JPH0684609B2 - Water level automatic control system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention determines the discharge amount in order to maintain a constant water level within the maximum storage volume of a reservoir or the like in which a dam is installed, and then arranges it in the dam. The present invention relates to a water level automatic control system for performing opening / closing operations of gates and the like (hereinafter, referred to as opening control as necessary).

[Prior Art] In a multipurpose dam, etc. used for power generation, flood control, water source, etc., in order to keep the water level within the maximum storage volume of a reservoir automatically constant, So-called constant water level automatic control is performed, which determines the discharge amount according to the inflow amount. An example of the automatic water level control system relating to the constant water level automatic control is shown in FIG. 4 together with a schematic diagram of the reservoir / dam. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a control device, and further, a target water level setting device 4, a water level meter 6, a water level sensor 6a, an opening degree meter 8, a machine side operation panel 10, a drive mechanism section 12, a discharge facility 14, a dam section 18 have. In addition, W shows stored water and V _W shows discharged water.

In such a water level automatic control system, the dam section 18
A discharge facility 14 capable of setting a plurality of different maximum discharge amounts, in which two types of valves (1), valves (2) and one gate are constructed as discharge means. Then, from the value of the inflow amount of water from the river or the like of the reservoir obtained via the water level gauge 6 and the water level sensor 6a, the discharge amount from the discharge facility 14 is calculated under the action of the control device 2 and the target water level setting device 4. Determine (hereinafter referred to as the determined discharge rate). Then, the opening meter 8, the operation panel 10 and the drive mechanism section 12 are operated to control the opening degree of the discharge facility 14 to discharge the stored water W at the determined discharge amount. In this case, the opening degree control of the valves (1), (2) and the gate which are adapted to the determined discharge amount is achieved as follows.

First, one type of water level versus discharge flow rate table (XY map table) shown in FIG.
The valves (1), (2) and the gate are selected based on the determined discharge flow rate obtained here, and the opening degree of these is controlled.

In the figure, the discharge amount Q ₁ is the maximum discharge amount of the valve (1), the discharge amount Q ₂ is the maximum discharge amount of the valve (2), and the discharge amount Q ₃ is the maximum discharge amount of the gate. When the inflow of the stored water W is less than or equal to the discharge Q ₁ , the opening of the valve (1) is controlled to
Maintained between H ₀ and H ₁ . Then, when the inflow of water from the river exceeds the discharge amount Q ₁ , the opening operation of the valve (2) is performed after the opening operation of the valve (1) is performed to the maximum discharge amount. The opening of the valve (2) is controlled until it exceeds the water level H ₁ and becomes equal to the water level H _{2, and} when the inflow of water from the river to the stored water W increases, the valve (2) reaches the maximum discharge rate. The opening operation is performed as described above. Next, the water level is determined by the inflow value.
The gate opening is controlled until it exceeds H ₂ and becomes equal to the water level H ₃ .

In this way, as the inflow rate increases, the switching operation is performed to the discharge facility having a large discharge capacity. Further, as the inflow rate decreases, it is controlled to switch to a discharge facility with a smaller discharge capacity.

In the [0006] above water level automatic control system according to the prior art, the opening degree control start value, namely, the range of the water level H ₀ target level value of the water level H ₃ is (set value) The opening degree of the discharge facility is controlled so as to be maintained at. The opening degree control is based on the water level deviation between the water storage position which is the current water level and the water level H ₀ of the control start value, and one type of water level vs. discharge flow rate table (XY map table shown in FIG. 5). ) Or a calculating means to obtain the determined discharge rate. In this case, the valve (1) having a small maximum discharge amount is controlled in accordance with the discharge amount of three levels of 0, 1, 2 with the water level deviation, and the valve (2) is further controlled with the water level deviation of 0, 1, 2 It is controlled corresponding to the discharge flow rate in 6 stages of 3, 4, and 5. This means that although a valve with a small discharge capacity can be finely operated, it cannot be controlled in multiple stages and its characteristics are not utilized. That is, when the amount of inflow of water from the river is relatively small with respect to the stored water W, on the contrary, coarse opening degree control is performed, and the discharge amount from the dam changes in large steps. Therefore, the discharge facility has not been effectively used, and thus it is difficult to smoothly control the flow rate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and uses a plurality of discharge facilities in which a controllable water level width (hereinafter, simply referred to as a control water level width) is expanded, and an inflow amount of water from a river to a reservoir. To control the opening of the discharge facility by automatically selecting the discharge facility to perform effective discharge corresponding to the change of
It is an object of the present invention to provide a water level automatic control system that enables more effective constant water level automatic control and labor saving of constant water level automatic control that is frequently performed for a long period of time.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a water level automatic control system that determines a discharge amount to maintain a constant water level and controls the opening of a discharge facility. , A plurality of discharge facilities each having a different maximum discharge amount, an inflow amount detecting means for deriving an inflow amount detection signal of water to the reservoir, and a selection for selecting a specific discharge facility from the plurality of discharge facilities based on the detection signal Means, a target discharge rate determining means for determining a discharge rate from the selected discharge facility for a predetermined period based on an increase / decrease in the value of the detection signal, and an opening degree adjustment of the plurality of discharge facilities. And a control means, wherein the control means performs opening control up to the maximum discharge flow rate of the discharge facility when the water level rises during discharge of the discharge facility where the maximum discharge rate is relatively small. The inflow increases When the water level rises, the discharge facility with the next largest discharge is selected, and the target discharge determined by the step of the next discharge facility is determined from the water level step calculated back from the discharge at the time of the selection. Opening control of this discharge equipment,
On the other hand, among the plurality of discharge facilities, when the discharge amount of the discharge facility having a relatively large maximum discharge amount decreases during the discharge, the discharge facility is reversed in the reverse order of the rising of the water level. Is selected and the opening degree is controlled.

[Operation] In the above-described automatic water level control system of the present invention, the control water level widths of the respective discharge facilities having different water discharge capabilities from the reservoir are the same, and the discharge is determined from the difference between the control start water level and the current water level. When the flow rate is set and the water level rises further from the maximum discharge point of the discharge facility with the smallest maximum discharge amount, the opening control to the transition point of the next discharge facility is performed, and then this discharge is continued. The opening degree of the equipment is controlled. In this way, when the inflow of water into the reservoir decreases under the continuous opening control of a plurality of discharge facilities, the discharge facilities are selected and the opening control is performed by the procedure reverse to the above.

As a result, the discharge facility that effectively matches the change in the amount of water flowing into the reservoir is automatically selected, and the storage control is performed.

Example Next, an example of the water level automatic control system according to the present invention will be described.
The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the configuration will be described.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral Dm is a dam, and the dam Dm is
Valve B ₁ with maximum discharge of 5.00 m ³ / s, maximum discharge of 30.00 m
³ / valves B ₂ and a maximum discharge amount of s is 250.00M ³ / s gate G
a is provided. Here, the reference signs V _W1 , V _W2 , and V _W3 indicate the respective discharged water.

Reference numeral 30 is a control device that controls the determined discharge amount from the dam Dm, and further includes valves B ₁ and B ₂ and a gate Ga.
Target discharge determination mechanism part having a control function related to the opening control of the
32, 34 and 35, a target water level setter 38 for outputting the target water level signal S _1, and a target water level signal branch circuit 40 for outputting the branch setting signals S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ and further the water level information signal. It has a water level gauge 42 that outputs S ₇ and a water level information signal branch circuit 44 that outputs branch water level information signals S ₁₀ , S ₁₁ , and S ₁₂ .

Further comprising a valve opening meter 46 for outputting an opening information signal S ₂₀ according to the valve B _1, a valve-side operating panel 48 the control signal S ₂₁ of the valve B ₁ is supplied, and a valve drive mechanism 50 further organic and valve opening meter 54 for outputting an opening information signal S ₂₂ according to the valve B _2, the valve-side operation panel 56 to the control signal S ₂₃ of the valve B ₂ is supplied, and a valve drive mechanism 58 is doing.

Further, it is provided with a gate opening degree meter 60 which outputs a gate opening degree information signal S ₂₅ of the gate Ga, a gate machine side operation panel 62 to which a gate control signal S ₂₆ is supplied, and a gate drive mechanism 64.

Reference numeral Po indicates a reservoir, W indicates the amount of stored water, reference numeral 42a indicates a water level sensor, and reference numeral 100 indicates a protection control unit that performs control when the system is down.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described.

First, in the target water level setting device 38, for example, the target discharge water level considering the seasonal variation and the like is set by the input means Pm such as a keyboard. The target water level signal S ₁ derived here is supplied to the target water level signal branch circuit 40, and the branch setting signals S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅
And is input to the target discharge determination mechanism units 32, 34 and 35.

On the other hand, the water level information signal S ₇ derived from the water level gauge 42 is input to the water level information signal branch circuit 44, and the branched water level information signals S ₁₀ , S ₁₁ , and S ₁₂ divided here are the target discharge determination mechanism unit 32, 34
And 35 are input respectively.

Further, the target discharge determination mechanism parts 32, 34 and 35 are provided with the opening information signal S ₂₀ of the valve B ₁ derived from the valve opening meter 46.
And the opening information signal S derived from the valve opening meter 54.
₂₂ and the gate opening information signal S _{25 of the} gate Ga derived from the gate opening meter 60 are supplied.

Next, the control signals S ₂₁ , S ₂₃ and the gate control signal S ₂₆ sent from the target discharge determination mechanism units 32, 34 and 35 are supplied to the valve machine side operation panels 48, 56 and the gate machine side operation panel 62, respectively. Here, the valves B ₁ , B ₂ and the gate are connected through the connected valve drives 50, 58 and the gate drive 64.
Ga opening control is performed.

In this way, when discharge from the valves B ₁ and B ₂ and the gate Ga (discharge water V _W1 , V _W2 , V _W3 ) is performed, the target water level signal S ₁ and the water level information signal S ₇ and the opening Information signal S ₂₀ , S ₂₂
The control device 30 determines the discharge amount based on the gate opening information signal S ₂₅ , and the control signals S ₂₁ , S ₂₃ and the gate control signal
S ₂₆ is output from the control device 30, which causes valves B ₁ , B
₂ and the opening degree of the gate Ga are controlled. This is so-called constant water level automatic control.

The constant water level automatic control is as follows.

Maximum discharge amount of the valve B _1, B ₂ is 5.00m ³ /s,30.00m ³ /
s, the maximum discharge amount of the gate Ga is 250.00 m ³ / s, based on the control signals S ₂₁ , S ₂₃ and the gate control signal S ₂₆ sent from the target discharge determination mechanism units 32, 34 and 35, that is, , (A) to (c) of FIG. 2, the opening control of the valves B ₁ and B ₂ and the gate Ga relating to the water level deviation / water level step / discharge amount in the target discharge amount table is performed. Here, the control water level width is 20 cm, and the deviation of the water level from the control start water level is 1 step = 1 cm.

First, from the target discharge determination mechanism 32 to the valve machine side operation panel
Based on the control signal S ₂₁ sent 48, discharge amount of the maximum water level deviation level deviation versus target discharge amount table (FIG. 2 a)
The opening of valve B ₁ is controlled up to the point of 5.00 m ³ / s.

Next, set the discharge rate of valve B ₁ to 5.00 m ³ / s (20 steps) as the water level deviation of valve B ₂ against the target discharge rate table (Fig. 2b).
It is assumed that it is equal to the discharge flow rate of 4.8 m ³ / s in the 8th step of the above, and at this point, the discharge flow of the valve B ₁ is performed based on the control signal S ₂₁ sent from the target discharge determination mechanism section 32 to the valve machine side operation panel 48. The stop opening control is performed, and then the target discharge determination mechanism section
Based on the control signal S ₂₃ sent from the valve machine side operation panel 56, the opening degree control for discharging from the valve B ₂ is performed.

Furthermore, the 30.00 m ³ / s point of the maximum discharge of the valve B ₂ is the water level deviation of the gate Ga vs. 7 of the target discharge table (Fig. 2c).
It is considered that the discharge amount of the step is equal to 31.0 m ³ / s, and at this point, the discharge of the valve B ₂ is stopped based on the control signal S ₂₃ output from the target discharge determination mechanism unit 34 to the valve machine side operation panel 56. The opening control is performed, and subsequently, the opening control of the gate Ga for discharging from the gate Ga is performed based on the gate control signal S ₂₆ output from the target discharge determination mechanism section 35 to the gate machine side operation panel 62. . When this opening degree control is performed, the control water level width considering the transition point is 48 cm even if the discharge rate of the constant water level automatic control is 0 to 250 m ³ / s.

The constant water level automatic control is shown in a continuous diagram (Fig. 3). Assuming that the set water level is H _3A , 0 to 250 m ³ / s depending on the gate Ga
In the opening degree control, the control start water level is H ₃₀ , the control start water level by the valve B ₂ is H ₂₀ , and the control start water level by the valve B ₁ is H ₁₀ . P ₁ and P ₂ are transition points of the above-mentioned opening degree control, respectively.

Here, when the inflow is within the range of 0 to ⁵ m ³ / s, the water level H ₁₀ ~
During H _1A , the opening degree of the valve B ₁ is controlled in 20 steps, and the discharge is finely controlled. Furthermore, the inflow is 5.00 m ³
At the water level of H _1A +1 step beyond / s, the opening control of the discharge stop of valve B ₁ is performed, and then the opening control related to the discharge of 6.1m ³ / s at the 9th step from valve B ₂ Is done.
Then, the opening degree of the valve B ₂ is controlled up to the maximum discharge point. Next, after the discharge by the opening control for 30.00m ³ / s is performed, when the inflow increases further and reaches the water level at the step point of H _2A +1, the opening control for stopping the discharge of valve B ₂ is performed. After that, the opening degree control for 41 m ³ / s in the eighth step of the gate Ga is performed. If the inflow rate further increases here, the opening control of the gate Ga is performed up to 250 m ³ / s related to the maximum discharge rate. In addition, in the constant water level automatic control, at the time of switching transition, the gate Ga or valve B ₁ whose opening is controlled,
It is those with the opening control allowed to stop discharge of the B _2, which prevents the occurrence of hunting by providing a dead zone in the detection of a decrease or increase of the water level at the time of switching transition.

Further, the present embodiment is provided with the protection control unit 100 that functions when the system goes down. The protection control unit 100, for example, when the valve B ₁ , B ₂ and the gate Ga are all subjected to the opening control limited to the open state, the opening control is stopped, and the valve B ₁ , The opening control for stopping the discharge of B ₂ and the gate Ga, that is, the protection control is performed. Here, the detection signals S _{C1 to} S _C n are taken in from the detection means (not shown) connected to each part, and the protection control signals C _{1 to C} n for fully closing the valves B ₁ , B ₂ and the gate Ga are provided. Are output to the valve drive mechanisms 50 and 58, the gate drive mechanism 64, and the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, the valves B ₁ , B ₂ and the gate Ga are
However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is also included in the present invention to perform similar constant water level automatic control using discharge equipment such as four or more gates or valves.

As described above, according to the present invention, the discharge capacity of each discharge facility is effectively used, the change of the inflow amount can be smoothly dealt with, and the labor saving of the control can be achieved.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the automatic water level control system of the present invention, the control water level widths of the respective discharge facilities having different discharge capacities are set to be the same and determined from the difference between the control start water level and the current water level. The discharge amount is set, and if the water level rises further from the maximum discharge point of the discharge facility with the smallest maximum discharge amount, the opening control is performed to the transition point of the next discharge facility, and then this The opening degree of the discharge facility is controlled. When the water level decreases under such continuous opening control for the discharge equipment, the discharge equipment is selected and the opening control is performed in the reverse procedure of the rise of the water level.

As a result, discharge control is performed in which the discharge facility is automatically selected to perform effective discharge corresponding to the change in the inflow from the river etc. to the stored water, and more effective constant water level automatic control is achieved. Thus, it is possible to save labor in automatic constant water level control that is frequently performed over a long period of time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an automatic water level control system of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is an overall configuration diagram shown together with a schematic diagram of a reservoir / dam to which it is applied, Fig. 2 is a diagram used for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram provided for explaining the process of determining the target discharge amount according to the water level. FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram showing an outline of the entire water level automatic control system according to the conventional technique. FIG. 6 is a diagram provided for explaining a process of determining a target discharge amount according to a water level in the water level automatic control system shown in FIG. 4. 30 ... Control device, 32, 34, 35 ... Target discharge determination mechanism 38 ... Target water level setter, 40 ... Target water level signal branch circuit 42 ... Water level gauge, 42a ... Water level sensor 44 ... Water level information Signal branch circuit, 46 …… Valve opening meter 48 …… Valve machine side operation panel, 50 …… Valve drive mechanism 54 …… Valve opening meter, 56 …… Valve machine side operation panel 58 …… Valve drive mechanism, 60 …… Gate opening meter 62 …… Gate side operation panel, 64 …… Gate drive mechanism 100 …… Protection control unit, Ga …… Gate Dm …… Dam, B ₁ , B ₂ …… Valve W …… Water storage Po …… Reservoir V _W1 , V _W2 , V _W3 …… Discharge water, S ₁ …… Target water level signal S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ …… Branch setting signal, S ₇ …… Water level information signal S ₁₀ , S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ …… Branch water level information signal, S ₂₀ , S ₂₂ …… Opening information signal S ₂₁ , S ₂₃ …… Control signal, S ₂₅ …… Gate opening information signal S ₂₆ …… Gate control signal

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An automatic water level control system for controlling the opening of a discharge facility by determining the discharge amount to maintain a constant water level, and a plurality of discharge facilities having different maximum discharge amounts and water for a reservoir. Inflow amount detection means for deriving an inflow amount detection signal, selection means for selecting a specific discharge facility from the plurality of discharge facilities based on the detection signal, and at the same water level width based on an increase or decrease in the value of the detection signal. A target discharge rate determining means for determining a discharge rate from the selected discharge facility for a predetermined period of time; and a control means for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of discharge facilities, wherein the control means has a maximum discharge rate. When the water level rises during the discharge of a relatively small discharge facility, the opening control is performed up to the maximum discharge rate of the discharge facility, and when the inflow increases and the water level rises, the next maximum A discharge facility with a large discharge -Option, and from the water level steps backward from discharge amount during the selection, and determines a target discharge amount determined by the next spillway step performs opening control of the spillway,
On the other hand, among the plurality of discharge facilities, when the discharge amount of the discharge facility having a relatively large maximum discharge amount decreases during the discharge, the discharge facility is reversed in the reverse order of the rising of the water level. A water level automatic control system, which is characterized by performing selection and opening control.