axis, two-lens-barrel type color electronic level surveying instrument, of the above-mentioned various achieving means, c,
, P ,, and are adopted.

In other words, it is a two-axis / two-lens-barrel type color electronic level surveying instrument in which the monochrome television system forming the subsystem of the LPM1 is replaced with a color television system.

In this case, the reference line signal is superimposed on each of the R, G, and B signal lines before combining at a desired ratio, either dynamically or operatively.

Thus, Example LPC1 has the following basic functions.

Images of the _two staffs (box scales) M ₁ and M ₂ captured separately by the two lens barrels A and B, together with their backgrounds, are clearly enlarged on the left half surface and the right half surface of one display screen 41. The color erect image is displayed simultaneously and in parallel. Moreover, the erect image, regardless of the configuration of the optical lens system 21,
It can be realized electrically.

At the same time, the white to colored reference lines SL ₁ and SL ₂ are also superposed on the respective images on the left half surface and the right half surface of the same screen and clearly appear. If necessary, a white or colored shadow surface or a shaded surface can be exposed with appropriate brightness.

The display screen (41) is fixed on the horizontal base P and does not follow the rotational movement of the two lens barrels A and B at all.

The included angle formed by the two lens barrels A and B is displayed in a readable manner by, for example, the circular dial d ₁ and the pointer i.

The image of the staff and background, and the image of the reference line become clearer as compared with the case of the monochrome system.

Other functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the embodiment LPM using the monochrome system.

[Example LPC2 (Level)] The example LPC2 is a color electronic level surveying instrument with a recording device which is obtained by adding the recording device 9 and the recording signal line 71 to the example LPC1.

The working effect is the working effect of the tubular color electronic level surveying instrument of the embodiment LPC1 and the biaxial 2 with recording device of the embodiment LMP2.
It is the sum of the effects of the lens barrel type electronic level survey instrument.

Example LPC3 (Level) Example LPC3 is a color electronic level surveying instrument with a large display / recording device for learning, which is obtained by adding a large display device to the example LPC2.

The action and effect are the same as the action and effect of Example LPC2.
This is the sum of the action and effect of PM3.

[Embodiment LSM1 (Level)] As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the embodiment LSL1 is a one-axis / two-lens-barrel type monochrome in which two cylindrical casings 1 and 1 are rotatably supported on one vertical shaft. It is an electronic level surveying instrument, and in other words, the above-mentioned achievement means m, s, ...
It is a 1-axis 2-lens-barrel type monochrome electronic level surveying instrument adopting and.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of an essential part when the two tubular casings 1, 1 and thus the two lens barrels A and B are supported so as to be able to rotate in the same plane. The figure is the same side view.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of an essential part when two cylindrical casings, and therefore two lens barrels A and B are supported so as to rotate in different planes, and FIG. 9 is the same side surface. It is a figure.

In the case of the bearing type shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, there is no need to make corrections in any of the vertical and horizontal directions. However, in the case of the bearing type shown in FIGS. It is necessary to perform correction by the level difference h between the cylinders A and B.

The inter-lens included angle detection display mechanism used in this type of embodiment includes, for example, a circular dial d (not shown) interlocking with one lens barrel A and a pointer i (not shown) interlocking with the other lens barrel B.
With, you can easily configure. In this case, the idler gear g ₃ such as FIG. 4 (a) is not needed.

Of course, instead of the mechanical type, an electric type inter-lens included angle detection display means as used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be constructed.

The other structures and functions are the same as those of the two-axis / two-barrel type monochrome electronic level surveying instrument of the embodiment LPM1.

[Other Examples of 1-axis / 2-lens-barrel Level] The other five examples of the 1-axis / 2-lens-barrel type are two-axis 2-lens-barrel-shaped,
There is a one-to-one correspondence with the five embodiments other than LPM1.

That is, five biaxial / two-lens-barrel-shaped examples LPM2 and LP
1 for M3 and LPC1, LPC2, and LPC3
Five examples, which are formed by transforming into a shaft 2 lens barrel, are LSM2,
And LSM3, and LSC1, LSC2, and LSC
It is 3.

The operational effects of these five embodiments of the uniaxial / two lens barrel type are, of course, substantially the same as the operational effects of the original five embodiments of the biaxial / two lens barrel type.

[Examples of 2-axis 2-lens barrel type transit] If the lens-barrels A and B in the six examples of the 2-axis 2-lens-barrel type electronic level surveying instrument are modified so that they can rotate in the vertical plane. The six implementations TPM1 to TPM1 to TPC1 to TPC3 of the two-axis, two-barrel type electronic transit survey instrument are obtained.

In each of the embodiments thus configured, a U-shaped hanger is provided, for example, on one or both of the vertical axes v ₁ and v ₂ or on one or both of the circular scales d ₁ and d _2. A (supporter) is supported or supported, a horizontal shaft is supported between the upper ends of the hangers so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane, and a cylindrical casing is fixedly mounted on the horizontal shaft.

The two-axis, two-lens-barrel type transit survey instrument can quickly and easily measure the vertical angle by the same principle as the measurement of the included angle between the two barrels in the two-axis, two-barrel type level survey instrument.

By adding electrical means for detecting the included angle between the lens barrels and the like, it is possible to eliminate the calculation error and to leave the record on the magnetic disk or the like without human intervention.

[Details of electrical circuit components]

(Television Circuit 31) The television circuit 31 shown in FIG. 5 (b) is a clock pulse generation circuit CL and a horizontal synchronization signal (horizontal start pulse) generation circuit well known to those skilled in the art. H, vertical sync signal (vertical start pulse)
Generating circuit V, horizontal deflection voltage generating circuit, vertical deflection voltage deflecting circuit, horizontal blanking circuit, vertical blanking circuit, and the like, and a set of video signal processing auxiliary circuits, and video signal amplifying circuits VA ₁ , VA _2, etc. It includes a two-system video signal processing backbone circuit and a two-screen image signal synthesis circuit COM.

The output pulses from the clock pulse generating circuit CL, the horizontal synchronizing signal (horizontal start pulse) generating circuit H, and the vertical synchronizing signal (vertical start pulse) generating circuit V are used in the present invention, which will be described later. It is effectively used by each element circuit.

(Horizontal Line Signal Generating Circuit) The basic configuration of the horizontal line signal generating circuit 32H used in the present invention and its operating principle will be described in detail. Figure 10 (a)
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram mainly showing the principle of the horizontal signal generating circuit according to the present invention.

In FIG, DF is a differential _circuit, d 1 to d ₂ are unidirectional circuits (eg, a _diode), D 1 to D ₂ is unregulated delay circuit, VD is adjustable delay circuit (e.g., adjustable delay pulse generating circuit),
SW ₁ and SW ₃ are electronic changeover switches, W is an adjustable pulse width settling circuit, and B is a brightness adjusting circuit, and these element circuits cooperate to form a horizontal line signal generating circuit. (N
Is a halftone dot signal generation circuit which will be described later together with the electronic changeover switch SW ₃ . ) The unidirectional circuit d ₁ is a circuit for selecting and conducting only the differential pulse derived from the trailing edge of the vertical synchronizing pulse, and the unidirectional circuit d _{2 in the} opposite direction to this is the circuit before the same synchronizing pulse. It is a circuit for selecting and conducting only the differential pulse originating from the edge.

The basic function of the horizontal line signal generation circuit 32H itself is that when a positive input pulse signal is applied to its input terminal in, a predetermined delay time t ₁ + t ₂ or t ₁ + t starts from the time when the trailing edge occurs.
After passing _D (t _D is adjustable), an output pulse signal having a discretely adjustable pulse width (duration) τ _i and a discretely or continuously adjustable pulse amplitude a _j is output. It is to output from out.

Therefore, the first terminal is applied to the input terminal in of the horizontal line signal generation circuit 32H.
0 Vertical sync signal (vertical start pulse) as shown in Fig. 0 (a)
In this case, the circuit 32H is configured to start the time from the time point t ₁ + t _D in each vertical scanning period (when the trailing edge generation time point of each vertical synchronizing signal is defined as zero time point (time axis origin)). (T
₁ + t _D + τ _i ), the pulse signal is continuously output. Therefore, by superimposing the pulse signal obtained by this on the video signal, the horizontal line of the desired brightness is displayed on the screen. It can be done.

To adjust the settling position in the vertical direction of the horizontal line, after the electronic changeover switch SW ₁ is switched to the adjustable pulse delay circuit (for example, adjustable delay pulse generation circuit) VD side, the delay time is adjusted in the adjustable pulse delay circuit VD. It can be easily accomplished by adjusting t _D.

The line width of the horizontal line can be easily adjusted in the adjustable pulse width settling circuit W by adjusting the output pulse width (duration) τ _i .

The brightness adjustment of the horizontal line can be easily performed by adjusting the amplitude output of the brightness adjustment circuit B.

(Vertical line signal generation circuit) The input of the vertical line signal generation circuit 32V of FIG.
When the horizontal synchronizing signal (horizontal start pulse) is guided to, a vertical line is displayed on the screen.

The line width of the vertical line can be easily adjusted by adjusting the output pulse width of the adjustable pulse width settling circuit W.

In addition, the vertical position adjustment of the horizontal line is performed by the electronic changeover switch S.
This can be easily performed by switching W ₁ to the adjustable pulse delay circuit VD side.

The brightness adjustment of the vertical line can be easily performed by adjusting the amplitude output of the brightness adjustment circuit B.

Although these circuits can be configured by analog circuits, it is preferable to make them digital and IC.

(Reference line generation circuit) The horizontal single-character line segment is, for example,
This is realized by adding a set of two delay pulse generation circuits controlled by the horizontal period signal and the like, and determining the start point and the end point of the line segment.

The vertical 1-character line segment is realized by adding a pair of delay pulse generation circuits and the like controlled by the vertical synchronization signal to the vertical line signal generation circuit and determining the start and end points of the line segment. To be done.

The hatched line or the hatched line segment is the vertical line signal generation circuit of FIG.
In the vertical line segment signal generation circuit of 32 V or the vertical one-character line segment, it is obtained by controlling the delay time of the variable delay circuit VD by the horizontal synchronization period signal.

That is, if a horizontal synchronizing signal or a step-down signal thereof is introduced to the up terminal up in the delay pulse generating circuit of FIG. 10 (c), the coincidence detection times of the counts in the coincidence circuit c are sequentially shifted. The vertical line of can be changed to a diagonal line.

By using these three circuits, the horizontal line signal generation circuit, and the vertical line signal generation circuit in various combinations, an arbitrary reference line pattern can be displayed.

For example, a reference line formed by replacing the vertical line segment between the first and second quadrants of the cross line, the cross-shaped line, and the cross line with two adjacent vertical line segments, and between the second and third quadrants of the cross line. A reference line formed by replacing a horizontal line segment with a horizontal V-shaped line (two oblique line segments that intersect each other to form an acute angle), a plurality of stadia lines or stadia lines, and these stadia lines and the above-mentioned reference lines. And so on, and so on.

In addition, two horizontal lines or horizontal line segments and two vertical lines or vertical line segments can be combined to reveal double-sided slits or box-shaped slits (the usage is detailed in [Details of recording unit]). Mentioned).

Therefore, if an arbitrary plurality of reference line pattern generating circuits are installed in the electric circuit forming section 3, they can be used by switching by an electronic changeover switch according to the purpose of the case. Very effective and convenient.

The above circuits are preferably integrated into an IC.

(Shadow Signal or Shading Signal Generation Circuit) FIG. 10 (d) shows an adjustable shading surface or shadow surface signal generation circuit.

In the figure, FF is a flip-flop circuit, NOT is an inverting (negative) circuit, CL is a clock pulse generating circuit, VS is a frequency dividing / shaping circuit for displaying a vertical stripe pattern, H is a horizontal synchronizing signal generating circuit, and HS is It is a frequency dividing / shaping circuit for making horizontal stripes appear.

The vertical stripe appearance frequency dividing circuit VS generates a square wave, and the square wave has a turn-on signal over m (m ≧ 1) pixels and n.
The off signal for (n ≧ 1) pixels is alternately repeated. The horizontal-stripe displaying frequency dividing circuit HS also generates a square wave, and the square wave has an ON signal over m (m ≧ 1) horizontal scanning lines and n (n ≧ 1) horizontal scanning. The off signal over the line is alternately repeated.

The above circuit is used in combination with the horizontal line signal generation circuit 32H or the vertical line signal generation circuit 32V as shown in FIG. 10 (a) or (b).

First, the operation when combined with the horizontal signal generation circuit 32H will be described.

When the electronic switches SW _{4 to} SW ₅ are in the illustrated state,
Make the shadow side appear in the lower half of the screen. This is because when the leading edge of the horizontal line signal is input to the flip-flop FF, the logic 1 signal is continuously output until it is restored by the leading edge of the next vertical synchronizing signal.

By switching the electronic switch SW ₄ upward, the shadow part and the non-shadow part can be reversed.

When the electronic switch SW ₆ is switched upward, a vertical striped pattern appears. This is because the frequency shaping circuit VS outputs a rectangular wave with a short period. The vertical stripe interval is a distance of n (or m) pixels.

If another inverting circuit is switched and inserted on the output side of VS,
The bright and dark parts of the vertical stripes can be reversed. Furthermore,
By diverting the output signal of the frequency dividing circuit HS and periodically turning on / off between the input / output terminals of the inverting circuit, a checkered pattern can be displayed.

By switching only the electronic switch SW ₅ downward, a horizontal striped pattern can be revealed. This is because the horizontal stripe frequency divider HS outputs a long-period square wave. The horizontal stripe interval is n
(Or m) pixels.

When both SW ₅ and SW ₆ are switched and used, a checkered pattern can be revealed.

Next, the case of using with the vertical line signal generation circuit will be described. The operation is the same as that described above.

Further, by using the half-tone dot area generation circuit combined with the horizontal line signal generation circuit 32H and the half-tone area signal generation circuit combined with the vertical line signal generation circuit 32V together (when the display screen is regarded as a 4-quadrant configuration), It is possible to expose a shadow surface or a shaded surface in three quadrants.

(Adjustable Delay Pulse Generation Circuit) The adjustable delay pulse generation circuit VD in FIG. 10 (c) will be described.

In the figure, a is an addition type counting circuit (up counter), ud is a reversible counting circuit (up / down counter),
c is a matching circuit.

The basic function of this circuit is to output the output terminal out of the coincidence circuit during the period in which the counting content of the addition-type counting circuit a matches the numerical content of the reversible counting circuit ud and the matching state continues.
The output of the coincidence detection signal is continued.

The numerical contents of the reversible counting circuit ud can be freely changed via the up terminal up or the down terminal down.

As a matter of course, the addition type counting circuit (up counter) a may be replaced with a subtraction type counting circuit (down counter).

When the number of countable counting circuits a is small, there is a possibility that two or more coincidence detection pulses will be output to the output terminal out during one scanning period.

This phenomenon can be prevented by using one AND gate and one flip-flop circuit.

That is, an AND gate is additionally inserted between the coincidence circuit C and the output terminal out, the set terminal of the flip-flop circuit is connected to the output terminal of the coincidence detection circuit, and the reset terminal thereof is shown in FIGS. ) In the cathode side of the diode d ₂ and its logical 0 output terminal connected to the second input terminal of the AND gate. The appearance of can be prohibited.

(Automatic Focus Adjusting Circuit) The automatic focus adjusting circuit 33 in FIG. 5 will be described.

As the automatic focus adjustment circuit (33), a known spatial frequency type adjustment circuit or the like is used. This type of adjustment circuit analyzes the frequency spectrum in the video signal using a spatial frequency spectrum analysis circuit, etc. while perturbing the objective lens or focusing lens in the optical lens system back and forth, and determines the higher spectrum distribution. When the state of the most deviated position is detected, the lens position at that time is determined to be the in-focus position, and a perturbation stop signal for stopping the perturbation of the lens is issued.

Or, instead of detecting the most deviated state to the higher spatial frequency spectrum distribution, assume an arbitrary line segment (horizontal line segment or vertical line segment) near the reference line on the screen, and Therefore, the number of peaks (maximum points) or valleys (minimum points) of the video signal is counted, the lens position with the maximum count value is detected, and this position is determined to be the in-focus position. The circuit may be configured to do so.

Such a function is performed by a line segment determination circuit (sampling circuit), a video signal transmission gate that is opened and closed by the line segment determination circuit, a maximum (small) value detection circuit connected to the subsequent stage of the transmission gate, and a maximum. The maximum (small) point counting circuit connected to the subsequent stage of the (small) value detection circuit, the maximum (small) point registration circuit (for example, a counting circuit, a register, etc.), and the contents of the maximum (small) point counting circuit and the maximum (small) A comparison circuit (for example, a reversible counting circuit) for comparing the contents of the (small) point registration circuit with the maximum (small) point registration circuit when the content of the maximum (small) point counting circuit is larger as a result of the comparison. Can be realized by a digital transfer circuit (for example, an AND gate group) for transferring a new maximum (small) score to the maximum (small) score registration circuit.

Then, as the perturbation stop signal from the circuit, for example, a coincidence detection signal from a digital comparison circuit is used.

The above-mentioned line segment determination circuit includes a horizontal scanning line (or line group) selection circuit (for example, a delay circuit with a tap) connected to the vertical same-signal generation circuit V, and a sample section (or a sampling section connected to the horizontal synchronization signal generation circuit (or This is realized by a selection circuit (for example, realized by a delay circuit with a tap and an adjustable pulse width adjusting circuit) and an AND circuit connected to the latter stage of both selection circuits.

The maximum (small) point detection circuit has a sample value hold circuit directly connected to the output of the transmission gate circuit and two input terminals, the first input terminal directly connected to the transmission gate, and the second input terminal
The input terminal of is realized by a comparator connected to the sample value hold circuit, a differentiating circuit connected to the subsequent stage of the comparator, and a rectifying circuit connected to the output side of the fine powder circuit.

The other element circuits are well known to the electronic engineer, and therefore their description is omitted.

[Details of recording part]

An arbitrary recording system such as a magnetic recording system or an optical recording system is used for the recording unit.

Here, the magnetic recording method will be described.

1. The following two types of magnetic recording methods can be used for the video recording method of the electronic surveying instrument.

a) Method using magnetic tape (hereinafter referred to as "electronic movie recording method") b) Method using magnetic disk (for example, floppy disk) (referred to as electronic still recording method) According to the invention of this application, or In the case of standard equipment, the attachments can be used to change the use of (for compatible use) with respect to or against.

The advantages and disadvantages and advantages and disadvantages of both recording methods when the above two recording methods are compared will be evaluated and explained below.

A) It is better to use the electronic still picture recording method when measuring the level when constructing railway facilities such as railways.

B) When recording the above construction status, the movie recording method of is preferable. This is because it is possible to keep a moving recording as a record, and to check the work and save the tape to commemorate the completion of the work.

As the survey record by the electronic still recording system of
The cross slit by the C circuit is displayed on the CRT screen at the time of reproduction, but in the case of the electronic movie recording system by tape, the cross slit is erased from the beginning by a switch operation, and instead a square slit or a slit is displayed on the CRT screen. It is good to expose the double girder slit.

The exposed box-shaped slits or double-sided slits are used for composition of movie video recording.

As described above, by preparing an attachment for the system of the standard device, it is possible to change the functions interchangeably according to the purpose.

That is, a multipurpose usage method becomes possible.

[Action effect]

The basic operation and effect of the invention of this application is, in comparison with the above-mentioned prior art, the first to the first of the invention of this application.
It has just reached its 14th goal. However, the first to tenth operational effects resulting from the achievement of the first to tenth objects have already been achieved by the applicant's earlier invention.

Therefore, the basic operational effect unique to the present invention is
Through the fourteenth objectives, the following four actions and effects are achieved.

Eleventh action effect: It is possible to measure the levels of multiple points (two or more) at the same time. Twelfth action effect: Record the levels of multiple points (two or more) at the same time. However, the thirteenth action and effect: When observing the horizontal angle, it is not necessary to calculate (horizontal angle) = (final reading)-(first reading), fourteenth Effect of: The leveling error can be made much smaller than in the case of using the bubble level alone.

The following is a supplementary explanation of the operation and effect of the invention of this application, with a slight change in the viewpoint, without taking into account the overlap with this.

First, in the case of surveying tracks and roads, or land development, etc., according to the detailed study by the present inventors, a plurality of points (2
The fact that there are many cases where it is necessary to simultaneously and accurately measure the level of (above the point) and to keep an infallible record without human intervention, and there are many cases where it is also advantageous and economical, It has been clarified, but according to the invention of this application, it is possible to simultaneously measure two levels as described below and to keep accurate records including environmental factors. is there.

That is, according to the invention of this application, first, the lens barrel A is fixed to the measured point A ′, then the lens barrel B is directed to the measured point B ′, and then from B ′ to C ′. By moving from C'to D '..., it is possible to measure the levels of a plurality of points A', B ', C', D '... at the same time with reference to the starting point A'. It became possible to keep a record of each survey point on the magnetic disk.

Performing such surveying work has never been possible with conventional surveying instruments.

Second, as shown in FIG. 2, the azimuth (angle) survey is made by adding up the azimuth angle of 20 ° seen by the lens barrel A and the azimuth angle of 30 ° seen by the lens barrel B, for example. The azimuth angle of 50 ° is directly designated or displayed on the circular dial d ₁ by the pointer i, for example, and the reading is possible.

Thirdly, in the level survey, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to eliminate a reading error by projecting a staff on, for example, a cathode ray tube surface and reading it with both eyes. By leaving a record on the magnetic disk, it became possible to check it even after the fact.

Fourth, this record can be transmitted from the site to the branch office or head office.

In short, the present invention measures two points at the same time,
It is possible to record magnetically at the same time, and the conventional level surveying has been drastically changed, making it more rational and economical.
It is possible to achieve the purpose of surveying.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a second embodiment LPM1 of the invention of this application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lens barrel type electronic level survey instrument, and FIG. 2 is a lens barrel A and B used in the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the inter-lens-tube included angle detecting method for detecting the included angle formed by the lens. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a two-screen parallel display mode in the image display unit 4 of each example. FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing an example of an inter-lens included angle detection display means used in the embodiment of FIG. 1, etc., and FIG.
The figure which shows an example of the guideline i used for that, FIG.5 (a) is a conceptual wiring diagram which shows the internal and external wiring relevant part of the electric circuit structure part 3, and FIG.5 (b) is used for it. 6 is a plan view of both lens barrel portions in one embodiment of the uniaxial two lens barrel type, and FIG. 7 is the same. FIG. 8 is a side view of both lens barrel portions, FIG. 8 is a plan view of both lens barrel portions in another embodiment of a uniaxial two lens barrel type, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the both lens barrel portions. (A) is a horizontal line signal generation circuit used in the present invention, or an explanatory view of the principle of an upper (lower) area halftone dot signal generation circuit 32H, and FIG. 10 (b) is a vertical line used in this invention. FIG. 10 (c) is a diagram for explaining the principle of the signal generation circuit or the right (left) area halftone dot surface signal generation circuit 32V, and FIG. FIG. 10 (d) is an explanatory view of the principle of the adjustable mesh signal generation circuit. 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ...... Cylindrical casing, 2 ₁ , 2 ₂ ...... TV camera, 21 ₁ ...... Lens barrel A, 21 ₂ ...... Lens barrel B, 22, 22 ₂ ...... Imaging unit, 3 ...... Electric Circuit configuration part, 31 ... Television circuit,
32: reference line signal generation circuit, 32: automatic focus adjustment circuit,
CL ...... clock pulse generation circuit, VA _1, VA ₂ ...... video signal amplifier circuit, COM ...... image signal multiplexer circuit, 4 ...... image display unit (CRT), 41 ...... Display unit (CRT), 8 ...... Power supply, 9 ... Recording unit, P ... Horizontal base, d
₁ , d ₂ , ... circular upper plate, AG, _ag ... angle scale, g ₁ ~
g ₃ ...... gears, i ...... pointer, _{v 1,} v ₂ ...... vertical axis, OL
...... Objective lens, (part names corresponding to the reference numerals in FIG. 10) D ₁ , D ₂ ...... Unadjustable pulse delay circuit, VD …… Adjustable pulse delay circuit (or adjustable delay pulse generation circuit), SW
...... Electronic changeover switch, W …… Adjustable pulse width setting circuit. a: Countable counting circuit (up counter), ud ...
... Reversible counting circuit (up-down counter), C ... coincidence detection circuit. VS: Vertical striping frequency division shaping circuit, HS:
Horizontal striping frequency division shaping circuit, FF ... Flip-flop circuit, NOT ... Negation (inversion) circuit.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tripod, a tripod mount, a pedestal provided on an upper part of the tripod mount, and a main body rotatably supported on the top of the pedestal so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane. A horizontal base (P) and two sets of cylindrical casings (1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ) that are horizontally supported on the horizontal base (P) so as to be independently rotatable in a horizontal plane and have an opening at the front end. ), And a lens barrel for detecting and displaying the included angle between the center line of the lens barrel of one of the tubular casings (1 ₁ ) and the center line of the lens barrel of the other tubular casing (1 ₂ ). Inclusion angle detection display means (g ₂ g ₃
g ₁ ia _g ), a light-shielding cover / housing (5) fixedly mounted on the horizontal base (P) and having an opening at the rear, and two sets of optical lens systems (21 ₁ , 21 ₂ ), possibly 2 sets of image signals from two pairs of image pickup devices (22 ₁ , 22 ₂ ), electrical circuit component (3) and two pairs of image pickup devices (22 ₁ , 22 ₂ ) On the screen of, there is only one image display part (4) for displaying in parallel at the same time, and the rotation center lines of the cylindrical casings (1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ) are separated from each other. In each of the cylindrical casings (1 _i ), only one optical lens system (21 _i ) and imaging device (22 _i ) are provided, or one optical lens system (21 _i ) is provided. Also, only a part of each of the imaging device (22 _i ) and the electric circuit component (3) is housed and arranged, and inside the housing (5), the whole or the rest of the electric circuit component (3) and the image display unit. (4) is stored and arranged , Various electrical elements and the housing in each tubular casing (1 _i)
The electrical elements in (5) are connected to each other by the electrical coupling means for the pair of rotating bodies, and the electrical circuit configuration section (3) has two systems of image amplification circuits (VA _i ). Video signal processing core circuit, clock pulse generation circuit (CL), horizontal synchronization signal generation circuit
(H), video signal processing auxiliary circuit consisting of vertical synchronizing signal generation circuit (V), etc., and one reference line signal generation circuit or halftone signal generation circuit (32 ₁ , 32 ₂ ) provided for each system. And the image signal synthesizing circuit (COM) for two-screen multi-system connected to the latter stage of both the video signal amplifying circuits (VA ₁ , VA ₂ ) and both the reference line signal generating circuits or the halftone dot signal generating circuits (32 ₁ , 32 ₂ ). ) And a two-barrel type electronic surveying instrument. 2. A tripod, a tripod mount, a pedestal provided on the top of the tripod mount, and a main body rotatably supported on the top of the pedestal in a horizontal plane. A horizontal base (P) and a tubular casing (1 ₁ , ₁ , 2) having a substantially circular or rectangular cross section that is horizontally supported on the horizontal base (P) so as to be independently rotatable in a horizontal plane and has an opening in the front. and 1 _2), an included angle formed between the one tubular casing (1 ₁₎ barrel centerline of the barrel portion centerline and the other tubular casing (1 ₂₎ of, for detecting and displaying, Inclusion angle detection display means between lens barrels (g ₂ g ₃
g ₁ ia _g ), a light-shielding cover / housing (5) fixed on the horizontal base (P) and having an opening at the rear, an electric circuit component (3), and two sets of optical lens systems (21 ₁ , 21 ₂ ), two sets of imaging devices (22 ₁ , 22 ₂ ) which are as small as possible, and two sets of image signals from two sets of imaging devices (22 ₁ , 22 ₂ ) are the same. There is only one image display part (4) for displaying in parallel on the screen of, and each rotation center line of each cylindrical casing (1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ) is 1 They are arranged on the same vertical line so as to overlap each other. Inside each cylindrical casing (1 _i ), only one optical lens system (21 _i ) and imaging device (22 _i ) alone or one each Only the optical lens system (21 _i ), the imaging device (22 _i ), and a part of the electric circuit component (3) are housed and arranged, and the housing (5) has an electric circuit component (3) inside. All or the rest and image display (4) There is accommodated, provided, various electrical elements and the housing in each tubular casing (1 _i)
The electrical elements in (5) are connected to each other by the electrical coupling means for the pair of rotating bodies, and the electrical circuit configuration section (3) has two systems of image amplification circuits (VA _i ). Video signal processing core circuit, clock pulse generation circuit (CL), horizontal synchronization signal generation circuit
(H), video signal processing auxiliary circuit consisting of vertical synchronizing signal generation circuit (V), etc., and one reference line signal generation circuit or halftone signal generation circuit (32 ₁ , 32 ₂ ) provided for each system. And the image signal synthesizing circuit (COM) for two-screen multi-system connected to the latter stage of both the video signal amplifying circuits (VA ₁ , VA ₂ ) and both the reference line signal generating circuits or the halftone dot signal generating circuits (32 ₁ , 32 ₂ ). ) And a two-barrel type electronic surveying instrument. 3. A recording device (9), and a recording signal line (72) for electrically coupling the electric circuit configuration section (3) and the recording device (9) to each other. 2. A two-barrel type electronic surveying instrument described in 2.