JPH0673533B2 - Artificial joint - Google Patents
Artificial jointInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0673533B2 JPH0673533B2 JP61315073A JP31507386A JPH0673533B2 JP H0673533 B2 JPH0673533 B2 JP H0673533B2 JP 61315073 A JP61315073 A JP 61315073A JP 31507386 A JP31507386 A JP 31507386A JP H0673533 B2 JPH0673533 B2 JP H0673533B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stem
- artificial joint
- bone
- insert
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、人体に適用する人工股関節、人工肩関節など
の人工関節に関するものである。The present invention relates to artificial joints such as artificial hip joints and artificial shoulder joints applied to the human body.
従来から用いられている例えば第４図（イ）に示した如
き人工関節は寛骨などに埋入したソケット（不図示）、
該ソケットに対し回動自在に嵌合する摺動部（球面形
状）Ｋを先端に備えたステムＳとで構成されている。A conventional artificial joint such as that shown in FIG. 4 (a) is a socket (not shown) embedded in the hipbone,
The stem S is provided with a sliding portion (spherical shape) K that is rotatably fitted in the socket and has a tip S.
このうちステムＳはステンレス鋼、コバルトクロム合金
などの金属から成り、長管骨Ａの骨髄腔Ｂ中に挿入し、
ステムＳと長管骨Ａとの間にセメントＣを介在させて固
定し、一方のソケットも同様にセメントを用いて固定す
るのが一般的である。Of these, the stem S is made of metal such as stainless steel or cobalt chrome alloy, and is inserted into the bone marrow cavity B of the long bone B.
It is general that cement C is interposed between the stem S and the long bone B, and that one socket is similarly fixed using cement.
しかし、セメントＣでの固定は初期においては十分に強
いものでも長期においては緩みの生じるものがあり、こ
の緩みの発生が人工関節のもつ主要な問題点となってい
る。However, even if the fixation with cement C is sufficiently strong at the initial stage, loosening may occur in the long term, and the occurrence of this loosening is a major problem of the artificial joint.
緩みの原因としては、 長管骨Ａ、セメントＣ及びステムＳのヤング率の違い
によって、荷重を受けた場合の変形量が異なりこれら３
つの材質間の接合面に剪断力が発生すること ステムＳと長管骨Ａの骨髄腔Ｂとのデザインの不整合
によってセメントＣの厚みが不均一となり、薄いセメン
ト層の破壊や、伝達荷重の増加が発生すること セメントＣのもつ重合熱やモノマーの流出によって骨
の破壊が進むこと などが上げられている。As the cause of the looseness, the amount of deformation when a load is applied is different depending on the Young's modulus of the long bone B, the cement C, and the stem S.
Shear force is generated at the joint surface between two materials. The thickness of the cement C becomes non-uniform due to the design mismatch between the stem S and the bone marrow cavity B of the long bone B, resulting in the destruction of the thin cement layer and the transfer load. Increasing occurrence of bone Cement C has been promoted to cause bone destruction due to heat of polymerization and outflow of monomer.
これらの原因を除去するための対策として ヤング率が骨と近いチタン合金の選択 セメント層を均一にし、セメント圧を高めるため適正
なステムデザインの考案 セメントＣを使用せず骨髄腔ＢへステムＳを打込むこ
とによって固定するセメントレスステムの考案などがな
されている。As a measure to eliminate these causes, select a titanium alloy whose Young's modulus is close to that of bone. Devise an appropriate stem design to make the cement layer uniform and increase the cement pressure. Stem S to bone marrow cavity B without using cement C. A device such as a cementless stem that is fixed by being driven in has been devised.
上記長管骨ＡとセメントＣ、ステムＳとの緩みを解決す
る有力な手段としてステムＳのデザイン（形状）が第一
にあげられるが、従来のステムＳでは、特に長管骨Ａ骨
端部付近の骨髄腔Ｂが広がっている部分でのステムデザ
インの改良の余地を残している。The design (shape) of the stem S is the first effective means for solving the loosening of the long bone B, the cement C, and the stem S. In the conventional stem S, the bone end of the long bone B is particularly There is room for improvement of the stem design in the area where the bone marrow cavity B in the vicinity is widened.
即ち、第４図（ハ）に示すように、従来のステムＳは、
長管骨Ａの骨幹部付近の骨髄腔Ｂには、円錐状のステム
遠位部S2を多種類用意することによってフィットするこ
とが可能であるが、第４図（ロ）に示すように骨端部付
近の複雑な骨髄腔Ｂには、従来の単純なステム近位部S1
ではフィットには限界がある。That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), the conventional stem S is
It is possible to fit the bone marrow cavity B near the diaphysis of the long bone B by preparing many kinds of conical stem distal parts S 2 , but as shown in FIG. In the complicated bone marrow cavity B near the epiphysis, the conventional simple stem proximal part S 1
Then there is a limit to the fit.
本発明は骨端部でもステムが骨と十分にフィットし、こ
れによりセメントレスでステムの固定力を高め、また、
セメントを使用する場合でも、骨への荷重伝達を小さく
することで、セメントの破壊を未然に防ぎ、ステムの緩
みを防止すべく人工関節のステムに対し、両側面に突起
を有し、該突起が骨髄腔壁に当接し安定固定を図るため
の挿入体を着脱自在に装着する。The present invention allows the stem to sufficiently fit the bone even at the epiphyses, thereby increasing the fixing force of the stem without cement, and
Even when cement is used, the load transmission to the bone is reduced to prevent the destruction of the cement and to prevent the stem from loosening. Abuts on the wall of the bone marrow cavity and detachably mounts an insert for stable fixation.
かかるステムからなる人工関節の作用として、 十分な支持力の得られるセメントレス固定が可能とな
る。As an action of the artificial joint composed of such a stem, cementless fixation with sufficient supporting force is possible.
セメントの持つ欠点である重合熱やモノマーの流出を
防ぐことができる。It is possible to prevent the heat of polymerization and the outflow of monomers, which are the drawbacks of cement.
骨との接触面積を大きくすることにより、骨への伝達
荷重を減し、骨の吸収、変形等も防止する。By increasing the contact area with the bone, the load transmitted to the bone is reduced and the bone is prevented from being absorbed or deformed.
セメントを使用する場合でも、セメントの接触面を増
大させることができ、その結果、セメントとステム間の
固定力が高められる。Even when cement is used, the contact surface of the cement can be increased, and as a result, the fixing force between the cement and the stem is increased.
以下、図によって本発明実施例を説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図（イ）は本発明人工関節としての人工股関節の例
を示し、１は大腿骨に挿入固定するためのステムで、こ
のステム１の上方部には横孔1aがあけてある。この横孔
1aはテーパ壁面1bをもった先細状を成し、突起2aが両側
に形成された挿入体２が挿入固定されるようになってい
るが、この挿入体２は第１図（ロ）に示す如く、横孔1a
のテーパ壁面1bに対し挿入体２のテーパ面2bが当接する
ことによってステム１に固定されるようになっている。
このようにステム１の横孔1a中に取付けられる挿入体２
は予め突起2aの大きさ、形状の異なったものが数多く準
備され、長管骨への取付手術時に骨髄腔の大きさ、すな
わち腔壁に両側が当接し、安定的に固定され得る挿入体
２が選択されて使用される。FIG. 1 (a) shows an example of an artificial hip joint as an artificial joint of the present invention, 1 is a stem for inserting and fixing it in a femur, and a lateral hole 1a is formed in an upper portion of the stem 1. This lateral hole
1a has a tapered shape with a tapered wall surface 1b, and an insert body 2 having projections 2a formed on both sides is inserted and fixed. The insert body 2 is shown in FIG. 1 (b). As you can see, horizontal hole 1a
The taper surface 2b of the insert body 2 is brought into contact with the taper wall surface 1b to be fixed to the stem 1.
The insert body 2 thus mounted in the lateral hole 1a of the stem 1
A large number of projections 2a having different sizes and shapes are prepared in advance, and at the time of surgery for attachment to a long bone, the size of the bone marrow cavity, that is, both sides abut on the cavity wall, so that the insert body 2 can be stably fixed. Is selected and used.
また、第２図には人工肩関節の例を示し、上腕骨に挿入
固定されるステム10に設けた横孔10aに突起20aを有する
挿入体20を取付けたもので、上腕骨の髄腔に挿入した
際、挿入体20の突起2aが腔壁に当接した状態で安定的に
固定される。この場合も上腕骨の髄腔の大きさに応じて
最適の大きさの突起20aをもった挿入体20が選択され、
横孔10aに取付けられたものが使用される。Further, FIG. 2 shows an example of an artificial shoulder joint, in which the insert 20 having the protrusion 20a is attached to the lateral hole 10a provided in the stem 10 to be inserted and fixed in the humerus, and is inserted in the medullary cavity of the humerus. When inserted, the protrusion 2a of the insert 20 is stably fixed in a state of contacting the cavity wall. Also in this case, the insert 20 having the projection 20a of the optimum size is selected according to the size of the medullary cavity of the humerus,
The one attached to the lateral hole 10a is used.
このように長管骨に挿入される挿入体２（20）としては
第３図（イ）（ロ）に各々示すようにイボ状、段状をし
た突起2aを形成したもの、あるいは同図（ハ）に示した
ように突起2aの表面にポーラス構造を有するアルミナ、
アパタイトあるいはビーナスを付着せしめたり、純チタ
ン、チタン合金、コバルトクロム合金などのメッシュイ
体３を付着形成してもよく、この場合、ポーラス構造の
もちポアサイズとしては骨の増生等を考慮して100〜300
μｍのものが好ましい。As described above, as the insert 2 (20) to be inserted into the long bone, the insert 2 (20) formed with the wart-like or step-like projection 2a as shown in FIG. As shown in (c), alumina having a porous structure on the surface of the protrusion 2a,
Apatite or Venus may be attached, or a mesh body 3 such as pure titanium, titanium alloy, or cobalt chrome alloy may be attached and formed. In this case, the porous structure has a pore size of 100 to 100 in consideration of bone growth and the like. 300
It is preferably μm.
また、他の形状の挿入体２としては同図（ニ）に示すよ
うな先細状をしたピンであってもよく、このピンから成
る挿入体２をステム１（10）にあけた複数個の横孔1a
（10a）には少なくとも１個以上のピン形状をした挿入
体２を自由に着脱して選択できるため、骨髄腔の寸法形
状に適合した状態で、安定的にステム１を長管骨に装着
し固定することができる。The insert 2 having another shape may be a tapered pin as shown in FIG. 4D, and a plurality of inserts 2 made of this pin may be formed in the stem 1 (10). Side hole 1a
Since at least one or more pin-shaped inserts 2 can be freely attached to and detached from (10a), the stem 1 can be stably attached to the long bone in a state adapted to the size and shape of the bone marrow cavity. Can be fixed.
叙上のように本発明によれば、人工関節と骨端部髄腔と
の固定力を著しく増大することができるため、人工関節
の緩みの発生を防止し、長期安定生をもたらし医療に寄
与することろ大である。As described above, according to the present invention, since the fixing force between the artificial joint and the medullary cavity of the epiphysis can be significantly increased, the occurrence of loosening of the artificial joint is prevented, which contributes to long-term stable living and contributes to medical treatment. It's a big deal.
第１図（イ）は本発明実施例による人工股関節ステムの
斜視図、第１図（ロ）は同図（イ）におけるＸ−Ｘ線部
分の断面図、第２図は本発明実施例による人工肩関節の
斜視図、第３図（イ）（ロ）（ハ）（ニ）はそれぞれ本
発明による人工関節のステムを構成する挿入体の他の実
施例を示す斜視図、第４図（イ）は従来の人工股関節の
ステムを長管骨に装着した状態例を示す一部破断斜視
図、第４図（ロ）は同図（イ）におけるＹ−Ｙ線断面
図、第４図（ハ）は同図（イ）におけるＺ−Ｚ線断面図
である。 １、10……ステム ２、20……挿入体FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of an artificial hip joint stem according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 2 is according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are perspective views of an artificial shoulder joint, respectively, showing perspective views of another embodiment of the insert body constituting the stem of the artificial joint according to the present invention, and FIG. (A) is a partially broken perspective view showing an example of a state in which a stem of a conventional artificial hip joint is attached to a long bone, FIG. 4 (b) is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. (C) is a sectional view taken along line ZZ in FIG. 1,10 …… Stem 2,20 …… Insert
Claims (3)
のステムと、該ステムの先端部に摺動部を備えた人工関
節において、上記ステムの一部に、両側に突起を有する
挿入体を着脱自在に装着したことを特徴とする人工関
節。1. An artificial joint having a metal stem to be inserted and fixed in a bone marrow cavity of a long bone and a sliding portion at a distal end portion of the stem, wherein a part of the stem is provided with protrusions on both sides. An artificial joint characterized in that the insert body is detachably attached.
などのセラミックス、チタン合金、コバルトクロム合金
などの金属材、超高分子量ポリエチレンなどの有機物の
うち、いずれかからなることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の人工関節。2. The insert is made of any one of ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, metal materials such as titanium alloys and cobalt chromium alloys, and organic materials such as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. The artificial joint according to item 1 above.
ト、アルミナ、バイオガラス、TiO,TiN,シリコン、超高
分子量ポリエチレン等の皮膜が被着してあることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の人工関節。3. The coating according to claim 1, wherein a film of hydroxyapatite, alumina, bioglass, TiO, TiN, silicon, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene or the like is deposited on the surface of the insert. Artificial joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61315073A JPH0673533B2 (en) | 1986-12-26 | 1986-12-26 | Artificial joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61315073A JPH0673533B2 (en) | 1986-12-26 | 1986-12-26 | Artificial joint |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63164946A JPS63164946A (en) | 1988-07-08 |
| JPH0673533B2 true JPH0673533B2 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
Family
ID=18061091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61315073A Expired - Fee Related JPH0673533B2 (en) | 1986-12-26 | 1986-12-26 | Artificial joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0673533B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2638351A1 (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1990-05-04 | Jose Adrey | FEMORAL HIP PROSTHESIS |
| US6190417B1 (en) | 1999-07-19 | 2001-02-20 | Kyocera Corporation | Femoral prosthesis device |
| EP1498090A1 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-19 | WALDEMAR LINK GmbH & Co. KG | Hip prosthesis with femoral shaft |
| JP6043605B2 (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2016-12-14 | 京セラメディカル株式会社 | Artificial joint |
| JP7586998B1 (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-11-19 | ＨＯＹＡ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ株式会社 | Artificial joint stem and artificial joint |
-
1986
- 1986-12-26 JP JP61315073A patent/JPH0673533B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63164946A (en) | 1988-07-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |