JPH0674412B2 - Oil spill treatment - Google Patents
Oil spill treatmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0674412B2 JPH0674412B2 JP59138331A JP13833184A JPH0674412B2 JP H0674412 B2 JPH0674412 B2 JP H0674412B2 JP 59138331 A JP59138331 A JP 59138331A JP 13833184 A JP13833184 A JP 13833184A JP H0674412 B2 JPH0674412 B2 JP H0674412B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- treatment agent
- oil
- hydrogen
- polyoxyethylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Landscapes
- Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は流出油処理剤に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a spill treatment agent.
従来技術 海上事故等により海面に流出した油は、環境に悪影響を
与えるため、早急に処理しなければならない。Prior Art Oil spilled to the surface of the sea due to a marine accident, etc. has an adverse effect on the environment and must be treated immediately.
流出油処理用防除資材として、油吸着剤、油ゲル化剤、
流出油処理剤（分散剤）等が用いられているが、流出油
処理剤は、処理能力が高く作業効率が優れているため、
広く用いられている。As a control material for spilled oil treatment, oil adsorbent, oil gelling agent,
Oil spill treatment agents (dispersants), etc. are used, but spill oil treatment agents have high processing capacity and excellent work efficiency.
Widely used.
現在用いられている流出油処理剤は原液で、あるいは、
海水で稀釈して流出油に散布した後、分散効果を上げる
ため、船のスクリューによる攪拌、ポンプ等による強制
注水による攪拌等を必要とする。The spill treatment agent currently used is undiluted solution, or
After diluting with seawater and spraying on the spilled oil, in order to improve the dispersion effect, it is necessary to stir with the screw of the ship, stir with forced water injection with a pump, etc.
従って、作業能率は必らずしも満足すべきものではな
い。さらに海象条件が厳しい場合とか流出現場が沖合で
遠い場合には船舶での処理が困難であり、使用できない
ことがある。Therefore, work efficiency is not always satisfactory. Furthermore, when the sea conditions are severe or the spill site is far offshore, it may be difficult to treat with a ship and may not be usable.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明は、このような攪拌作業を要しない、波浪により
自発的に流出油を乳化、分散し得る流出油処理剤を提供
することを目的とする。これによって作業能率は一段と
向上する他、船舶による処理が困難な流出現場に飛行機
により散布するのみで十分に流出油の処理を可能にし得
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide an spilled oil treatment agent which does not require such a stirring operation and can spontaneously emulsify and disperse spilled oil by waves. As a result, the work efficiency is further improved, and it is possible to sufficiently treat the spilled oil only by spraying it on the spill site where the treatment by the ship is difficult.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、一般式［Ｉ］： ［式中、Ｒは炭素数３〜９の側鎖を有することもあるア
ルキル基、Ｒ′は水素または炭素数２〜10のアシル基Ｘ
は水素またはメチル基およびｎは１〜７の数を表わす］
で表わされる化合物を10重量％以上および平均HLBが８
〜12である非イオン界面活性剤を10重量％以上含有する
流出油処理剤を提供する。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has the general formula [I]: [In the formula, R is an alkyl group which may have a side chain having 3 to 9 carbon atoms, R'is hydrogen or an acyl group X having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
Represents hydrogen or a methyl group and n represents a number from 1 to 7]
10% by weight or more of the compound represented by and an average HLB of 8
Disclosed is a spill treatment agent containing 10% by weight or more of a nonionic surfactant of about 12%.
本発明に用いられる化合物［Ｉ］はそれ自体微弱な界面
活性作用を有するが、本発明では分散助剤としての作用
を有する溶剤として認識され、界面活性剤としては扱わ
ない。従って、従来流出油処理剤に一般に用いられてい
た炭化水素溶剤に代えて用いられる。従来の溶剤を部分
的に代えてもよく、あるいは、全部を本発明の化合物
［Ｉ］で置き換えてもよい。少なくとも全流出油処理剤
の10重量％以上、好ましくは30〜70重量％用いる。10重
量％より少ないときは本発明の効果は得られない。The compound [I] used in the present invention itself has a weak surface-active action, but in the present invention, it is recognized as a solvent having an action as a dispersion aid and is not treated as a surfactant. Therefore, it is used in place of the hydrocarbon solvent that has been generally used in conventional oil spill treatment agents. The conventional solvent may be partially replaced, or all may be replaced by the compound [I] of the present invention. At least 10% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight, of the total oil spill treatment agent is used. If it is less than 10% by weight, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
化合物［Ｉ］を配合することにより、流出油処理剤は流
出油を水中に容易にかつ波浪等により自然に分散させる
ことが可能となる。By blending the compound [I], the spilled oil treatment agent can easily disperse the spilled oil in water and naturally due to waves and the like.
化合物［Ｉ］において、Ｒは炭素数３〜９の側鎖を有す
ることもあるアルキル基であり、特に炭素数３〜７のア
ルキル基が好ましい。Ｒ′は水素または炭素数２〜10の
アシル基である。In the compound [I], R is an alkyl group which may have a side chain having 3 to 9 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. R'is hydrogen or an acyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
Ｘは水素またはメチル基であり、両者の混合エーテルで
あってもよい。特に水素が好ましい。ｎは１〜７の数、
特に２〜５が好ましい。Ｒの炭素数が10より大きくなる
と界面活性が強くなりすぎ、かつ粘性が高くなるため溶
剤としての作用が低下し、自然分散性も低下する。X is hydrogen or a methyl group, and may be a mixed ether of both. Hydrogen is particularly preferable. n is a number from 1 to 7,
2-5 are especially preferable. When the carbon number of R is larger than 10, the surface activity becomes too strong and the viscosity becomes high, so that the action as a solvent is lowered and the natural dispersibility is also lowered.
化合物［Ｉ］は常套の方法、例えば、炭素数４〜10のカ
ルボン酸（例えば、酪酸、吉草酸、カプロン酸、エナン
ト酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリル酸、クロトン酸、イソク
ロトン酸等）とエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコ
ール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコー
ル、トリエチレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコー
ル、テトラエチレングリコール、テトラプロピレングリ
コール等とをエステル化するか、上記カルボン酸に、酸
化エチレン、酸化プロピレン等を反応させてもよい。Compound [I] can be prepared by a conventional method, for example, a carboxylic acid having 4 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, pelargonic acid, caprylic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid) and ethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, tetrapropylene glycol or the like may be esterified, or the carboxylic acid may be reacted with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or the like.
エステル・エーテル型の本発明化合物［Ｉ］を得るに
は、予め所望のアルコールに酸化アルキレンを反応させ
た後エステル化してもよい。アルキレングリコールや酸
化アルキレンは二種以上混合して用いてもよい。In order to obtain the ester / ether type compound [I] of the present invention, the desired alcohol may be reacted with alkylene oxide in advance and then esterified. Two or more kinds of alkylene glycol and alkylene oxide may be mixed and used.
またＲおよびＲ′も混合物であってもよい。R and R'may also be a mixture.
非イオン界面活性剤として、平均HLBが８〜12のものを
用いると乳化分散性の点で好結果が得られる。非イオン
界面活性剤としてはポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニ
ルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポ
リオキシエチレンアルキルアミンエーテル、ポリキシエ
チレンポリフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリ
アミド、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンアルキルエステ
ル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオールアルキルエステル、
ポリエチレングリコールアルキルエステル、ポリエチレ
ングリコール・ポリプロピレングリコールアルキルエス
テル、ポリオキシエチレン・ポリオキシプロピレンアル
キルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン・ポリオキシプロピ
レンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ソレビタンアルキルエ
ステル、ポリグリセリンアルキルエステル、ペンタエリ
スリトールアルキルエステル等が例示される。これらの
界面活性剤は混合して用いてもよい。When a nonionic surfactant having an average HLB of 8 to 12 is used, good results are obtained in terms of emulsification dispersibility. Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine ether, polyoxyethylene polyphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyamide, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene polyol. Alkyl ester,
Polyethylene glycol alkyl ester, polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene alkylphenyl ether, sorevitan alkyl ester, polyglycerin alkyl ester, pentaerythritol alkyl ester, etc. It is illustrated. You may mix and use these surfactants.
特に好ましい非イオン界面活性剤は魚毒等の低いエステ
ル型非イオン界面活性剤である。Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are low ester type nonionic surfactants such as fish poisons.
非イオン界面活性剤は全流出油処理剤の10重量％以上、
好ましくは30〜70重量％配合する。Nonionic surfactant is 10% by weight or more of the total oil spill treatment agent,
Preferably 30 to 70% by weight is blended.
本発明流出油処理剤は従来から一般に溶剤として用いら
れている炭化水素溶剤、例えばケロシン、グリコール系
溶剤、例えばセロソルブ類等と併用してもよい。The oil spill treatment agent of the present invention may be used in combination with a hydrocarbon solvent which has been conventionally used as a solvent, such as kerosene, a glycol solvent such as cellosolves.
発明の効果 本発明流出油処理剤は自然分散性が優れているため、海
上の波浪等により容易に流出油を水中に乳化分散させる
ことができる。従って処理作業が容易となる他、沖合で
の流出油事故に際しても飛行機等から海面に投入するの
みで処理可能である。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the oil spill treatment agent of the present invention has excellent natural dispersibility, the oil spill can be easily emulsified and dispersed in water by sea waves or the like. Therefore, in addition to facilitating the processing work, in the event of an oil spill offshore, it can be processed simply by throwing it into the sea surface from an airplane or the like.
以下実施例を挙げて本発明を説明する。The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
実施例１〜４および比較例１〜２ 以下の処方（全て重量％）で流出油処理剤を調製しその
乳化率を測定した。例１処方 重量％ ポリオキシエチレン（５）ソルビタン オレエート 17 ソルビタンオレエート ３ トリエチレングリコールカプロン酸 エステル 80 例２処方 重量％ ポリエチレングリコール（MW400） オレエート 20 ポリオキシエチレン（５）ソルビタン オレエート 30 ジエチレングリコールカプロン酸 エステル 50 例３処方 重量％ ポリオキシエチレン（20）ソルビタン トリオレエート 60 ジエチレングリコールエナント酸 エステル 30 ｎ−パラフィン 10 例４処方 重量％ ポリオキシエチレン（７）ノニル フェニルエーテル 20 ポリオキシエチレン（７）オレエート 10 ジプロピレングリコール吉草酸 エステル 70 比較例１処方 重量％ ポリオキシエチレン（５）ソルビタン オレエート 15 ソルビタンオレエート ５ ｎ−パラフィン 80 比較例２処方 重量％ ポリオキシエチレン（９）オレエート 20 ポリオキシエチレン（５）ソルビタン エステル 30 ブチルセロソルブ 30 ｎ−パラフィン 20 ［乳化率の測定法］ 槽（1000×100×300m/m）中に海水15lを入れ、これに重
油100mlを浮かべる。上記流出油処理剤30mlを散布し、
長さ120mm、上下幅90mm、上面の厚さ100mmの直角三角形
状造波機を槽の長手方向の一端に挿入し、振幅30mm、34
往復／分の割合で、上下に動かし、槽内に人造波を作
り、これを１時間行なった。５分間静置後、槽の中央部
より液を採取し、油処理性能試験基準舶査第52号（昭和
59年２月１日）に定める方法に従って乳化率を測定し
た。結果を表−１に示す。Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 Oil spill treatment agents were prepared according to the following formulations (all in weight%), and their emulsification rates were measured. Example 1 Prescription weight% Polyoxyethylene (5) sorbitan oleate 17 Sorbitan oleate 3 Triethylene glycol caproic acid ester 80 Example 2 Prescription weight% Polyethylene glycol (MW400) oleate 20 Polyoxyethylene (5) sorbitan oleate 30 Diethylene glycol caproic acid ester 50 Example 3 Prescription weight% Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan trioleate 60 Diethylene glycol enanthate 30 n-paraffin 10 Example 4 Prescription weight% Polyoxyethylene (7) nonyl phenyl ether 20 Polyoxyethylene (7) oleate 10 Dipropylene glycol valerate 70 Comparative example 1 formulation% by weight polyoxyethylene (5) sorbitan oleate 15 sorbitan oleate 5 n-paraffin 80 Comparative example 2 formulation wt% polyoxy Tilene (9) oleate 20 Polyoxyethylene (5) sorbitan ester 30 Butyl cellosolve 30 n-paraffin 20 [Measurement method of emulsification rate] Seawater 15l was put in a tank (1000 x 100 x 300m / m), and 100ml of heavy oil was added to it. Float. Disperse 30 ml of the above oil spill treatment,
Insert a right-angled triangular wave machine with a length of 120 mm, a vertical width of 90 mm, and an upper surface thickness of 100 mm into one end of the tank in the longitudinal direction, and amplitude 30 mm, 34
It was moved up and down at a rate of reciprocation / minute to create an artificial wave in the tank and this was carried out for 1 hour. After standing for 5 minutes, the liquid was collected from the center of the tank and the oil treatment performance test standard Ship Inspection No. 52 (Showa
The emulsification rate was measured according to the method specified in (February 1, 59). The results are shown in Table-1.
Claims (4)
ルキル基、Ｒ′は水素または炭素数２〜10のアシル基、
Ｘは水素またはメチル基およびｎは１〜７の数を表わ
す］で表わされる化合物を10重量％以上および平均HLB
が８〜12である非イオン界面活性剤を10重量％以上含有
する流出油処理剤。1. A general formula [I]: [In the formula, R is an alkyl group which may have a side chain having 3 to 9 carbon atoms, R'is hydrogen or an acyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms,
X represents hydrogen or a methyl group and n represents a number from 1 to 7] and the compound represented by 10% by weight or more and the average HLB
A spill treatment agent containing 10% by weight or more of a nonionic surfactant having a ratio of 8 to 12.
水素またはアシル基およびＸが水素である第１項記載の
流出油処理剤。2. The spill treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein R is an alkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, R'is hydrogen or an acyl group, and X is hydrogen.
重量％、非イオン界面活性剤を10〜90重量％含有する第
１項記載の流出油処理剤。3. A compound represented by the general formula [I] is contained in an amount of 10 to 90.
The oil spill treatment agent according to claim 1, which comprises 10% to 90% by weight of a nonionic surfactant.
界面活性剤である第１項記載の流出油処理剤。4. The spilled oil treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is an ester type nonionic surfactant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59138331A JPH0674412B2 (en) | 1984-07-03 | 1984-07-03 | Oil spill treatment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59138331A JPH0674412B2 (en) | 1984-07-03 | 1984-07-03 | Oil spill treatment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6116979A JPS6116979A (en) | 1986-01-24 |
| JPH0674412B2 true JPH0674412B2 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
Family
ID=15219403
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59138331A Expired - Fee Related JPH0674412B2 (en) | 1984-07-03 | 1984-07-03 | Oil spill treatment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0674412B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2795974B1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-09-14 | Elf Aquitaine | SPRAYABLE NUTRITIVE MICROEMULSION USEFUL AS BIODEGRADATION ACCELERATOR |
| JP2001220574A (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-08-14 | Kaijo Saigai Boshi Center | Self-stirring spilled oil treatment agent |
-
1984
- 1984-07-03 JP JP59138331A patent/JPH0674412B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6116979A (en) | 1986-01-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |