JPH0657146B2 - Compartment rotating drum bioreactor - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bioreactor for producing a useful substance by using an immobilized biocatalyst in which a microorganism or an enzyme is supported on a suitable carrier.

"Conventional technology" In conventional bioreactors, a carrier binding method, a cross-linking method, an encapsulation method, or a composite method combining these is used as an immobilization method for microorganisms and enzymes. Granular, lumpy, film-like,
Depending on the fixed form such as sheet, packed bed type, fluidized bed type,
It is used properly for membrane type, tube type, plate type reactors. Also, several types of rotary plates have been developed, which have high stirring efficiency, low pressure loss, and easy attachment / detachment of the disk to maintain the reaction activity of the biocatalyst, thus increasing the product yield. In terms of, it has excellent characteristics as a bioreactor. However, in this rotating disk type bioreactor, there are restrictions on the microorganisms that can be used to implant cells on the disk, and since the fermentation is carried out in one chamber, the activity of the immobilized biocatalyst is uniformly reduced, A large number of rotating discs are required to maintain activity and keep the product concentration constant, resulting in an unexpectedly large installation area, and the spacing between the rotating discs arranged side by side on the same axis is restricted. There is a defect that the growth of the abstinence layer grown in the disc space thickens, causing a phenomenon similar to channeling in the column type and lowering the product conversion rate.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to improve the effective contact rate of the substrate and the biocatalyst and to prevent the channeling phenomenon, and to improve the immobilized biocatalyst by expanding the application range of the microorganism to be used. The purpose is to gradually reduce the load, maintain the activity of the catalyst evenly, and stabilize the quality of the product.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention divides a horizontal cylindrical closed type tank having a gas inlet and a substrate inlet at the top into several reaction chambers by partition walls. Each chamber has a perforated rotary drum having a hole in which a rotating shaft is connected on a bearing, which can be freely attached and detached, and which can be filled and held with an immobilized biocatalyst held on a carrier and through which a reaction solution can easily enter and leave, and the partition wall. It has a vent hole in the upper part, a reaction liquid overflow port in the middle, and a product overflow port in the middle of the tank. To be done.

"Operation" Therefore, the main body 1'of the horizontal cylindrical closed type tank (reactor tank) 1 '
The lid 2 is removed from the perforated rotary drum 15, 15, 15 supported by the rotary shaft 11 in each reaction chamber 8, 8, 8.
After filling the inside with the immobilized biocatalyst, the main body 1'is sealed with the lid 2, the constant temperature water is circulated in the jacket 16 provided on the outer periphery of the main body 1 ', and the working gas is supplied from the gas introduction port 5 into the reactor tank 1. The cooling water is introduced and the cooling water is passed through the condenser. In this state, the rotary drums 15, 15, 15 are rotated,
A substrate is injected from the substrate inlet 4 and the liquid control circuit of the reactor tank 1 is operated to operate. Accordingly, the substrate overflows the reaction solution overflow ports 14 and 14 'and passes through the reaction chamber 8, and at the same time, the rotary drums 15, 15 and 15 rotate above and below the reaction solution overflow surface. Then, the concentration of the target product component gradually increases due to the immobilized biocatalyst held in the drums 15, 15 and 15, and the product overflow port 18 of the reactor tank 1
The target concentration of product overflows from 18 '. If necessary, the fermentation state is grasped by sampling from the lower sampling port 19, and if necessary, the gas diffusion port 2 at the bottom of the tank 1 described above.
Gas can be supplied from 0.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First
The figure shows a longitudinal sectional view of a compartment rotary drum type bioreactor, FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of a bioreactor main body, and FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of a rotary drum. 1 is the lid 2 on the upper half
And a horizontal cylindrical closed type tank having a lower half body 1 ', a lid 2 is a chemical solution inlet 3 for maintaining a constant pH of the tank liquid, a substrate inlet 4, an aerobic fermentation, a facultative anaerobic fermentation Such as air to be supplied according to the fermentation form such as oxygen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc., and the inside of the lid are divided into three reaction chambers 8, and vents 6, 6
Is provided with partition walls 7, 7, a sensor insertion port 9 for controlling the reaction, a degassing port 10 for connecting a vaporized component condenser, and a lid 2
Further, a bearing 12 having a seal for the rotary shaft 11 is provided at the center of both end walls of the main body 1'and the center of the partition wall, and a butterfly screw 13 for fastening the lid 2 to the main body 1'is provided.
Reaction solution overflow ports 14 and 14 'are provided in the middle. The rotary shaft 11 is provided with a net-made perforated rotary drum 15 inside the reaction chamber 8, and the drum 15 is provided with a door 15 'for filling the immobilized biocatalyst. Further, on the outer periphery of the main body 1 ', a jacket 16 for keeping the tank temperature constant, constant temperature circulating water inlet / outlet 17, 17' for the jacket, product overflow port 18, 1
8 ', sample collection port 19, gas supply port 2 from the bottom of the tank
0, a lid 2 and a seal embedding bolt 21 for the main body 1 ′, and a sliding contact strip 22 for sealing in the same portion, and each chamber 8, 8 inside the tank,
8, individual rotating drums 15 each holding a fixed biocatalyst are attached and detached in parallel in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 while being suspended on a seal bearing, and one end of the rotating shaft 11 is a closed bearing 12 ′, 1
2'is supported, and the other end is connected to a rotary drum driving device 23 installed outside the tank 1 via a gear head 24.
The immobilized biocatalyst is a natural polymer gel, synthetic polymer gel, natural fiber, synthetic fiber, porous polymer, microbe or enzyme entrapped in a carrier such as porous ceramics, crosslinked or adsorbed, and used gas is It is possible to convert air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas, etc., and by exchanging or converting the immobilized biocatalyst, aerobic fermentation or facultative anaerobic fermentation can be performed in the tank 1. It is a thing. The rotating shaft 11 may be one common rotating shaft 11 integrally connected on the bearing or three rotating shafts 11 on the separable common center line fixed in the rotating direction on the bearing.

[Advantages of the Invention] The present invention has a wide application range of microorganisms or enzymes to be used due to the adoption of a perforated rotary drum. The reactor is divided into several chambers and the substrate solution is sequentially overflowed to the next chamber to be immobilized. The load on the catalyst can be gradually reduced, and as a result, the activity can be maintained on average, and the specific surface area of the catalyst can be increased by filling the immobilized biocatalyst in the rotating drum. It has advantages such as high conversion rate of substrate to product, detachable replacement of the porous rotary drum before and after the compartment, or replacement of immobilized biocatalyst in the rotary drum to stabilize product quality.

Further, the immobilized biocatalyst consisting of microorganisms or enzymes by various carriers can be sufficiently utilized, and further, it can be applied to both aerobic and facultative anaerobic fermentation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a compartment rotary drum type bioreactor of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rotary drum. 1 ... Horizontal cylindrical sealed tank, 4 ... Substrate inlet, 5 ... Gas inlet, 6 ... Vent, 7 ... Partition, 8 ... Reaction chamber,
11 ... Rotary shaft, 14, 14 '... Reaction liquid overflow port, 15
...... Perforated rotary drum, 18, 18 '... Product overflow port.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal cylindrical closed type tank having a gas inlet and a substrate inlet at the top is divided into several reaction chambers by partition walls, and a rotary shaft is connected to each chamber on a bearing. Moreover, the immobilized biocatalyst held on the carrier can be filled and held,
It has a perforated rotary drum with holes through which the reaction solution can easily enter and exit, the partition wall has a vent hole in the upper part, a reaction solution overflow port in the middle, and a product overflow in the middle of the tank. A compartment-rotating drum type bioreactor having a mouth. 2. An immobilized biocatalyst comprising a microorganism or an enzyme which is entrapped, crosslinked or adsorbed on a carrier such as a natural polymer gel, a synthetic polymer gel, a natural fiber, a synthetic fiber, a porous polymer or a porous ceramics. The compartmental rotary drum type bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the bioreactor is filled in a perforated rotary drum. 3. An aerobic fermentation and a facultative anaerobic fermentation can be carried out by exchanging supply gas in the tank such as air, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen and exchanging immobilized biocatalyst.
The compartment-rotating drum bioreactor described in (1).