JPH0663555B2 - Rotation speed converter - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotation speed conversion device for converting a constant rotation speed into a cyclically changing rotation speed having steplessly controlled amplitude in a gear transmission. Is.

[Conventional technology]

When transmitting power to the working machine by rotating the shaft,
From the viewpoint of noise, vibration, machine life, etc., it is often desired that the shaft rotate at a constant speed and the transmitted torque does not change periodically. In addition, most power plants are designed to generate rotation and torque at or near a constant speed even on the power supply side.

However, there may be a case where rotation in which the rotation speed and the transmission torque increase and decrease is required periodically. For example, in the durability test of the distributor used in the reciprocating engine for automobiles,
It is necessary to give a rotation close to that of the actual crankshaft of a reciprocating engine, and an angular acceleration tester that generates cyclically changing rotation speed and torque is effective for correctly evaluating the practical reliability of the distributor. There is. This test equipment
It is necessary to periodically obtain rotations whose rotational speeds increase and decrease from a power unit that rotates at or near a normal speed. In the conventional device, a hook type universal joint is used to obtain the periodic change speed, and two shafts in front of and behind the universal joint are
They are arranged so that they are not on a straight line, and by adjusting the angle formed by these two axes, they are converted into rotations having an increase / decrease rate that requires constant speed rotation.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional device having the above-mentioned mechanism for obtaining the rotation speed that changes periodically, vibration due to torque fluctuation is structurally transmitted to the universal joint, and the life of the universal joint is shortened. Another problem is that if the rate of increase or decrease is large, the crossing angle of the universal joint becomes large and the vibration becomes more intense, so that a large rate of increase or decrease cannot be obtained. In addition, the fact that the input shaft foundation and the output shaft foundation are connected only by fulcrums was a problem in terms of vibration and noise. Further, when a large torque is required, a large universal joint must be used, which makes it difficult to downsize the device.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is capable of transmitting a large torque without using a universal joint, is highly durable, and has a rotation that cyclically changes with an infinitely controllable amplitude. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a rotation speed conversion device capable of obtaining a speed.

[Means for solving problems]

In the rotation speed conversion device according to the present invention, in the first and second rotation speed conversion means using the non-circular gears having the rotation speed ratio that changes periodically, the phase change of the rotation speed of the cycle change is performed by controlling the phase. The amplitude is controlled continuously and steplessly.

[Action]

The basic device of the device of the present invention is that the constant rotational speed of one rotating shaft is periodically changed to the other rotating shaft, and the differential value by the rotational displacement of the change curve is always given a continuous rotating speed. is there. By repeating this basic action twice, the first,
It is a feature of this device that it acts simultaneously with the secondary. For example, the primary rotation speed conversion means applies a conversion action according to a certain differential continuous periodic function, and at the same time, the second rotation speed conversion means
When the conversion action is applied by the next rotation speed conversion means according to the inverse function of the first-order conversion, the rotation speed after passing through both actions is returned to the rotation speed before passing through both actions. Also the first
It also has the effect of continuously changing the amplitude of the rotational speed of the output by changing the way in which the next and second basic operations are overlapped, in other words, by shifting the phase.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a front sectional view and a side sectional view of an embodiment of a rotation speed converting device according to the present invention. In the figure, 10 is the first rotating shaft, on which the first non-circular gear
11 is fixed. Reference numeral 20 denotes a second rotating shaft, to which a second non-circular gear 21 meshing with the first non-circular gear is fixed. Reference numeral 30 denotes a third rotating shaft, to which a third non-circular gear 31 meshing with the first non-circular gear 11 is fixed.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a first frame, which in this embodiment is a fixed frame of the apparatus main body, supports the rotary shaft 40 via a bearing portion 61, supports the fifth rotary shaft 50 via a bearing portion 62, and supports the bearing. Part 63
The second rotating shaft 20 is supported via the. Above rotary shaft
Regular circular gears 45 and 25 are fixed to 40 and 20, respectively,
Intermesh with each other. Reference numeral 70 denotes a second frame, which in this embodiment is movable, supports the first rotating shaft 10 via a bearing portion 71 and supports the third rotating shaft 30 via a bearing portion 72. , Is rotatable about the rotary shaft 10. The rotating shafts 30 and 50 have a normal circular gear 35 and
55 are fixed and mesh with each other.

FIG. 1 shows that the first frame 60 and the second frame 70 are rotatable relative to each other with the first rotary shaft 10 as a fulcrum shaft. This rotation angle is indicated by α in the figure, and in this embodiment, the rotation angle α is rotatable from 0 to π radian, that is, from the position where the first frame and the second frame face each other to the position where they overlap. is there.

In the rotation speed converting device configured as described above in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the rotary shaft 40 of FIG. 4 is used as the input shaft and the fifth rotary shaft 50 is operated as the output shaft, the fourth rotary shaft is obtained. When a constant rotation speed ωi is given to 40, the amplitude of the periodically changing rotation speed ωu obtained on the fifth rotation shaft 50 continuously changes continuously in correlation with the value of the continuously controllable angle α. . The operation will be described below.

3 and 4 show the first non-circular gear 11 and the second non-circular gear.
21 shows an example of a pair of specific circular gears having a rotational speed ratio represented by a periodic function with differential continuous, which is used in FIG. In the figure, 12 is the meshing pitch curve of the first non-circular gear 11, 22
Is the meshing pitch curve of the second non-circular gear. In addition, along with the meshing pitch curve, actually, for example, an involute tooth profile is engraved, but the relationship such as the rotational speed or the transmission torque of the meshed gears can be explained without trouble by the meshing pitch curve. In the figure, the tooth profile is omitted.

The meshing pitch curves 12 and 22 have the same total length, and the total number of teeth of the first non-circular gear 11 and the total number of teeth of the second non-circular gear 21 are equal. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the function of the rotational speed ratio between the first non-circular gear 11 and the second non-circular gear 21 of the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The horizontal axis indicates the rotational displacement θ of the non-circular gear 11 during one full rotation in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. This rotational displacement is the third
The state in the figure is 0.

On the vertical axis, the non-circular gear with respect to the rotation speed of the non-circular gear 11
It takes an unnamed numerical value that represents the rotation speed ratio of 21. When the rotation speed of the first non-circular gear 11 is represented by ω ₁ and the rotation speed of the second non-circular gear 21 is represented by ω ₂ , F as a function of the above θ
(Θ) = | ω ₂ / ω ₁ | is the first and second non-circular gears 11
The rotation speed ratio between 21 is shown.

In the graph of FIG. 5, the function F (θ) = | ω ₂ / ω of the rotation speed ratio of the first non-circular gear 11 and the second non-circular gear 12
₁ | is shown as an example when F (θ) = 1 + Csin (2θ) is given. With this function, in the graph of FIG. 5, a sine curve with an amplitude of 2C is drawn with | ω ₂ / ω ₁ | = 1 as a reference. Here, the coefficient C of the function F (θ)
Is a constant that can be arbitrarily selected in the design in the range of | C | <1, and is C = 1/3 in the embodiment of FIG.

Next, the rotational speed conversion action that can be derived from the characteristic of the rotational speed ratio of the non-circular gear that generates the periodic function as described above will be described. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are a front view and a side cross-sectional view of one component of the rotation speed conversion device in the embodiment apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. These figures show the relationship in which the third non-circular gear 31 is added to the first and second non-circular gears 11 and 21 already described in FIGS. 3 to 5. This third non-circular gear
The gear specification of 31 is the same as that of the second non-circular gear 21. Here, the one in which the first and second non-circular gears 11 and 21 are meshed with each other is referred to as a primary rotation speed converting means, and the one in which the first and third non-circular gears 11 and 31 are meshed with each other is the second. It will be called the next rotation speed conversion means. The first rotation speed conversion means is the first
Is a means for determining the ratio of the rotation speed ω ₂ of the second rotation shaft 20 to the rotation speed ω ₁ of the rotation shaft 10 of
It is called the next rotation speed ratio.

Similarly, the second-order rotational speed conversion means is a means for determining the ratio between the rotation speed omega ₁ and the rotation speed omega ₃ of the third rotating shaft 30 of the first rotating shaft 10, this ratio secondary rotation We will call it the speed ratio. Similarly to the case where the primary rotation speed ratio converting means is the same as that described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, the description of FIGS. 3 to 5 applies to the secondary rotation speed converting means alone. it can. However, noteworthy here is the sixth.
As shown in the figure, based on the position of the first rotating shaft 10,
The third rotary shaft 30 is π + α with respect to the position of the second rotary shaft 20.
It is arranged by giving a central angle of radian.
Since the third specific circular gear 31 returns to the same relation around the first specific circular gear 11 for each central angle π radian, π + α radian is the same as giving a central angle of substantially α. Therefore, the primary rotation speed converting means is the first non-circular gear 11
When in the meshed state with the rotational displacement θ, the secondary rotation speed converting means is in the meshed state with the rotational displacement θ + α of the first non-circular gear 11. Because of this state, when the first-order rotational speed ratio | ω ₂ / ω ₁ | has a coefficient C and a functional expression 1 + Csin (2θ) using the rotational displacement θ as described above, Secondary rotation speed ratio |
ω ₃ / ω ₁ | is a functional expression 1+ using the algebra used in the above equation and the angle α that can be arbitrarily set as described above.
The value is Csin {2 (θ + α)}. In this state, the ratio ω ₃ / ω ₂ of the angular speed of the third rotating shaft 30 to the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 20 is a quotient of the second rotating speed ratio to the first rotating speed ratio. [1+
The value changes according to Csin {2 (θ + α)}] / {1 + Csin (2θ)}. The amplitude at this time increases or decreases in correlation with α.

FIG. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are graphs showing the operating characteristics of the rotational speed converter according to the embodiment of the present invention described so far, and the horizontal axis and the vertical axis are both graphs of FIG. Is the same as. FIG. 8 shows a state where α = 0, and the primary and secondary rotational speed ratios are always the same, and ω ₃ / ω ₂ = 1. FIG. 9 shows the state of α = π / 8, and the phase of the sine curve of the secondary rotation speed ratio is advanced by α radians from that of the primary rotation speed ratio. In this way, in the state where α is not 0 (exactly, also when α = π is excluded), the rotation speed ratio ω ₃ / ω ₂ appears as a curve that changes periodically, and between that period and one period. The maximum value and the minimum number that appear are the function F (θ) of the primary and secondary rotational speed ratio conversions, respectively.
Is the same as. The amplitude of the rotation speed ratio ω ₃ / ω ₂ is α
Increases in the range of 0 to π / 2, and decreases in the range of π / 2 to π.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which α = π / 2. It can be seen from the comparison with FIG. 9 that the amplitude of the periodic curve changes in correlation with the increase of α. FIG. 11 shows changes in the rotation speed ratio ω ₃ / ω ₂ when α is changed from 0 to π at π / 8 intervals.

In the device of the present invention, as described above, the rotation speed conversion by the non-circular gear having the function generating function is repeated twice, and the two conversions are performed with different phases to control the amplitude steplessly. It has a rotation speed conversion function based on a technical idea. By using this as an element device and controlling the value of α to be continuously variable, the rotation speed conversion device can be configured.

In order to continuously control the value of α, the second frame 70 can be rotated with respect to the first frame 60, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

With the structure as described above, the angle α can be continuously controlled in a stepless manner, so that the amplitude of the rotation speed ratio ω ₃ / ω ₂ is also continuously variable, and when α is fixed, It shows a constant amplitude that correlates to the value. In FIG. 2, a fourth rotary shaft 40 and a fifth rotary shaft 50 are provided, each of which is a normal circular gear.
Using the 45,25 pair and the 55,35 pair, the second rotating shaft 20 and the third
It is adapted to be transmitted to the rotating shaft 30 of. This is an example of a configuration in which an input shaft and an output shaft are coaxially arranged as a rotation speed conversion device. The gear ratio of the circular gears 45 and 25 pairs and the gear ratio of 55 and 35 pairs can be set arbitrarily. A value serving as a reference of the rotational speed ratio of the input / output shaft, in other words, the input / output rotational speed ratio when α = 0 can be set by these tooth number ratios. It is not directly related to thought. These circular gears 45,2
Set the tooth ratio of 5 pairs and circular gears 55, 35 pairs to 1 and
The output shaft rotational acceleration ratio of the embodiment (the device of FIGS. 1 and 2) of the rotational speed conversion device having the fourth rotary shaft 40 as the input shaft and the fifth rotary shaft 50 as the output shaft (the device of FIGS. 1 and 2), that is, dωu / dt And ▲
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the characteristic of the maximum value of the ratio of ω ² i.

In the above description of the rotational speed conversion device according to the present invention, the shape specifications of the non-circular gears shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 were used as an example. It is not limited. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the rotation speed conversion device using another shape specification of the non-circular gear will be described.

FIG. 13 shows a non-circular gear pair as a second embodiment of the rotation speed converting device according to the present invention. 111 is a first non-circular gear having a meshing pitch curve 112. 121
Is a second non-circular gear having a meshing pitch curve shown at 122. The meshing pitch curves 112 and 122 each have the same elliptical shape, and the non-circular gears 111 and 121 are configured to rotate about one of the focal points of the ellipses. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the eccentricity of the ellipse is 0.197.

FIG. 14 shows a first non-circular gear 111 and a second non-circular gear 121.
3 is a graph showing the relationship between and the rotation speed. The settings of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of the graph and the definitions of the algebra θ, ω ₁ , ω ₂ , F (θ) are the same as those in FIG. F on Fig. 14
(Θ) draws a curve having a period of 2π.

FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are components of the rotation speed conversion device according to the present invention, which are configured by using the non-circular gear pairs 111 and 121 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. In this figure, the first and second non-circular gears 111 and 121
The relationship in which the first non-circular gear 161 and the third non-circular gear 131 are added is shown. The gear specifications of the third non-circular gear 131 are the same as those of the second non-circular gear 121, and the first non-circular gear 161
The gear specification of is the same as that of the first non-circular gear 111. In this embodiment, two first non-circular gears 111 and 161 are arranged on the first rotating shaft 10 and fixed by providing a shift of π radian in the rotating direction between them. Because of this, the side view shown in FIG. 16 differs from that shown in FIG. However, the first non-circular gear 111 and the first non-circular gear 161 are integrally fixed with the first rotating shaft 10 as a recess, and both have the rotation speed ω ₁ of the first rotating shaft 10. Because
If the combination of the two first non-circular gears 111 and 161 is regarded as a single element and is considered to correspond to the first non-circular gear 11 in the apparatus of FIG. 6, the present invention is considered in the technical idea. There is no contradiction as a rotation speed conversion device by. FIG. 17 is an operation characteristic graph of the rotation speed conversion device by the element device shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. The setting of the abscissa and ordinate of the graph and the definition of the algebra a and ω ₃ / ω ₂ are based on the case of FIG.

Although the embodiment using the non-circular gear pair having two different shapes has been described above, the non-circular gear pair that can be used in the rotation speed conversion device according to the present invention is applicable to the embodiments described above. However, if the rotation speed ratio periodically increases or decreases and is differentially continuous, the rotation speed that can periodically change the amplitude of the output rotation that changes periodically with respect to the constant-speed input rotation is available. It can be used as a component of a converter.

In the above embodiment, the first frame 60 is fixed and the second frame 60 is fixed.
Although the frame 70 is rotatable, the second frame may be fixed and the first frame may be rotatable.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the first non-circular gear and the first non-circular gear are meshed with each other, and the first non-circular gear is combined with the third non-circular gear. A secondary rotation speed conversion means in which gears are meshed is provided, and the relative rotation angle of both rotation speed conversion means can be varied around the rotation axis of the first non-circular gear. Compared to the conventional device that uses a joint, it can transmit larger torque, suppress vibration and noise, and realize a highly durable device.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the rotation speed converting device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a line II-II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the first and second non-circular gears of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is of FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the coupling of the first, second and third non-circular gears of FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is a curve diagram relating to the rotational speed ratio between the first and second non-circular gears, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII, FIGS. 8 to 11 are curve diagrams showing the characteristics of the rotational speed converting element of FIG. 6, and FIG. 12 is a second frame of the apparatus of FIG. A curve diagram showing the maximum value of the output shaft rotation acceleration ratio depending on the rotation angle, FIGS. 13 to 17 show a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 shows the first and second non-circular gears. Show a pair FIG. 14 is a front view, FIG. 14 is a curve diagram relating to the rotational speed ratio between the non-circular gears of FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 is another pair of first and third non-circular gears in addition to the non-circular gear pair of FIG. A front view showing a rotational speed conversion element in which
Figure 16 is a sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI in Figure 15, and Figure 17 is
FIG. 16 is a curve diagram showing characteristics of the rotation speed conversion element of FIG. 10 …… First rotary shaft, 11 …… First non-circular gear, 20 ……
2nd rotary shaft, 21 ... 2nd non-circular gear, 30 ... 3rd rotary shaft, 31 ... 3rd non-circular gear, 60 ... 1st frame, 61-63 ... bearing, 70 ... Second frame, 71 ... Bearing, 111,261 ... First non-circular gear, 121 ... Second non-circular gear, 131 ... Third non-circular gear

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first non-circular gear fixed to a first rotating shaft, and a second non-circular gear fixed to a second rotating shaft and meshing with the first non-circular gear. A first rotation speed conversion means for determining a first rotation speed ratio as a rotation speed ratio of the second rotation shaft to the first rotation shaft;
Non-circular gear and a third non-circular gear that is fixed to the third rotation shaft and meshes with the first non-circular gear, and is a first rotation speed ratio of the third rotation shaft to the first rotation shaft. Secondary rotation speed conversion means for determining a secondary rotation speed ratio, a first frame that supports the second rotation shaft via bearings, and a third frame that supports the third rotation shaft via bearings, and A second frame supported so as to be rotatable relative to the first frame with the first rotation shaft as a fulcrum shaft;
The first rotational speed ratio is always positive and changes periodically, and its differential value is always continuous, and is given by a function F (θ) of the rotational displacement θ of the first non-circular gear. The secondary rotation speed ratio can be arbitrarily variably set by adjusting the relative rotation amount between the first frame and the second frame. θ + α)
And the rotation speed ratio of the third rotation shaft to the second rotation shaft is divided by the quotient F (θ + α) / F of the second rotation speed ratio to the first rotation speed ratio.
A rotation speed conversion device characterized by being given by (θ). 2. A first non-circular gear having a pair of non-circular gears having the same specifications, offset from each other by π radians in the rotation direction, and fixed to the first rotation shaft. 2. The rotation speed converting device according to claim 1, wherein the second non-circular gear is meshed with the non-circular gear, and the third non-circular gear is meshed with the other non-circular gear. .