JPH0675765B2 - Hot water device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Industrial Application In the present invention, a ladle for pumping up the molten metal held in a molten metal holding furnace stands by above the surface of the molten metal holding furnace. The present invention relates to a hot-water pumping device that is attached to an arm of a robot so as to be rotatable between a hot-water preparing posture and a lower hot-water pumping posture for plunging into the molten metal and pumping the molten metal.

(2) Conventional Technology Conventionally, in such a boiling water apparatus, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-39233, by simply rotating the ladle from its boiling water preparation posture to its boiling water posture, The molten metal in the molten metal holding furnace is pumped up by a ladle.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, in the molten metal holding furnace, since the molten metal surface is exposed to the atmosphere, the slag due to the oxidation of the molten metal floats on the molten metal surface, and the ladle is different from the conventional one. If you simply rotate from the pouring hot water preparation posture to the pouring hot water posture, the slag floating on the surface of the molten metal will also be taken into the ladle, and if you pour it into the mold as it is, a cast product containing inclusions will be made. , The quality of castings will be inferior.

Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. Sho 43-3693, when the ladle is rotated from the pouring hot water preparation posture to the pouring hot water posture, the slag is integrated into the ladle to remove the slag on the surface of the molten metal. Some even try to scrape through. However, since the slag remover rotates integrally with the ladle in this case, the slag on the surface of the molten metal is pushed into the melt by the slag remover, which deteriorates the quality of the melt. Moreover, because the slag shelter is integrated with the ladle, not only is the overall shape of the ladle and slag shelter complicated, but only one of the ladle and the slag shelter is damaged or its function is impaired. In that case, replacement is required as a whole, which leads to higher costs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a configuration that solves the above problems when pumping a molten metal from a molten metal holding furnace by a robot, and eliminates the slag floating on the surface of the molten metal so that only a clean molten metal can be efficiently used. An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water pumping device that can be pumped up well and can contribute to quality improvement while improving the work efficiency of the robot.

B. Configuration of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a skim plate protruding downward from the ladle in the drawing hot water preparation posture causes the ladle to move. Before turning the ladle to the pouring position, the ladle can be scraped on the surface of the molten metal with the arm moving horizontally while the ladle is in the pouring-preparing position. It is fixed to the arm on the side.

(2) Operation According to the above configuration, the skim plate is thrust into the molten metal of the molten metal holding furnace with the ladle in the pouring hot water preparation posture, and in that state the arm is horizontally operated to float on the molten metal surface. If the ladle is pushed away by the skim plate and the arm is stopped at that position, the ladle is rotated from the pouring hot water preparation posture to the pouring hot water posture, and a clean molten metal containing no slag is pumped up at the cleaned portion. You can

(3) Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, in FIG. 1, the ladle 2 is attached to the arm 7 of the robot 1.
Is supported so as to be tiltable, and the robot 1 includes a molten metal holding furnace 3 for holding a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy and a ladle 2
The mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ with the molten metal pumping gel; operates to 4 _3, 4 ₄ the melt from the ladle 2 to pouring.

The robot 1 includes a robot main body 6 mounted on a fixed base 5 that is capable of rotating around a vertical axis and moving up and down.
The robot body 6 is provided with an arm 7 supported so as to be movable in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical axis.

Referring also to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a supporting arm 8 extending downward is fixed to the tip of the arm 7, and the lower end portion of the supporting arm 8 has an axis line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arm 7. The ladle 2 is supported by enabling tilting movements around it. That is, a rotating shaft 9 having an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arm 7 is rotatably supported around the axis at the lower end of the supporting arm 8, and the rotating shaft 9 is opposite to the robot body 6. 9
A ladle 2 made of ceramics is attached to a metal bracket 10 fixed to the end of the.

4 to 6, the ladle 2 is formed by molding a ceramic having a low thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum titanate, and has a tilt axis line in a state of being tiltably supported by the arm 7. It is formed symmetrically with respect to the including plane LL. That is, the ladle 2 is molded so that the bottomed recess 11 defined by the side wall of the ladle 2 has a substantially rhombic cross-sectional shape and becomes narrower toward the bottom, and is symmetrical with respect to the plane LL. Therefore, the left and right ends of the opening of the recess 11 are respectively the pouring holes 11a and 11b.
It is formed so as to be narrowed. Moreover, ladle 2
The outer surface and the inner surface of the are formed in such a manner that the connecting portions of the plurality of planes are gently curved in order to suppress local heat dissipation and prevent disturbing the flow of the molten metal held in the recess 11. It In particular, the pouring holes 11a, 11b of the ladle 2
The portions 2a and 2b corresponding to are curved and formed with a radius of curvature smaller than the wall thickness of the side wall in order to improve the drainage of the molten metal when the pouring work is stopped halfway.

A mounting portion 12 for mounting on the bracket 10 is provided on one side wall of the ladle 2 at the center in the left-right direction. That is, in the plane LL, the mounting portion 12 has a first flat surface 12a that is flush with the opening end surface of the recess 11, a second flat surface 12b that is orthogonal to the first flat surface 12a, and a second flat surface. The ladle 2 is formed so that a third flat surface 12c extending perpendicularly to the surface 12b is formed on the outer surface.
Is projected from the side wall. Moreover, in order to reinforce the mounting portion 12, the rib 13 extending in the direction that effectively reinforces the load acting on the mounting portion 12 when mounted on the bracket 10, that is, the rib 13 extending in the vertical direction in FIG. It is projected from the side wall of the ladle 2 so as to be continuous with the flat surface 12c.

On the other hand, the bracket 10 to which the ladle 2 is attached has a flat plate shape which is long in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotating shaft 9 and has one end fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 9, and a supporting plate portion 10a. A first flange portion 1 fixed at a right angle to an intermediate portion of the support plate portion 10a.
0b and a second flange portion 10c formed by bending the other end of the support plate portion 10a at a right angle and formed in parallel with the first flange portion 10b. Thus, the bracket 10 includes the support plate portion 10a on the second flat surface 12b of the mounting portion 12, the first flange portion 10b on the first flat surface 12a, and the second flange portion 10c on the third flat surface.
12c are formed so that they can be opposed to each other, and in such a condition that they are opposed to each other, the bracket 12 is attached to the bracket 10 with the cushioning material 16 made of, for example, ceramic paper or the like interposed therebetween. Is installed.

The ladle 2 is attached to the bracket 10 by screwing a plurality of screw members 15 which are engaged and fixed to the bracket 10 into the ladle 2 through a heat resistant adhesive such as a furnace material. That is, the mounting portion 12 of the bracket 10 has, for example, a single mounting hole 14 that opens to the first flat surface 12a thereof, and the flat surface 12b of FIG.
A plurality of, for example, four mounting holes 14 that are opened in the mounting hole 14 are formed in the bracket 10. With the mounting holes 14 filled with a heat-resistant adhesive, the support plate portion 10a and the first flange portion 1 of the bracket 10 are formed.
A screw member 15 such as a tapping screw inserted through 0b is screwed into each mounting hole 14 until its head is locked to the outer surfaces of the support plate portion 10a and the first flange portion 10b, and the head portion of each screw member 15 Is welded and fixed to the bracket 10.

Moreover, the cushioning material 16 is interposed between the ladle 2 and the bracket 10 along the axial direction of the screw members 15.
It is interposed between the first flange portion 10b of the bracket 10 and the first flat surface 12a of the mounting portion 12, and between the support plate portion 10a of the bracket 10 and the second flat surface 12b of the mounting portion 12, respectively.

A skim plate 18 having a width larger than the width of the ladle 2 is fixed to both side surfaces of the lower end of the support arm 8 orthogonal to the mounting position of the ladle 2. This skim plate 18 is used for the molten metal holding furnace 3
In order to remove the slag floating on the surface of the molten metal, the molten metal is immersed in and immersed in the molten metal, and is fixed to the support arm 8 so as to project below the lower end of the support arm 8.

A molten metal surface sensor 19 for detecting the molten metal surface in the molten metal holding furnace 3 is attached to the support arm 8 with its tip facing downward. Thus, the molten metal level sensor 19 has a tip before the supporting arm 8 comes into contact with the molten metal surface after the skim plate 18 is immersed in the molten metal when the supporting arm 8 descends above the molten metal holding furnace 3. It is attached to the support arm 8 so as to come into contact with the surface of the molten metal.
Moreover, the tip of the molten metal level sensor 19 is formed in a truncated cone shape having a smaller diameter toward the tip so that the molten metal attached when contacting the molten metal surface can be easily dropped.

In FIG. 1 again, the arm 7 of the robot 1 is movable along a virtual arc centered on the vertical rotation axis of the robot body 6 as indicated by an arrow, and the molten metal is held along the movement path. A furnace 3 and a pair of casting machines 20 and 21 located on both sides of the molten metal holding furnace 3 are arranged.
It is disposed in parallel with a pair of mold 4 _1, 4 _2, and the other casting machine 21 a pair of molds 4 _3, 4 ₄ is arranged in parallel to the. These molds 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ and 4 ₄ are for molding engine pistons, for example.

Further, along the movement path of the arm 7, the molten metal holding furnace 3
, And the casting machine 21, an original position is set with the distance along the moving path between the casting machines 20 and 21 equal to each other, and at this original position, ladle adhering sludge removal is performed. A device 22 is provided.

In FIG. 7, the ladle adhering slag removing device 22 is the ladle 2
A box-shaped casing 23 having an opening area in which the upper part of the casing 23 can be inserted, and a large number of flexible removal plates 24 fixed in a comb shape to the upper opening end of the casing 23. Thus, each flexible removing plate 24 is made of heat-resistant rubber such as silicone rubber, and is used when the ladle 2 is inserted into the casing 23 and when it is taken out from the casing 23. In order to bring the tips into contact with the vicinity of the pouring ports 11a, 11b, they are fixed in a comb shape on both sides of the upper end opening of the casing 23.

Regarding the robot 1, a feeder cutting machine 25 is arranged on the opposite side of the ladle adhering slag removing device 22 with the casting machines 20 and 21 on both sides being equidistant from each other. The castings cast in (1) are brought to the cutting machine 25 to cut the riser portion.

By the way, the ladle 2 is capable of tilting movement about a horizontal axis, raising and lowering movement, and reciprocating along the horizontal axis,
An original position where the ladle adhering slag removing device 22 is arranged,
The robot 1 moves along a moving path between the casting machines 20 and 21, and the robot 1 that performs these operations is controlled by a controller (not shown). Robot 1 Thus, the ladle 2 mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ in both caster 20, 21; pouring position of the position or the arm 7 of the arm 7 when poured into 4 _3, 4 _4, the 1
As shown by the chain line in the figure, it is controlled so as to shift to the molten metal holding furnace 3 side from the center position of each mold 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ , and the ladle at that pouring position. By the tilting movement of 2, the molds 4 ₁ , 4 _{2 and} 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ are poured.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Before the pouring work is started, the ladle 2 is in the original position, and when starting the pouring work, the robot 1 first brings the ladle 2 to a position directly above the molten metal holding furnace 3. At this time, the ladle 2 is rotated to a position where the open end of the recess 11 is directed downward so that no slag remains on the inner surface.

The operation of drawing molten metal in the molten metal holding furnace 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. At the upper position of the molten metal holding furnace 3, the inverted molten metal preparation posture with the opening end facing downward above the molten metal surface. The support arm 8 for supporting the ladle 2 in
As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the skim plate 18 is immersed in and immersed in the molten metal until the molten metal level sensor 19 detects the molten metal level. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the support arm 8 is slightly raised by a certain distance in order to separate the molten metal level sensor 19 from the molten metal level. At this time, most of the skim plate 18 remains immersed in and immersed in the molten metal, and as the robot 1 operates so as to contract its arm 7, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 8 (c). Thus, the skim plate 18 operates in the slag scraping operation direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 8 (c) to push away the slag floating on the molten metal surface. Since the skim plate 18 is attached to the support arm 8 on the front side of the ladle 2 along the slag scraping operation direction, the arm 7 is stopped after the slag scraping operation, and as shown in FIG. 8 (d). As shown, by rotating the ladle 2 180 degrees to bring it into the pouring position, the molten metal is pumped into the ladle 2 at the portion where the surface of the ladle is clean. The operation of drawing the molten metal from the molten metal holding furnace 3 is completed by raising the temperature. At this time, since the skim plate 18 pushes away the slag floating on the molten metal surface in the horizontal direction, the slag on the molten metal surface is not pushed into the molten metal in the molten metal holding furnace 3 and the molten metal in the molten metal holding furnace 3 Quality does not deteriorate due to the inclusion of slag.

In this way, by rotating the ladle 2 after horizontally moving the arm 7 for a certain distance, clean molten metal can be pumped up, and the working efficiency of the robot 1 can be improved.

When the molten metal is pumped from the molten metal holding furnace 3, the molten metal surface sensor 19 is immediately raised when the molten metal surface is detected, so that the immersion time in the molten metal can be minimized and the durability can be improved. Moreover, since the rising distance of the molten metal level sensor 19 is constant, the distance from the rotation axis of the ladle 2 standing by in the pouring hot water preparation position to pump up the molten metal to the molten metal surface is always constant, and the molten metal by the ladle 2 is kept constant. The pumping amount can be kept almost constant.

By the way, when the ladle 2 is rotated 180 degrees from the upper inverted posture shown in FIG. 8 (c), the inside of the ladle 2 is fed from either one of the pouring ports 11a and 11b on the left and right sides of the ladle 2. The molten metal is pumped to the other, and the other does not enter the molten metal.
Moreover, after the operation of drawing the molten metal, while moving the ladle 2 to each of the molds 41 ₁ , 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ , the one of the both pouring ports 11a, 11b that is immersed in the molten metal is oxidized by the molten metal. Since the thin film oxide is apt to adhere, when the molten metal is poured from the pouring port which is immersed in the molten metal, the above oxide may get into each of the molds 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ . Therefore, the turning direction of the ladle 2 when drawing hot water is
Depending on which of the pouring ports 11a and 11b is used during the next pouring operation, the pouring port that is not used during pouring is determined to be immersed in the molten metal. That mold 4 _1, at the time of 4 to ₂ pouring, since the pouring port 11a is used when the汲湯order to pouring into the mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ ladle as the pouring port 11b is retracted into the melt 2 in the rotational direction is determined, the mold 4 _3, 4 because the time to ₄ pouring sprue 11b is used mold 4 _3, 4 when汲湯order to melt onto ₄ pouring port 11a is the melt The turning direction of the ladle 2 is determined so as to rush into the.

The ladle 2 from which the molten metal has been pumped up is then cast in the casting machine 20.
4 is brought to the _first upper position. At this time, the arm 7 of the robot 1 is in a position shifted molten metal holding furnace 3 side from the center position of the mold 4 ₁ along the movement path of the arm 7, the ladle 2
Requirements of pouring into the mold 4 ₁ is performed by that tilts to pouring from the pouring port 11a. Then the arm 7, the mold 4 ₂ by tilt such than the center position of the mold 4 ₂ moves to the position shifted molten metal holding furnace 3 side and pouring ladle 2 from the sprue 11a in this state The required amount of water is poured into.

At the time of pouring, in addition to pumping the molten metal from the clean molten metal surface by the function of the skim plate 18 as described above,
Since no oxide is attached to the pouring port 11a, foreign matter is
_1, 4 never penetrates into the _2, it becomes possible to obtain a good quality casting.

Mold 4 _1, 4 after pouring operation completion to _2, the robot 1 is brought to the ladle deposition slag removal device 22 with the ladle 2 to the original position. Then, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), when the supporting arm 8 descends so as to insert the ladle 2 into the casing 23, the pouring spouts 11a, 11b.
The oxides attached to the outer surface of the ladle 2 in the vicinity are stripped off by a large number of removal plates 24. Moreover, ladle 2 is a plate for removing them.
When each removal plate 24 elastically restores when passing 24,
The oxide adhered to each removal plate 24 will be removed.

The ladle 2 inserted in the casing 23 is inverted as shown in FIG. 7 (b), and further raised as shown in FIG. 7 (c). The ladle 2 also passes through a large number of removal plates 24 during this ascent, and the removal plates 24 efficiently remove the oxides adhering to the vicinity of the pouring ports 11a and 11b. .

While such a series of operation for pouring into the mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ is finished, subsequently, the operation for pouring is initiated into the mold 4 _3, 4 ₄ caster 21. Thus, the operation for pouring the molten metal into the molds 4 ₃ and 4 ₄ depends on the rotating direction of the ladle 2 when pumping the molten metal from the molten metal holding furnace 3 and the operation when pouring the molten metal into the molds 4 ₂ and 4 ₃ . Pot 2
Tilting direction in bamboo that during pouring into the mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ are opposite, the other operating are basically the same operation as for pouring into the mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ of the above .

In such a pouring device, along the movement path of the arm 7, a molten metal holding furnace 3, the mold 4 _1, 4 ₂ which is located on both sides of the solution water holding furnace 3; and 4 _3, 4 ₄ is arranged , The ladle 2 having a bilaterally symmetrical shape with respect to the plane LL including the tilt axis is supported by the arm 7 so that it can be tilted to either the left or the right side, so that the respective molds 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ Arm 7 when pouring
There their mold 4 _1, 4 _2; 4 _3, 4 may be any of _four of the center position in a position shifted to the molten metal holding furnace 3 side, efficient and shorten the moving distance of the arm 7 i.e. ladle 2 Note Can do hot water work. Moreover, the tilt angle during pouring is the same when pouring into the molds 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ and when pouring into the molds 4 ₃ and 4 ₄ , so that the control of the robot 1 can be simplified. it can.

In addition, between the ladle 2 made of ceramics and the bracket 10 made of metal, a screw member 15 for connecting these 2, 10 is provided.
Since the cushioning material 16 is interposed along the axis of, even if the ladle 2 and the bracket 10 have different thermal expansion coefficients,
It is possible to prevent excessive stress from being generated in the screwed portion of the screw member 15 into the ladle 2, and to prevent rattling or damage at the joint portion.

Further, since the skim plate 18 is attached to the arm 7 separately from the ladle 2, the shapes of the ladle 2 and the skim plate 18 can be simplified. In addition, when one of the ladle 2 and the skim plate 18 is damaged or the function of either one is impaired due to consumption or the like, only one of them needs to be replaced, so that the cost can be reduced.

C. Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the skim plate projecting downward from the ladle in the pouring hot water preparation posture moves the ladle to the pouring hot water posture before rotating the ladle. As the arm moves horizontally with the arm moving horizontally in the pouring hot water preparation posture, it is fixed to the arm on the front side of the ladle along the slag scraping operation direction. By horizontally moving the arm in the state of preparation, the skim plate pushes away the slag floating on the molten metal in the horizontal direction, contributing to the improvement of molten metal quality by preventing the slag on the molten metal from entering the molten metal. Rotating the molten metal from the pouring preparation position to the pouring position can pump clean molten metal that does not contain slag to improve casting quality, and the robot's work efficiency for pumping clean molten metal. Can be improved. Moreover, the ladle calling skim plate can be separated to simplify their shape, and if either the ladle or the skim plate is damaged or its function deteriorates, only one of them should be replaced. The cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall plan view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along the line II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line III of FIG. 4 to 6 show the joint structure of the bracket and the ladle. Fig. 4 is a plan view, Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a view taken along the arrow VI of Fig. 4. Figures 7 (a) to 7 (c) are views showing the operating process of the ladle in the ladle adhering slag removing device, and Figs. FIG. 9 and FIG. 9 are views taken in the direction of arrow IX in FIG. 1 ... Robot, 2 ... Ladle, 3 ... Molten metal holding furnace, 7 ...
… Arm, 18 …… Skim plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pouring hot water preparation posture in which a ladle (2) for pumping up the molten metal held in the molten metal holding furnace (3) stands by at a position higher than the molten metal surface of the molten metal holding furnace (3). And a lowering position for pouring the molten metal into the molten metal so that the molten metal can be rotated between the arm and the arm (7) of the robot (1). Ladle (2)
The skim plate (18) projecting further downward than the arm (7) in which the ladle (2) is kept in the pouring hot water preparation posture before the ladle (2) is rotated to the pouring hot water posture. A squeezing apparatus which enables the operation of scraping the molten metal surface with the horizontal movement of the ladle and is fixed to the arm (7) on the front side of the ladle (2) along the scraping operation direction.