JPH0661190B2 - Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention is a method in which air having a high carbon dioxide concentration is forced by a pump into a culture solution inside a cultivation tank for hydroponically growing vegetables, flowers, grass and the like. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method and a cultivation device capable of extremely effectively growing a plant without blowing it into a plant and causing it to rot.

<Prior Art> As hydroponics for growing plants without utilizing soil and sun rays, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-2 developed by the present applicant.
The structure described in Japanese Patent No. 40731 is known.

The above-mentioned conventional invention uses a fluorescent lamp as a light source for hydroponics, and further moves the position of the fluorescent lamp along with the growth of the plant, and keeps the interval between the upper end of the plant and the fluorescent lamp within a predetermined range. In addition, the atmosphere in the cultivation room is maintained at a carbon dioxide gas concentration of 500 ppm or more, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, if necessary.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the conventional plant cultivation method and cultivation device described above, the culture solution in the cultivation tank contains a large amount of plant roots, fallen leaf scraps, and other fine organic matter. , Especially when the culture solution is at a high temperature of 25 ° C or higher, these organic substances are easily decomposed,
In addition, the pH value greatly fluctuates, and the pH value tends to change to the alkaline side, which has a significant adverse effect on the growth of plants, and in some cases, the culture solution may be rapidly spoiled.

And, in hydroponics, the plant grows by absorbing nutrients of the culture solution from the roots, so when using a spoiled culture solution or when the pH value range during the cultivation period is not appropriate, it causes damage to the growth of the plant. Eventually it will die, and it will also worsen the atmosphere in the cultivation room, so prevent the culture solution from spoiling,
Moreover, it is not necessary to adjust the pH value of the culture solution, or
There has been a strong demand for a plant cultivation method and device in which the control of the culture solution is extremely easy, such as reducing the fluctuation of values and improving the stability.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, in which the root of a plant is immersed in a culture solution containing a fertilizer component, and the culture solution has a carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm or more, preferably 1,000. A plant cultivation characterized by growing the plant while preventing the spoilage of the culture solution by continuously and forcibly blowing in air with a high carbon dioxide concentration maintained at ~ 5,000 ppm by a pump during the cultivation period of the plant. Method, and a cultivation tank to which a culture solution containing a fertilizer component is supplied, and in the culture solution, a carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm or more, preferably a high carbon dioxide concentration air maintained at 1,000 ~ 5,000 ppm, The present invention relates to a plant cultivating apparatus having a pump for growing a plant while forcibly blowing it during the period for cultivating the plant to prevent spoilage of the culture solution.

<Action> When the culture solution during cultivation of the plant itself is continuously and forcibly blown with air having a carbon dioxide gas concentration of 500 ppm or more, preferably about 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, the culture solution is always weakly acidic, The amount of fluctuations on the alkaline side, which inhibits the growth of plants, becomes extremely small. Further, when air with a high carbon dioxide concentration is blown into the culture medium during cultivation of the plant, the decay of a myriad of minute organic substances present in the culture medium and the decay of the culture medium are surely prevented, and the growth of the plant is completely suppressed. Not affected. Therefore, the maintenance of the culture solution is extremely simple, and the plant is surely and extremely well grown.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an example of the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a plant cultivation device 1 of the present invention. This plant cultivation device 1 is surrounded by a glass frame 6 inside a frame 5 having an upper part 2, a lower part 3 and left and right side parts 4. A cultivation space 7 is formed, and two upper and lower parts are formed inside the cultivation space 7.
A shelf 8 is provided to form three cultivation rooms 9 ...
It is the structure which installed the cultivation tank 10 in the bottom part of each cultivation room 9.

The above-mentioned cultivation tank 10 has a shallow dish frame shape and has an air blowing tube 11 having a large number of small holes therein, and a culture solution is supplied to the inside to hydroponically cultivate plants. Then, one end of each of the above-mentioned air blowing tubes 11 is connected to an air supply tube 14 extending from a pump 13 facing a carbon dioxide generating device 12 provided inside the upper part 2, for example, and the carbon dioxide generating device is connected. Air containing a large amount of carbon dioxide gas generated in 12 is introduced from the air supply tube 14 to each air blowing tube 11 and each cultivation tank 10 is introduced.
It is continuously and forcibly blown into the culture solution. The air blown into the culture medium is a high carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm or more, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, and is continuously forcibly blown during the cultivation period of the plant. .

The carbon dioxide generating device 12 is a catalytic oxidation type combustion device that burns benzine and other fuels using, for example, platinum as an oxidation combustion catalyst, and can always burn the fuel in a constant state. Occurs continuously and stably. Then, the pump 13 pressure-feeds the air having a high carbon dioxide concentration by the operation of the carbon dioxide generator 12 to the air supply tube 14, and this air is supplied to each air blowing tube 11 and blows out from the small holes to form bubbles. That is, it is forcibly and continuously blown into the culture solution in the cultivation tank 10.

However, the carbon dioxide generator 12 is installed in the cultivation space 7, the carbon dioxide concentration of the air in the cultivation space 7 is increased by the carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide generator 12, and the pump 13 sucks this air. You may make it supply to the air supply tube 14 and forcefully blow it continuously into the culture solution of the cultivation tank 10 by each air blowing tube 14.

A water circulation pump 15 is installed inside the lower portion 3 of the frame 5, and the culture solution supply pipe 16 extending from the outlet side of the water circulation pump 15 faces the inside of the uppermost cultivation tank 10 and the uppermost cultivation tank. 10 and the second cultivation tank 10 from the bottom,
Further, the second lowest cultivation tank 10 and the lowest cultivation tank 10 are connected by a connecting pipe 17, and the lowest cultivation tank 10 and the inlet side of the water circulation pump 15 are connected by a reflux pipe 18. Therefore, by driving the water circulation pump 15, the culture solution in the lowermost cultivation tank 10 is returned to the reflux pipe 18
Is sucked into the culture solution supply pipe 16 and is pressure-fed to the culture solution supply pipe 16, is supplied to the uppermost cultivation tank 10, is supplied from the upper communication pipe 17 to the central cultivation tank 10, and is further connected from the central cultivation tank 10 to the lower communication pipe 17. Thus, a circulating flow is introduced to the lowermost cultivation tank 10. It should be noted that a filter or the like may be provided at the culture solution suction port of each of the connecting pipes 17 and the reflux pipe 18 so that the organic and inorganic fine components to be mixed with the culture solution will not be clogged in each pipe or flowing into the water circulation pump 15.

Inside each cultivation room 9, for example, a fluorescent lamp 19 whose height can be adjusted by suspending with a chain is provided as a light source of a plant to be cultivated, and inside the lower portion 3 of the frame 5 an air conditioning mechanism is provided. 20 is installed and connected to the air blow-out part 22 provided in the upper part 2 by the air-conditioning pipe 21 installed in the side part 4, and the inside of the cultivation space 7 is maintained at a constant temperature range.

The plant cultivating apparatus 1 of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and when cultivating a plant, a culture solution in which a fertilizer component is mixed is supplied to each cultivating tank 10, and the roots of plants such as vegetables, flowers and grass are placed in the cultivating tank 10. Immerse, operate the air conditioning mechanism 20 to maintain the inside of the cultivation space 7 at a constant temperature, drive the water circulation pump 15 to circulate the culture solution in each cultivation tank 10 as described above, and carbonate. Carbon dioxide concentration of 500p due to gas generator 12
Air containing high-concentration carbon dioxide gas, which is preferably maintained at 1,000 to 5,000 ppm or more at pm or more, is continuously blown directly into the culture solution in each cultivation tank 10 from each air blowing tube 11 by driving the pump 13.

The temperature, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the light irradiation state of the fluorescent lamp 19 are controlled inside the cultivation space 7.

As described above, when the air having a high carbon dioxide concentration is continuously blown into the culture solution during the cultivation period of the plant, forcibly blown into the culture solution, the organic matter contained in the culture solution becomes extremely difficult to rot, and the culture solution itself. Since it does not decay, it does not adversely affect the growth of the plant, and the plant grows actively. Moreover, carbonic acid assimilation of plants becomes active and contributes greatly to growth.

If the carbon dioxide concentration of the air blown into the culture liquid in the cultivation tank 10 is 500 ppm or less, the anti-rot effect of the culture liquid can hardly be expected, and if it is 5,000 ppm or more, the carbon dioxide concentration is too high and the pH value becomes low. Inorganic fertilizer components contained in the liquid may precipitate, so about 1,000 to 5,000 ppm is preferable.

Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be implemented in any manner as long as the configuration described in the claims is not changed.

For example, the carbon dioxide gas generator may be a carbon dioxide gas cylinder that does not utilize combustion of fuel such as benzine, or when continuously blowing air having a high carbon dioxide gas concentration into the culture solution, a nozzle without using a perforated tube, etc. You may employ the structure of. Further, the cultivation space 7 may have any configuration.

<Effects of the Invention> In short, according to the present invention, the roots of plants are soaked in a culture solution containing a fertilizer component, and the culture solution has a carbon dioxide concentration of 50.
A plant is grown while preventing the spoilage of the culture broth by continuously and forcibly blowing air with a high carbon dioxide concentration, which is maintained at 0 ppm or more, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, during the plant cultivation period. A method of cultivating a plant,
And, a cultivation tank to which a culture solution containing a fertilizer component is supplied, and to the above-mentioned culture solution, the carbon dioxide concentration is 500 ppm or more, and the air having a high carbon dioxide concentration maintained at 1,000 to 5,000 ppm is preferably used. The present invention relates to a plant cultivating apparatus having a pump for forcing a plant to grow while cultivating a culture solution to prevent spoilage of the culture solution.

Therefore, even if the culture solution in the cultivation tank contains a large amount of roots of plants under cultivation, fallen leaf debris, and other fine organic matter, or even if the culture solution has a high temperature of 25 ° C or higher,
Since the value does not fluctuate to the alkaline side, not only does it not adversely affect the growth of the plant, but the culture solution does not deteriorate or rot, and not only can the plant grow remarkably well, but also inside the cultivation room. It does not make the atmosphere worse.
Furthermore, the biggest difficulty in hydroponically cultivating plants such as vegetables and flowers is spoilage of the culture broth, and normally the culture broth must be properly managed. Even in this case, the plant can be cultivated reliably and accurately, and therefore, it has a very high practical value in the maintenance management of the cultivation device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway schematic front view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a plant cultivation device, 5 is a frame, 6 is a glass frame, 7
Is a cultivation space, 9 is a cultivation room, 10 is a cultivation tank, 11 is an air blowing tube, 12 is a carbon dioxide gas generator, and 13 is a pump.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A root of a plant is dipped in a culture solution containing a fertilizer component, and air having a high carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm or more and preferably maintained at 1,000 to 5,000 ppm is pumped into the culture medium. A method for cultivating a plant, which comprises continuously forcibly blowing the plant during a period for cultivating the plant to grow the plant while preventing the culture solution from spoiling. 2. A cultivation tank to which a culture solution containing a fertilizer component is supplied, and the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the culture solution is preferably 500 ppm or more.
A plant cultivation apparatus having a pump for growing a plant while forcibly blowing in air having a high carbon dioxide concentration maintained at 1,000 to 5,000 ppm continuously during the period for cultivating the plant to prevent spoilage of the culture solution. .