JPH0685129B2 - Numerical control device that can change data in subprogram - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drill device or a tap device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a numerical control device having a fixed cycle function which is used for drilling, tapping and the like.

[Prior Art] In order to machine a large number of holes, the position of each hole is programmed by the X and Y axes, and the depth dimension, that is, the Z axis is also programmed for each hole. If the drilling is the same hole, after determining each X and Y axis, a preprogrammed fixed cycle is called, that is, APT (Automatical
In the case of ly Programmed Tools), hole processing is executed by command statements such as macro (MACRO), loop (LOOP), and copy (COPY).

However, in the case of drilling a workpiece as described below, the above fixing cycle cannot be used. What is shown in FIG. 2 is a plan view of the workpiece, and FIG. 3 is a development view of the cross section. Eight drill holes and taps are made on each. The holes I to VIII are located at equal intervals on the same circumference with the point O as the center. The depth of the drill hole is different from the depth of the other holes in II and VI, and the depth dimension c (15 mm in the data example of FIG. 1),
e (ibid. 25). Only III and VI tap holes have different depths e (10) and f (18). Therefore, the drilling is performed with the standard drill depth a (20) except II and VI, and the tapping is the standard tap depth b (15) except III and VI.

For such workpieces, the drilled holes II and VI positions cannot be subprogrammed or fixed cycles. Therefore, as the program gets longer,
If there is a change in the length direction even at one place, it is necessary to change the entire machining program. Also, when using a subprogram, if there is a change in even one place, the subprogram is remade. For example, the program included: For center drilling,
G81 X Y R Z F Lo; (However, G81 means a command (G code) for reading a fixed cycle suitable for center drilling, X, Y, and Z are axis names, respectively, and indicate a position on coordinates, R; Indicates the cutting start point, F indicates the feed amount, and Lo indicates the number of repetitions of the fixed cycle.) This program is set for each of the holes I to VIII.
In the processing example, the number of steps is eight. For drilling and tapping the same program, a program similar to the center drill is set up for each hole.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Such a program is complicated and long, and inevitably increases program errors. An object of the present invention is to provide a numerical control device in which a machining program is shortened and simplified, and an operator does not make a program mistake.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To solve the above problems, the following means are adopted.

X, Y, where the relative movements of the tool and the workpiece are orthogonal to each other
In a numerical control device for a machine tool having a Z-axis, a machining program storage device (20a) in which a machining program for sequentially machining a plurality of machining points of the workpiece is stored; A subprogram recording device (20b) which is called by a command block and stores a subprogram for performing a routine operation for repeatedly machining a plurality of machining points of the workpiece.
A standard machining data storage device (5) that stores standard machining position data for performing a routine operation in the subprogram; and a machining operation other than the routine operation when executing the subprogram. A specific machining data storage device (21) that stores machining data that is specific position data corresponding to the machining location number read from the machining program to perform the machining of the plurality of machining locations by the subprogram. A machining number counter (2) that counts the number of times, and a sub-program that performs a standard operation of the sub-program when the sub-program is executed or that takes into consideration the machining data stored in the machining-data storage device. Discriminating means (3) for discriminating whether or not to operate by comparing the machining location number with the machining frequency; each of the storage devices; A machining number counter and a central processing unit for controlling and controlling the discriminating means are provided, and each machining location is stored in specific machining data stored in the machining data storage device or in the standard machining data storage device. A numerical control device capable of changing data of a subprogram, wherein standard machining data is selectively read through the discriminating means and the subprogram can be executed according to the read data.

[Operation] In a numerical control device for a machine tool having X, Y, and Z axes in which relative motions of a tool and a workpiece are orthogonal to each other, execute a stored machining program for machining, and execute the machining program There is a sub-program in the machine to perform routine movements such as drilling and tapping. When the standard Z-axis value is used, the standard Z-axis movement value is stored in the standard machining data storage device. Is stored in another specific data storage device that stores another Z-axis value, and when the machining program is executed, the sub-program and the Z-axis machining data in the machining data storage device are selected through the discriminating means. To execute it.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a numerical controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the same figure, across the central bus connected to the CPU (central processing unit), the left side shows various data stored in each storage device by the numerical control device of this embodiment,
A program is shown, and the data on the right side is a diagrammatic representation of a control device for executing the program. A machining program is stored in the machining program storage device 20 in the numerical controller. This machining program has a main program and a sub program. The program storage device 20 includes a machining program storage device 20a that stores a main program and a subprogram storage device 20 that stores a subprogram.
It consists of b and.

Subprograms can be called as appropriate with specific commands from the main program. In this embodiment, G81 is a command for calling a sub-program that is a machining program (fixed cycle) for performing center drilling or drilling. Similarly, G84 is a command to call a subprogram for tap processing. In the case of standard drilling, the standard drilling depth ZZ is stored, and the drilling is executed at the standardized working depth. Similarly, in the case of standard center drilling and tapping, processing is performed with standard processing depth ZZ. It has a standard machining data storage device (hereinafter referred to as a standard memory) 5 for storing each of these standard machining depths, that is, the feed amount in the Z-axis direction.

Further, the specific processing data storage device 21a has a standard processing depth Z
Specific machining data for machining a hole different from Z 2
This is a memory that holds and stores types of data. The two types of data include i, which indicates a processing portion of a hole having a dimension different from the standard processing depth, and J, which indicates the processing depth dimension of the processing portion of this i. K indicates the number of data (number of holes) other than the standard working depth. Similarly, two types of data (i, j), which are specific machining data for tapping holes with a machining depth different from the standard machining depth ZZ for tapping,
The specific processing data storage device 21b holds and stores it. The storage of this data is written and held in a specific processed data storage device 21 (hereinafter, referred to as a specific memory), but it can be rewritten as needed from an external keyboard, but in the present embodiment. Then, it can be rewritten by the command of M98.

An NC positioning control device is shown on the upper right side of FIG. The discriminating circuit 1 is a discriminating circuit for discriminating the end of the subroutine by the command of M99. The output of the discrimination circuit 1 is input to the AND gates 14, 15, 16 via the inverter 17. By the determination of the end of this subroutine, it is determined whether or not the fixed cycle of drilling or tapping, that is, the subroutine is completed.

The counter 2 counts the number of machining times A by a subprogram called by G81 (G code for fixed cycle for center drilling and drilling) or G84 (G code for fixed cycle for tapping). is there. In other words, it is a number indicating which number of the hole in the processing example described above was processed. This counter 2 has an AND gate 14
The input signal from the AND gate 15 is obtained to count A. The AND gate 14 outputs the input from the OR gate 11 and the input of the inverter 17.

This means that G81 and G84 are executed and the inverter 17
Output only when there is output from, that is, when it is determined that M99 is not executed. Similarly, the AND gate 15 also outputs the number of times of machining. The result counted by the counter 2 is output to the discriminator 3.

The discriminator 3 reads the processing location (i) through the OR gate 13 and the AND gate 16 and determines whether the processing location (i) is the same as the processing number A or not. When G81 and G84 are executed, the AND gate 16 uses the specified memory 21a (G81) and the specified memory 21b (G8
4) Input the K-th i. I set by the discriminator 3
When the contents of the counter 2 and the contents A of the counter 2 match, the specific memory 21
Set value j of a (or 21b), that is, machining depth j different from standard
Is called and set in the memory 4, and a movement command in the Z-axis direction is given to the servo mechanism of the NC unit. If the discriminator 3 determines that the set value is not i, the standard machining depth of the standard memory 5
ZZ is taken in and the value is instructed to the servo mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an example showing a tool tip locus when machining is performed by the numerical controller of the present invention. The tool is first fast-forwarded to the initial point to drill the hole 11. The initial point is a point at which the tool once stops so that the tool does not collide with the workpiece. The position of this initial point is a point that can be freely selected by the user, but in this example, the initial point is set above the plane of the machined hole 12 because it becomes an obstacle when advancing to the next machined hole 12. In this embodiment, this initial point is
The tool tip moves to this position according to the G98 command.

The position closer to the machined hole from the initial point is the R point.
Point R is the starting point of cutting feed. Normally, the drill is set to n = 2mm and the tap is set to n = 5mm from the surface of the workpiece. This R point is also the starting point for executing the subprograms for drilling and tapping. In this example, G9
With the command of 9, move so that the tool tip is located at this R point. The initial point and the R point may be set at the same point.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of changing the Z value of the numerical controller according to this embodiment. This flowchart is a flow chart common to both drilling and tapping. In step, the value of argument i is specified memory 21a, 21b
Make each store inside. In this embodiment, 10 pieces of fluctuation data can be stored.

Similarly, j, that is, 10 processing depths are stored. That is, following the G81 block, M98P for drilling △△△
When reading i 2 J-15 i6 J-25 ;, the first i-th data 2 in the number (k) order in the first specific memory 21a,
The data 15 of J, the data 6 of i at the second position, and the data 25 of J are stored. This memory may be input from a keyboard provided in the control device. Similarly, M98 P △ △ △ △ i3 J-10 i6 for tap processing following the G84…; block
J-18; is read into the second memory 21b, which is 3, 10, 2 first.
Then remember 6,18.

Standard drill depth and standard tap depth in steps
G81 ... Z-5 ...; and G84 ... Z-15 ...; read, Z
The values of -5 and Z-15 are set in the standard memory 5. The K counter is set to 1 in step. At step S1, the A counter (2) is set to 1. In the step, it is judged whether or not the data of i and J set in the first and second specific memories 21a and 21b exist. In other words, it is determined whether or not there is a processed portion other than the standard drill depth and the standard tap depth. If it is determined in this step that there is a set value, the number of machining times A is the first number (K =
It is determined whether or not it matches the i data set in 1). Speaking of the processing example (FIG. 3), the hole I for drilling is shown.
In this case, A is 1 and i is 2, so that they do not match and the process proceeds to the standard machining depth.

In the case of the hole II, since A is 2 and i is 2, the two coincide with each other, and the machining depth (J) set in the step is calculated from the set value in the first specific memory (drill) 21a (for example, i is Two
In the case of, the processing depth data of 15) is read and set in the memory 4. Next, in step, 1 is added to the K counter. The X and Y positions of the hole are positioned in steps, and the processing is started. This processing is performed according to the specific processing depth data. Further, other subprograms for drilling are prepared as necessary, and the drilling is performed according to this program.

When the machining is completed, the instruction M99 for ending the subroutine is issued in step and the process proceeds to the next step. That is, this step determines whether or not eight holes have been drilled. If not finished, proceed to step and process 1 in counter A,
The process proceeds to step and the same operation as described above is repeated. When all processing is completed, a signal indicating the end of the subroutine is issued and the process proceeds to the next step of the main program.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, when the numerical control device of the present invention is used, the program is simplified and shortened, no program error occurs, and the memory capacity can be saved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a numerical control device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of processing by the numerical control device of the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is a development view of a cross section. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the trajectory of the tool of the numerical control device of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operation of the numerical control device shown in FIG. 1 ... Subroutine end discriminator, 2 ... Counter, 3 ...
… Discriminator, 4 …… Processing depth memory other than standard, 5 ……
Standard processing depth memory

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A numerical controller for a machine tool having X, Y, and Z axes in which relative motions of a tool and a workpiece are orthogonal to each other, wherein a plurality of machining points of the workpiece are machined sequentially. A machining program storage device (20a) in which a machining program is stored, and which is called by a specific command block of the machining program and has a routine operation for repeatedly machining a plurality of machining points of the workpiece. Subprogram storage device (20b) for storing subprograms of
A standard machining data storage device (5) that stores standard machining position data for performing a routine operation in the subprogram; and a machining operation other than the routine operation when executing the subprogram. A specific machining data storage device (21) that stores machining data that is specific position data corresponding to the machining location number read from the machining program to perform the machining of the plurality of machining locations by the subprogram. A machining number counter (2) for counting the number of times, and a sub-program in which, when the sub-program is executed, a typical operation of the sub-program is performed or machining data stored in the machining-data storage device is added. A discriminating means (3) for discriminating whether or not to operate by comparing the machining location number with the machining frequency; A machining number counter, and a central processing unit that controls and controls the discriminating means. Each machining location is stored in the specific machining data stored in the machining data storage device or in the standard machining data storage device. A numerical control device capable of changing data of a sub-program, characterized in that the standard machining data existing therein is selectively read out through the discriminating means and the sub-program can be executed in accordance with the read-out data.