JPH0676685B2 - How to improve the dam - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a method of improving a dam that can effectively exhibit the function of a dam reservoir for a long period of time.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, severe water shortages have frequently occurred in Japan, and appropriate management is needed to effectively utilize the functions of dam reservoirs. However, the reservoirs are buried by sedimentation and water quality due to eutrophication. At present, there are many problems such as deterioration and damage to agricultural products due to cold water discharge.

In particular, the burial of a reservoir by sedimentation completely eliminates its function, so there is an urgent need to take measures immediately.As a countermeasure, the method of sedimentation by dredging has traditionally been used. It has been implemented.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the method of treating sediment by dredging is not only subject to time constraints that can be treated, but also requires a lot of cost, labor and time, and it is difficult to secure a place to discard the sediment. There is a big problem that there is.

In addition to the burial of the reservoir by sedimentation, eutrophication of the stored water causes abnormal growth of algae on the surface and oxygen deficiency in the deep water.
The current situation is that it is not a complete countermeasure.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a method for improving a dam for the purpose of reforming the dam reservoir and effectively exhibiting its function over a long period of time. .

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for improving a dam of the present invention is to install a vertical water collecting pipe in a dam reservoir and to form a number of through holes in the pipe wall from the water collecting pipe along the bottom of the reservoir. The branch pipes are arranged radially, and air or water is aerated or fountained into the water from the through hole of the branch pipe through the water collection pipe, while when the reservoir is buried by sedimentation, etc., inside the sediment layer through the water collection pipe. It is characterized by collecting the above water on the ground.

In addition, for a ground dam that has already been buried, a water collecting well is created in the sediment layer of the dam, and then a porous water collecting pipe is placed in the sand collecting layer so as to communicate with the water collecting well. The feature is that the inside water is naturally flowed into the water collecting well to collect it on the ground.

[Action]

When air is pumped to a large number of branch pipes arranged along the bottom of the reservoir to aerate the water, the eutrophication of the stored water is prevented and the water temperature is made uniform, and in addition, fine floating Things are prevented from settling on the bottom of the water.

Furthermore, if warm water near the surface of the water is sent to the bottom of the water through the branch pipes as needed, the water temperature can be made uniform along with the aeration and damage to agricultural products due to eutrophication and cold water discharge can be prevented. .

Next, if sediment etc. is accumulated in the reservoir due to the use of the dam for a long period of time, the fumes and fountains described above are stopped, and the water in the sediment layer is sucked through the water collection pipe to be used as an underground dam.

For ground dams that have already been buried, the water contained in the sediment layer of the dam is taken into the water collection well through the water collection pipe and collected on the ground to restore the function of the dam as a water utilization facility. It is a thing.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, at the time of constructing a dam, a large number of vertical water collecting pipes (2), (2) ... (2) are arranged in a reservoir (1) at desired intervals in a plane direction. Vertical water collection pipes (2) that are installed upright so that the number of pipes per unit area is approximately equal over the entire area of the reservoir (1)
The lower end portions of (2) are connected and communicated by a horizontal water collecting pipe (3). In addition, the upper end portion of the vertical water collection pipe (2) is projected upward from the water surface of the reservoir (1) and several large water collection pipes (for example, several large diameter vertical water collection pipes arranged along the bank (4) ( Except for 2a), all the upper ends are closed by a lid (5), and the lower ends of all vertical water collection pipes (2) are buried and supported on the water bottom.

Further, in the vertical water collecting pipe (2) whose upper end is closed, the base end of the branch pipe (7) is connected to and communicated with at least a portion near the connecting portion of the horizontal water collecting pipe (3). The tubes (7) are radially arranged horizontally along the bottom of the water.

The horizontal water collection pipe (3a) near the bank (4) is laid outside the reservoir (1) to open outside the bank and is normally closed by the water stop valve (10).

Vertical water collecting pipes (2) (2a), horizontal water collecting pipes (3), and branch pipes (7) have a large number of small-diameter through holes (8) at appropriate intervals on the peripheral walls thereof.
(8) ... (8) is perforated and a branch pipe (7)
The tip of is closed.

These pipes (2), (3) and (7) are arranged along the vicinity of the bottom surface of the reservoir (1) so as to have a substantially equal ratio to the area of the reservoir (1).

Further, inside the above-mentioned several vertical water collection pipes (2a) having open upper ends, a fluid pressure feed pipe (6) having a small diameter is arranged from the open end toward the lower end, and the fluid pressure feed pipes (6 )
Further extends into the horizontal water collection pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7), and these horizontal water collection pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7)
A plurality of small-diameter through holes (11) (11) opened at least upward at appropriate intervals in the length direction are formed in the pipe walls of the fluid pressure feed pipes (6a) (6b) respectively arranged inside. ing.

In the above description, the horizontal water collection pipes (3) are branched from the fluid pressure feed pipes (6) and the fluid pressure feed pipes (6a) and (6b) are branched from the branch pipes (7). And a plurality of fluid pressure feed pipes (6) separately arranged in the vertical water collection pipe (2a) in a converged state to the fluid pressure feed pipes (6a) (6b) arranged in the branch pipe (7), respectively. After connecting and communicating,
The fluid may be separately supplied.

(9) is a pump provided in the fluid pressure feed pipe (6).

After piping in the reservoir (1) as described above, the reservoir (1) is immersed in water, and the pump (9) is driven to supply air through the fluid pressure feed pipe (6) in the vertical water collection pipe (2a). When pumped, the fluid pumping pipe (6) in the horizontal water collection pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7)
Air is supplied to a) and (6b).

The pressure-fed air is jetted into the horizontal water collecting pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7) from the through holes (11) of the fluid pressure feeding pipes (6a) (6b), and the through holes formed in these pipe walls. (8) Aerate into water through (8).

Since the horizontal water collection pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7) are arranged along the vicinity of the bottom surface of the water, the air jetted from the through hole (8) constantly floats up toward the water surface, and the richness of the stored water. It prevents nutrients and also causes convection to uniformize the water temperature on the water surface side and the water surface side, and further prevents fine suspended matter from settling on the water bottom.

Also, if necessary, the pump (9) is driven from the fluid pressure feeding pipe (6) to feed warm water near the water surface, so that the warm water passes through the water collecting pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7). It is possible to eliminate the damage due to eutrophication and discharge of cold water by uniformizing the water temperature together with the aeration, which is supplied and circulated from the hole (8) to the water bottom side.

When the dam is used for many years, due to flooding, etc., sediment flows from the river into the reservoir (1) and accumulates on the bottom of the water, but in that case as well, the water collection pipe (2) is passed through the fluid pressure feed pipe (6) in the same manner as above. Supplying air or water to (3) and the branch pipe (7),
Continue aeration and fountain from the bottom of the reservoir (1).

The modification of the reservoir (1) by such aeration and fountain is performed until the dam is buried by sedimentation, but during the burial of the dam, the modification by aeration and fountain can be performed or the dam can be modified. Both the surface water and the water in the sediment can also flow from the water pipes (2) (3) and the branch pipes (7) to the downstream side outside the bank (4) through the water collection pipe (3a). Eventually, when the dam is buried by sand and sand and the water in the reservoir (1) cannot be used effectively, the aeration and fountain are stopped and the through holes (8) of the water collecting pipes (2) (3) and the branch pipes (7) are stopped. The water in the sedimentation layer can be taken in and flowed downstream through the water collection pipe (3a), and the water is effectively used as an underground dam.

At this time, when the branch pipe (7) or the like is clogged with the collected water, the aeration or fountain as described above is performed to remove the clogging.

The horizontal water collecting pipe (3) and the branch pipe (7) may be arranged sequentially according to the state of sedimentation.

In the above examples, the improvement method of the dam that was initially used as a ground dam, used as both ground and underground dams in the middle, and used as an underground dam after burial was explained. It is also possible to arrange a water collecting pipe in the sediment to collect the water in the sediment layer on the ground.

Specifically, a collection well (vertical shaft) in the sediment layer of the reservoir (1)
After that, a horizontal porous water collecting pipe is arranged in the sedimentation layer from the water collecting well by a small-diameter propulsion method, and the water in the sedimentation layer is allowed to naturally flow into the water collecting well through the water collecting pipe.

In this case, after arranging the water collecting pipe or the like in the sedimentation layer, the air feeding pipe is arranged inside the water collecting pipe or the like that opens on the side of the water collecting well to aerate or aerate from the many holes formed in the water collecting pipe or the like. By spraying water, the fine particles in the sediment are washed and removed, and after that,
It is used as an underground dam that collects water from a water collection pipe to a water collection well.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the method for improving a dam of the present invention, the vertical water collecting pipe is erected in the dam reservoir, and a large number of through holes are formed in the pipe wall from the water collecting pipe along the bottom of the reservoir. The branch pipes are arranged in a radial pattern, and air or water is aerated or fountains from the through holes of the branch pipes through the water collection pipe, so that the eutrophication of the stored water and the precipitation of fine suspended matter are prevented. In addition, the water temperature can be made uniform throughout the reservoir, and damage to agricultural products due to cold water discharge can be eliminated.

In addition, if the dam does not function as a ground dam due to the accumulation of sediment in the reservoir due to the use of the dam for a long period of time, it will be used as an underground dam that collects the water in the sediment layer from the branch pipe through the water collection pipe. Therefore, even if turbid water flows from the river during use as an underground dam, the turbid water is filtered by the sediment and the water temperature does not change much. This is what gives fresh water.

Also, during the sedimentation process, by constantly blowing fumes and water from the branch pipes, it is possible to create large voids in the sediment and improve the water endurance efficiency of the water storage dam, thus increasing the water collection efficiency. is there.

Furthermore, for buried surface dams that have no longer functioned as water use facilities, a water collecting well is created in the sediment layer of the dam, and then a porous water collecting pipe is placed in the sediment layer to communicate with the well. However, since the water in the sediment layer naturally flows into the water collecting well through this porous water collection pipe to collect it on the ground, the pore water in the sediment layer is efficiently collected in the water collecting well through the porous water collection pipe. Water can be stored, and by pumping this water to the ground, the function of the dam as a water use facility can be restored.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show the embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a simplified plan view of a dam, Fig. 2 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a piping state, and Fig. 3 is a simplified vertical sectional side view of a sand deposit state. FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view of the pipe, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical front view thereof. (1) …… Reservoir, (2) (2a) …… Vertical water collection pipe,
(3) …… Horizontal water collection pipe, (6) …… Fluid pumping pipe, (7)
…… Branch pipe, (8) …… Small diameter through hole.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vertical water collecting pipe is erected in a dam reservoir, and branch pipes having a large number of through holes are radially provided from the water collecting pipe along the bottom of the reservoir to form a collecting pipe. Air or water is aerated or fountained into the water through the branch pipe through the water pipe, while the water in the sediment layer is collected on the ground through the water collection pipe when the reservoir is buried by the sediment. How to improve the dam. 2. A water collecting well is formed in the sediment layer of an already buried ground dam, and a porous water collecting pipe is provided in the sediment forming well so as to communicate with the water collecting well, and water in the sediment layer is passed through the porous water collecting pipe. A method for improving a dam, characterized in that the water is naturally flowed into a well to collect water on the ground.