JPH0657254B2 - Blood filtering device - Google Patents
Blood filtering deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0657254B2 JPH0657254B2 JP60158785A JP15878585A JPH0657254B2 JP H0657254 B2 JPH0657254 B2 JP H0657254B2 JP 60158785 A JP60158785 A JP 60158785A JP 15878585 A JP15878585 A JP 15878585A JP H0657254 B2 JPH0657254 B2 JP H0657254B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filtration
- blood
- filtering device
- ceramic filter
- blood filtering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/16—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は血液用濾過装置の改良に関し、特に円筒状セラ
ミックフィルターを用いたクロスフロー濾過による血液
用の濾過装置に関する、 〔発明の技術的背景とその問題点〕 従来、血漿分離（血液からの血漿成分の分離）あるいは
血漿濾過（血漿中の特定タンパク質の分離）には、セル
ロースアセテート膜やポリプロピレン膜等の高分子膜が
用いられていた。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of a blood filtering device, and more particularly to a blood filtering device by cross-flow filtration using a cylindrical ceramic filter. Problem] Conventionally, a polymer membrane such as a cellulose acetate membrane or a polypropylene membrane has been used for plasma separation (separation of plasma components from blood) or plasma filtration (separation of specific proteins in plasma).
こうした高分子膜は目づまりを起こして水の透過性、溶
質分離能の低下を引き起こすが、一度劣化した膜性能を
膜の再生により回復させることは困難であるため廃棄せ
ざるを得ず、長期間にわたる経済性に問題があった。Although such polymer membranes cause clogging and decrease water permeability and solute separation ability, it is difficult to recover the once deteriorated membrane performance by regenerating the membrane, so it has to be discarded and it is necessary for a long time. There was a problem in economic efficiency.
本発明は上記事情を考慮してなされたものであり、再生
が可能で長期間にわたって安定して経済的に濾過が行え
る血液用濾過装置を提供しようとするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blood filtering device that can be regenerated and that can stably and economically filter for a long period of time.
本発明の血液用濾過装置は、血液成分を含む液体を収容
した容器と、円筒状の支持層と該支持層の内面に設けら
れ該支持層の孔径よりも小さな孔径を有する層とからな
る多層構造のセラミックフィルターとを具備した循環系
を構成し、血液成分を含む液体をクロスフロー濾過する
ことを特徴とするものである。The blood filtering device of the present invention is a multi-layer comprising a container containing a liquid containing a blood component, a cylindrical support layer, and a layer provided on the inner surface of the support layer and having a pore size smaller than the pore size of the support layer. It is characterized in that a circulation system including a ceramic filter having a structure is constituted and a liquid containing a blood component is cross-flow filtered.
このような血液用濾過装置によれば、セラミックフィル
ターが優れた耐熱性、耐蝕性、耐摩耗性を有しているの
で、その濾過性能が劣化した場合に再生することがで
き、長期間にわたって安定して経済的に血液成分の濾過
を行うことができる。According to such a blood filtering device, since the ceramic filter has excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and abrasion resistance, it can be regenerated when its filtering performance deteriorates and is stable for a long period of time. Thus, blood components can be economically filtered.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
実施例１ 高純度（９９．９％）の多孔質アルミナで構成された内
径７ｍｍ、外径１０ｍｍ、長さ５００ｍｍ、膜厚１．５
ｍｍ、孔径０．２μｍの円筒状のセラミックフィルター
（セラベールセラミックフィルター、東芝セラミックス
社製商品名）Ｃを用いた濾過装置を血漿分離に利用する
ことを前提として以下のような実験を行った。なお、こ
のセラミックフィルターＣは２０μｍの孔径を有する支
持層の内面に所定孔径（本実施例では０．２μｍ）の層
が形成された多層構造を有するものである。Example 1 Inner diameter 7 mm, outer diameter 10 mm, length 500 mm, film thickness 1.5 made of high-purity (99.9%) porous alumina
The following experiment was conducted on the premise that a filter device using a cylindrical ceramic filter (ceraver ceramic filter, trade name of Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd.) C having a diameter of 0.2 mm and a pore diameter of 0.2 μm was used for plasma separation. The ceramic filter C has a multilayer structure in which a layer having a predetermined pore diameter (0.2 μm in this embodiment) is formed on the inner surface of a support layer having a pore diameter of 20 μm.
（１）ダイヤライザー安全基準に準じた溶出試験 厚生省「透析型人工腎臓装置承認基準」中の「Ｖ．透析
器の品質及び試験法」に準じて以下のようにして溶出試
験を行った。まず、硝酸処理の２１（リットル）ビーカ
ーで蒸留水２１を煮沸した後、冷却した。次に、硝酸処
理済ポリ容器に重量測定したセラミックブロックを入
れ、前記冷却した蒸留水１００ｍｌを入れる。つづい
て、７０℃で１時間加熱した後、放冷した。この蒸溜水
中のＡｌ，Ｓｉ，ＦｅをＩＣＰ分光分析装置（ＩＣＡＰ
−５７５ｍａｒｋＩＩ、日本ＪＡＲＲＥＬＬ−ＡＳＨ社
製）で測定した。この試験結果を表１に示す。表１から
明らかなように、安全基準と比較するとセラミックフィ
ルタＣからの元素の溶出は少なく、セラミックフィルタ
ーＣを血漿分離に用いても問題は生じないと考えられ
る。(1) Dissolution test according to dialyzer safety standard The dissolution test was carried out as follows in accordance with "V. Quality and test method of dialyzer" in "Dialysed artificial kidney device approval standard" by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. First, distilled water 21 was boiled in a nitric acid-treated 21 (liter) beaker and then cooled. Next, the weighed ceramic block is put in a nitric acid-treated poly container, and 100 ml of the cooled distilled water is put therein. Subsequently, it was heated at 70 ° C. for 1 hour and then left to cool. The Al, Si and Fe in this distilled water are analyzed by an ICP spectroscopic analyzer (ICAP).
-575 markII, manufactured by Japan JARRELL-ASH). The test results are shown in Table 1. As is clear from Table 1, the elution of elements from the ceramic filter C is small in comparison with the safety standard, and it is considered that there is no problem even if the ceramic filter C is used for plasma separation.
（２）純水の透過実験および牛全血の濾過実験 第１図に示したような濾過装置を作製した。第１図にお
いて、支持台２１上には恒温槽２２が載置され、その内
部には容器２３が収容されている。一方、濾過セル２４
内には前記円筒状のセラミックフィルター２５が装着さ
れている。また、容器２３と濾過セル２４との間にはポ
ンプ２６が配設され、容器２３内の純水水又は牛全血を
濾過セル２４内のセラミックフィルター２５中に供給し
てクロスフロー濾過するようになっている。セラミック
フィルター２５を透過した純水又は濾過された血漿成分
はメスシリンダ２７により容量が測定される。一方、セ
ラミックフィルター２５により濾過されなかった残留液
は容器２３に戻される。(2) Pure water permeation experiment and bovine whole blood filtration experiment A filtration device as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared. In FIG. 1, a constant temperature bath 22 is placed on a support 21, and a container 23 is housed inside the bath. On the other hand, the filtration cell 24
The cylindrical ceramic filter 25 is mounted inside. Further, a pump 26 is arranged between the container 23 and the filtration cell 24 so that pure water or bovine whole blood in the container 23 is supplied into the ceramic filter 25 in the filtration cell 24 for cross-flow filtration. It has become. The volume of the pure water or the filtered plasma component that has passed through the ceramic filter 25 is measured by the graduated cylinder 27. On the other hand, the residual liquid not filtered by the ceramic filter 25 is returned to the container 23.
なお、純水の透過は理論的に下記式で表される。The pure water permeation is theoretically expressed by the following formula.
ＪＶ＝ＬＰ・ΔＰ ここで、ＪＶ：透過流束、ΔＰ：膜間圧力差（以下、Ｔ
ＭＰと記す）、ＬＰ：純水の透過係数である。J V = L P · ΔP where J V : permeation flux, ΔP: transmembrane pressure difference (hereinafter, T
Referred to as MP), L P: is the transmission coefficient of pure water.
上記濾過装置による濾過実験に使用された牛全血は、赤
血球の体積％Ｈｃｔ＝３６％、総タンパク質濃度ＴＰ＝
７．３ｇ／ｄｌであった。また、牛全血の濾過は、入口
流量０．２１／ｍｉｎ、せん断速度（ｓｈｅａｒ ｒａ
ｔｅ）８．９×１０2／ｓｅｃ、濾液流量１．０ｍｌ／
ｍｉｎの定速濾過条件で行われた。この濾過実験の結果
を第２図に示す。The bovine whole blood used in the filtration experiment using the above-mentioned filtration device had a red blood cell volume% Hct = 36% and a total protein concentration TP =
It was 7.3 g / dl. In addition, the filtration of bovine whole blood is performed at an inlet flow rate of 0.21 / min and a shear rate (shear ra).
te) 8.9 × 10 2 / sec, filtrate flow rate 1.0 ml /
It was performed under a constant rate filtration condition of min. The results of this filtration experiment are shown in FIG.
また、純水の透過係数ＬＰ、総タンパク質（ＴＰ）及び
アルブミン（Ａｌｂ．）についての溶質分離能（濾液濃
度／入口濃度、ｓｉｅｖｉｎｇｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎ
ｔ、以下ＳＣと記す）並びにＪＦ（ＴＭＰ≦２０ｍｍＨ
ｇで３時間安定な分離が行える最大の濾過流束）を測定
した結果を、従来の高分子膜を用いた濾過装置（比較
例）の値と比較して第２表に示す。Further, the permeability coefficient L P of pure water, the solute separation ability with respect to total protein (TP) and albumin (Alb.) (Filtrate concentration / inlet concentration, sieving coefficien).
t, hereinafter referred to as SC) and J F (TMP ≦ 20 mmH
The results of measurement of the maximum filtration flux capable of performing stable separation for 3 hours (g) are shown in Table 2 in comparison with the values of the conventional filtration device using a polymer membrane (comparative example).
第２図から実施例１の濾過装置では非常に安定して血液
の定速濾過を行えることがわかる。 It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the filtration device of Example 1 can very stably perform constant velocity filtration of blood.
また、第２表から明らかなように、実施例１の濾過装置
を用いて得られる溶質分離能は、ＳＣ（Ａｌｂ．）＝
０．７４、ＳＣ（ＴＰ）＝０．７２であり、従来使用さ
れている高分子膜を用いた濾過装置で得られる０．９５
程度の値と比較するとかなり小さく性能は劣る。しか
し、ＪＦが大きいことから分離性能が劣っているのを補
うことができる。また、上記濾過装置で用いられている
セラミックフィルターＣは例えば電気炉中、９００℃で
２時間程度焙焼することによって何回でも再使用するこ
とができるので、長期的な経済性という観点からは充分
にメリットがある。Further, as is clear from Table 2, the solute separation ability obtained by using the filtration apparatus of Example 1 is SC (Alb.) =
0.74 and SC (TP) = 0.72, which is 0.95 obtained with a filtration device using a polymer membrane that has been used conventionally.
Compared with the value of the degree, it is quite small and the performance is inferior. However, it is possible to compensate for the poor separation performance due to the large J F. Further, since the ceramic filter C used in the above filtering device can be reused any number of times by roasting at 900 ° C. for about 2 hours in an electric furnace, from the viewpoint of long-term economic efficiency. There are enough benefits.
更に、高分子膜を用いた濾過装置では、ＴＰＭを５０〜
１００ｍｍＨｇとすると溶血（赤血球の破壊）が生じる
場合があるが、上記実施例１の濾過装置ではＴＰＭを５
０〜１００ｍｍＨｇとしても全く溶血は生じず、操作条
件の選択の幅が広いというメリットもある。Furthermore, in the filtration device using the polymer membrane, the TPM is 50-
When the pressure is 100 mmHg, hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells) may occur.
Hemolysis does not occur even at 0 to 100 mmHg, and there is an advantage that the range of selection of operating conditions is wide.
以上詳述した如く本発明の血液用濾過装置によれば、セ
ラミックフィルターを再生することにより長期間にわた
って安定して血液成分の濾過を行うことができ、経済性
を向上できるものである。As described in detail above, according to the blood filtering device of the present invention, by regenerating the ceramic filter, the blood component can be stably filtered for a long period of time, and the economical efficiency can be improved.
第１図は本発明の実施例１における血液用濾過装置の構
成図、第２図は本発明の実施例１における血液用濾過装
置を用いて牛全血の定速濾過を行った場合の時間と膜間
圧力差との関係を示す特性図である。 ２１……支持台、２２……恒温槽、２３……容器、２４
……濾過セル、２５……セラミックフィルター、２６…
…ポンプ、２７……メスシリンダ。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a blood filtering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a time when constant rate filtration of bovine whole blood is performed using the blood filtering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between a transmembrane pressure difference. 21 ... Supporting base, 22 ... Constant temperature bath, 23 ... Container, 24
...... Filtration cell, 25 ...... Ceramic filter, 26 ...
… Pump, 27 …… Measuring cylinder.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 安田 俊二 東京都新宿区西新宿１丁目26番２号 東芝 セラミツクス株式会社内 (72)発明者 加藤 能久 愛知県刈谷市小垣江町南藤１番地 東芝セ ラミツクス株式会社刈谷製造所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shunji Yasuda 1-26-2, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. Kariya Factory Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
筒状の支持層と該支持層の内面に設けられ該支持層の孔
径よりも小さな孔径を有する層とからなる多層構造のセ
ラミックフィルターとを具備した循環系を構成し、血液
成分を含む液体をクロスフロー濾過することを特徴とす
る血液用濾過装置。1. A ceramic filter having a multilayer structure comprising a container containing a liquid containing a blood component, a cylindrical support layer, and a layer provided on the inner surface of the support layer and having a pore size smaller than the pore size of the support layer. And a cross-flow filter for a liquid containing a blood component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158785A JPH0657254B2 (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Blood filtering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158785A JPH0657254B2 (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Blood filtering device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6219175A JPS6219175A (en) | 1987-01-27 |
| JPH0657254B2 true JPH0657254B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
Family
ID=15679281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158785A Expired - Lifetime JPH0657254B2 (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Blood filtering device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0657254B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11529579B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2022-12-20 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Filtration device |
| US11786847B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2023-10-17 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Filtration device and filtration method |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2667412B2 (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1997-10-27 | 東芝セラミックス株式会社 | Oil-water separator |
| JPH01299607A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Inorganic porous membrane |
| JPH01305168A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-08 | Fuji Filter Kogyo Kk | Plunger pump for slurry |
| JP6967683B1 (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-11-17 | 岩井ファルマテック株式会社 | Membrane filtration system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5714357A (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-25 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Catching material for lymphocyte |
-
1985
- 1985-07-18 JP JP60158785A patent/JPH0657254B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11786847B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2023-10-17 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Filtration device and filtration method |
| US11529579B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2022-12-20 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Filtration device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6219175A (en) | 1987-01-27 |
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