JPH0680278B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shield machine used when constructing a horizontal shaft in the ground.

(Prior art and its problems) In the past, shield tunnels were mostly circular in cross section, but recently, due to their economic efficiency and limited tunnel occupancy width,
Shield tunnels with non-circular cross-sections such as prismatic, eyebrows, oval or elliptical are required.

That is, the problem of the occupied width of the tunnel is that the tunnel is usually laid under the ground such as a public road, and especially in an urban area, the width of the road becomes wider or narrower. Therefore, the width that the tunnel can occupy is limited.

There is also a problem that tunnels must be constructed even if they avoid underground buried objects.

Figure 10 shows examples of them.

FIG. 10 (a) shows a cocoon-shaped non-circular cross-section shield. For example, when constructing a shield tunnel with an eyebrow-shaped cross section shown in Fig. (A), if the road width and the occupied width are almost equal on the route of the tunnel at the beginning, a horizontally long cross section will be created. Although it can be secured, when the road on the ground becomes narrow at a certain place and the occupied width of the tunnel becomes narrow,
It is not possible to suddenly make a cross-section with a narrow occupied width as in (c). Therefore, the posture of the shield machine is changed from (a) to (b),
It is preferable to be able to gradually change from (b) to (c).

Moreover, not only the restriction by the ground road but also the horizontal cross section may have to be the vertical cross section in order to avoid underground buried objects such as gas pipes and telephone lines.

On the contrary, there is a problem in that the vertically long cross section may have to be changed to the horizontally long cross section.

As described above, if the cross section of a shield tunnel with a non-circular cross section needs to be made longer or longer depending on various conditions, it is extremely difficult to change the size and shape of the cross section itself. A method of changing the position of the cross section by rotating it around the center is needed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to rotate a tunnel cross section around its approximate center to arbitrarily set the position of the cross section. It is to provide a shield machine capable of constructing a shield tunnel satisfying the conditions of the occupied width of the tunnel and the surroundings by changing it.

That is, the present invention is, in short, to rotate the shield machine in the cross-sectional direction, and as a means thereof, a rotatable protrusion is provided on the outer shell of the shield machine, and the shield machine is provided by the resistance of the protrusion to penetrate into the ground. Is rotated in the cross-sectional direction.

(Operation) The outer shell 2 of the shield machine has an inclined surface 11a extending along its length so as to be able to receive a large reaction force, formed into a substantially rod-like shape, movable and easily penetrated into the ground. The protrusion 11 is provided, and for example, a rack and a pinion are attached to the inside of the shield machine of the protrusion 11, and the protrusion 11 is moved at a certain angle with respect to the shield excavation direction by operating this, and the moved protrusion The body 11 penetrates into the natural ground, and in order to receive the resistance of the natural ground, the shield machine can be rotationally moved in the cross-sectional direction as its reaction force.

(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition,
It goes without saying that the embodiments are merely examples and various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a shield machine main body capable of excavating a shield tunnel having a non-circular cross section such as an eyebrow cross section, 2 is a shield tube, that is, a shield outer shell made of a steel plate or the like and having a shape in which two circles are joined, A rotatable rotary excavator 3 for excavating the natural ground is provided in front of the shield outer shell 2. This rotary drilling tool 3 is used for drilling a cocoon-shaped cross section.
1, the second cutter spokes 3A, 3B are provided, and these cutter spokes 3A, 3B are provided at the tips of the center shafts 4A, 4B, respectively, and the front portions are provided with the excavating blades 5, 6, respectively. An overcutter 7 is provided at an appropriate position on the outer end portion if necessary. Further, the center shafts 4A, 4B are connected to a drive device (not shown) having a well-known structure on the rear side of the partition wall 8 to form the cutter spokes 3A, 3B.
Bs are rotated in opposite directions. In the illustrated example, the rotary excavation tool 3 projects forward from the shield outer shell 2, but when the ground is soft ground, the shield outer shell 2
It may be housed and arranged in the front part of the inside.
Further, the left and right cutters may be arranged so as to be shifted forward and backward. Reference numeral 9 denotes an earth discharging device having a front end connected to the partition wall 8, which is constituted by, for example, a screw conveyor.

Further, 10 is an opening formed in the shield outer shell 2,
It has a substantially elongated trapezoidal shape and extends along the length direction of the shield outer shell 2, and the so-called bottom side of the trapezoid is located behind the shield outer shell 2. In other words, the rear end of the opening 10 is flared. When the shield machine 1 is viewed from the front, the openings 10 are preferably formed in a pair in the upper and lower parts on the right side and a pair in the upper and lower parts on the left side.
The projection 11 is exposed to the outside of the shield outer shell 2 via the. An inclined surface 11a is formed at the front part of the protrusion 11 to reduce the resistance when the ground penetrates, and the rear side with the front end as the center is indicated by an arrow in the state shown in FIG. It is rotatable up and down as shown by.

In addition, in FIG. 2, 12 is a segment that is sequentially incorporated according to the excavation of the shield machine 1, and 13 is a backing material that is injected between the excavation lateral hole and the outer periphery of the segment 12.

3 to 5 show details of the projection 11 and its moving device. That is, the opening 10 is formed inside the shield shell 2.
A movable outer shell 11A having a seal inscribed therein is provided, and a projection 11 is provided on the outer surface of the movable outer shell 11A. Then, a rack 14 is attached to the inside of the movable outer shell 11A and on the rear side of the shield, and a drive device 16 having a pinion 15 adapted to the rack 14 is attached and fixed to the inside of the shield machine 1. . The drive device 16 has, for example, a hydraulic motor as a main component. As shown in FIG. 5, a supporting portion 11b is formed at the front end of the protrusion 11, and the supporting portion 11b is inside the shield outer shell 2 and the opening 10b.
Is located in the guide groove 17a of the front guide groove 17 provided on the front side of the. Further, the rear end 11c of the projection 11 is also located in the guide groove 18a defined by the rear guide 18 similarly to the inside of the shield shell 2, and the projection 11 is movable. The support portion 11b at the front end may be configured so that a pin is pivotally mounted and the front end of the protrusion 11 is rotated as a fulcrum. Others 19 in FIG. 5 is a sealing material.

Then, by driving the driving device 16, the pinion 15 is rotated, the rack 14 engaged with the pinion 15 is moved, and at the same time, the protrusion 11 attached to the movable outer shell 11A is moved. As shown in the figure, the projection 11 can rotate its rear side in the shield outer peripheral direction around the front end, and its angle can be freely changed.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state in which the projection 11 is substantially parallel to the shield advancing direction. FIG. 7 shows that the driving device 16 is driven to move the projection 11 to an angle α with respect to the shield excavation direction.
It is a front view at the time of holding.

If the mounting position of the protrusion 11 is appropriately changed in this way,
As shown in the figure, as the shield machine 1 is dug, the resistance of the surrounding sand and sand acts on the shield machine 1 as indicated by the arrow, so that the rotational force a of the shield machine 1 is generated, and as shown in FIG. Since 1 can be rotated to a desired posture in the excavation state, the tunnel cross section can be arbitrarily rotated in the cross section direction, and for example, a horizontally long to vertically long tunnel can be built, and the occupying width of the road can be reduced. , You can build a double track subway under a relatively narrow road. In this case, depending on the soil quality or the like, the shield machine 1 can be further easily rotated by excavating the shaded portion A while overexposing with the overcutter 7 provided on the rotary excavator 3. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to (c) in combination with the over cutter 7, when the shield machine is rotated, the mounting position of the projection 11 is not the top or the bottom but the shield machine is substantially horizontal. It is more effective to attach it to the side when it is in the directional posture. In addition, the shape of the protrusion 11 should be as long as the space inside the shield machine allows, and instead the protrusion height should be kept low so as not to be too much resistance to excavation. It is better to set aside as shown.

In this way, by providing the substantially rod-shaped projection 11 having a line or a narrow surface movable by the moving device in the machine,
While excavating the shield, the shield machine can be freely rotated in the cross-sectional direction according to the soil quality and the hardness of the ground.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the projection 11 is configured so that the rear side can be rotated and moved around the front end, but conversely, it may be movable forward, or can be moved forward and backward around the center. Also good. Also, the mounting position and the number of
The most effective position and number can be determined depending on the soil type and the shape of the shield machine. The same applies to the shape, height, length, and movement angle α.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the protrusion is made movable from the inside of the machine simultaneously with the excavation by using the rack and the pinion, but other moving means such as a hydraulic jack may be used.

Further, as the shield machine, it is needless to say that it can be applied to various shield machines such as open type, muddy water, earth pressure, and mud pressure.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, in a shield for constructing a shield tunnel having a non-circular cross section, a front end protruding outside the shield outer shell 2 and extending along the length direction of the shield outer shell 2 At least one or more rod-shaped projections 11 each having an inclined surface 11a formed therein and having an appropriate thickness and rotatable around the front end or the rear end thereof are provided. Since it is connected to a moving device provided in the shell 2 and is rotatable about an appropriate portion of the protrusion, the shield machine is rotated in the cross-sectional direction by the resistance of the ground acting on the protrusion when it is rotated. It can be moved, and even if there is a case where the occupation width is restricted, there is an effect that it can be easily avoided.

Further, since the projection 11 has an appropriate thickness and is substantially rod-shaped extending along the length direction of the shield outer shell 2, sufficient strength and reaction force can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are detailed and operational explanatory views of a moving device of the present invention. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 7, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 and FIG. Is an explanatory view of the moving state of the protrusion, FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the resistance of the ground acting on the shield machine, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the rotating state of the shield machine, and FIGS. c) shows an example of a shield tunnel cross section. 2 ... Shield shell, 11 ... Projection body, 14 ... Rack, 15 ... Pinion, 16 ... Drive device

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Norio Kondo 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Within Daitoyo Kensetsu Co., Ltd. (56) References: 47-17559 (JP, Y1) 45-13575 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shield machine for constructing a shield tunnel having a non-circular cross section. In the shield outer shell 2, at least one pair of substantially trapezoidal openings 10 are formed on the lateral side of the cross section. Projection bodies 11 are respectively projected from the portion 10 to the outside, and these projection bodies 11 extend along the length direction of the shield outer shell 2,
It has a substantially rod shape with an appropriate thickness that can obtain strength and reaction force,
Moreover, the projection 11 is connected to a moving device composed of a rack, a pinion or a jack provided in the shield outer shell 2 and is rotatable in the shield outer peripheral direction around the front or rear of the projection 11. Characteristic shield machine.