JPH066953B2 - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotary compressor used in a refrigerating device such as a refrigerator or a showcase.

2. Description of the Related Art In a device that cools the inside of a refrigerator by cycling a compressor, when stopped, the high temperature refrigerant present on the high pressure side in the system flows into the low pressure cooler and becomes a heat load. Will increase. In order to prevent this phenomenon, a technique has been proposed in which the low-pressure side and high-pressure side refrigerant passages are closed in the compressor when stopped.

The conventional compressor described above will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, 1 is a rotary compressor, 2 is a closed container, 3 is a cylinder plate, 3a is a cylinder, 4 is a crankshaft, and a roller 5 is slidably disposed on an eccentric portion 4a thereof. Reference numeral 6 is a vane that partitions the interior of the compression chamber 7 into high and low pressure chambers. Reference numeral 8 is a suction valve that serves as a check valve, and closes a suction port that communicates with a suction pipe (not shown). Further, 9 is a discharge valve, and the refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 7 passes through the discharge valve 9 and is discharged into the sealing device 2. 1
Reference numeral 0 is a high pressure valve that is opened when the rotary compressor 1 is operating and closed when the rotary compressor 1 is stopped. The high-pressure valve 10 includes a high-pressure side outlet port 12 that communicates with a discharge pipe 11 that penetrates the closed vessel 2 and a high-pressure side inlet port 13 that always communicates with the closed vessel 2. In addition, the suction pipe 15 is connected to the pressure guiding pipe 14.
It has a low-pressure side port 16 which communicates with. A ball valve 17 alternately opens and closes the high pressure side outlet port 12 and the low pressure side port 16. A bias spring 18 always biases the ball valve 17 toward the high pressure side outlet port 12 side.

In such a configuration, when the compressor 1 is stopped, the pressure in the pressure guiding tube 14 and the pressure in the closed container 2 are balanced, and the force of the bias spring 18 and the difference between the pressure in the closed container 2 and the pressure on the cooling system side. The ball valve 17 closes the high pressure side outlet port 12 by the force generated by Therefore, the high-pressure high-temperature gas filling the space of the closed container 2 is
It does not flow out to the cooling system via the discharge pipe 11. At this time, the suction valve 8 that operates as a check valve is also closed, and the outflow to the cooling system via the suction pipe (not shown) is also prevented.

Next, the startup will be described. Due to the start-up, the pressure in the low pressure chamber in the compression chamber 7 decreases and the pressures in the suction passage 15 and the pressure guiding pipe 14 decrease, causing a pressure difference between the high pressure side inlet port 13 side and the low pressure port 16 side of the high pressure valve 10, resulting in a high pressure. The ball valve 17 attached to the side outlet port 12 is attached to the bias spring 18
, The high pressure side outlet port 12 is closed, the ball valve 17 is adsorbed and sealed to the low pressure side port 16,
It is a normal operation.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, the ball valve 17 is pulled out from the high pressure side outlet port due to the existence of the clearance between the ball valve 17 and the valve cylinder 19 on which the ball valve 17 slides. The pressure of the low pressure side port, which is the valve opening force, is difficult to reduce and it is necessary to keep the clearance to a minimum, but this not only increases the processing cost of processing accuracy, matching assembly, etc. In the worst case, the ball valve 17 may enter from the inner rotary sliding portion, and in the ball valve 17, a phenomenon similar to the hydraulic lock phenomenon found in a general spool valve may occur, and the ball valve 17 may be inoperable. Further, in order to avoid the reduction of the clearance, it is conceivable to increase the effective pressure receiving area of the ball valve 17. However, this not only increases the space for assembling the high pressure valve 10, but also increases the weight, which causes a problem in operation. There are also problems such as the generation of impact noise. Further, in the illustrated conventional example, since a soft metal such as brass that can easily form a three-dimensional curved surface is used as the port of the ball valve 17, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are increased. In addition, the cost of the pressure guiding pipe 14 is unavoidably increased, and the reduction of the required pressure due to the pressure loss of the passage deteriorates.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to obtain the necessary pressure difference at the time of startup without reducing the clearance or increasing the effective pressure receiving area of the valve, and also to reduce the mounting space and facilitate the assembly. Furthermore, the purpose is to further reduce the number of parts and the manufacturing cost.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a rotary compressor of the present invention includes a closed container, a compression element and a motor housed in the closed container, and the compression element is a crankshaft. A side plate having a bearing portion that axially supports, a cylinder plate that rotatably houses the rotor, and the side plate and the cylinder plate are polymerized to form a compression chamber,
A vane for partitioning the compression chamber into a low-pressure chamber and a high-pressure chamber, and an intake valve and a discharge valve that communicate with the low-pressure chamber and the high-pressure chamber and that are arranged close to the vane and perform a check valve action. A high-pressure side inlet port that always communicates with the closed container, and a low-pressure side port that has a high-pressure side outlet port that always communicates with the discharge pipe in the side plate and that directly communicates with the compression chamber. The inlet port and the low pressure port are simultaneously closed on one side, and a disk-shaped high pressure valve capable of closing the low pressure side port on the other end side is housed in the valve cylinder, and the high pressure side is constantly directed toward the high pressure side outlet port. A bias spring having a natural length and capable of energizing the valve and locking the high pressure valve in the valve cylinder is provided.

Operation According to the present invention, since the high-pressure inlet port and the outlet port are simultaneously closed at the time of start-up by the above-mentioned configuration, the pressure drop of the low-pressure side port can be realized extremely rapidly,
Therefore, it is possible to open the high-pressure valve strongly adsorbed to the high-pressure outlet port by the force generated by the difference between the system internal pressure that is reduced when stopped and the internal pressure of the closed container that is maintained at a high pressure. After disconnecting, the low-pressure side port is closed immediately. Immediately after the stop, the pressure in the cylinder rapidly balances with the pressure in the closed container via, for example, the clearance between the vane and the cylinder. On the other hand, since the volume to the low-pressure side port can be set to the minimum, the pressure balance between the low-pressure side port and the closed container can be achieved in a short time, and therefore the separation from the low-pressure side port can be performed in a short time, and the bias The high-pressure side inlet and outlet ports are rapidly closed by the spring force. Furthermore, the natural length of the bias spring is such that the high pressure valve can be locked in the valve cylinder that houses the high pressure valve, so the high pressure valve is set against the spring force, and the side plate is superposed and assembled on the cylinder plate. No need.

Example An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 50 is a rotary compressor, 51
Is an airtight container, 52 is an electric element including a rotor 52a and a stator 52b, and 53 is a compression element. 54 is the rotor 5
The side plate 55 by the crank shaft press-fitted and fixed to 2a,
The bearings 55a and 56a formed on the shaft 56 are rotatably supported. Reference numeral 57 denotes a cylinder plate, on which a rotor 58 mounted on an eccentric portion 54a of the crankshaft 54 is rotatably mounted. Reference numeral 59 denotes the compression chamber 6 defined by the outer periphery of the rotor 58, the inner periphery of the cylinder 59, and the side plates 55 and 56.
A vane that divides 0 into a low pressure chamber 61 and a high pressure chamber 62.
9a is a vane groove. 63 is a side plate 55, 5
6, bolts for superimposing and fixing the cylinder plate 57. Reference numeral 64 denotes a suction pipe that guides the refrigerant gas from the evaporator 65 to the compression chamber 60, which is press-fitted and fixed to the press-fitting bore 65 of the side plate 55. Cylinder plate 57 of press-fit bore 65
The end surface of the side end plate constitutes the valve seat surface of the disc-shaped suction valve 66. The suction valve 66 is housed in a suction passage 67 which is connected to the press-fitting bore 65, is close to the vane 59, and communicates with the cylinder 59, and a bias spring 68 for keeping the valve 66 closed by a weak force. Is stored. Reference numeral 69 is a step portion that regulates the movement of the suction valve 66 when it is opened. Reference numeral 70 denotes a discharge valve that discharges the compressed refrigerant gas in the compression chamber 60 into the closed container 51 directly or via a precooler pipe (not shown) (second).
Figure). Reference numeral 71 is a high-pressure valve device, which is arranged at substantially the same height as the crankshaft 54. This high pressure valve 71
The side plate 55 includes a high-pressure side inlet port 72 extending in the axial direction of the crankshaft 54 and a high-pressure side outlet port 74 communicating with a discharge pipe 73 penetrating the hermetic container 51. Further, the cylinder plate 57 is provided with a common valve cylinder 75 formed corresponding to each of the adjacent ports 72 and 74, and a low pressure side port 76 is formed at the bottom of the valve cylinder 75. Reference numeral 77 is a disk-shaped high-pressure valve, which has the inlet and outlet ports 72,
74 can be closed and the low pressure side port 76 can be closed on the other side. 78 is always the high pressure side inlet and outlet ports 72, 7
4 is a bias spring for urging so as to close 4. The natural length of the bias spring 78 is as shown in FIG.
When the bias spring 78 is housed in the valve cylinder 75 and the high-pressure valve 71 is placed on the upper end of the bias spring 78, the outer edge of the high-pressure valve 71 is regulated to the length housed in the valve cylinder 75. . Reference numeral 79 denotes a pressure guiding path that communicates directly with the low pressure side port 76 and the opening 76a on the side plate 56 side of one side to the low pressure chamber 61 of the cylinder 39, and the opening 76a is closed by the side plate 56.

The operation of the rotary compressor configured as described above will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows a stopped state, the low pressure valve 66 acting as a check valve is closed, and the high pressure valve 77 closes both the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74 at the same time. There is. At this time, the high pressure valve 77 controls the pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the high pressure side port 74, that is, the evaporator 65.
Condensation saturation pressure at the temperature of the cooling chamber where
The closed container 51 is closed by a force due to a pressure difference from the saturated pressure at the temperature of the closed container 51 and a slight bias spring 78 force.

Therefore, the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing into the condenser 80 and the evaporator 65, and the heat load invading the evaporator 65 is reduced.

Next, the startup will be described.

The crankshaft 54 is rotated by energization of the electric element 52, and the pressure in the low pressure chamber 61 of the compression chamber 60 is reduced. This pressure drop occurs even in a relatively rough clearance (for example, about 0.1 mm) between the high pressure valve 77 and the valve cylinder 75.
Since the high pressure side inlet port 72 is closed, it is surely performed in an extremely short time. This pressure drop is naturally caused by the pressure guiding passage 7
9, the pressure in the low pressure side port 76 and the valve cylinder 75 decreases, and the high pressure side inlet port 72, that is, the pressure difference in the closed container 51 and the pressure in the valve cylinder 75 acts on the high pressure valve 77, and the high pressure side outlet port 72 is strongly The high pressure valve 77 adsorbed on the side is released.

After the initial pull-out operation of the high pressure valve 77, the dynamic pressure of the gas flow is also added, and the high pressure valve 77 closes the low pressure side port 76 against the force of the bias spring 78, completing the valve opening operation. On the other hand, the intake valve 66 is also opened, and the normal cooling operation is performed.

Next, the operation when stopped will be described.

When the rotation of the crankshaft 54 is stopped, the suction valve 66 is closed by stopping the gas flow in the suction pipe 64. Also cylinder 6
The oil seal that divides 0 into the high-pressure chamber 61 and the low-pressure chamber 61 is broken, and the high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 pressurizes the low-pressure chamber 61 by the clearance between the vane 59 and the vane groove 59a. This boosting action extends to the low pressure side port 76 through the pressure guiding path 79 and the volume of the pressure guiding tube 79 can be made small, so that the pressure rising time can be shortened. Low pressure side port 76
When the internal pressure and the internal pressure of the sealed container 51 are equalized, the high pressure valve 77 causes the low pressure side port 76 by the force of the bias spring 78.
The high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74 are simultaneously closed.

Therefore, the high-pressure high-temperature gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing out to the condenser 80 and the evaporator 65 while the compressor is stopped.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, the high-pressure side inlet port that always communicates with the closed container, the high-pressure side inlet port that always communicates with the discharge pipe, and the low-pressure chamber that directly communicates with the low-pressure chamber of the compression chamber through the pressure guiding path. A high pressure side inlet port and a low pressure port simultaneously closed on one side surface, and a disk-shaped high pressure valve capable of closing the low pressure side port on the other end surface; and this valve formed on a cylinder plate. With a bias spring having a natural length that can be stored in the valve cylinder,
As in the conventional example, without reducing the clearance between the ball valve and the valve cylinder on which this valve slides,
The pressure drop in the low pressure side port, which is the driving force for opening the high pressure valve, can be reliably performed in an extremely short time. Therefore, not only a stable valve opening operation can be obtained, but also machining accuracy and assembly accuracy can be moderated and productivity can be improved. Furthermore, the locking phenomenon of the valve due to foreign matter does not occur. Further, the effective area of the valve is not increased, the valve can be made compact, and the operating noise is not increased. On the other hand, in the valve opening operation, since the pressure guiding path that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber of the compression chamber is formed,
Not only the parts such as the pressure guiding tube are unnecessary, but also the volume of the pressure guiding path can be reduced, the pressure rising time of the pressure in the low pressure side port after the stop can be shortened, and the closing time of the high pressure side outlet port can be shortened.

Furthermore, when assembling, hold the cylinder plate substantially horizontally so that the low pressure side port formed on the cylinder plate is located below, and when the bias spring and the high pressure valve are sequentially housed in the valve cylinder, the high pressure valve is placed outside the valve cylinder. There is no deviation, and there are practical effects such as being extremely convenient when superposing and assembling the side plates on the cylinder plate.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are II-II 'lines and III of FIG.
-III 'cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing the valve open state of the high-pressure valve device, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an essential part of the cylinder plate, and FIG. 6 is a state when the high-pressure valve is assembled. The sectional view shown in FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor. 51 ... closed container, 53 ... compression element, 52 ... electric element, 54 ... crank shaft, 55,56 ... side plate, 57 ...... Cylinder plate, 60 ...... Compression chamber, 61
...... Low pressure chamber, 62 ...... High pressure chamber, 59 ...... Vane, 66 ...
... Suction valve, 70 ... Discharge valve, 72 ... High pressure side inlet port, 74 ... High pressure side outlet port, 64 ... Discharge pipe, 79
...... Pressure guide passage, 77 ...... High pressure valve, 78 ...... Bias spring, 75 ...... Valve cylinder, 76 ...... Low pressure side port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hermetically sealed container, a compression element housed in the hermetically sealed container, and an electric element. The compression element includes a side plate having a bearing portion for supporting a crankshaft, and a rotor rotatable. A cylinder plate, a compression chamber formed by superposing the side plate and the cylinder plate, a vane for partitioning the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, and a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber respectively communicating with each other. A suction valve and a discharge valve that are arranged close to the vane and have a check valve function, and have a high-pressure side inlet port that is in constant communication with the closed container and a high-pressure side outlet port that is in constant communication with the discharge pipe. A low pressure side port, which is provided on the side plate and communicates directly with the compression chamber through a pressure guiding path, is provided at the bottom of the valve cylinder formed in the cylinder plate, and the high pressure side inlet port and the low pressure port are provided. Closed simultaneously in side, as well as housing the low-pressure side port pressure valve disc shaped closable at the other end surface in the valve cylinder, urges the high-pressure valve to the normally high-pressure side outlet port direction,
A rotary compressor having a natural length bias spring capable of locking the high-pressure valve in the valve cylinder.