JPH0654039B2 - Building block, block wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a building block, a block wall body, and a construction method thereof.

[Prior art]

The block walls are built by interposing mortar joints between the blocks.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Although masonry work for block walls has been performed by professional craftsmen, the shortage of manpower has recently become more and more serious, and the block walls have a substantially flat outer surface and mortar joints. It was finished to one and was rather monotonous. The object of the present invention is to provide a high-quality block wall body in which even an amateur can easily construct a stronger block wall body than the conventional one, and by making the outer joint of each block an empty joint, a three-dimensional effect is exhibited there. To get.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The configuration of the present invention adopted to achieve the above object will be described below with reference to Examples. The building block of the present invention comprises face shells 1, 1 on both sides.
Is composed of an inner bearing portion 3 and an outer decorative portion 4. Its inner strength portion 3, which has a concave groove on the upper surface 3 ₁ to form a rectangular transverse notches 5 the inner edge of the lower end surface 3 _2, and left and right ends 3 _3, 3 rectangular vertically _fourth inner edge Notches 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ are formed. Outer decorative part 4, together with is positioned lower than the top end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3 a top end face 4 ₁ as a downward inclined surface, a bottom surface 4 ₂ on the lower end surface 3 ₂ flush the inner strength portion 3 ing. The left and right ends 3 ₃ and 3 ₄ of the inner bearing portion 3 project outward from the left and right ends 4 ₃ and 4 ₄ of the outer decorative portion 4. Further, it is also preferable that the horizontal reinforcing bars 7, 7 are provided on the upper surfaces of the connecting portions 2, 2 that connect the face shells 1, 1 on both sides so as to prevent the horizontal reinforcing bars from being displaced. The method for constructing a block wall body of the present invention is such that the building block a having the above structure is passed through the required vertical reinforcing bars e and horizontal reinforcing bars f on the required foundation, and on the inner bearing portion 3 of the lower block a. by coating only inorganic adhesive 8 to the outer half portion including a concave groove c of the end surface 3 _1, the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 of the upper block a made to match, breach locations or potato joints such desired Block a
Mortar or concrete g is poured and filled between the face shells 1 and 1. The present invention block wall, the adhesive joint by the inorganic adhesive 8 is only applied to the outer half portion including a top end surface 3 ₁ of the groove c of the inner strength portion 3 of the lower block a, the inner strength of the upper block a the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the square next to notches 5 parts 3 are filled with mortar or concrete to inward lateral rest recess h formed between the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner half portion of the block a in the lower stage,
Upper surface of the lower end surface 4 ₂ and the lower block a block a lower end portion of the outer decorative portion 4 becomes lower end surface flush with the state of the inner strength portion 3 of the lower block a top of the upper block a 4 _While maintaining a required lateral gap i with 1,
Right and left ends 4 ₃ of the outer decorative portion 4 of the blocks a adjacent to the left and right
And a required vertical gap k is formed and held between No. ₄ and No. 44.

[Action]

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is a strong masonry structure which can support a load firmly with an inner side load-bearing part, and it is around each block by the horizontal gap between upper and lower blocks and the vertical gap between left and right blocks. By forming the vacant joint, it is possible to obtain a block wall body that is rich in three-dimensional effect and solid feeling.

【Example】

First, the building block a of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The building block a is made of ceramic porcelain, and the face shells 1, 1 are connected to each other by connecting portions 2, 2, and a vertical cavity b is formed between these connecting portions 2, 2 and each connecting portion 2, 2 is connected. A vertical cavity b'is formed on the outer side of the. The face shells 1, 1 are composed of an inner bearing portion 3 and an outer decorative portion 4. Then, the inner strength unit 3 Ho設in the parallel grooves c ...... its upper surface 3 ₁ to 3 Article and a square lateral notches 5 the inner edge and the lower end surface 3 ₂ stepped and forming, and Ho設also parallel the grooves d of the two rows on the lower end face 4 ₂ of the outer bottom surface 3 ₂ and the outer decorative portion 4 of the rectangular transverse notch 5. In addition, the inner bearing portion 3 has its left and right ends 3 ₃ and 3 ₄ projecting outward from the left and right ends 4 ₃ and 4 ₄ of the outer decorative portion 4, and each of the inner edges thereof has a rectangular lateral cutout 6 ₁ . to form a 6 _2. Outer decorative part 4, together with is positioned lower than the top end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3 and the upper end face 4 ₁ as a downward inclined surface, bottom end surface 3 ₂ flush of the lower end face 4 ₂ inner strength portion 3 I have to. Reference numerals 7 and 7 denote horizontal streak stoppers projecting from the upper surfaces of the connecting portions 2 and 2 with a required space. To construct the block wall A by the building block a having the above structure, the building block a is placed on the required foundation, and the vertical reinforcing bars e are passed through the required vertical cavities b and b ′, for example, the fourth block. Construction is carried out by adopting the desired stacking method such as the broken joints or potato joints in the figure, in which case the block a in the lower stage
The lower end surface of the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the groove c of the inner strength portion 3 only inorganic adhesive 8 to the outer half portion including Article 2 of the outer filling and coating, it of the upper block a of the inner strength portion 3 Three
₂ are matched and the blocks a in the upper stage are sequentially stacked. In the above, the blocks a at a desired stage, for example, every other stage, are used.
The horizontal reinforcing bars f, f are connected to the connecting portions 2, 2 of the horizontal reinforcing bars 7, 7,
On the outside of the board. After that, mortar or concrete g is placed between the face shells 1 and 1 of the laminated block a,
Vertical cavity b, b ', as well as the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner half portion lower end surface 3 ₂ of the square next to the cutout 5 of the inner strength portion 3 of the inner strength portion 3 of the block a of the lower block a in the upper And the inward vertical recesses h formed between the vertical vertical cutouts 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ of the left and right ends 3 ₃ and 3 ₄ of adjacent blocks a that are adjacent to each other. The recess i is also filled with mortar or concrete. As a result, the desired block wall A can be constructed, but since this block wall A is an adhesive joint for filling and applying the inorganic adhesive 8 between the upper and lower blocks a, it is more difficult than the conventional mortar joint. good workability Te, also by ensuring even dimensional accuracy of the upper surface 3 _1, etc. of the inner strength portion 3 in part specifically for filling applying the site i.e. inorganic adhesive 8 blocks a, filling the coated surface thereof Area can be reduced as much as possible, but the fact that the filling application surface can be reduced contributes to improving the finish accuracy of the application surface of the block a. The adhesive joint is subjected to the outside half portion of the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3 of the lower block a, the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the square next to the cutout 5 of the inner strength portion 3 of the upper block a each inward horizontal rest recess h between the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner half portion of the lower block a
And form mortar or concrete as described above. Therefore, the structural calculation of the joint can be performed assuming that the load acts on the entire width of the lower end surface of the inner bearing portion 3. The outer decorative portion 4, since is located below the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3 as described above to the upper end face 4 ₁ as a downward inclined surface, the outer decorative portion of the upper block a 4 lower end without hanging outside the outer decorative portion 4 of the lower block a, the lower end surface of the upper block a 4 ₂ of
It is so as to retain the required lateral clearance j (10 mm) between the upper end surface 4 ₁ of the lower block a. Further, the outer decorative portion 4 is provided between the blocks a adjacent to each other on the left and right.
Between the left and right ends 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ of the required vertical gap k (10
mm) is held.

【The invention's effect】

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a strong masonry structure capable of firmly supporting a load by the inner load bearing portion, and a lateral gap between the upper and lower blocks and a space between the left and right blocks are provided. By forming an open joint around each block by the vertical gap, it is possible to obtain a block wall body rich in stereoscopic effect and solid feeling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the building block of the present invention,
2 is a plan view of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a side view of the same as above, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a construction state of the block wall body of the present invention, and FIG. a: Building block, 1 ... Face shell, 2 ...
Connection part, 3 …… Inner load bearing part, 3 ₁ …… Upper surface, 3 ₂ ……
Lower end face 3 ₃ , 3 ₄ ... left and right ends 4 ... outer decorative part, 4
₁ ...... upper end face, 4 ₂ ...... lower end face, 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ ...... left and right end, 5 ...... square horizontal notch, 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ ...... square vertical notch, 7
...... Horizontal stirrup stopper, 8 ...... Inorganic adhesive, b, b '...
Vertical cavity, c, d ... Recessed groove, e ... Vertical rebar, f ... Horizontal rebar, g ... Mortar or concrete, h ... Square horizontal notch, i ... Square vertical notch, j ... Horizontal direction Gap, k ……
Vertical gap.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Each of the face shells on both sides is composed of an inner bearing portion and an outer decorative portion, and the inner bearing portion has a groove on the upper end surface and a square lateral cutout on the inner side of the lower end surface. It has concave grooves on the outside, the left and right ends project outward from the left and right ends of the outer decorative part, and square vertical notches are formed inside the left and right ends.The outer decorative part has its upper end face facing downward. Is located below the upper end surface of the inner load bearing portion as an inclined surface, and the lower end surface is flush with the lower end surface of the inner load bearing portion, and a groove is formed in the lower end surface. . 2. The building block according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting portion for connecting the face shells on both sides, and a horizontal streak stopper protruding from the upper surface of the connecting portion. 3. The building block according to claim 1 or 2, through which required vertical rebars and horizontal rebars are passed on a required foundation, and which includes a groove on the upper end surface of the inner bearing portion of the lower block. Inorganic adhesive is filled and applied only on the outer half, and the lower end surface of the inner bearing portion of the upper block is matched with it, and it is assembled by the desired stacking method such as tear joints or potato joints, and the faces on both sides of the block A method of constructing a block wall characterized by pouring and filling mortar or concrete between shells. 4. An adhesive joint made of an inorganic adhesive is applied to an outer half portion including a concave groove on an upper end surface of an inner load bearing portion of a lower block, and a rectangular lateral notch on a lower end surface of an inner load bearing portion of an upper block. Mortar or concrete is filled in the inward lateral recess formed between the inner half of the upper end surface of each lower block, and the lower end surface of the outer decorative part of the upper block is above the inner bearing part of the lower block. At the same height as the end face, a required lateral gap is maintained between the lower end surface of the outer decorative part of the upper block and the upper end surface of the outer decorative part of the lower block, and the outside of the blocks adjacent to the left and right A block wall body characterized by holding a required vertical gap between the left and right end surfaces of the decorative portion.