JPH0669658B2 - Tool device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tool device that is attached to and detached from a machine tool by an automatic tool changing device, and for example, makes fine holes in a work or performs fine polishing. Used in cases.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, numerically controlled machine tools such as machining centers and CNC lathes have been equipped with automatic tool changers to select various tools to perform various types of machining, The large number of tools are replaced one after another, and long-term automatic operation is performed. In such a conventional machine tool, a tool mounted by an automatic tool changer is mounted on a predetermined machining position such as a spindle of a machine tool main body or a tool stand, and then a workpiece is machined by rotating the spindle. It has become. Therefore, the spindle must be rotated even when, for example, making a fine hole in a work, performing a minute chamfering process, or polishing a minute portion. Therefore, unless a special speed-increasing device is added, it cannot be rotated at a speed higher than the rotation speed of the spindle, resulting in slow machining speed, reduced machining accuracy, short spindle life, and wasteful consumption of power for the spindle. There was a problem such as doing.

(Means for Solving Problems) In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a built-in electric motor different from the main spindle of the machine tool main body, and performs fine machining by the electric motor without rotating the main spindle. The technical means thereof is a tool device 4a detachably mounted on the spindle 2 or the like of the machine tool 1, and the tool device 4a is a motor 8
A storage means 9 for storing data for controlling the electric motor 8; and a connector 12 for electrically connecting the electric motor 8 and the storage means 9 to the control devices 5, 17 of the machine tool 1. It is characterized by having ,.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

In FIG. 1, a numerically controlled machine tool 1 controls a machine tool body 3 having a spindle 2, an automatic tool changer 4 having a large number of tools 4b, 4c ... It is composed of a numerical control device 5 and the like. Spindle 2
A tool 4a is attached to the tool 4 by a manipulator (not shown) of the automatic tool changer 4, and the work W is about to make a hole having a minute diameter by a minute diameter drill blade 6 attached to the tip of the tool 4a. The tool 4a is provided with a taper shank portion 7 and a grip portion 7a by a manipulator, has a built-in high-frequency motor 8 capable of coaxial high-speed rotation, and has the above-mentioned drill blade 6 attached to the tip of the chuck portion 6a. There is. The tool 4a is also provided with a memory 9 including a PROM storing the optimum rotation speed of the high frequency motor 8 and a display device 10 including a liquid crystal for displaying the contents of the memory 9. A connector 11 for connecting to the high frequency electric motor 8 and the memory 9 is provided at a position deviated from the axis of the tool 4a, and the tool 4a is provided on the main spindle 2 and at the same time provided on the tool machine body 3. It is adapted to be connected to the receiving connector 12.

Referring also to FIG. 2, the receiving connector 12 is provided with a ring electrode 12a that opens downward.
A flow path 12b for blowing air from 2a is provided,
A tube 14, an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 15, and an air pressure source 16 are connected to the flow path 12b via a connector 13. This is a tool
Immediately before the 4a is mounted on the main shaft 2, that is, immediately before the pin electrode 11a of the connector 11 is inserted into the ring electrode 12a, the solenoid opening / closing valve 15 is turned on for a short time, and air is blown out from the ring electrode 12a. This is for air-purging powder, dust, oil, etc. to make the electrical connection more reliable.

Referring also to FIG. 3, the receiving connector 12 is connected to the output of a controller 17 for receiving a control signal from the numerical controller 5 to control and drive the high frequency electric motor 8. The controller 17 includes an interface unit 18 including a photocoupler for inputting a control signal from the numerical control device 5, an IO unit 19, a signal output unit 20 including a relay for outputting an ACK signal to the numerical control device 5, and a microprocessor. The central processing unit 21, the storage units 22 and 23, the IO unit 24, and the DF conversion unit 25 that decodes the digital signal and outputs the sine wave signal of the specified frequency by the output from the DF conversion unit 25 Divider unit 26 and divider unit that generate phase alternating current
From a drive unit 27 that amplifies the output from 26 and drives the high-frequency motor 8, a drive unit 28 including the divider unit 26 and the drive unit 27, a decoder unit 29 for displaying the rotation speed, and a display unit 30. The output line 31 of the drive unit 27 and the read line 32 for connecting to the IO unit 24 for reading the contents of the memory 9 are connected to the receiving connector 12.

In the numerical controller 5, for example, a command from a programmed paper tape is read, and the machine tool main body 3 is read according to the contents of the command.
It also controls the automatic tool changer 4 or outputs a control signal to the controller 17. For example, the operation of the program shown in FIG. 4 will be described. When the numerical controller 5 reads "M50" from the paper tape, the BCD signal and INH signal corresponding to "50" are output, and the controller 17 reads "50" at the timing when the REQ signal is on. The central processing unit 21 decodes "50" to put the controller 17 into an operating state, enable subsequent commands and disable previous commands, and output an ACK signal from the signal output unit 20. Then, "M
When "70" is read, it is confirmed that this is a command to start the high-frequency motor 8, and the rotation speed and rotation direction (for example, 35,000 rpm normal rotation) stored in the memory 9 are read out, and "35" is displayed on the display unit 30. Is displayed, and the DF converter 25 and the drive unit 28 are actuated to rotate the high-frequency motor 8 at a rotational speed of 35.
Start rotating at 000 rpm. After that, the work W or the spindle 2 is moved by a command to the machine tool body 3, and the drill blade 6
By this, the work W is drilled at a predetermined position. Then, when "M55" is read, the high frequency electric motor 8 is stopped, and when "M51" is read further, the control 17 goes into a standby state. During this period, the main shaft 2 is stopped without rotating, and the high-frequency motor 8 rotates at high speed to perform processing. When the machining with the tool 4a is completed, the automatic tool changer 4 receives the tool change command and replaces the tool 4a with another tool.

According to the above-described embodiment, the machining of the hole in the work W is performed by the spindle 2
Since it is caused by the rotation of the high frequency electric motor 8 regardless of the rotation of the main spindle 2, the main spindle 2 can perform the high-speed rotation that cannot rotate, the processing speed is fast, the vibration due to the rotation of the main spindle 2 does not occur, and the processing accuracy is high. Is improved and the spindle 2 is not damaged, so that the life of the spindle 2 is extended and power consumption can be saved. The tool 4a having the built-in high-frequency motor 8 can be replaced by the tool changing device 4 like other tools 4b, 4c, etc., and the high-frequency motor 8 can be freely controlled by a control signal from the numerical controller 5. , Fully automatic operation is possible. Since the M signal is used, a program can be easily created and read by the numerical control device 5, and the tool 4a can be controlled by preparing the controller 17 without making any changes to the numerical control device 5. Is. For the setting of the rotation speed, the optimum value is stored in advance in the memory 10 and is read out.Therefore, there is no risk of abnormal high speed or low speed due to program mistakes or artificial changes, and the program will not start or stop. It's easy because you only have to program the instructions. Since the rotation speed stored in the memory 9 is displayed even by the tool 4a alone by the display device 10 provided in the tool 4a, the tool 4a
The rotation speed can be known just by looking at, and the attached drill blade 6 can be checked. Since air is blown out from the receiving connector 12 before the connector 11 is inserted, chips and dust are not attached and the connection is ensured.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the method and contents of the control signal from the numerical control device 5 to the controller 17 can be various other. As the memory 9 that stores the rotation speed
Although the PROM is used, a plurality of digital switches, rotary switches, variable resistors, or the like may be used instead of the PROM, and the display device 10 can display numerical values or scales according to the positions and pointers of these knobs. It can be anything. The maximum or minimum rotation speed may be stored in such a memory 9, and the rotation speed may be set by a program within this range. Also, the type of high-frequency motor 8,
The optimum driver may be selected from a large number of drivers in the controller 17 by storing the rated value and the like. For example, when a DC motor is used instead of the high frequency motor 8, the drive unit 28 corresponding to the DC motor may be selected by the memory 9, and a DA converter or the like may be selected instead of the DF converter 25. The controller
Although the central processing unit 21 composed of a microprocessor is used for 17, a hardware logic may be used instead.

Instead of the drill blade 6 attached to the tip of the tool 4a, a grindstone may be attached to chamfer or grind the work W.
The tool 4a may be attached to, for example, a tool stand of a CNC lathe, instead of being attached to the spindle 2, and to perform machining such as drilling or chamfering on a work held or rotated by the spindle.

Further, the position and orientation of the cutting tool attached to the tool 4a may be changed by the electric motor provided in the tool 4a. In that case, the rotation angle of the electric motor that provides the position and orientation to be controlled is stored in the memory. You can store it in.

(Effect of the invention) According to the present invention, since the tool device has a built-in electric motor separate from the main spindle of the machine tool main body, in the case of fine drilling or fine polishing of the work, the spindle cannot rotate at a high speed. It can also be processed by rotation, the processing speed is fast, vibration due to rotation of the spindle does not occur, processing accuracy is improved, the spindle is not damaged, the life of the spindle is extended, and power consumption can be saved. . A tool device with a built-in electric motor
The tool changer can be replaced like other tools, and commands such as starting and stopping of the electric motor can be freely given by a control signal from the numerical control device, and fully automatic operation is possible. Since the data such as the rotation speed of the electric motor is stored in the storage means provided in the tool device, the numerical control device of the machine tool can operate only by a start or stop command, and the program is easy, It is possible to prevent abnormal high speed or low speed due to program mistakes or artificial changes. Further, by providing the tool device with the display means, the rotation speed of the electric motor of the tool device can be easily known, and it is safe to confirm whether or not the tool device and the blade are predetermined ones.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a numerically controlled machine tool equipped with a tool device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged portion of a connector, and FIG. 3 is a tool. FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of an apparatus and a controller, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a program. 1 ... Numerical control machine tool, 2 ... Spindle, 3 ... Machine tool body, 4 ... Automatic tool changer, 4a ... Tool (tool device), 5 ... Numerical control unit, 8 ... High frequency motor ( Electric motor), 9 ... memory (storage means), 10 ... display device (display means), 11 ... connector, 12 ... receiving connector, 17 ...
…controller.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tool device detachably mounted on a spindle or the like of a machine tool, the tool device including an electric motor, a storage unit storing data for controlling the electric motor, the electric motor and the electric motor. A tool device comprising a storage means and a connector for electrically connecting the control device of the machine tool. 2. The tool device according to claim 1, wherein the data includes a rotation speed of the electric motor. 3. The tool device according to claim 2, further comprising display means for displaying the rotation speed stored by the storage means. 4. The tool device according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is a high frequency electric motor.