JPH0665443B2 - Metal cutting equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] A disk-shaped cutter provided with a cutting portion in its peripheral portion is provided rotatably around its axis, and a holding member for holding an object to be cut is provided, The present invention relates to a metal cutting device provided with at least one of the holding member and the cutter such that the holding member and the cutter can be moved relatively far and far relative to the other along the radial direction of the cutter, and an automatic feeding device that relatively moves them relatively close to each other.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional metal cutting device, the cutter is fixed to the machine base in a disk shape, and the holding member is attached to the machine base so as to be movable in the distance with respect to the cutter, and the holding member is provided in the proximity direction to the cutter. In order to automatically transfer at a constant speed to cut the object to be cut, only an automatic feeder was provided, [Problem to be solved by the invention] However, a long pipe in the axial direction thereof, Alternatively, when a large-diameter pipe is to be cut in the radial direction, the cutting portion of the cutter is kept in sliding contact with the object to be cut such as the pipe for a long time. There was a drawback that the cutting ability was reduced due to clogging by scraps. Moreover, the cutting width of the object to be cut by the cutter is usually a little larger than the thickness of the cutter.However, if the cutting ability is reduced, the difference between the cutting width of the cutter and the thickness of the cutter is reduced, and especially When the product is heat-treated such as induction hardening, the cutter tends to be tightened due to residual stress. Therefore, if the gap between the cutter and the object to be cut cannot be maintained in the cutting member of the object to be cut, frictional heat increases, and the supply of cooling water to the cutting portion is hindered, so that the degree of overheating further increases. As a result, if the material to be cut is a heat-treated product, it may cause a tempering phenomenon, which may impair the product value. It causes jams and reduces the cutting ability.

Thus, this tendency becomes a vicious circle, and the adverse effects are magnified, which causes damage to the motor and damage to the cutter due to overload.

As described above, the conventional metal cutting apparatus has a drawback that the cutting ability is lowered as the cutting work is advanced, and the above-mentioned harmful effects are caused.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate this drawback.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

A characteristic configuration of a metal cutting device of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide an automatic reciprocating motion adding device for relatively reciprocating a holding member and a cutter in their perspective direction in a reciprocating manner at a set amplitude. Especially.

[Work]

By simply incorporating such an automatic reciprocating motion adding device into a conventional metal cutting device, the cutting work is carried out while automatically pressing and pulling back the object to be rotated and repeating the reciprocating motion, and the object to be cut is pulled back from the cutter. Before the next pressing, a gap is created between the cutting part and the object to be cut, cooling water easily enters this gap, and the removal of cutting chips that clog the cutting part is improved. The difference between the cutting width and the thickness of the cutter is optimally ensured. Moreover, the cutting portion and the cut portion are reliably cooled by the cooling water that has entered the gap between the cutting portion and the cut portion.

Furthermore, when the object to be cut is pressed against the cutter,
Since the two abut on each other at impact at a high speed that is the feed speed of the holding member plus the speed by the automatic reciprocating motion adding device, the abrasive grains on the tip surface of the cutter separate during the abutment and new abrasive grains appear. It becomes easier to do, and the new abrasive grain that emerges contributes to cutting each time.

〔The invention's effect〕

Therefore, an increase in frictional resistance generated between the cutter and the object to be cut is suppressed by the gap secured between both side surfaces of the cutter and the object to be cut, and cooling between the cutter and the object to be cut is performed by the cooling water. The friction heat generated between the two is not increased in order to be sure.

As a result, even when cutting a long pipe in the axial direction or in the radial direction of a large-diameter pipe, a cutting operation in which a cutting resistance is remarkably increased by a conventional cutter is overloaded. And overheating can be prevented, and even if the pipe is subjected to heat treatment such as induction hardening, the product value will not be impaired by the adverse effect of tempering due to overheating. In addition, when cutting an object that has been heat treated, you can avoid the risk that the cutter will be damaged if it is tightened due to residual stress. Repeated shocking contact at a large speed that is the sum of the speed and the speed of the automatic reciprocating motion adding device, whereby the abrasive grains at the tip of the cutter peel off, and new abrasive grains appear each time, contributing to cutting. It has become possible to safely and easily cut an object to be cut, which has been difficult to cut by the metal cutting device described above, without lowering work efficiency.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a metal cutting device to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a disk-shaped cutter (3) having a cutting part (31) on the periphery is fixed to the machine base (2) so as to be rotatable around its axis. , A holding member (4) for holding an object to be cut (21) is provided on the machine base (2) so as to be movable in the perspective direction with respect to the cutter (3) along the radial direction of the cutter, and the holding member (4) is provided. An automatic feeding device (6) for moving the cutter (3) closer to the cutter along the radial direction is provided, and the holding member (4) is set to the set amplitude in the perspective direction with respect to the cutter (3). A metal cutting device is constructed by providing an automatic reciprocating motion adding device (7) for reciprocating.

A female screw member (8) is fixedly provided in the central portion of the holding member (4), and the holding member (4) is rotationally driven by a feed shaft (5) screwed to the female screw member (8). ) Is provided with a chain (24) and a sprocket (10) that interlock the motor (M ₁ ) and the feed shaft (5) so that the cutter (3) can be moved closer to the cutter (3) in the radial direction, and automatic feed is performed. The device (6) is constructed.

The metal bearing (9) fixed to the end of the holding member (4) slidably receives the feed shaft (5).

The feed shaft (5) is supported by a slide bearing (11) fixed to the machine base (2) and an end bearing (11A) so as to be rotatable about its axis and slidable in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. There is.

A crank mechanism (C) for converting the rotational driving force by the second motor (M ₂ ) into a reciprocating movement force along the axial center direction of the feed shaft (5) is included in the above-mentioned universal motion adding device (7). ) Is provided, and a reciprocating motion transmission member (16) for transmitting the reciprocating movement force converted by the crank mechanism (C) to the feed shaft (5) is provided.

In order to transmit the rotational driving force from the second motor (M ₂ ) to the crank mechanism (C), the second sprocket (13) is provided on the crank drive shaft (13) provided on the crank (14) of the crank mechanism (C). 26) is attached and the second transmission chain (25) is hung on the second motor (M ₂ ) and the second sprocket (26).

The crank mechanism (C) and the reciprocating motion transmitting member (16) are interlockingly connected via a crank output shaft (15).

The reciprocating motion transmission member (16) is attached to a pair of support shafts (19) and (20) fixed to the machine base (2) on both sides of the feed shaft (5),
Slidably supported in the direction along the axis of the feed shaft (5) via slide bearings (17), (18),
Moreover, the reciprocating motion is transmitted to the feed shaft (5) via the radial bearing (12) and the slide bearings (12A), (12B) fitted onto the feed shaft (5).

With the configuration described above, when the feed shaft (5) is rotated at a constant velocity, the holding member (4) moves at a constant velocity in the axial direction of the feed shaft (5). The feed shaft (5) does not necessarily need to be rotated at a constant speed, but a case where the feed shaft (5) is rotated at a constant speed will be described below to simplify the description.

Furthermore, since the feed shaft (5) itself reciprocates in the radial direction of the cutter (3) with respect to the machine base (2) by the automatic reciprocating motion adding device (7), the holding member (4) becomes the machine base (2).
On the other hand, that is, the object (21) fixed to the holding member (4) moves relative to the cutter (3) fixed to the machine base (2) by the movement represented by the sum of the above two movements. Will be done. This is shown qualitatively in a graph.

FIG. 3 shows the displacement S ₁ of the holding member (4) with respect to the feed shaft (5).
Fig. 4 shows the displacement S ₂ of the feed shaft (5) on the machine base (2), and Fig. 5 shows the displacement of the holding member (4) with respect to the machine base (2).
Each of them is a graph in which the vertical axis is taken and the horizontal axis is time t. All displacements are positive in the direction approaching the cutter (3), and zero when t = 0.

Machine frame (2) displacement of the holding member (4) with respect to, i.e. the object to be cut (21), as the movement of the cutter radially shown in FIG. 5, the displacement S ₁ of Figure 3 Figure 4 Displacement S ₂ Sum S ₂
= S ₁ + S ₂ and the workpiece (21) approaches the cutter (3) while reciprocating in the perspective direction with respect to the cutter (3).

If the displacement shown in FIG. 5 is a monotonically increasing function of time, the characteristics of the present invention cannot be fully utilized, so that the maximum value and the minimum value are alternately and periodically expressed, that is, the cut object (21) is The conditions may be set so that the cutting work proceeds while being pressed against the cutter (3) or being pulled back from the cutter (3).

Although the graph is for qualitative explanation and the unit of time and displacement is not shown, in this embodiment, the feed of constant velocity motion is about 3 to 25 mm / min, and the amplitude of reciprocating motion is about 5 mm. From 1
0 mm, and the cycle is 100 to 400 per minute.

[Another embodiment]

A cam mechanism or the like is used for the feeding device (6) in place of the reciprocating motion adding device (7) by the crank mechanism in the above-described embodiment, and the rotation angle given to the feeding shaft (5) has a pattern as shown in FIG. In other words, the object of the present invention can be achieved by setting so that the rotation direction is periodically reversed and the rotation is advanced in the cutting direction.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a metal cutting device according to the present invention,
The figure is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the main parts, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of each main part, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are graphs showing the movement of the holding member. (1) …… Metal cutting device, (2) …… Machine stand, (3) ……
Cutter, (4) ... holding member, (5) ... feed shaft,
(6) …… Automatic feeder, (7) …… Reciprocating motion adding device, (31) …… Cutting section.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A holding member (4) for holding an object to be cut (21), which is provided with a disk-shaped cutter (3) having a cutting portion (31) in the peripheral portion thereof so as to be rotatable about its axis. And at least one of the holding member (4) and the cutter (3),
A metal cutting device (1) provided with an automatic feeding device (6) which is provided so as to be movable relatively far and far relative to the other along the radial direction of the cutter (3) and relatively moves them relatively. A metal cutting device provided with an automatic reciprocating motion adding device (7) for relatively reciprocating the holding member (4) and the cutter (3) in their perspective direction with a set amplitude. 2. The cutter (3) is fixed to a machine base (2), and the holding member (4) is movably attached to the machine base (2) in the perspective direction. The metal cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic reciprocating motion adding device (7) reciprocates the holding member (4) in the perspective direction with respect to the cutter (3).