JPH0684629B2 - Soil improvement mat - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil improvement mat used for improving acidic soil that is harmful to the growth of plants, for example, on the greening of slopes.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, improvement of acidic soil is carried out by a method in which slaked lime or calcium carbonate is sprinkled with powder and stirred with soil.

This soil improvement method dissolves powder of slaked lime and calcium carbonate in the water in the soil, and the effect of soil improvement by neutralization reaction is exerted early, so it is very effective when greening the horizontal ground of acidic soil. Is.

However, if the construction target is a slope, not only is it difficult to mix with soil because it is difficult to construct, but slaked lime and calcium carbonate are easily washed away by rainfall, so even if short-term effects can be expected, long-term effects can be expected. It was difficult to maintain vegetation.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In view of the above-mentioned present situation, the present invention is easy to construct even on the slope, and the effect of soil improvement by the neutralization reaction is early,
Moreover, the present invention intends to provide a soil improvement mat that can be continuously exerted for a long period of time.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The technical means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows.

That is, the feature of the soil improving mat according to the first aspect of the present invention is that granular calcium carbonate having different particle diameters is formed in the concave portion on one side of the concavo-convex plate formed by a water-soluble material in a cross-sectional shape having a large number of concavo-convex portions on both sides. This is because the soil improving agent mixed with was contained and the lid was covered with a water-soluble sheet-shaped member.

A feature of the soil improving mat according to the second aspect of the present invention is that a tension grass is attached to one surface of the soil improving mat described above.

The soil improvement mat according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a concave portion on one side of an uneven plate formed of a water-soluble material in a cross-sectional shape having a large number of uneven portions is mixed with granular calcium carbonate having different particle diameters. Accommodating soil improvement agents,
This is because the water-soluble sheet-shaped member was used for the lid, and the recessed portion on the opposite side was covered with the vegetation base material and the water-soluble sheet-shaped member was used for the lid.

In addition, in any of the first invention and the third invention, it is desirable for the growth of vegetation to use a soil improver containing a chemical fertilizer and a water retention agent as the soil improving agent to be stored in the recess. Further, vegetative seeds such as grass seeds, flower seeds and native plant seeds can be mixed and carried out.

[Action]

According to the configuration of each of the above inventions, when the acidic soil harmful to the growth of plants is improved, even if the construction object is a slope, the soil improvement mat can be easily laid on the slope.

Then, in the state where the soil improvement mat is laid, of the granular calcium carbonate contained in the recesses, the one with a smaller particle size first dissolves in rainwater or the water in the soil and penetrates into the soil. The soil improvement effect by the Japanese reaction is exhibited early, and the large particle size has a small surface area per unit weight and gradually elutes, so the soil improvement effect is continuously exhibited for a long time. Will be.

Further, since the uneven plate and the sheet-shaped member are both water-soluble, there is no fear of hindering the germination of vegetation seeds or the growth of roots.

According to the configurations of the second invention and the third invention, since the vegetation seeds are sown at the same time by laying the soil improvement mat, the construction is further simplified.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a soil improvement mat A according to the first invention. This soil improvement mat A has a cross section having a large number of uneven portions a and b on both sides of a water-soluble material such as a material obtained by kneading a water-soluble sizing agent with an organic material such as a superabsorbent polymer, pulp, or peat moss. Concavo-convex board 1 shaped into a shape
And a soil improving agent 2 housed in a concave portion a on one side of the concave and convex board 1 (a side which becomes a back surface in use), and a water-soluble sheet-like member 3 having a lid on the concave portion a. Irregularities
The shapes of a and b can be arbitrarily set such as a round shape as shown in the drawing, a square shape, a parallel row shape (continuous wave shape), and the like.

As the soil improver 2, a mixture of granular calcium carbonate having different grain shapes, specifically, limestone is crushed to have a grain size of 0.3 to 0.8 mm, 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and 1.5 to 5.0 mm. It is also possible to mix only the equal amount of the divided substances, but in this embodiment, the chemical fertilizer 4 and the water retention agent 5 are further mixed. The amount of calcium carbonate contained in the concave portion a can be set arbitrarily, but it is desirable in practice to set it to about 50 to 2000 g / m ² .

As the chemical fertilizer 4, one kind or several kinds can be appropriately selected and used from slow-acting, slow-acting, and ultra-slow-acting fertilizers. The most preferred embodiment is to use a mixture of all the above types.

As the water retention agent 5, one type or several types can be appropriately selected and used from inorganic type such as vermukilite and perlite and organic type such as bark compost and peat moss. The most preferred embodiment is to use a mixture of inorganic and organic water retention agents.

As the water-soluble sheet-shaped member 3, for example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), dispersible non-woven fabric, crepe paper, and the like, as shown in FIG. 3, a laminate of a coarse net 6a and a water-soluble film 6b are laminated. May be used. In this case, as the coarse net 6a, for example, a net having a large mesh (for example, 2 to 20 mm) formed by plain weaving a flat yarn of plant fiber or chemical fiber (for example, polyester or polypropylene) that is difficult to be dissolved by moisture (so-called Split cloth) is used. The water-soluble film 6b may be a polymer-based or starch-based film that dissolves in water, and a nonwoven fabric with excellent dispersibility in which fibers are bonded with a water-soluble binder (for example, thickness 1.5 denier, length 51 mm
Fiber of 80% fiber, 20% binder, and a unit weight of 23 g / m ² by a water-soluble binder with a low degree of polymerization such as polyvinyl alcohol) Good.

In addition to the chemical fertilizer 3 and the water retention agent 4, vegetative seeds such as grass seeds, flower seeds and native plant seeds may be mixed in the soil conditioner 2.

Next, an example of using the soil improvement mat A will be described.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, after laying the soil improvement mat A on the slope 7 and fixing it with pegs 8 or the like, above it,
The vegetation base material B, which is a gel of vegetation seeds, fertilizer, water retention agent, etc., is sprayed to green the slope 7. In this case, since the vegetation base material B is surely attached due to the uneven portions a and b on the surface of the soil improvement mat A, it is possible to omit the coarse net as the base material used in the general vegetation base material spraying method. It is possible.

According to the above configuration, among the granular calcium carbonate contained in the concave portion a of the soil improvement mat A, one having a small particle size has a large surface area per unit weight and is quickly dissolved in rainwater or water in soil. Therefore, the soil improvement effect due to the neutralization reaction with the acidic soil is exerted early, while the large grain type gradually dissolves out, so the soil improvement effect is exerted continuously over a long period of time. Become.

Further, since the uneven board 1 and the sheet-like member 3 are both water-soluble, they do not hinder the growth of roots of vegetation seeds.

Particularly, in the above-mentioned embodiment, since the soil fertilizer 2 is mixed with the chemical fertilizer 4 and the water retention agent 5, the soil improvement mat A
However, it not only neutralizes and improves the acidic soil, but also serves as a base for vegetation and is very effective for greening the slope 6.

FIG. 5 shows another example of use of the soil improvement mat A.
This example of use is characterized in that the turf grass C is laid on the slope 7 and then the soil improving mat A is laid above it. Although not shown, contrary to the above, it is also possible to install the soil improvement mat A on the slope 7 and then lay the stretched grass C above it to carry out the operation. Here, the tension turf body C is a mesh having a mesh that does not hinder germination or root growth, or a non-woven fabric excellent in dispersibility as described above, on which vegetative seeds such as lawn are supported via a water-soluble glue. say.

FIG. 6 shows a soil improvement mat A according to the second invention. This soil improvement mat A is characterized in that the above-mentioned stretch lawn body C is attached to one side of the soil improvement mat shown in Figs. 1 and 2 (in the illustrated example, the back side may be the front side). The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment of the invention, so the explanation is omitted.

If this soil improvement mat A is used, the laying step for the tension grass body C will be omitted, so that the workability can be improved.

7 and 8 show a soil improvement mat A according to the third invention. This soil improving mat A contains a soil improving agent 2 in which granular calcium carbonate having different particle diameters is mixed in a concave portion a on one side of a concavo-convex disc 1 described in detail in the first embodiment of the present invention, and is water-soluble. The sheet-like member 3 having a heat-resistant property is covered with the vegetation base material B in the recess a on the opposite side, and the water-soluble sheet-like member 9 made of the same material as the sheet-like member 3 is used as a cover. The point is characteristic. Other configurations, for example, mixing the chemical fertilizer 4 and the water retention agent 5 and the like into the soil conditioner 2 are the same as those in the first embodiment of the invention, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

If this soil improving mat A is used, as shown in FIG. 8, the vegetation base material B can be laid only by laying the soil improving mat A on the slope 7, and the spraying process and the turf grass body can be laid. Since the laying process of C is omitted, the workability can be improved.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

According to claims (1) to (3), when improving the acidic soil harmful to the growth of plants, even if the construction target is a slope, it is possible to simply perform the soil improvement and the work of laying a mat. Can be installed. Further, since the uneven plate and the sheet-shaped member are both water-soluble, they do not interfere with the germination of vegetation and the growth of roots.

In particular, as the soil improver to be housed in the recess, a mixture of granular calcium carbonate with different particle sizes is used, so the effect of soil improvement by the neutralization reaction can be exerted early and continuously for a long time. To be done.

According to claims (2) and (3), since the spraying step and the laying step of the stretched grass body are omitted, the workability can be improved.

According to claim (4), the soil improver in which the granular calcium carbonate having a different particle size is mixed with the chemical fertilizer and the water retention agent, the soil improve mat neutralizes the acidic soil. Not only is it improved, but it also serves as a base for vegetation and is very effective for greening slopes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the first invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a soil improvement mat partially broken away.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a soil improving mat, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a water-soluble sheet-like member, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic sectional views illustrating an example of using the soil improving mat. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a soil improvement mat showing an embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a soil improving mat showing an embodiment of the third invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view for explaining an example of use of the soil improving mat. A: soil improvement mat, 1 ... uneven board, a ... recess, b
...... Convex part, 2 …… Soil conditioner, 3 …… Sheet member, 4
...... Chemical fertilizer, 5 …… Water retention agent, 9 …… Sheet-shaped member.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tadashi Shibata 590-1, Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Japan Vegetation Co., Ltd. (56) Bibliographic references Sho 58-161404 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A soil improving agent in which granular calcium carbonate having different particle diameters is mixed in a concave portion on one side of a concavo-convex plate formed by a water-soluble material in a cross-sectional shape having a large number of concavo-convex portions on both sides. In addition, the soil improvement mat is characterized in that it is covered with a water-soluble sheet-shaped member. 2. A soil conditioner containing a mixture of granular calcium carbonate having different particle sizes in a concave portion on one side of a concave-convex plate formed by a water-soluble material in a cross-sectional shape having a large number of concave-convex portions on both sides. In addition, the soil improvement mat is characterized in that it is covered with a water-soluble sheet-shaped member and a tension grass body is attached to one surface. 3. A soil conditioner containing a mixture of granular calcium carbonate having different particle sizes in a concave portion on one side of a concave-convex plate formed by a water-soluble material in a cross-sectional shape having a large number of concave and convex portions on both sides. At the same time, the lid is covered with a water-soluble sheet-shaped member, and the vegetation base material is housed in the recess on the opposite side,
A soil improvement mat, which is covered with a water-soluble sheet-shaped member. 4. The soil improvement mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the soil improvement agent is mixed with a chemical fertilizer and a water retention agent.