JPH0657127B2 - Health food mainly composed of cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake or its extract - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a dry product of cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake or a health food using an aqueous solvent extract thereof.

<Prior Art> The agaricus mushroom used in the present invention is the one that the present inventor succeeded in artificial culture for the first time, and a part of the culture method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-47519 (“Protein polysaccharide having an antitumor activity. Manufacturing method ") (Patent No. 1442648). Kawariharatake (commonly known as hiromatsutake) belongs to the genus Agaricaceae, and the scientific name is "Agaricus blazei Mu.
rrill ”. The basidiomycete was collected in the suburbs of Piedate City, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, and has already been deposited at the Institute of Microbial Science and Technology, Industrial Technology Institute as Micromachine Research Institute No. 4731.

The antitumor effect of Kawariharatake-derived high molecular weight polysaccharides has been reported as many as follows since it was announced at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Pharmacological Society in March 1980.

Hitoshi Ito: The 39th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cancer Association, 350 pages, 198
0 years, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Japan J. Pharmacol.,: 31 (Suppl: 170
Page, 1981, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Infectious diseases: Volume 14, No. 1, 18 pages, 1984, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Japan J. Pharmacol., 33 (suppl) 149, 1
983, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Japan J. Pharmacol., 33: 403, 403, 19
1983, Hitoshi Ito et al .: The 43rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cancer Society, pp. 279, 1
984, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Medicine and Biology, Volume 109, No. 5, 299, 198
4th, Hitoshi Ito et al .: Proceedings of the 10th Glycosymposium Symposium ,:
B3, 1987,) In these reports, it has been clarified that fruiting bodies, mycelia, and culture filtrate fractions of Mycelium agaricus contain an antitumor polysaccharide component (protein polysaccharide). . The antitumor properties of the polysaccharide components are all based on the results of intraperitoneal administration in animals.

In a series of studies, it was found that the polysaccharide component obtained from Kawariharatake has a function of activating the immune activity of the human body and has a medicinal effect on ascites tumors which are ineffective against other mushrooms such as solid tumors.

Regarding the production of antitumor protein polysaccharides from fruiting bodies, mycelium, and culture filtrate of Kawariharatake, a patent application has already been filed and published (JP-A-55-74797, JP-A-55-10).
See 8292 and JP-A-55-108293. ).

Mushrooms have been used for food since ancient times, but recent studies have revealed the pharmacological activity of the components contained in mushrooms, and some have been used as pharmaceuticals. In addition, since many of the mushrooms are known to have medicinal effects in Chinese herbs, various attempts have been made to utilize the fruiting bodies of mushrooms and their extracts as food materials that can be easily ingested into the body in anticipation of their superior medicinal effects. Has been done.

For example, Ganoderma lucidum has been reported to use fruiting bodies or extracts thereof as raw materials for health foods (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-36946).

It is also known to produce a food using a dried product of a mycelium obtained by culturing a mushroom inoculum (JP-A-54-54).
11250, JP-A-51-125788, JP-B-58-15108).

Glucan, fruiting bodies containing glucan proteins or extracts thereof are used as food materials in the production of mushroom-based foods that are expected to have antitumor properties. The fruiting body of Kawariharatake also contains glucan and glucan protein, and an attempt has been made to produce a health food using the fruiting body or an extract thereof (JP-A-60-69026).

What is called health food promotes health through tradition, etc.
It is expected to have disease prevention and effects, and is widely used in ordinary dietary habits, but there are few examples where the effects on the human body have been clearly confirmed. Although studies on pharmacologically active components of mushrooms are in progress, no reports have been found so far that the antitumor effect of oral administration of polysaccharide components was clearly confirmed.

Further, there is no research report scientifically demonstrating that the mannan protein polysaccharide obtained from cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake is effective by oral administration. This mannan protein polysaccharide has a structure in which a protein molecule is bound to a polymeric polysaccharide obtained by polymerizing mannose, and is a special protein polysaccharide contained in the mycelium of Kawariharatake and the mycelium culture filtrate. There is no report that this polysaccharide was separated from the fruiting body of Kawariharatake, and there has been no report so far that the same was obtained from other mushrooms. It has been clarified from previous studies that mannan protein polysaccharide in cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake is different in composition from glucan and glucan protein, which have been known so far, but it has been revealed from the previous studies. The research on the antitumor properties of is still in the basic stage.

As described above, the agaric mycelium contains the mannan protein polysaccharide, but there is no report that this mycelium or its extract was used as a raw material for food.

<Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> In order for a component having a physiologically active function to be utilized as a food, it is well absorbed from the digestive tract by oral administration and adversely affects the human body even if ingested in large amounts for a long period of time. It is indispensable not to reach.

If polysaccharides having antitumor properties that meet these conditions are found, they can be easily taken at home and the range of use is expanded, which is expected to be useful for the health promotion of many people.

However, since it has been generally estimated that high molecular weight polysaccharides are not absorbed from the digestive tract, almost no studies have been conducted to confirm the antitumor properties of high molecular weight polysaccharides obtained from mushrooms by oral administration.

An object of the present invention is to provide a health food containing a mannan protein polysaccharide contained in cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake and having an antitumor effect when orally ingested.

<Means for Solving the Problems> As a result of earnest studies on the antitumor effect of the mannan protein polysaccharide component, the present inventor has surprisingly found that the mannan protein polysaccharide is sarcoma 18 even in oral administration in animal experiments.
It was found to have antitumor activity against type 0 tumor and Ehrlich ascites tumor.

In addition, this mannan protein polysaccharide has acute toxicity (50% lethal dose 3000 mg / k) even at the maximum oral dose that can be administered.
g or more) is not expressed at all, it is excellent in terms of side effects and safety, and that the cultured mycelium containing such a polysaccharide is suitable as a food material. Based on these findings, The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides a dried product of cultured mycelium containing mannan protein polysaccharide, or a health food containing the aqueous solvent extract thereof, and a health food containing a concentrated solution of the aqueous solvent extract.

The cultured mycelium used in the present invention is isolated from the culture of Kawariharatake. The aqueous solvent extract of the cultured mycelium is obtained by once drying the cultured mycelium and then extracting it with an aqueous solvent.

Cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake is dried and generally used with a water content of 8% or less. This product state is a condition that is not only lightweight but also good for bacterial growth and prevention of spoilage, and is considered to be the most suitable product form for storage and distribution.

The dried product is cut into small pieces or powdered before use. These can be used as a food material in the production of pastes, sprinkles and the like.

It is also possible to cut and powder the dried product and pack it in a paper bag as it is, commercialize it like a tea bag of black tea, and easily extract the ingredients with the hands of the consumer and use it for beverages. is there.

Moreover, since the mycelium after culturing Kawariharatake is delicious and nutritious, it can be made into a food by adding a little seasoning, such as shiitake mushroom.

It is also possible to produce a health food by using the extract itself obtained by once extracting the cultured mycelium component of Kawariharatake with an aqueous solvent or a concentrated solution thereof as a food material. It is a rational use method that does not impair the original quality of the raw material, and that the aqueous solvent extract is used as it is or after being concentrated for use in food.

The aqueous solvent may be water, alcohol or a mixture thereof.

In general, animal tests have shown that the protein polysaccharide contained in the mushroom itself has a lower antitumor effect as it is further purified. However, the protein polysaccharide component of mushrooms can be effectively used.

Incidentally, a method for collecting mannan protein polysaccharide, which is the main component of the antitumor active ingredient, from an aqueous solvent extract of agaricus agaricus culture mycelium, etc. is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 61-47518 (Patent No. 1442647). .

The liquid obtained by extracting the dried mycelium of Kawariharatake mycelium with an aqueous solvent can be used as a beverage as it is, but other food materials can be added to this to make a beverage. By using the extract, for example, alcoholic beverages, tea, agaricus beverages, etc. can be produced. The aqueous extract of cultured mycelium component (mannan protein polysaccharide) of Kawariharatake can be used not only as a beverage as it is, but also as a health food in the form of a processed food by adding it to a food processing raw material. For example, a variety of things can be considered, such as adding and mixing with broth to produce soup, mixing with starch syrup to produce candy, etc., all of which yield foods with high value as health foods with antitumor activity. To be

In the use as various foods as described above, the amount of the protein or polysaccharide obtained from the cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake is 7 to 10 g as a dry product per dose, which is suitable for exerting an antitumor effect. It is the amount, and it is considered that this equivalent amount is suitable for the amount of the extract. Even if it is taken more than this, there is no damage caused by it.

Example-1 Kawariharatake Tsukudani As a seasoning liquid, 1.8 liters of water, 24 g of agar, 6.3 liters of soy sauce, 17 kg of starch syrup, and 2.25 kg of sugar are boiled and melted. Dry the dried mycelium of Kawariharatake, the raw material, with water containing a small amount of sugar, add the seasoning solution to it, and boil until the broth is gone without burning.

Example-2 Sprinkling Kawariharatake 8 g of soy sauce, 100 g of sodium glutamate and 1 kg of sugar are boiled to prepare a seasoning liquid. Kawariharatake cultured mycelium dried product powder or, if necessary, fish meat powder such as horse mackerel is added to a kettle, and the seasoning solution is added in an appropriate amount to ripen and season for about 40 minutes. This is passed through a sieving machine to align the particles, and then dried, followed by drying at 80 ° C. for 2 hours. If necessary, add kelp, green seaweed, sesame seeds, etc., and package in a moisture-proof manner.

Example-3 Kawariharatake tea Kawariharatake cultured mycelium dried product powder is enclosed in a small bag made of non-woven fabric and moisture-proof packed. The appropriate amount of the dried agaricus mycelium dried product powder amount in the bag is 7 to 10 g per day. When drinking, put this bag in a pan with about 400 ml of water, and heat extraction while adding water occasionally to prevent spilling.
After 15 minutes, cool and bring the total volume of the extract to about 300 ml. This is divided into 2 to 3 days for drinking. When drinking, add a small amount of salt to make it even more delicious.

Example-4 Kawariharatake Drink About 40 kg of water was added to 1 kg of dried dried mycelium of Kawariharatake, and after adequately absorbing water, the mixture was heated for 2 to 3 hours with occasional water replenishment, and then appropriately filtered. If powder is used, the heating time can be shortened and the same operation can be performed. Adjust the total extract to approximately 30 kg. This is a hot water extract.

Next, for 1 kg of this hot water extract, for example, 140 g of sugar,
Add 15 g of honey, 5 g of caramel, 0.75 g of ascorbic acid, 0.3 g of citric acid and an appropriate amount of fragrance, sterilize at 93 ° C for 20 minutes, and aseptically fill a can or bottle. It should be noted that it does not prevent the addition of other health extracts, such as Reishi, Amacha vine, etc., to the above formulation.

Example-5 Kawariharatake liquor 1-5 kg of dried dried mycelium of Kawariharatake is appropriately added to 5 kg of ice sugar, and 18 liters of shochu or white liquor is gently injected to seal and store.

After 3 to 4 weeks, filter and bottle. 30 to 50 times
Take ml.

Example-6 Kawariharatake candy 25 kg of dried Kawariharatake mycelium powder of dried mycelium shown in Example 4 was added to 50 kg of sugar, and the mixture was completely boiled and further starch syrup 7.
Add 5 kg and boil. When it drips into cold water until it hardens, remove from heat and add dyes, flavors, acidulants, etc. as needed. This is cooled and shaped by placing it on an oiled cooling board or tablet rail.

Instead of using the hot water extract of cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake, its concentrate or powder may be suspended in water and added.

<Effects of the Invention> The mannan protein polysaccharide contained in the mycelium of Kawariharatake has a great advantage that an antitumor effect is observed even when it is orally administered. It was also revealed that this mannan protein polysaccharide does not adversely affect the human body even if it is used regularly.

Therefore, the food containing the cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake and the aqueous extract thereof containing a large amount of mannan protein polysaccharide is an excellent health food having an antitumor action and effect.

The results of this antitumor effect in animal experiments are as follows: 12 ICR / SLC strains (five-week-old female mice: Japan SLC, Inc. (Shizuoka)) were used, and 2 × 10 ⁶ mice were subcutaneously injected. /0.2 ml, sarcoma 180 tumor cells were transplanted, and 24 hours after the tumor transplantation, each sample was administered twice a day for 10 consecutive days in the morning (9 am) and evening (5 pm).

The tumor volume was measured 3 weeks after the tumor transplantation, and the growth inhibition rate was calculated.

The complete disappearance rate and mortality rate of the tumor were measured after 8 weeks.

The measurement results were as shown in the following table.

It was also clarified that these do not have any adverse effects on the human body even if they are used regularly.

Therefore, a food having an antitumor effect can be obtained by adding the above-mentioned cultured mycelium or its aqueous solvent extract to a food material.

Since the mannan protein polysaccharide does not need to be purified when used as a food, there is no need for equipment therefor, and there is an advantage that a health food containing the mannan protein polysaccharide can be easily produced.

Further, since the mannan protein polysaccharide is used as a food, it has an effect that it can be easily used at home without being treated as a medicine.

Further, in the present invention, since the cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake is used as a dried product, it is not only easy to handle but also advantageous in storage.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C12G 3/04 // A61K 35/84 Z 7167-4C (56) Reference JP-A-60-69026 (JP, A) JP 51-125788 (JP, A) JP 54-11250 (JP, A) JP 58-15108 (JP, B2) Fujisawa Yakuhin Kogyo "Infectious Disease" 14 [1] ( 1984. January) P. 18-19

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A health food containing a dried mycelium of Kawariharatake mushrooms cut into small pieces or pulverized. 2. A health food containing an extract obtained by extracting a dried product of cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake with an aqueous solvent. 3. A health food containing a concentrated solution obtained by extracting a dried product of cultured mycelium of Kawariharatake with an aqueous solvent and concentrating it.