JPH0674871B2 - Automotive pipelines for guiding alcoholic media - Google Patents
Automotive pipelines for guiding alcoholic mediaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0674871B2 JPH0674871B2 JP63104451A JP10445188A JPH0674871B2 JP H0674871 B2 JPH0674871 B2 JP H0674871B2 JP 63104451 A JP63104451 A JP 63104451A JP 10445188 A JP10445188 A JP 10445188A JP H0674871 B2 JPH0674871 B2 JP H0674871B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- tube
- automotive
- alcohol
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003188 Nylon 3 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L2011/047—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with a diffusion barrier layer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、アルコール媒体を案内するための自動車用管
路に関する。Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to motor vehicle conduits for guiding alcoholic media.
一般に自動車用管路は、自動車製造過程において自動車
中に取付けられる。しかし、この管路は、事後に管理ま
たは修理の過程で導入することもできる。アルコール媒
体の概念は、第１にアルコール添加剤を有する燃料なら
びに主としてアルコールからなる燃料を表わす。しか
し、アルコール媒体、ひいては管路は、自動車の燃料系
統に限定する必要はない。その限りにおいて、アルコー
ル媒体の概念は、フロントガラスのワイパー液ならびに
圧縮空気ブレーキ系統の圧縮媒体をも表わす。周知のよ
うに、凝縮液の凍結を防止する目的で、圧縮空気ブレー
キ系統中にアルコールは導入される。アルコールは、本
発明の範囲内で、殊にメチルアルコールおよびエチルア
ルコールならびにそれと水との混合物を意味する。Generally, an automobile pipeline is installed in an automobile during the automobile manufacturing process. However, this line can also be introduced after the fact during the management or repair process. The concept of alcoholic medium refers firstly to fuels with alcohol additives as well as fuels which consist mainly of alcohol. However, the alcohol medium, and thus the line, need not be limited to the fuel system of the vehicle. To that extent, the concept of alcoholic medium also refers to windscreen wiper fluids as well as compressed air brake system compressed media. As is well known, alcohol is introduced into the compressed air brake system to prevent freezing of the condensate. Alcohol means, in the context of the present invention, in particular methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol and their mixtures with water.
従来の技術 ポリアミドからなる公知の自動車用管路は、自動車工業
界で要望されている要件の規格化された目録を充足する
ものである。この公知の自動車用管路は、DIN 73378お
よびDIN 74324に包括されている。公知の自動車用管路
は、案内される媒体がアルコールを含有していない限り
において有効であることが証明された。しかし、アルコ
ールが存在する場合には、支承が現われる。特にポリア
ミドは、アルコールによって膨潤され、この場合５〜10
％の寸法の拡大が起こる。しかも、ポリアミドは、アル
コールによって抽出され、すなわち加工助剤、安定剤、
単量体および可塑剤は、溶け出し、かつ媒体のアルコー
ル中に移動する。その上、この抽出により管の性質は変
化する。また、ポリアミドは、アルコールに対して僅か
な拡散濃度を有する。ブレーキ系統に属する自動車用管
路は、重要であり、この場合ブレーキ用媒体には、凍結
防止の理由からアルコールが添加され、したがって抽出
に基づいて膨潤されたパッキン部材および弁座上での粘
着性の付着物による散在的な支承が起こる。その限りに
おいて、アルコールは可塑剤をポリアミド管から溶出さ
せ、この可塑剤アルコール混合物はパッキン部材を攻撃
し、かつ可塑剤は、粘着性の残滓として別の個所、殊に
弁座上にも堆積されることが推測される。自動車用管路
には、ポリアミドの代わりに別の、すなわち耐アルコー
ル性のプラスチックを使用することが考えられる。しか
し、このプラスチックは、自動車工業界で自動車用管路
に課されている要件の首記した規格化された目録をしば
しば充足させるものではない。2. Description of the Prior Art Known automotive pipelines made of polyamide fulfill a standardized inventory of requirements required by the automotive industry. This known motor vehicle line is covered by DIN 73378 and DIN 74324. The known motor vehicle lines have proved effective as long as the medium to be guided does not contain alcohol. However, when alcohol is present, bearing appears. Polyamides, in particular, are swollen by alcohols, in this case 5-10
% Dimension expansion occurs. Moreover, polyamides are extracted with alcohol, that is, processing aids, stabilizers,
Monomers and plasticizers elute and migrate into the alcohol of the medium. Moreover, this extraction changes the tube properties. Polyamides also have a slight diffusive concentration for alcohols. Automotive lines that belong to the braking system are important, in which case the braking medium is added with alcohol for antifreeze reasons and is therefore sticky on the packing member and valve seat swollen on the basis of the extraction. Scattered bearings occur due to the deposits. To that extent, the alcohol elutes the plasticizer from the polyamide tube, the plasticizer-alcohol mixture attacks the packing member, and the plasticizer is deposited as a sticky residue elsewhere, especially on the valve seat. It is speculated that Instead of polyamide, it is conceivable to use another, ie alcohol-resistant, plastic in the automotive line. However, this plastic does not often satisfy a standardized inventory of requirements for automotive lines in the automotive industry.
発明を達成するための手段 本発明の目的は、ポリアミドからなり、その上耐アルコ
ール性である限りにおいて、自動車工業界で課されてい
る要件の規格された目録を充足させる自動車用管路を得
ることである。The object of the present invention is to obtain a motor vehicle pipeline which, as long as it is made of polyamide and is alcohol-resistant, fulfills a standardized inventory of requirements imposed by the motor vehicle industry. That is.
本発明は少なくとも１つのポリアミド管と、同時押出の
方法でこのポリアミド管の内側を覆い結合され、かつポ
リアミド管の管壁の壁厚に比して薄いポリオレフィンか
らなる被覆とからなる管路である。ポリアミド管は、本
発明の範囲内で有利に１〜2.5mmの壁厚を有し、被覆
は、0.1〜0.2mmの壁厚を有する。このような自動車用管
路の外径は、一般に４〜16mmの範囲内にある。本発明に
よれば、依然としてポリアミド管を用いて作業され、こ
のポリアミド管は、自動車工業界で課されている要件の
規格化された目録に十分であるような程度に寸法決定さ
れかつ調整されている。ポリアミド管は、その内側でポ
リオレフィンからなる被覆と同時押出の方法で結合され
ており、このポリオレフィンからなる被覆は、意外のこ
とに、ポリアミド管の性質を所定の要件の規格化された
目録に関連して損なわず、耐アルコール性であり、かつ
遮断層を形成する。同時押出の方法で得られたポリアミ
ド管とポリオレフィンの被覆との集成体は、極端な応力
にも耐えるように結合される。The present invention is a conduit consisting of at least one polyamide tube and a coating which is joined inside the polyamide tube by a method of coextrusion and which is made of a polyolefin which is thin relative to the wall thickness of the wall of the polyamide tube. . Within the scope of the invention, polyamide tubes preferably have a wall thickness of 1 to 2.5 mm and the coating has a wall thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 mm. The outside diameter of such automotive lines is generally in the range of 4-16 mm. According to the invention, still working with polyamide tubing, which is sized and adjusted to such an extent that it is sufficient for a standardized inventory of requirements imposed by the automotive industry. There is. Polyamide tubing is bonded on the inside with a coating of polyolefin by a method of coextrusion, which surprisingly relates the properties of the polyamide tubing to a standardized inventory of certain requirements. It is alcohol resistant and forms a barrier layer. The assembly of polyamide tubing and polyolefin coating obtained by the method of coextrusion is bonded to withstand extreme stress.
本発明の好ましい構成によれば、ポリアミド管は、ポリ
アミド６または6.6ないしポリアミド11または12からな
る。ポリオレフィンは、プロピレンと、マレイン酸とか
らの重合体からなる。少なくとも、ポリアミド管は、可
塑剤を有することができ、したがってポリアミド管と、
被覆とからなる集成体は、ホース状で設置することがで
きる。According to a preferred construction of the invention, the polyamide tube consists of polyamide 6 or 6.6 or polyamide 11 or 12. Polyolefin is a polymer of propylene and maleic acid. At a minimum, the polyamide tubing can have a plasticizer and thus with the polyamide tubing,
The assemblage consisting of the coating can be installed in the form of a hose.
実施例 次に、本発明を専ら実施例を示す図面につき詳説する。Embodiments Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments.
図面に示した管１は、アルコール媒体を案内するための
自動車用管路に属する。アルコール媒体の概念は、本明
細書の導入部で詳説した。管１は、ポリアミドと同時押
出の方法でポリアミド管１と結合されている、管の内側
で閉鎖された、管壁２の壁厚Ｄに比して薄いポリオレフ
ィンからの被覆３とからなる。この場合、ポリアミド管
１は、壁厚Ｄを有し、この壁厚は、１〜2.5mmである。
このことは、被覆３にも当てはまり、この被覆は、実施
例において明示することを理由に誇張した厚さで示し
た。被覆は、実施例において0.1mmの壁厚ｄを有する。
ポリアミド管１の材料は、ポリアミド12であることがで
きる。このポリアミド管は、可塑剤を有することができ
る。The pipe 1 shown in the drawing belongs to a pipeline for motor vehicles for guiding alcoholic media. The concept of alcoholic medium has been detailed in the introductory part of the specification. The tube 1 consists of a polyamide 3 which is joined to the polyamide tube 1 by a coextrusion method and which is closed inside the tube and is covered with a thin polyolefin 3 relative to the wall thickness D of the tube wall 2. In this case, the polyamide tube 1 has a wall thickness D, which is 1 to 2.5 mm.
This also applies to coating 3, which is shown in exaggerated thickness for reasons of clarity in the examples. The coating has a wall thickness d of 0.1 mm in the example.
The material of the polyamide tube 1 can be polyamide 12. The polyamide tube can have a plasticizer.
第１図は、本発明による自動車用管路の管の断面を示す
斜視図、かつ 第２図は、第１図による対象からの部分Ａを示す拡大図
である。 １……ポリアミド管、２……管壁、３……被覆、Ｄ……
ポリアミド管の壁厚、ｄ……被覆の壁厚FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a pipe of a vehicle pipeline according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a portion A from an object according to FIG. 1 ... Polyamide tube, 2 ... Tube wall, 3 ... Coating, D ...
Polyamide tube wall thickness, d ... Coating wall thickness
Claims (5)
同時押出の方法でこのポリアミド管（１）の内側を覆い
結合され、かつポリアミド管（１）の管壁（２）の壁厚
（Ｄ）に比して薄いポリオレフィンからなる被覆（３）
とからなる、アルコール媒体を案内するための自動車用
管路。1. At least one polyamide tube (1),
A coating (3) which covers the inside of the polyamide pipe (1) by a method of coextrusion and is bonded to the polyamide pipe (1) and which is made of a polyolefin thinner than the wall thickness (D) of the pipe wall (2) of the polyamide pipe (1).
An automotive conduit for guiding alcoholic media, consisting of
（Ｄ）を有し、かつ被覆（３）が0.1〜0.2mm壁厚（ｄ）
を有する、請求項１記載の自動車用管路。2. A polyamide tube (1) having a wall thickness (D) of 1 to 2.5 mm and a coating (3) of 0.1 to 0.2 mm wall thickness (d).
The automobile pipeline according to claim 1, which comprises:
6.6ないしはポリアミド11または12からなる、請求項１
または２記載の自動車用管路。3. The polyamide pipe (1) is polyamide 6 or
6.6 or polyamide 11 or 12, consisting of
Alternatively, the automobile pipeline according to item 2.
とからの重合体である、請求項１から３までのいずれか
１項に記載の自動車用管路。4. The automotive pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polyolefin is a polymer of propylene and maleic acid.
有し、かつポリアミド管と被覆（３）とからの集成体が
ホース状に設置可能である、請求項１から４までのいず
れか１項に記載の自動車用管路。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least the polyamide tube (1) has a plasticizer and the assembly of polyamide tube and coating (3) can be installed in the form of a hose. The automobile pipeline according to item.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3715251.3 | 1987-05-08 | ||
| DE19873715251 DE3715251A1 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1987-05-08 | MOTOR VEHICLE PIPELINE FOR GUIDING AN ALCOHOLIC MEDIUM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63289390A JPS63289390A (en) | 1988-11-25 |
| JPH0674871B2 true JPH0674871B2 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
Family
ID=6327034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63104451A Expired - Lifetime JPH0674871B2 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1988-04-28 | Automotive pipelines for guiding alcoholic media |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0674871B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3715251A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2007825A6 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2614967B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2204376B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1217438B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006205464A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-10 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Fuel hose |
Families Citing this family (45)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2634861B1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1991-02-08 | Atochem | TUBE USEFUL FOR THE TRANSPORT OF FLUIDS, LIKELY TO VARY ITS VOLUME AND ESPECIALLY ITS LENGTH |
| DE3929325A1 (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1991-03-07 | Wirsbo Pex Gmbh | Double-walled line pipe - made of specified material for both pipes and is monitored for leakage |
| IT219178Z2 (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1992-12-17 | F.I.S.T. S.P.A. | FLEXIBLE CONDUCT FOR CIRCUITS OF CIRCULATION OF THE COOLANT LIQUID OF A VEHICLE ENGINE. |
| DE4025301C2 (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1998-04-30 | Inventa Ag | Antistatic fuel line |
| DE4202397C2 (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1999-01-14 | Technoflow Fuel Systems Gmbh | Motor vehicle pipeline from a single-layer or a multi-layer extruded plastic pipe |
| DE4202399C1 (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-02-04 | Technoform Caprano + Brunnhofer Kg, 3501 Fuldabrueck, De | |
| US5469892A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1995-11-28 | Itt Automotive, Inc. | Corrugated polymeric tubing having at least three layers with at least two respective layers composed of polymeric materials dissimilar to one another |
| US5743304A (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1998-04-28 | Itt Corporation | Multi-layer fuel and vapor tube |
| US6378562B1 (en) | 1992-04-14 | 2002-04-30 | Itt Industries, Inc. | Multi-layer tubing having electrostatic dissipation for handling hydrocarbon fluids |
| US5865218A (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1999-02-02 | Itt Corporation | Multi-layer fuel and vapor tube |
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| DE102004036179A1 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2006-03-23 | Degussa Ag | Coolant line |
| JP2006194432A (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2006-07-27 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Piping materials for fuel transportation |
| RU2296908C1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-04-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Балаковорезинотехника" | Method of manufacturing hose for supplying fuel |
| DE102006011493A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Degussa Gmbh | Air-brake line |
| DE102007011287A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-11 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Tube useful as compressed-air brake line, comprises an outer layer made from a polymer melt, an intermediate layer made from adhesive polymer melt, and an interior layer made from polymer melt |
| ES2370331B1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2012-10-18 | Abn Pipe Systems, S.L.U. | PIPING FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS. |
| US20130011595A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2013-01-10 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Nylon airbrake tubing constructions |
| JP7179460B2 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2022-11-29 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Resin materials for hoses, hose pipes and hoses |
| CN111601995B (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2022-08-02 | Ｕｂｅ株式会社 | Laminated tube |
| JP7788272B2 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2025-12-18 | 住友理工株式会社 | Laminated Tube |
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| GB920159A (en) * | 1961-07-05 | 1963-03-06 | Dieter Lissmann | Method of and apparatus for the production of multi-layer plastic-foil tubes |
| DE1504264A1 (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1969-09-04 | Feldmuehle Ag | Process for the production of a multilayer plastic hose |
| GB1175005A (en) * | 1966-02-03 | 1969-12-23 | U M P Venesta Ltd Formerly Nam | Method and apparatus for producing plastics tubing |
| GB1120045A (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1968-07-17 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of plastics tubing |
| US3546743A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1970-12-15 | Northern Petro Chem Co | Die for extruding laminated plastic tube |
| DE2125575A1 (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1972-12-07 | Tecalemit Sa | Flexible composite piping - with polyethylene or ptfe interior and nylon exterior |
| GB1348523A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1974-03-20 | Tecalemit Sa | Composite felxible piping system and method of manufacturing same |
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| DE2654719A1 (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1977-06-16 | Polymer Corp | REINFORCED HOSE MADE OF THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL |
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| JPH0232515B2 (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1990-07-20 | Toyoda Gosei Kk | PURASUCHITSUKUHOOSUNOSEIZOHOHO |
| DE3510395A1 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Technoform Caprano + Brunnhofer KG, 3501 Fuldabrück | Fuel-carrying line which can be installed fixed with a predetermined length for a motor vehicle |
-
1987
- 1987-05-08 DE DE19873715251 patent/DE3715251A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-04-20 GB GB8809267A patent/GB2204376B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-21 IT IT20285/88A patent/IT1217438B/en active
- 1988-04-27 FR FR888805611A patent/FR2614967B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-28 JP JP63104451A patent/JPH0674871B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-29 ES ES8801323A patent/ES2007825A6/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006205464A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-10 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Fuel hose |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2007825A6 (en) | 1989-07-01 |
| GB8809267D0 (en) | 1988-05-25 |
| DE3715251A1 (en) | 1988-12-01 |
| FR2614967B1 (en) | 1990-03-09 |
| IT1217438B (en) | 1990-03-22 |
| DE3715251C2 (en) | 1990-01-18 |
| IT8820285A0 (en) | 1988-04-21 |
| GB2204376A (en) | 1988-11-09 |
| JPS63289390A (en) | 1988-11-25 |
| FR2614967A1 (en) | 1988-11-10 |
| GB2204376B (en) | 1991-03-20 |
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