JPH0657983B2 - Retractable roof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a retractable roof suitable for an all-weather building where the roof opens and closes like an athletic stadium.

<Prior Art> Conventional open / close type roofs each have a laminated structure in which the roofs are stacked in several stages, and these are slidably slid or run to open / close the top of the building.

For example, a beam or a girder supporting a roof is configured to be extendable and retractable, or traveling wheels are attached to the girder to run on the beam.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the conventional roof, since the space for accommodating the open roof part remains at the top, considering the opening ratio in the horizontal projected area of the roof, the roof opening Rate 100
It could not be set to%.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the roof is opened, since the roof member is positioned substantially vertically, the horizontal projected area required for storage is minimized, and opening / closing with an opening ratio of 100% is sufficient to withstand the influence of cross wind at that time. The purpose is to provide a roof.

<< Means for Solving the Problems >> In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention has a roof of a quadrangular pyramid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a dome shape or the like covering the main body of the building from the center to the periphery. Along the radial cutting line that reaches it, the middle part in the height direction is divided along the cutting line along the circumferential direction of the roof, and the peripheral end side base end part is used as a rotation axis for pivotal movement. A plurality of fan-shaped roof members that can be formed, a hinge mechanism that flexibly connects the midway portions of the roof members, and a peripheral side of the roof member to the building main body in order to support each roof member. A plurality of beams provided from the base end portion to the center of the roof, a traveling means provided at the roof center-side end portion of the roof member, which travels while being guided by the beams while engaging with the beams. Raise the roof member, open the roof, and Then, in order to close the roof, a driving means for rotating the roof members while bending them is provided.

<Operation> When the roof moves from the closed state to the open state, when the roof member is closed around the base end portion of the roof member by the driving force of the drive means and the engagement guide action of the beam and the traveling means, While being pivotally moved in the elevation direction so that the central part is lifted upward, the hinge mechanism bends from the middle part to the middle part to fold it into a dog-legged shape and stops almost vertically. The roof member in the open state bends from the middle part, and if this middle part is a half of the height direction of the roof member, the height of the roof in the fully opened position is about 2 minutes. It will be about 1.

When returning to the closed state, the tip of the roof member is guided by the beam and the middle portion is extended, and the roof member is pivotally moved in the depression angle direction with the base end portion as the rotation axis to be in the closed state.

<Examples> Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a building having a dome roof 1 in the shape of a hemisphere, and this building has the dome roof 1 placed on an outer wall 3 standing in a circle on a ground surface 2.

The dome roof 1 has a structure in which it is radially cut down at intervals of 60 degrees from the center point of the top of the roof and is divided, and each fan-shaped roof member 4-
4a-4b-4c-4d-4e.

Each roof member 4 to 4e is a frame 6 in which a lightweight steel frame is assembled in a lattice.
It is covered with a thin metal plate or a fluororesin film.
Further, the respective roof members 4 to 4e are divided along the circumferential direction of the dome roof 1 at the midpoints in the height direction thereof, and are further connected by a flexible hinge 13 which is a hinge mechanism so that the roof members 4 to 4e can bend and extend inside the building. It will be broken.

There is a ground 8 in the center of the inside of the building, and a stand 9 surrounds the outer circumference.

That is, the dome roof 1 has a hemispherical shape in a closed state, but when the dome roof 1 is opened, each roof member 4 to 4e is rotated in the elevation direction with the base end located on the outer wall 3 side as a rotation axis. While opening from the roof top in six directions (Fig. 2), as shown in Fig. 3, the roof members 4 to 4e act to bend inward from the middle part in the open height direction to increase the opening ratio and open the roof members 4 to 4e. The area receiving the wind pressure of 4e is reduced.

Note that the skeleton of the roof members 4 to 4e is not limited to metal and may be a composite material of plastic and metal, and it is desirable to reduce the weight.

Next, since the roof members 4 to 4e have the same structure,
One of them will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. The figures are side views related to only the roof member 4, and the outside of the outer wall 3 is
An inclined surface 10 descending inward from the top is formed, and the base end 11 of the roof member 4 is pivotally supported by a hinge 12 on the top of the inclined surface 10.

The middle part of the roof member 4 is bent in a free hinge 13 so that the top is the upper roof material 5 and the base is the lower roof material 7. That is, the roof member 4 has an upper roof member 5 and a lower roof member 7 each formed of a frame 6, and the upper and lower roof members 5 and 5 are formed.
7 is connected by a flexible hinge 13.

On the joint surface of the upper roof material 5 and the lower roof material 7 which are connected and connected by the flexible hinge 13 and the front end surface of the roof member 4, connecting tools 14 for the roofs are installed, respectively, for waterproofing and safe connection. Are considering.

As the connecting tool 14, the actual application of the applicant's earlier application Sho6
No. 0-161309 is preferable. This is a sickle lock on one side,
The other is provided with a lock hole to be engaged therewith, and the lock holes are connected to each other in a pulled state.

Further, an arch beam 16 for supporting each roof member 4 in a dome shape.
Is provided from the base end of each roof member 4 to the center of the dome roof 1, and the guide rail 1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the arch beam 16.
8 is laid, and traveling wheels 20 as traveling means that are engaged with rails 18 and travel while being guided by the rails 18 are attached to the back surfaces of the tips of the upper roof members 5 of the roof members 4 to 4e.

The pivoting movement of the roof member 4 at the base end portion 11 and the bending movement from the free hinge 13 are performed by the following structure.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, hydraulic cylinders 22 and 23 are used for the driving power as the driving means. First
One end of the cylinder 22 is rotatably supported inside the top of the outer wall 3, and the tip of the cylinder rod 24 is rotatably supported at a position slightly above the base end 11 of the lower roof member 7.

When the hydraulic pressure of the first cylinder 22 is controlled and the cylinder rod 24 is expanded / contracted, the roof member 4 reciprocally rotates in the depression / elevation direction with the hinge 12 of the base end portion 11 as a rotation axis. Since the base end portion 11 escapes in the inclination direction by the inclined surface 10 during the elevation movement, the tip of the roof member 4 which bends inward due to the curved curvature surely moves to the outside of the stand 9 and has an opening ratio of 100%. can get.

In the middle of the roof member 4, one end of the second cylinder 23 is pivoted slightly below the joint between the upper roof member 5 and the lower roof member 7, and at the tip of the cylinder rod 25 thereof. A sickle-shaped bracket 26 is pivotally mounted between the cylinder rod 25 and the base of the upper roof member 5.

When the cylinder rod 25 is extended, the bracket 26 pivots forward with the hinged hinge 13 as a pivot, so that the upper roofing member 5 bends inwardly in the building so as to bend forward. If the cylinder rod 25 is contracted, the reverse operation is performed and the upper roof member 5 returns to the original closed state.

The narrative bracket 26 transmits the linear movement of the cylinder rod 25 to the upper roofing member 5 to interlock with it. That is, since the force of the second cylinder 23 is transmitted to the upper roof 5,
The shape of the bracket 26 may be any shape as long as the center of the tip end shaft attachment portion of the cylinder rod 25 moves on the circumference with the free hinge 13 as the axis.

With the above configuration, when the dome roof 1 is opened, the hinges 12 are used as pivots while the cylinder rods 24 and 25 of the first cylinder 22 and the second cylinder 23 are extended, and the lower roofing material 7 is depressurized. At the same time as turning to, the tip of the upper roofing member 5 is lowered along the arch beam 16 by the traveling wheel 20 and the roof members 4 to 4e are opened while bending in a dogleg shape around the position of the hinge 13 as a central axis. The operation ends. When closing the dome roof 1, the opposite movement is performed.

The roof members 4 to 4e are in contact with the top of the dome roof 1, and the roof members 4 to 4e are specially arranged to ensure waterproofness.
There is provided a top cover 28 (FIG. 5) which covers the top of the dome roof 1 by rotating the shaft-attached portion pivotally attached to any of the above as an eccentric shaft.

In addition to the top cover 28, the traveling wheels 20 are
Details are shown in the figure.

That is, the top cover 28 is pivotally mounted by a pin 30 loosely fitted to the tip of the roof member 4 so that the top cover 28 can be pivotally moved. When the dome roof 1 is opened, the pin 30 is pivoted to the roof member 4 side. After closing 1, the pin 30 is rotated again to return it to the center point where the roof members 4 to 4e are in contact with each other.

An electric motor or the like is provided inside the pin 30 so as to be rotatable.

The traveling wheels 20 are pivotally supported at respective end portions of the horizontal member of the cross-shaped bogie frame 31 suspended at the tips of the roof members 4 to 4e.
A floating prevention wheel that holds the traveling wheel 20 on the rail 18 by hitting the lower end of the bogie frame 31 against the rear surface of the upper flange of the rail 18, and consequently locks the roof members 4 to 4e to the arch beam 16. 32 included.

A pair of sheaves 33 are arranged opposite to each other on the web side surface of the rail 18 with the top portion of the arch beam 16 interposed therebetween, and a tow rope 34 is wound around the sheaves 33. This relates to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 and subsequent figures.

In the second embodiment, as the driving means for opening and closing the dome roof 1, the hydraulic cylinders 22 and 23 are not used as in the first embodiment, but a tow rope 34 and a winch 35 are used.

The tow rope 34 is a winch 35 installed below the arch beam 16 and a sheave 3 installed near the apex of the arch beam 16.
It is wound endlessly with 3. When the winch 35 is operated, the index rope 34 moves between the winch 35 and the sheave 33. The winding state of the tow rope 34 is the rail 1
8 guide rollers 3 arranged at regular intervals along the web
It is carried and supported by 6. The bogie frame 31 is locked to the tow rope 34 (Fig. 7). Further, a jack 37 is installed directly below the universal hinge 13 connecting the upper roof member 5 and the lower roof member 7 and between the arch beam 16 and the frame 6 of the roof member 4.

With the above structure, when the dome roof 1 is opened, the winch 35 is operated, and the roof member 4 is moved by the tow rope 34.
Pull down the tip of ~ 4e. In the initial stage, the jack 37 floats the frame 6 near the flexible hinge 13 in order to reduce the load on the winch 35 and the tow rope 34.

When the leading ends of the roof members 4 to 4e are pulled down as they are, the lower roofing material 7 is moved in the angle-decreasing direction while the hinge 12 and the free hinge 13 are used as respective pivot axes, and at the same time, the leading end of the upper roofing material 5 is moved. The traveling wheel 20 descends along the arch beam 16 and bends into a dogleg shape to complete the opening operation. When the dome roof 1 is closed, the rotation direction of the winch 35 is reversed to obtain a movement completely opposite to the opening movement described above.

<Effects> As described in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, the roof member is pivoted about the base of the building body so that the roof member is vertically raised while being bent. Since the roof is opened by moving it, the horizontal projection area when it is fully opened is minimized, and the aperture ratio can be 100%. Therefore, the feeling of openness can be made almost the same as in the state without the roof. Further, since the retractable roof of the present invention does not have a step unlike the conventional multi-layer structure, it is possible to obtain a flat roof surface without a step when the roof is closed. It is advantageous in that there is no need to take care of rain. Regarding the problem of wind blowing, it is necessary to prevent the blowing by some kind of closing means in a conventional roof having a step, but the present invention does not require such consideration because a flat roof surface can be secured. effective.

Furthermore, when the roof member is erected and the roof is opened, the middle part of the roof member can be bent, so that the area that receives cross wind can be reduced, and the height of the erected roof member can be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable in terms of wind pressure resistance and landscape, and since the structure for wind pressure resistance can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the design strength of the peripheral structure such as the base portion supporting the roof.

Further, since the traveling means provided at the tip of the roof member on the center side of the roof is engaged with the beam, the opening / closing operation of the roof is performed while guiding the rotation / bending / extending motion of the roof member with this beam. It is possible to reliably support the roof member by the beam, and it is possible to easily and reliably secure the moving operation and the positioning of the roof member at the time of opening and closing by the guide of the beam.

[Brief description of drawings]

Each of the drawings relates to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dome roof, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing its operating state, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view according to the first embodiment, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the top of the roof member, FIG. 6 is a side view according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a bogie frame and a tow rope. It is an end view which shows the state of. 1 ... Dome roof, 2 ... Ground surface, 3 ... Outer wall, 4 ... Roof member, 5 ... Upper roof material, 6 ... Skeleton, 7 ... Lower roof material, 8 ... Ground, 9 ... Stand, 10 ... … Sloping surface 11 …… Base end, 12 …… Hinge 13 …… Free hinge, 14 …… Coupling tool 16 …… Arch beam, 18 …… Rail 20 …… Running wheel, 22 …… First cylinder 23 …… Second cylinder, 24 …… Cylinder rod 25 …… Cylinder rod, 26 …… Bracket 28 …… Top cover, 30 …… Pin 31 …… Bogie frame, 32 …… Rise prevention wheel 33 …… Sheave, 34 ... tow rope 35 ... winch, 36 ... guide roller 37 ... jack

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A quadrangular pyramid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a dome-shaped roof covering the main body of a building is divided along a radial cutting line extending from the center to the periphery, and the middle portion in the height direction is divided. Partition along the cutting line along the circumferential direction of the roof,
In addition, a plurality of fan-shaped roof members that are rotatably formed around the peripheral side base end portion as a rotation axis, a hinge mechanism that flexibly connects the above-mentioned middle portions of these roof members, and a support for each roof member. In order to do so, a plurality of beams provided in the building body from the peripheral end side base end part of the roof member to the roof center, and the beam provided at the roof center side tip part of the roof member are engaged. While being guided by this, traveling means for traveling and moving, and driving means for rotating these roof members while bending and stretching them in order to raise these roof members to open the roof and close them by closing them. A retractable roof characterized by having it.