JPH0686275B2 - Holeless hydraulic elevator with improved car frame - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to elevators, and more particularly to hydraulic elevators without holes.

2. Description of the Related Art A hydraulic elevator having a short lifting distance is known. An elevator of this kind comprises a car which is moved up and down by a hydraulic jack, which hydraulic jack is arranged in a hole under the hoistway below the elevator car. The cost of providing such holes to house the jacks accounts for a significant portion of the cost of assembling the hydraulic elevator. In order to reduce the construction costs associated with such known elevators, holeless hydraulic elevators have been developed. In such a holeless elevator, the car is biased by one or more hydraulic jacks, whose cylinders are generally located along the sides of the car rather than under the car, and the lower end of the jack is It is received in a shallow pit at the bottom of the hoistway rather than in the deep hole as described above. The elimination of the holes in these hydraulic elevators has reduced their construction costs, but current holeless hydraulic elevators still suffer from various drawbacks.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention A number of drawbacks present in today's holeless hydraulic elevators relate to the frame of elevator cars, which, in some cases, have compressive loads on their sides. A vertical beam is used, and a beam is diagonally connected between the vertical column and the car platform. Such a car frame is not only complicated and requires rod fixtures for both the upright stanchions and the car platform and means for adjusting the tension of the rods, but is also quite heavy. Moreover, in such frame constructions, different parts of the frame tend to be subject to compressive and bending loads, which adversely affects the stability of the car under operating conditions and is therefore subject to this by heavy structural members. This has to be dealt with and therefore adds to the weight of the frame member. Such a car frame also affects the ease of repairing the jack. This is because the upright posts are often in a position that interferes with the maintenance of jacks located adjacent to them.

Further, the known hydraulic elevator has various problems in supporting and stabilizing the car by the jack and the guide rail used for the jack. Most of these drawbacks are due to the more or less common solution of supporting the car asymmetrically by means of jacks, which are connected to the sides of the car frame either in front of or behind the center of the car frame. By supporting the car. Therefore, a bending moment is applied to the jack and the guide rail due to the weight of the car, and there is a need to bury the lower end of the jack in the ground. However, in this case, the cylinder of the jack may be electrically corroded. . In addition, heavy rails are required, which adds cost both in terms of elevator material and assembly. Moreover, known hydraulic elevators do not provide sufficient economic means to limit elevator car overshoot (eg, due to hydraulic control system failure), yet such overshoot conditions are present. During that time, the kinetic energy of the car will be consumed.

In view of the above mentioned drawbacks associated with known hydraulic energy and the desire to mechanically simplify such an elevator while at the same time reducing its weight, the present invention has been solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a very simple and stable lightweight hydraulic elevator.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic elevator that is compact and easy to repair.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic elevator which is characterized in that it is very easy to assemble.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic elevator that safely and easily limits the overshoot of an elevator car due to a defective hydraulic system.

In accordance with the present invention, a hydraulic elevator uses a car frame that includes a side frame assembly, each frame assembly comprising a pair of inclined upwardly converging beams, the beams having their lower ends. Is fixed to the car platform and its upper end is fixed to the free end of the plunger rod of the hydraulic jack, forming a lightweight A-shaped frame under tensile load. Such a frame assembly minimizes bending and compressive loads on the frame, thereby increasing mechanical stability. Each of the pair of hydraulic jacks biasing the elevator car is received within the A-shaped frame. The upper end of the slanted beam (which may be tubular)
A fixture, such as a bolt, secures the plunger rod through a bracket with a short U-shaped cross section. Since the above-mentioned bolt penetrates both U-shaped legs of the bracket that sandwich the upper end of the beam, the shearing force acting on the bolt is divided into two at the two connecting points of the U-shaped bracket legs and the bolt. Shear strength is doubled compared to a single connection point. The improved car frame also features a lightweight platform formed by a flat array of tubular beams supporting the floor section and a bracket to which hydraulic control switches are conveniently mounted to extend laterally from the top of the car frame. It has a guide guide that has been shifted.

First Embodiment Referring to FIG. 1, a hydraulic elevator 10 has a sidewall structure.
It is located in a hoistway 15 that includes 20 and a lower pit 25. The elevator itself consists of a car 30 that includes a frame 35, sidewall structures (not shown for clarity), and a platform 40. The car is biased by a pair of upright jacks 45, which are located on either side of the car and are supported within the hoistway 15 on the floor of a pit 25.

The car frame 35 comprises a pair of opposed side frame assemblies, each of which includes a pair of inclined upwardly convergent beams.
55, the lower end of which is fixed to both sides of the car platform. The beam 55 may have a known structural shape,
In the preferred embodiment shown here, it is formed from a sturdy, lightweight tubular steel. The lower ends of the beams are attached by rivets, bolts, or similar fittings to L-shaped brackets that are welded or otherwise attached to the sides of the platform. The upper end of the beam is typically U
Bracketed or riveted to both ends of bracket 65 with a V-shaped cross section, each side of bracket 65 includes a notch 70 that communicates with the head of jack 45. The connection between the beam 55 and the bracket 65 is shown in detail in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, each beam is received inside the bracket outside the middle of the bracket, and the middle of the bracket is connected to the jack by bolts 75. As shown, three bolts 85 pass through the sides of the bracket and each beam, but more fasteners may be used depending on elevator capacity, car weight and other relevant factors. Or less fixtures may be used. As best shown in FIG. 1, the bracket 65 serves to connect the jack and the car frame, and thus the bracket 65.
It will be clear that the weight of the car is high at the connection between the beam 55 and the beam 55. However, the beam is tubular and the bracket
Since 65 is U-shaped, each bolt 85 as shown in FIG.
Passes through the left leg of bracket 65 and the left wall of beam 55, and the beam
It goes through the right wall of 55 and the right leg of the bracket 65. In this way, since the bolt 85 penetrates both U-shaped legs of the bracket that sandwich the upper end of the beam, the shearing force that acts on the bolt depending on the weight of the car is at two connecting points between the U-shaped bracket legs and the bolt. It is bisected and the connection's shear strength is doubled compared to a single connection point. Furthermore, beams 55
The overall tension is high, which enhances the stability of the car and eliminates the need for larger structural parts to melt under load modes of compression and / or bending.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the side frame assemblies are connected to each other by a crosshead 90, which includes a pair of generally parallel channel members 95. Both ends of these channel members are connected to the inwardly extending plate 100 by bolts, rivets or the like. The plate 100 is connected to the beam 55 by welding or similar connection method. The channel member 95 includes a slanted bracket 105 and a transverse bracket that is connected to this bracket by bolts, rivets or other connection methods.
Support 110 and. These brackets 105 and 110 are
At 15, they are connected to each other by bolts, rivets, etc. As shown, each lateral bracket 110
Supports an upper guide shoe 120, which slides into a corresponding guide rail 125 of generally T-shaped cross section mounted on the side wall of the hoistway. Of course, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the engagement of the upper guide shoe 120 and the lower guide shoe 130 (supported by the car frame at the bottom of the platform) with the guide rails 125 adds lateral stability to the car. To be done. Bracket 11
The 0 acts not only as a mount for the guide shoe, but also as a mount for the leveling switch 135, which includes a roller 140 actuated by a fixed cam 145 attached to the guide roller. Of course, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, the leveling switch 135 actuated by the cam 145 and the leveling switch 150 actuated by the cam 155 mounted on the opposite side frame assembly are only It controls the flow of pressurized fluid and controls functions such as acceleration and deceleration of the car by means of jacks. Bracket 1 that serves as a mounting part for the guide shoe 120 and the leveling switch 135
The 10 simplifies the overall construction of the car frame by eliminating the need for separate mounts for these parts.

Platform 40 comprises a generally flat array of tubular beams including a plurality of parallel beams 160, said beams
The ends of 160 are joined (by welding, etc.) by a pair of generally parallel beams 165 arranged orthogonally thereto. The platform comprises a floor portion 167 on the platform frame and attached to it by screws or the like (not shown), which floor portion is made of wood, plywood or structure wood by Weyerhaeuser Company. Sold under the trademark (Structur-wood), one layer aligns wood slices in one same direction (east-west direction), and the next layer aligns wood slices in another orthogonal direction (south-north direction). In this way, a lightweight structural upper plate 170 formed of a material such as a synthetic plate material, which is composed of layers stacked in layers and fixed with a resin, and a fire protection function typically formed of aluminum, sheet steel, or the like. It is a laminated construction with a metal bottom plate 175 that fulfills. Such a platform structure using a planar array of tubular beams and a lightweight floor significantly reduces the weight of the platform compared to known elevator platforms and the strength required for the rest of the car frame, and thus the Reduces weight and eases elevator hydraulic conditions.

Referring to FIG. 2, each jack 45 includes a cylinder 200 including a head 205 defined by housing members 207 and 208, and a plunger 2 disposed within the cylinder 200.
10, the plunger reciprocates relative to the cylinder in response to hydraulic fluid being sent to the cylinder via hydraulic line 215 to change the pressure within the cylinder. The plunger 210 is attached to a connecting rod 220 which extends through the head to the outside of the cylinder 200, the upper end of the rod 200 including a hole into which a bolt 75 is screwed in order to connect the rod to a bracket 65. .

As described above, when the hydraulic control system malfunctions, the hydraulic elevator is provided with means for limiting the overshoot of the car and safely dissipating the kinetic energy of the car due to such overshoot. Is preferred. According to the invention, the jack 45 is combined with a stop means arranged in the vicinity of the cylinder head for limiting the overshoot of the plunger while dissipating its kinetic energy, and with the plunger for contacting this stopper means. Means are provided. As best shown in FIG. 2, the stopper means comprises a steel or similar rigid impact ring 225, which is a resilient urethane ring 2.
Lined with 30, then the urethane ring is lined with a stiff stop ring 235. If the plunger 210 goes too far upward due to a bad hydraulic system, the plunger hits the impact ring 225, which compresses the urethane ring 230 upwards against the stop ring 235, which causes the plunger to move further. In addition to eliminating the overshoot, the urethane ring compression dissipates this overshoot energy and reduces the risk of damage to the jack. The head 220 also houses the rubber shield 240, consumable ring 245 and wiper 250 in a conventional manner. The jacks are received inside the slanted beams 55 and the guide rails are laterally offset from the jacks so that they are easily accessible for easy maintenance. Further, since the car frame and the guide rail do not interfere with the jack, a large clearance can be provided for the head 250, and the four bolts 255
Allows convenient accommodation of two rectangular housing members 207 and 208 fixed to each other at the corners. In contrast, in various known elevator jack designs,
There is a limit to the clearance of the jack head, the head must be cylindrical, and its diameter is 9 to
It would have to be fixed with 12 bolts, thus increasing the manufacturing cost of the head and making it difficult to repair.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the jack 45 is positioned adjacent to the car platform at an intermediate location on opposite sides of the car platform such that the car is generally symmetrically supported and loaded. It reduces the reaction of the rails to the rails and allows the use of lighter weight rails than previously used. Placing the jack on the inside of the side assembly of the car frame (between the slanted beams 55) not only facilitates the repair of the jack, but also makes more efficient use of the interior of the hoistway. .

The upper portion of the guide rail 125 is attached to the hoistway wall by a clamp 260, and the clamp 260 is supported by a fixture 265 bolted to the hoistway wall. The lower end of the guide rail is fixed (by welding or the like) to an angle bracket 270 attached to the pit floor by a suitable means (not shown) such as a bolt. Also, the guide rails and jacks are secured to the hoistway walls and aligned with each other by connection to mounting brackets 275. Bracket 275
Each include a plurality of spaced apart legs 280 at which they are secured to the hoistway sidewalls by brackets, eg, bolts. As shown, the bracket is of unitary construction, with legs 280 alternating with fixed portions (lands) 285 and 290 at which jacks and guide rails are clamped, for example by a clamp. Each is connected to the bracket. The car is supported symmetrically by the jack, so the jack
It is generally symmetrically loaded and therefore it is not necessary to embed the lower end of the jack to allow bending loads, as is known in the art. Thus, the lower end or base of the jack is received within a jack base consisting of an upwardly opening generally U-shaped channel member 295 which is secured to the lid plate 300 by, for example, welding. The ends are closed and the lid plate is
A hole is provided to allow the base of the jack to be aligned and received in the channel member without being vertically constrained. This vertical unconstrained acceptance allows the jack to "jump" upwards freely in the event of a car overshoot, further dissipating its associated kinetic energy. .
The base of the jack also serves as a convenient mount for a receptacle 305 that houses a cushion spring 310 against which the platform descends. These receptacles are secured to the channel member web by suitable means such as bolts.

Another embodiment of the elevator is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this example, the lower portion of the guide rail 125 is removed and the jack cylinder acts as the lower portion of the rail, replacing the lower slotted guide shoe.
A guide shoe 300 consisting of a U-shaped bracket 305 supporting a roller 310 at its end is used. The bracket 305 is bolted at 315 to the mounting member 320 at 315 in alignment with the jack cylinder 200 at the bottom of the car platform so that the roller 310 engages the cylinder wall.
Therefore, in this configuration, lateral stability of the car is achieved at the bottom of the car by the movement of the car along the jack cylinder without the need for the lower guide rails, which further simplifies the elevator and reduces material And the elevator is made more economical both in terms of its assembly cost.

Effects From the above description, it will be apparent that the car frame disclosed herein is simpler than known frames, as no adjustable rods or uprights are required. This frame is more stable than known frames because the side supports are under tensile load, neither significant compressive or bending load is involved, and the joints are rigid. Since the jack is generally coplanar with the side frame assembly, the elevator is compact and the jack can be easily repaired. The floor of the tubular frame further contributes to the weight saving of the elevator, and the centrally located jacks symmetrically support the car frame, which minimizes the reaction of the rails and thus the smaller rails. Can be used. Moreover, since the load is symmetrically applied to the jack, it is not necessary to bury the lower end of the jack, and the risk of electrical corrosion of the jack end due to such burying is eliminated. Furthermore, because there is no need to bury the jack, the jack can be placed on the pit floor without vertical restraint and the entire elevator can be "jumped" in the event of a car overshoot, Such a novel jackhead structure allows the elevator to dissipate the kinetic energy associated with overshooting above the car. By integrally mounting the guide shoe and the leveling switch, and the rail jack bracket and jack base consisting of a part,
Elevator manufacturing and assembly is further simplified.

It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above and that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a preferred embodiment of a hydraulic elevator of the present invention, which is a view in which a part of the elevator is broken or completely removed in order to show the structure in detail, and FIG. One partial cross-sectional view of the hydraulic jack used in the elevator of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a view seen from the direction along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a frame of the elevator car. FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the connection between one used beam and the output member of the hydraulic jack viewed from the direction of line 4-4 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a hydraulic elevator, but with the lower part of the guide rail removed, and FIG. 6 shows a portion of the car frame, the guide shoes carried by it, and the associated hydraulic jack. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line 6-6 in the drawing. 10 …… hydraulic elevator 15 …… hoistway, 20 …… side wall structure 25 …… lower pit, 30 …… car 35 …… frame 40 …… platform 45 …… jack, 55 …… beams 60, 65 …… Bracket 90 …… Crosshead 95 …… Channel member 100 …… Plate 120 …… Guide shoe 125 …… Guide rail 135,150 …… Leveling switch 160 …… Parallel beam 200 …… Cylinder, 205 …… Head 207,208… … Housing 210 …… Plunger 225 …… Impact ring 230 …… Urethane ring 235 …… Stop ring

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An elevator comprising a car including a car frame in which a pair of opposed side frame assemblies are fixed to a platform, and car driving means including an output member, each side frame assembly comprising: A pair of beams fixed to the opposite sides of the platform at their lower ends and obliquely converging upward, and means for connecting between the free end of the output member of the car driving means and the upper end of the beams, The diagonally upwardly converging beams form a lightweight A-frame under tension loading to provide high stability to the car and to accommodate the output member of the car drive means within the A-frame. Elevator characterized by being compact and easy to maintain. 2. The means for connecting between the free end of the output member of the car drive means and the upper end of the beam comprises a first bracket having a U-shaped cross section, the free end of said output member being the first bracket. Is fixed to the central part of the bracket of the first bracket, and the upper end of the beam is fixed to the inner side of the first bracket by a fixing tool that penetrates both leg parts of the bracket and the upper end of the beam from the central part of the bracket. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein 3. The elevator according to claim 2, wherein the fixture is a bolt. 4. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein at least one guide shoe is mounted on the side frame assembly laterally away from the center of the side frame assembly. 5. The elevator according to claim 4, wherein a switching means for controlling the car driving means is attached to a member for attaching the guide shoe to the side frame assembly laterally away from the center of the side frame assembly. 6. The side frame assembly includes a crosshead, and the member for attaching the guide shoe to the side frame assembly comprises a bracket mounted to the crosshead in close proximity to the side frame assembly. Elevator described in. 7. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein the platform includes a platform frame formed by flatly arranging tubular beams. 8. The elevator according to claim 7, wherein the flat array of tubular beams comprises the ends of a plurality of parallel beams joined to a pair of beams orthogonal to the parallel beams. 9. The platform includes a floor portion secured to and overlying the platform frame, the floor portion being a laminate of a fire protection metal lower plate and a lighter upper plate thereon. The elevator according to claim 7, which has a structure. 10. The elevator according to claim 9, wherein the lower plate is aluminum. 11. The elevator according to claim 9, wherein the upper plate is a synthetic plate material made of a layer in which a thin piece of wood is fixed with a resin.