JPH0657556B2 - Boat propulsion device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a propulsion device for a watercraft including a pair of propellers arranged to face each other.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in a propulsion device for a watercraft, there is one in which a pair of propellers are arranged so as to face each other in the axial direction and the propellers are rotated in opposite directions to improve propulsion efficiency (for example, See Japanese Patent Application No. 61-250026).
The propulsion device will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

In FIG. 2, the outboard motor 50 has an engine (not shown) built in an engine cover 51 on the upper side, and outputs the output from the engine to the input shaft 1 of the propulsion device 52.
The input shaft 1 is vertically arranged on the case body 31 of the propulsion device 52 and is rotatably supported.

In FIG. 3, a horizontal bevel gear 2 fixed to the input shaft 1 and rotating about a vertical axis is engaged with front and rear vertical bevel gears 3 and 4 which face each other in the front-rear direction and rotate in opposite directions. It is connected. A first slider 6 is engaged with the first output shaft 5 penetrating both the vertical bevel gears 3 and 4 in the rotational direction, and is fitted by a spline engagement slidably in the axial direction. ing. The first slider 6 engages with and disengages from the inner engaging portions 3a and 4a provided on the inner surface sides of the vertical bevel gears 3 and 4 which face each other, and rotates the first output shaft 5 forward and backward. It is a thing.

A hollow second output shaft 7 concentrically fitted to the outside of the first output shaft 5 is engaged with a second slider 8 in the rotational direction and slidably in the axial direction. They are fitted together. The second slider 8 is engaged with and disengaged from an outer engagement portion 4b provided on the outer surface side of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 opposite to the opposite side of the front vertical bevel gear 3, and the second slider 8 is then The output shaft 7 is rotated only in one direction.

The first propeller 9 connected to the first output shaft 5 is
Rotates forward and backward when moving forward and backward. On the other hand, the second propeller 10 disposed axially adjacent to the first propeller 9 is
Is connected to the output shaft 7 of the first propeller 9 only when moving forward.
And rotate in the opposite direction. Therefore, at the time of forward movement, it functions as a double propeller, so that good propulsion efficiency can be obtained.

As described above, this prior art simplifies the structure of the propulsion device 52 by making the second propeller 10 rotate only when moving forward.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, the thrust to the front F and the rear B of the front and rear vertical bevel gears 3 and 4 is supported by the first and second bearings 53 and 54. On the other hand, the first
The thrust of the output shaft 5 to the front F is supported by the first bearing 53 via the front bevel gear 3. Further, the thrust to the front of the second output shaft 7 is
It is transmitted to the first output shaft 5 via the third bearing 55 and the like, and is supported by the first bearing 53.

As described above, in the above-described conventional technique, the third bearing 55 that supports the thrust of the second output shaft 7 is separately required. Therefore, the number of parts and the number of processing steps are large, and the propulsion device 52 is large in the radial direction. Further, the thrust of the front vertical bevel gear 3, the first output shaft 5, and the second output shaft 7 is added to the first bearing 53, so
The thrust load of the bearing 53 becomes large.

Further, in the propulsion device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-259594, a bearing corresponding to the third bearing is supported on the outboard motor body, and the thrust of the second output shaft is thereby received. . Therefore, after all, the number of parts is large and the propulsion device becomes large in the radial direction.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, the load of the thrust load of the bearing is small, and the number of parts,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a propulsion device having a double propeller structure which can reduce the number of processing steps and can be downsized in the radial direction.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides that the first bearing is supported by the case body of the propulsion device so as to receive the forward thrust of the first output end through the front vertical bevel gear. There is. On the other hand, the outer race of the second bearing is supported by the case body of the propulsion device so as to be fitted on the outer periphery of the rear vertical bevel gear and receive thrust in the front and rear directions. The front end portion of the second output shaft is in contact with the rear end surface of the inner race of the second bearing.

[Action]

According to the present invention, the second bearing supporting the rear vertical bevel gear receives the thrust of the second output shaft.
Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a bearing for receiving the thrust of the second output shaft.

Also, the first bearing receives the forward thrust of the front vertical bevel gear and the first output shaft, and does not receive the forward thrust of the second output shaft.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1 showing a propulsion device for an outboard motor, needle bearings 11 are attached to front and rear vertical bevel gears 3 and 4.
The first output shaft 5 rotatably supported via A and 11B extends to the first propeller 9 at the rear B. The output shaft 5 has a sliding shaft 13 that is in contact with a vertically moving slope cam 12 and is inserted into the sliding hole 5d from its left end. On the further right side of the sliding shaft 13, a spring 14 is inserted in a compressed state. The first output shaft 5
Further to the right of the spring 14 in the oil hole 5
e (partially omitted) is deeply bored, and an oil passage 5f is bored radially in the right end portion of the oil hole 5e. The first output shaft 5 has two elongated holes 5a and 5b.
Are engraved, and first and second sliders 6 and 8 are provided so as to cover the long holes 5a and 5b.

The first slider 6 engages with the spline 5s of the first output shaft 5, that is, engages with the first output shaft 5 in the rotational direction, and is slidable in the axial direction. The first slider 6 is a return letter as a whole, and is provided at its left and right axial ends.
The engaged parts 6a and 6b are provided, and the engaged parts 6 are
a and 6b are inner engaging portions 3a of both vertical bevel gears 3 and 4,
It faces 4b. 15 is a pin for the first slider 6
The slider 6 is fitted to the sliding shaft 13 to position the slider 6 with respect to the sliding shaft 13. Therefore, the first
The slider 6 is moved by the sliding shaft 13 to move the engaging portions 6a, 6a.
b is engaged with and disengaged from the inner engagement portions 3a, 4a, and transmits the rotation of both vertical bevel gears 3, 4 to rotate the first output shaft 5 forward and backward.

A first sleeve 19 and a first washer 16 are spline-engaged in the vicinity of the right end portion of the first output shaft 5, and the first tightening nut 2 screwed to the output shaft 5 is engaged.
The sleeve 19 is positioned by 0 and the first retainer 21 that contacts the step portion 5c of the output shaft 5. The first damper rubber 22 is baked and fixed to the outer circumference of the first sleeve 19, and the first propeller boss 23 is press-fitted further to the outer circumference of the damper rubber 22, and the rotational force of the damper rubber 22 is increased by the frictional force. It is transmitted to this propeller boss 23. The propeller boss 23 includes an inner cylinder 23a, an outer cylinder 23b, and a rib 23c connecting the inner and outer cylinders 23a and 23b, and the inner and outer cylinders 23a and 23b.
An exhaust gas passage 24 is formed between the outer cylinder 23b and the outer cylinder 23b.
The first propeller 9 is integrally formed with the. Therefore, the first propeller 9 is connected to the first output shaft 5 and rotates forward and backward when the boat moves forward and backward.

The second slider 8 is provided on the right side slightly away from the rear vertical bevel gear 4 and concentrically with the first output shaft 5, and is entirely cylindrical, and has an engaged portion 8a at the left end thereof. The engaged portion 8a faces the outer engaging portion 4b provided on the outer side of the rear vertical bevel gear 4. Reference numeral 17 denotes a pin, which is fitted to the sliding shaft 13 and engages in the axial direction of the second slider 8 and is slidable in the rotational direction to position the second slider 8 with respect to the sliding shaft 13. ing. Therefore, in the second slider 8, the engaged portion 8a is engaged with and disengaged from the outer engaging portion 4b by the movement of the sliding shaft 13, and thus, in the same direction as that of the rear vertical bevel gear 4, that is, Rotate in one direction. The second slider 8 is spline-engaged with the second output shaft 7 provided on the outer side thereof, that is, is rotationally engaged with the second output shaft 7 and is slidable in the axial direction. so,
By transmitting the rotation of only the rear vertical bevel gear 4, the second output shaft 7 is rotated only in one direction.

The second long hole 5b through which the pin 17 is inserted is
From the viewpoint of assembly, the length and position of the pin 17 in the front-rear direction are set so that the pin 17 can be inserted in the state where the second slider 8 is engaged with the rear vertical bevel gear 4.

The second output shaft 7 has an elongated cylindrical shape, and is concentrically mounted on the outside of the first output shaft 5 via needle bearings 18A and 18B inside thereof. A needle bearing 25 is interposed between the second output shaft 7 and a bearing housing 26 that covers the outer periphery of the second output shaft 7.

A second sleeve 19A, a second washer 16A, a second tightening nut 20A, a second retainer 21A, a second damper rubber 22A, and a second damper 22A provided on the right outer circumference of the second output shaft 7 are provided. The propeller boss 23A has a configuration similar to that of the above-mentioned first one. Therefore, the second propeller 10 provided at the front F of the first propeller 9 is
Is connected to the second output shaft 7 and rotates in the direction opposite to the first propeller 9 only when the boat advances, as will be described later. The second retainer 21A is in contact with the step portion 7c of the second output shaft 7. Also, the second tightening nut 20A
Is screwed to the spline screw 7b of the second output shaft 7.

Further, an oil passage 7a is bored in the second output shaft 7, and oil is supplied to the needle bearing 25 through the gap between the first and second output shafts 5, 7. . On the other hand, two oil seals 27 are provided between the outer circumference of the second output shaft 7 and the bearing housing 26 or the first retainer 21, respectively.
Mutual rotation of both output terminals 5 and 7 is smooth.

The bearing housing 26 includes ribs 2 extending in the radial direction.
6a and the ring portion 26b, and the nut 30 and the like form the case body 3 of the propulsion device.
It is fixed at 1. Therefore, the passage 24 is also formed between the bearing housing 26 and the case body 31.

Next, the essential part of the present invention will be described.

The inner race 4 of the first bearing (taper roller bearing) 40 is provided on the outer periphery of the front vertical bevel gear 3.
0b is fitted. The outer race 40 a of the first bearing 40 is fixed to the main body case 31 by a first ring 41. The spline 5s formed between the vertical bevel gears 3 and 4 of the first output shaft 5 is in contact with the rear end side of the front vertical bevel gear 3 at its front end face. Therefore, the first bearing 40 receives the thrust of the front vertical bevel gear 3 toward the front F, and also receives the thrust of the first output shaft 5 toward the front F through the front vertical bevel gear 3.

On the other hand, on the outer circumference of the rear vertical bevel gear 4, the inner race 4 of the second bearing (ball bearing) 42 is provided.
2b is fitted. The outer race 42 a of the second bearing 42 is sandwiched between the second ring 43 and the bearing housing 26, and is supported by the main body case 31. The first output shaft 5 is the spline 5
At the rear end surface of s, it is in contact with the front end side of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 via the thrust collar 44. Therefore, the second bearing 42 receives the thrust of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 toward the rear B during the reverse drive, and the second bearing 42 receives the first output shaft 5 through the rear vertical bevel gear 4.
Receives a thrust to the rear B of.

The inner race 42b of the second bearing 42
The front end portion of the second output shaft 7 is in contact with the rear end surface. Therefore, the second bearing 42 is provided with the thrust to the rear B of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 during the forward driving,
The thrust to the front F of the second output shaft 7 is received. The other configurations are similar to those of the conventional example, and the same portions or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description and illustration thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.

First, when moving forward, the slope cam 12 is pulled upward. As a result, the sliding shaft 13 slides to the left. At the same time, both pins 15 and 17 move to the left in both elongated holes 5a and 5b, and
The left engaging portion 6a of the slider 6 is engaged with the inner engaging portion 3a of the front vertical bevel gear 3, and the engaging portion 8a of the second slider 8 is the outer engaging portion of the rear vertical bevel gear 4. 4b is engaged.

On the other hand, the rotation of the input shaft 1 causes the front vertical bevel gear 3 to move.
Rotate in a clockwise direction when viewed from the rear of the propulsion device (hereinafter,
Right rotation. Therefore, the first propeller 9 rotates clockwise through the first slider 6, the first output shaft 5, the first sleeve 19, and the first damper rubber 22. Also,
Since the rear vertical bevel gear 4 rotates counterclockwise, the second slider 8, the second output shaft 7, the second sleeve 19A,
The second propeller 10 is inserted through the second damper rubber 22A.
Rotates at the same speed as the first propeller 9 but in the opposite direction. Therefore, at the time of forward movement, since it functions as a double propeller, good propulsion efficiency can be obtained.

When moving backward, lowering the slope cam 12
The sliding shaft 13 slides to the right. At the same time, the first slider 6 slides to the right, and the engaging portion 6b on the right side thereof engages with the inner engaging portion 4a of the rear vertical bevel gear 4. By this engagement, the rotational force of the vertical bevel gear 4 is transmitted to the first propeller 9 and the first propeller 9 rotates counterclockwise. Therefore, the boat moves backward. The second propeller 10 does not rotate during the reverse drive.

Next, the transmission of thrust in the axial direction will be described.

During forward operation, the thrust to the front F generated by the right rotation of the first propeller 9 is transmitted to the first damper rubber 22 by the frictional force between the first propeller boss 23 and the first damper rubber 22. . The transmitted thrust passes through the first sleeve 19, the first retainer 21, the first output shaft 5 and the front vertical bevel gear 3 to generate the first thrust.
Supported by the bearing 40 of the. At the same time, the thrust to the front F generated by the left rotation of the second operoper 10 causes the second propeller boss 23A, the second damper rubber 22A, the second sleeve 19A, the second retainer 21A and the second retainer 21A.
It is supported by the second bearing 42 via the output shaft 7 of.

On the other hand, during reverse operation, the thrust to the rear B generated by the left rotation of the first propeller 9 causes the first propeller boss 23,
A first damper rubber 22, a first sleeve 19, a first washer 16, a first tightening nut 20, a first output shaft 5,
It is supported by the second bearing 42 via the thrust collar 44 and the rear vertical bevel gear 4.

In the above configuration, according to the present invention, the front end portion of the second output shaft 7 has the inner race 42 of the second bearing 42.
It is in contact with the rear end surface of b. Therefore, the second output shaft 7
The thrust to the front F of the bearing is supported by the second bearing 42 that is originally necessary to support the rear vertical bevel gear 4. Therefore, since it is not necessary to separately provide a bearing for receiving the thrust of the second output shaft 7, the number of parts and the number of processing steps are reduced, and the propulsion device is reduced in size in the radial direction. Therefore, for example, the exhaust gas passage 24 can be formed large.

Further, the forward thrust of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 and the forward thrust of the second output shaft 7 are applied to the second bearing 42 during forward movement. Therefore, since the thrust load directions do not overlap, the thrust load of the second bearing 42 becomes small. On the other hand, when moving backward,
The thrust to the rear B of the rear vertical bevel gear 4 and the first output shaft 5 is applied to the second bearing 42. However, when the vehicle is moving backward, there is generally an output limiting mechanism, and the rotation of the first propeller 9 is slow. Therefore, the thrust load on the second bearing 42 is smaller than that when moving forward.

Further, the first bearing 40 receives the thrust of the front vertical bevel gear 3 and the first output shaft 5 to the front F, and does not receive the thrust of the second output shaft 7. Therefore, the thrust load of the first bearing 40 also becomes small.

By the way, in this embodiment, the propulsion device having one input shaft 1 has been described. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to a propulsion device having two input shafts 1 (see, for example, FIG. 2 of JP-A-60-259594) and is included in the present invention.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the front end portion of the second output shaft comes into contact with the rear end surface of the inner race of the second bearing that supports the rear vertical bevel gear, and the second output shaft of the second output shaft Since the forward thrust is supported, a separate bearing for receiving the thrust of the second output shaft is not necessary. Therefore, the number of parts and the number of processing steps are reduced, and the propulsion device is reduced in size in the radial direction. In addition, the thrust load of the first bearing is reduced and the thrust load of the second bearing is not increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a propulsion device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view of a conventional outboard motor, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional example. 1 ... Input shaft, 2 ... Horizontal bevel gear, 3 ... Front vertical bevel gear, 4 ... Rear vertical bevel gear, 3a, 4
a ... inner side engaging part, 3b, 4b ... outer side engaging part, 5 ...
1st output shaft, 6 ... 1st slider, 7 ... 2nd output shaft, 8 ... 2nd slider, 9 ... 1st propeller,
10 ... second propeller, 40 ... first bearing,
42 ... second bearing, 42b ... inner race,
B ... backward, F ... forward.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal bevel gear fixed to a vertical input shaft supported by a case body and rotating about the vertical axis, and a front and rear direction facing each other so as to engage with the horizontal bevel gear and rotate about the horizontal axis. And a pair of front and rear vertical bevel gears, which are arranged in parallel, a first output shaft that penetrates at least the rear vertical bevel gear, and a first output shaft that engages in the rotational direction and is slidable in the axial direction. A first slider that engages / disengages with inner engaging portions provided on the inner surface sides of the pair of front and rear vertical bevel gears that face each other, and rotates the first output shaft in the forward and reverse directions; A hollow second output shaft that is concentrically fitted to the output shaft of, and rotationally engages with the second output shaft, and is slidable in the axial direction.
The rear vertical bevel gear engages / disengages with an outer engaging portion provided at an axial end portion on the outer surface side opposite to the inner surface side opposed to the front vertical bevel gear, thereby engaging the second output shaft with the second output shaft. A second slider that rotates only in the direction, a first propeller that is connected to the first output shaft and rotates forward and backward when moving forward and backward, and is disposed adjacent to the first propeller in the axial direction,
A second propeller that is connected to the second output shaft and rotates in a direction opposite to the first propeller only when moving forward, and a forward thrust of the first output shaft through the front vertical bevel gear. A first bearing supported by the case body so as to receive the second bearing, and an outer race supported by the case body so that the outer race is fitted to the outer periphery of the rear vertical bevel gear and receives thrust in the front and rear directions. And a front end portion of the second output shaft is in contact with an inner race of the second bearing.