JPH0662976B2 - lubricant - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vertical motor contact, a slide switch, a relay, a connector, etc., including a small motor used for driving a tape of a tape recorder, a video tape recorder, etc. The present invention relates to a lubricant used for the electric contacts or sliding parts of.

Conventional technology Explaining with an example of a small motor with the highest number of contacts,
Generally, there are two types of brushes in a small motor. One is a conductive material having elasticity, for example, copper, beryllium copper, copper titanium alloy, phosphor bronze, nickel silver thin plate material or wire material, and precious metal alloys (for example, Au, Pd, Pt, Ag, Cu, etc. and their alloys). ) Is clad or joined to a part of a thin plate material or a wire material by means of spot welding,
The other is a sintered carbon brush (eg carbon, Ag carbon, Cu
SiC, MoS for carbon, AgCu carbon, and their materials
₍₂ , Pb, epoxy resin, etc. added as an additive) is formed by means of conductive adhesive, spot welding, or caulking method, but in small motors with these brushes, commutator rotation Occasionally, the sliding part of the brush vibrates unnecessarily, which causes abnormal welding of the contact surface of the sliding part of the brush to the commutator segment, and the black matter (carbon and brush and commutator segment between sparks). It is often a problem that foreign matter is generated which promotes an abnormal phenomenon called a mixture of sliding wear powders generated in (1). As an example of a brush for a small motor, there is one in which a brush sliding portion that makes contact with a commutator segment is integrally formed with a brush base portion that is supported by a supporting means provided on a lid of a motor case. The contact state between such a brush and the commutator segment is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, a folded brush sliding portion 3 extends from a brush base portion 2 supported by a brush supporting means 1. The brush base portion 2 and the brush sliding portion itself have elasticity and are in contact with the commutator segment 4 in a pressed state. Then, this pressing force can be set to a required value by appropriately selecting the bending angle between the brush base portion 2 and the brush sliding portion 3. The commutator segment 4 is fixed to the motor rotating shaft 6 via the commutator base 5 and rotates with the rotation of the motor.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, the commutator segment 4 which is in contact with each other
An electric spark is generated from the brush sliding part 3 at the time of rectification and due to an intermittent contact point. With the generation of the electric spark, electrical noise, wear and welding on the commutator segment 4 and the brush sliding part 3 are caused. An inconvenient state occurs such as occurrence of. For example, when welding occurs at a position where the commutator segment 4 starts to contact and a position where the commutator segment 4 starts to separate (a portion in FIG. 4), the welded material causes the welded substance to contact the commutator segment 4.
The surface of is damaged by rubbing, and the chips generated by this rubbing are accumulated in the gap between adjacent commutator segments 4 (part b in FIG. 4), so that the commutator segments are separated from each other. Conduction causes unstable rotation. In addition, for example, if the surface roughness of the commutator segment surface becomes rough due to wear, it will cause vibration of the brush, which will promote the generation of electric sparks, which will further wear and cause abnormal wear etc. The performance of the motor will be deteriorated due to misalignment.

An electric spark is best generated at the contact surface a between the brush sliding part 3 and the commutator segment 4. Of course, commutator segment 4 touches
It goes without saying that the brush sliding part 3 also suffers mechanical wear that is not caused by electric sparks.

Generally, the material of the brush sliding part 3 that is often used is a noble metal alloy or sintered carbon as described above, and the material of the commutator segment 4 is a noble metal alloy such as Au, Pd, Ag, such as AgCu, AgCd, AgCuCd, It is made of AgCuTi. Especially when combined with precious metal brushes,
Since the surface energy is high and both materials are almost the same, it is a disadvantageous combination in which scratches easily occur on the contact surface. Even when it is used in combination with a sintered carbon brush, the sliding resistance is smaller than that of a noble metal alloy brush, but a large amount of impurities such as SiO ₂ are mixed in the compound material forming the brush. There is a risk of scratches, and as with noble metal alloy brushes, noble metal alloy carbon forms an unfavorable combination where scratches easily occur on the contact surface. The example of FIG. 5 (a) shows a structure that does not have a mechanical means for suppressing the electric sparks that are the cause of these drawbacks. That is, in the case where no vibration damping measures are taken in the brush sliding portion 3, the vibration of the brush sliding portion is large, the number of sparks is increased, and welding and wear are likely to occur. The example of FIG. 5 (b) shows a structure in which the brush sliding portion 3 is provided with vibration damping measures. That is, the vibration-proof rubber 9 is attached to the brush sliding portion 3 with the adhesive 8, and the vibration absorption is good at room temperature and the generation of sparks can be suppressed. However, in the vicinity of the maximum use temperature of 60 ° C, the viscosity of the pressure-sensitive adhesive decreases remarkably, the adhesive strength of the anti-vibration rubber 9 with the sliding portion 3 decreases, the vibration absorption capacity decreases, and sparks increase. However, it is difficult to obtain a good product with a long life. Further, FIG. 5 (c) shows another example of the structure in which the brush sliding portion 3 is provided with a vibration damping measure as in FIG. 5 (b). That is, the vibration-proof sheet 12 is attached to the brush sliding portion 3 and the adhesive 8
Is adhered with an adhesive material 11 having a composition applied with, and compared with the example of FIG. 5 (b), the decrease in viscosity of the adhesive material at high temperature can be suppressed to some extent, but is insufficient.
Long life at high temperature and high quality cannot be satisfied.

The ambient temperature of this equipment is often -10 ℃ to + 60 ℃.

An object of the present invention is to smoothly slide an up / down switch having a switching contact structure, a relay, a rectifying mechanism of a small motor, a slide switch having a sliding contact structure, an electrical contact such as a connector, or a sliding portion. It is what

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol with hexamethylene glycol as a lubricant to be attached to the surface of an electrical contact or a sliding part. It was used after being dissolved in.

In addition, you may use the structure which apply | coats directly to a sliding part in order to simplify a structure.

Actions Explaining with an example of a small motor, the state in which the brush sliding part and the commutator segment are easily welded, or the state in which welding, abnormal wear, and conduction failure are likely to occur is being clarified in the literature and experiments so far. An abnormal state is likely to occur when the brush sliding part and the commutator segment slide in the atmosphere or when the commutator segment itself contains or adsorbs unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons. At this time, an abnormal phenomenon called black matter (decomposition product, carbon-like polymer that is a polymer formed by mechanochemical reaction, and mixture of sliding wear powder generated between brush and commutator segment) is generated. Foreign matter that promotes is generated.

This foreign matter is generated when unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons are burned by the arc between the sliding part and the commutator segment.
This is due to the fact that a large amount of carbon per unit volume results in incomplete combustion and the molecular structure thereof, but because the binding state of the produced carbon becomes dense, hard carbon can be formed.

Also, in the adsorption of hydrocarbons other than unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons, and adsorption to commutator segments, it is due to the molecular structure, but the carbon produced is soft, which does not lead to abnormal phenomena. Has been done. Based on these phenomena, a long-term operation experiment was conducted using a commutator segment in which a very small amount of hydrocarbon was adsorbed. In this experiment 1) There is a high probability that abnormal wear will occur in the commutator segment when the temperature and humidity are low.

2) When approximately 10 μg of styrene monomer or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon such as toluene is adsorbed on the commutator segment, the abnormality of the commutator segment is alleviated and the life of the small motor is extended. (However, this is the data when there is no continuous supplement of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon.) The results were obtained.

Therefore, as a result of considering the above-mentioned phenomenon, when the chemical of the present invention is used, unlike styrene monomer and toluene, since it has oxygen in its molecular structure, it burns well, which is one of the abnormal phenomena of hard It is farthest from the formation of black matter, and becomes extremely soft even if carbon is formed, and it is possible to reduce the sliding resistance of the brush sliding part and the commutator segment.

In addition, even at high temperature and low humidity where abnormal phenomena are likely to occur, an atmosphere matching the vapor pressure of the chemicals of the present invention can be obtained in the motor case, and the hydroxyl groups of the chemicals of the present invention strongly adsorb onto the metal surface. Therefore, a sufficient effect can be obtained.

In addition, the small motor for distributing chemicals of the present invention has a structure close to an airtight structure with little air circulation, or the device itself in which the small motor is incorporated has a structure with little air circulation for better results. .

Further, in the adsorption of the chemicals of the present invention, a commutator using Au, Pd, Pt, Ag, etc. and a material having a strong catalytic action of its alloy
Not only segments and brushes, but also brushes made of Cu, etc., the surface of sintered carbon brushes, and other metal parts that compose the motor are also adsorbed and highly reactive gas (styrene monomer, styrene monomer, Toluene, etc.) is prevented from adhering. This is because the chemical | medical agent of this invention forms a hydrogen bond and strongly adsorb | sucks compared with the organic gas adsorbed by the attraction of van der Waals, such as styrene monomer and toluene. Substance and Characterization of chemicals present invention, molecular formula: hexamethylene _{glycol: C 6 H 1 2 (OH} ) 2 water absorption: a 10% (40 ℃ · 90% RH · 1 atm).

The above-mentioned chemical of the present invention is adsorbed on the surface of the brush or commutator segment to form a monomolecular film, so that the lubricity is extremely improved and the wear of the contact portion is remarkably reduced.

Also, the same effect can be achieved with an electric contact such as a vertical movement switch having a switching contact structure, a relay, or a slide switch having a sliding contact structure and a connector.

Embodiment FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a small motor. Here, parts having the same names as those in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals. In the figure, 7 is a bearing metal, 13 is a brush, 14 is a bracket for holding the brush, 15 is under the motor case,
16 is a felt impregnated with the chemical of the present invention, 17 is a magnet wire wound around a rotor core 18, 19 is a motor case
It is a field magnet fixed to the inner surface of 20. First
In the illustrated embodiment, the felt 16 is located on the bracket 14 in the vicinity of the brush slide 3, and in the embodiment of FIG. 2 the felt 16 is mounted on the brush base 2.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the case 20 is provided separately from the brush 13.

Further, in each of the embodiments, the atmosphere in the case becomes a vapor atmosphere due to the chemical of the present invention, and the chemical of the present invention is adsorbed on the surface of the brush and the commutator segment.

The following comparative examples and examples were tested.

Comparative Example 1) Conventional product Test product in styrene monomer atmosphere of Comparative example 2) Test product in toluene atmosphere of Comparative example 3) Example 1) Test product in atmosphere of chemical of the present invention
Even if there are some impurities in the components of the drug of the present invention, the drug of the present invention exerts a remarkable effect.

The motor used for the test will be described with reference to FIG. This motor is a DC motor, and its rated output is 30mm in outer diameter and 25mm in height.
0.1W, the operating conditions during the test are 4.2VDC, 25mA.

The test results are shown in the table below.

The polyester felt 16 washed with a polyfluoroethylene liquid and degreased in the gap of this motor and the one impregnated with the chemical of the present invention is installed, and the chemical of the present invention gradually evaporates to obtain a remarkable effect. Was completed. The polyester felt 16 can control the evaporation speed by changing the fiber thickness and the apparent specific gravity. Even if a continuous foamed plastic or rubber sponge was used instead of the polyester felt 16, a remarkable effect could be obtained.

Further, the sintered porous field magnet 19 impregnated with the chemical of the present invention has a holding force of 0.1 to 0.3 g, and a remarkable effect can be obtained.

Also, a gas-permeable film such as polyethylene or a case enclosed in a case and installed in a small motor has a force to hold the chemical of the present invention, and a remarkable effect can be obtained.

Further, since the chemicals of the present invention are solid at room temperature, it is necessary to raise the temperature to the melting point when impregnating parts, but it is easy to use by dissolving them in 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol having the same effect. Impregnation was possible and a remarkable effect could be obtained.

FIG. 6 shows a commutation waveform diagram of the chemical small motor of the present invention.

(A) is a rectified waveform of a conventional product before the test in an atmosphere of 60 ° C. and 5% RH, and rectified waveform of Comparative Example 1 after a 300-hour test (b) is a rectified waveform of 60 in an unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon styrene monomer atmosphere The rectified waveform before the 5 ° C RH atmosphere test and the rectified waveform of Comparative Example 2 after the 100-hour test (c) are obtained when approximately 10 μg of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon (toluene) was adsorbed on the commutator segment surface.
Rectification waveform before 60 ° C., 5% RH atmosphere test and rectification waveform of Comparative Example 3 after 300 hours test (d) shows the rectification waveform before the 60 ° C., 5% atmosphere test and after 1500 hours test in the chemical atmosphere of the present invention. Example 1 of the rectified waveform Effect of the invention As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.

1) By adsorbing the chemical of the present invention on the surface of the sliding portion, a lubricating action is exerted, and there is an effect that abnormal wear or welding of the sliding contact surface and fouling damage due to it can be prevented.

2) Even if there is an organic gas having a benzene ring such as styrene monomer or toluene, it is protected by the film of the chemical of the present invention adsorbed on the surface of the sliding portion, the generation of black matter is also minute and contact failure between contacts occurs. Can be prevented. In addition, since it does not cause contact failure, it also reduces the generation of electrical noise and stabilizes the speed when used in small motors, for example, resulting in a small size for relatively low voltage of 1 to 30V. Reduces flutter and flutter in equipment where motors are used.

3) The chemical of the present invention has a damping effect of suppressing the vibration generated by the sliding motion of the brush / commutator.
Enables 10% reduction in mechanical noise.

4) Regarding the hygroscopicity of the chemicals of the present invention, the ideal balance is between -OH group having hydrophilicity and -C-C- (carbon bond part) having hydrophobicity, and even in an atmosphere of 40 ° C and humidity of 90% RH. The water absorption rate is 20% or less, and the lubricating effect is large without being wet enough to corrode the metal.

5) When the chemical | medical agent of this invention is used after melt | dissolving in 2-methyl-2,4-pentadiol, the impregnation of a component becomes possible at room temperature, and it is excellent in productivity and long in effect duration.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are configuration diagrams of an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a small motor, FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of the motor of the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a general brush, 5A to 5C are views showing the structure of a commutator, FIGS. 5A to 5C are views showing a typical structure of a conventional brush sliding part, and FIGS. 6A to 6D are graphs showing the effects of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the commutation waveform of the confirmed small motor. 3 …… Commutator sliding part, 4 …… Commutator ・
Segment, 16 …… felt, 20 …… motor case.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C10N 30:08 40:02 40:14 50:00 50:06 (72) Inventor Shigeru Yoshida Osaka Prefecture 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References Japanese Patent Publication 6-8426 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lubricant which is used after dissolving hexamethylene glycol in 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as a lubricant to be attached to the surface of an electrical contact or a sliding portion.