JPH0686966B2 - Absorption cold water heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Use The present invention maintains the cold / hot water temperature in a substantially predetermined range and simultaneously controls the cold water output and the hot water output so as to substantially match the respective loads. Type absorption chiller / heater (hereinafter,
This type of absorption chiller-heater)) of the improvement.

(B) Conventional technology As a conventional technology of this type of absorption chiller-heater, one equipped with a control device that automatically selects the temperature control ability of the chiller-heater as a whole between cold water temperature and hot water temperature [ Japanese Patent Publication Sho 52-5
84), that is, specifically, this controller detects the chilled water outlet temperature and opens the absorption liquid control valve and the fuel control valve when the chilled water load is 30% or more of the total load. Temperature is adjusted and the hot water outlet temperature is detected to adjust the opening of the heating control valve, while the chilled water load is
When the temperature is less than 30%, the hot water outlet temperature is detected to adjust the opening of the absorbent control valve and fuel control valve, and the cold water outlet temperature is detected to adjust the opening of the refrigerant control valve to output cold water and hot water output. It is known to control so that each load is almost matched to each load.

(C) Problems to be solved by the invention In the conventional absorption chiller-heater of this type described above, when the chilled water load is less than 30% of the total load, the refrigerant control valve is throttled to provide a heat source to the low temperature generator. As a result, the flow rate of the refrigerant as a refrigerant is reduced, which causes a problem that the concentration efficiency of the absorbing liquid flowing to the absorber is excessively decreased and the pressure of the high temperature generator is excessively increased. When the temperature becomes extremely small, an excessive temperature drop of the cold water or an excessive temperature rise of the hot water is likely to occur, so that there is also a problem that the operation of the protective device often interrupts the operation.

In view of such problems, the present invention can keep the temperature of cold water or hot water within a predetermined range even when the cold water load or the hot water load is significantly small, can prevent the interruption of the operation, and The purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption chiller-heater of this kind capable of controlling the output of the chilled-hot water which is almost suitable.

(D) Means for Solving Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a first controller and a water heater that adjust the discharge amount of a pump arranged in a concentrated solution flow path by the cold water outlet temperature. This type of absorption cold / hot water is provided with a second controller for adjusting the opening degree of the control valve of the refrigerant flow rate according to the hot water outlet temperature and a third controller for adjusting the heating amount of the generator by selecting a cold water load and a hot water load. It is configured to control the temperature control ability of the machine.

(E) Action This type of absorption chiller-heater according to the present invention exerts the function (action) of adjusting the refrigerant absorption capacity of the absorber, which directly affects the chilled water output, by controlling the discharge rate of the concentrated solution pump. ,
The chilled water output control has excellent followability, and the refrigerant absorption capacity of the absorber can be almost lost by stopping the operation of the concentrated solution pump. Moreover, since the discharge rate of the concentrated solution pump is controlled by the cold water outlet temperature, this function has the function of maintaining the temperature within a predetermined range and performing a quick cold water output control that almost matches the cold water load. Brought to the absorption cold water heater. And, because the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the hot water that directly affects the hot water output is adjusted by controlling the refrigerant circulation amount in the water heater based on the hot water outlet temperature, the hot water outlet temperature can be maintained within a predetermined range. This type of absorption chiller-heater also has the function of controlling the hot water output in accordance with the hot water load. Moreover, since the heating amount of the generator is controlled by selecting one of the cold water load and the hot water load, the function of reducing the heat balance imbalance of the entire absorption chiller-heater is brought about, and the heat balance is almost eliminated. It is also possible to balance. Furthermore, by controlling the heating amount of the generator by selecting the larger load (or the higher load ratio) of the cold water load and the hot water load, there is a function that can balance the heat balance even better. Brought to this type of absorption chiller.

(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of an absorption chiller-heater of this kind according to the present invention. In FIG.
(1) is a high temperature generator, (2) is a low temperature generator, (3) is a condenser, (4) is an evaporator, (5) is an absorber, (6),
(7) is a low temperature and high temperature solution heat exchanger, ((P _R ) is a refrigerant liquid pump, ((P _LA ) is a dilute solution pump, respectively)
((P _HA ) is a concentrated solution pump, and (8) is a concentrated solution reservoir provided with an overflow port of the absorbent to the dilute solution reservoir (9) of the absorber (5). These devices include pipelines (10), (11) through which the refrigerant flows, and pipelines (1) through which the refrigerant liquid flows.
2), Refrigerant liquid reflux pipes (13), (14), Dilute solution feed pipes (15), (16), (17), (18), Intermediate concentration solution flow pipes ( 19), (20), pipelines (21), (22) through which the concentrated solution flows, pipelines (23) through which the concentrated solution is sent,
(24) are connected to form a circulation path for the refrigerant [water] and the solution [lithium bromide aqueous solution]. (25) is a water heater, and the water heater and the high temperature generator (1) are connected by a pipeline (26) through which a refrigerant vapor flows and a pipeline (27) through which a refrigerant drain flows down to form a refrigerant circulation path. Has been done.

(28) is a combustion heating chamber of the high temperature generator (1), (B) is a burner, (F) is a blower for the burner (B), and (29) is air supply that connects the burner (B) and the blower (F). Road, (30)
Is a fuel supply path connecting a fuel source (not shown) and the burner (B), (31), (31) ...
2) is a flue for combustion waste gas.

(33) is a low temperature generator (2) heater, (34) is a condenser (3) cooler, (35) is an evaporator (4) chiller, (3)
6) is the cooler of the absorber (5), (37) is the water heater (2
It is the heat exchanger of 5). (38), (39) and (40) are cooling water pipe lines (41) in which coolers (36) and (34) are connected in series,
(42) is a cold water pipe connecting a load side heat exchange unit (not shown) and a water cooler (35), and (43) and (44) are heat exchangers (37) and load side heat exchange units [43]. It is a pipe for hot water that is connected to [not shown]. Further, (45) and (46) are sprayers for concentrated solution and refrigerant liquid, respectively.

(V _HR ) is a flow rate control valve for the refrigerant drain provided in the pipe line (27), (D) is a damper provided in the air supply line (29),
(V _F ) is a fuel control valve provided in the fuel supply path (30).

(S _CWT1 ) and (S _CWT2 ) are the first and second _parts provided in the pipe line (42) for detecting the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the water cooler (35) (hereinafter referred to as the cold water outlet temperature), respectively. The temperature detector ( _SCWT3 ) is a third temperature detector provided in the pipe (41) for detecting the temperature of cold water flowing into the water cooler (35) (hereinafter referred to as cold water inlet temperature), S _HWT4 ), (S
_HWT5 ) includes a fourth and fifth temperature detectors (S) provided in the pipe line (44) for detecting the temperature of the hot water flowing out from the heat exchanger (37) (hereinafter referred to as the hot water outlet temperature), respectively. _HWT6 )
Is a sixth temperature detector provided in the pipe line (43) for detecting the temperature of hot water flowing into the heat exchanger (37) (hereinafter referred to as hot water inlet temperature).

(C _WT ) is a temperature controller that receives a signal from the first temperature detector (S _CWT1 ), and (C _P ) is a controller for the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) that receives a signal from the temperature controller (C _WT ). It is a controller that issues a control signal for adjusting the discharge rate, and for example, this controller incorporates an inverter for adjusting the motor rotation speed of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ). Then, by electrically connecting the first temperature detector (S _CWT1 ), the temperature controller (C _WT ), the controller (C _P ), and the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ),
A concentrated solution flow rate controller is configured.

(SW _CH) second temperature detector (S _CWT2) and the fifth temperature detector (S _HWT5) and in cold switcher which are electrically connected, this cold switching unit such as the above-mentioned detectors (S _CWT2 ), The signal from ( _SHWT5 ) with a larger voltage or current value is selected and input, and an automatic selection circuit (not shown) that receives the signal from the detector with the load or the higher load ratio is provided. It is built in. The automatic selection circuit built in the cold / hot temperature switch (SW _CH ) is the same as the conventional one. The cold / hot temperature switch (SW _CH ) may be configured by a switch that manually switches signals. In addition, (C _VD ) is the cold temperature switch (S
It is W in response to a signal from _CH) fuel control valve (V _F) and regulator for emitting a control signal for the opening adjustment of the damper (D). Then, the second temperature detector (S _CWT2 ), the fifth temperature detector (S _HWT5 ), the cold temperature switch (SW _CH ), the controller (C _VD ),
Fuel control valve (V _F) and the heating amount adjusting device by a damper (D) is formed. In this heating amount adjusting device, the cold water load is detected by the second temperature detector (S _CWT2 ), but this is detected by the third temperature detector (S _CWT3 ) or this temperature and the second temperature detection. vessel (S _CWT2) sensing detected by the difference in temperature may be [or calorie detector (not shown) directly to detection in] and, also, the hot water load is detected by the fifth temperature detector (S _{HWT5) May be} detected (or detected by a calorie detector) by the difference in the sensed temperature between this detector and the sixth temperature detector ( _SHWT6 ) or the sensed temperature of the sixth temperature detector.

Further, (C _HWT ) is a temperature controller that receives a signal from the fourth temperature detector (S _HWT4 ) and issues a control signal for adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate control valve (V _HR ). by electrically connecting the fourth temperature detector (S _HWT4) and flow control valve (V _HR), the high-temperature generator (1) and water heater (25) refrigerant flow rate adjusting device between it is formed.

Next, an operation example of the absorption chiller-heater configured as above (hereinafter referred to as the main unit) will be described.

If the chilled water outlet temperature starts to change as the chilled water load changes during operation of this machine, as shown in Fig. 2, the discharge rate of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) [the motor of this pump The rotation speed] is proportionally controlled by the signal of the first temperature detector (S _CWT1 ) via the temperature controller (C _WT ) and the controller (C _P ). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cold water outlet temperature and the discharge amount of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) [motor speed of the pump].

In this way, by controlling the discharge amount of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) and adjusting the amount of concentrated solution sprayed to the cooler (36) of the absorber (5) according to the cold water outlet temperature, the cooler (36)
In other words, the refrigerant absorption amount of the concentrated solution, in other words, the refrigerant evaporation amount in the water cooler (35) of the evaporator (4) is adjusted according to the cold water load, and the cold water having a temperature within a predetermined range substantially corresponding to the cold water load. Is obtained. Then, even if a slight cold water load or no load is applied, the discharge amount of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) is set to a small amount or zero, so that the refrigerant absorption amount of the concentrated solution in the cooler (36), that is, the cold water ( Since the amount of refrigerant evaporation in 35) is slight or almost zero, the refrigeration capacity of this machine is unlikely to be excessive. Therefore, in this machine,
Even if the condition of a minute cold water load continues for a long time, there is almost no risk of causing over-cooling of the load side or freezing of cold water, and operation may be interrupted due to protection devices such as antifreeze devices working. Nothing. For this reason, this machine is also suitable for cooling a part of a multipurpose building or a common building at night or in winter.

When the concentrated solution reservoir (8) is filled with the liquid by making the discharge amount of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ) small, this liquid overflows into the dilute solution reservoir (9). And again
The non-evaporated refrigerant liquid also overflows from the refrigerant liquid reservoir (47) of the evaporator (4) to the dilute solution reservoir (9). Therefore, even if a slight load of cold water continues for a long time, the solution circulating in the machine is not excessively concentrated and crystallized, and the operation can be safely continued.

Also, in this machine, the amount of concentrated solution sprayed to the cooler (36) can be quickly changed by increasing or decreasing the discharge amount of the concentrated solution pump (P _HA ), so that the absorber ( The refrigerant absorption capacity of 5) can be adjusted quickly. Therefore, this machine also has an advantage that the response speed of the refrigeration capacity control with respect to the change of the cold water load is fast.

On the other hand, when the hot water outlet temperature starts to change with the change of the hot water load during the operation of this machine, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening degree of the flow control valve (V _HR ) is the fourth temperature detector. (S _HWT4) signal is proportionally controlled via temperature controller to (C _HWT) by the. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hot water outlet temperature and the opening degree of the flow rate control valve (V _HR ).

In this way, by controlling the opening of the flow control valve (V _HR ) and adjusting the refrigerant circulation amount between the water heater (25) and the high temperature generator (1) according to the hot water outlet temperature, the water heater (25 The liquid level inside) rises and falls, and the heat transfer area between the steam and the heat exchanger (37), in other words, the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant vapor and hot water is adjusted according to the hot water load, and the heat transfer area is almost the same as the hot water load. Hot water with a range of temperatures is obtained. Then, when there is almost no hot water load, the hot water output is adjusted to almost zero by filling the water heater (25) with the liquid.

And also, during the operation of the machine, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a fuel control valve (V _F) and opening the second temperature detector of the damper (D) (S _CWT2) Third temperature Detector ( _SCWT3 )] or 5th temperature detector ( _SHWT5 ) [6th temperature detector (S
_HWT6 )] signal is used for proportional control via the cold / _heat switch (SW _CH ) and controller (C _VD ). Figure 4 is coolant outlet [inlet] temperature and the fuel control valve (V _F) and the damper (D)
Is a diagram showing the relationship between the degree of opening of, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the degree of opening of the hot water outlet [inlet] temperature and the fuel control valve (V _F) and the damper (D) .

In this machine, for example, when the cooling load is larger than the heating load, as in the case of using this machine only in summer,
Fuel control valve (V _F) and the damper opening control i.e. high temperature generator (D) (1) of the heating amount adjusting the second temperature detector (S _CWT2) and / or the third temperature detector i.e. (S _CWT3) For example, it is performed only by the signal from the cold water load side detector. On the contrary, when the machine is used only in the winter _season , the heating amount is adjusted only by the signal from the fifth temperature sensor (S _HWT5 ) and / or the sixth temperature sensor (S _HWT6 ), in other words, the hot water load side sensor. .

Also, since the heating amount adjustment device of this machine has a cool / heat switching device (SW _CH ), by switching this to the C side in the summer and the H side in the winter, the machine can be switched between summer and winter. You can also use it in the case of.

In this way, in this machine, since it is possible to perform heating adjustment based on the larger load [or load ratio], the heat balance of this machine can be almost balanced.

Furthermore, since the cool / heat switch (SW _CH ) has an automatic selection mechanism [not shown] that adjusts the heating amount according to the signal from the detector with the larger load [or load ratio], It is also possible to use this machine in mid-season, such as in intense areas or spring and autumn.

And, in this machine, like the conventional absorption chiller-heater of this type that controls the opening of the refrigerant flow control valve provided in the pipe line (11) to adjust the refrigerating capacity, simultaneous cold and hot water extraction operation is performed. Of the low-temperature generator (2) when throttling the refrigerant flow rate control valve in [2], excessive pressure rise and temperature rise on the high-temperature generator (1) side and the water heater (25) side There is no fear of causing such problems.

Although not shown, the pipelines (11), (18), (19)
It is needless to say that the operation function of taking out only one of the cold water and the hot water can be provided to this machine by providing an opening / closing valve in the above.

(G) Effect of the Invention As described above, in this type of absorption chiller-heater according to the present invention, compared with the conventional absorption chiller-heater of this type with respect to the cold-hot water load while keeping the cold-hot water temperature within a predetermined range. The effect of being able to control the hot and cold water output efficiently and promptly is brought about, and when the load is minute, the amount of heating in the generator is reduced and the amount of refrigerant vapor generated from the rare absorption liquid is reduced. The concentration of the solution flowing from the generator to the concentrated solution reservoir is significantly reduced, and the discharge rate of the concentrated solution pump is reduced.However, when the concentrated solution reservoir is filled with the solution, the solution is stored in the dilute reservoir of the absorber. It is possible to secure the circulation amount of the solution by avoiding the overflow of the solution, the large amount of the solution accumulated in the concentrated solution flow path from the generator to the absorber, and the decrease of the circulation amount of the solution. Excessive pressure rise, temperature rise, etc. on the crystal or water heater or generator side Therefore, it is possible to continue the operation safely without the possibility of causing the operation to be interrupted, and to bring out the effect that the heat balance is almost balanced and the cold and hot water suitable for the load can be taken out.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of an absorption chiller-heater of this kind according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a chilled water outlet temperature and a discharge amount of a concentrated solution pump [motor speed of the pump]. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the hot water outlet temperature and the opening degree of the flow control valve, FIG.
FIG. 5 shows an example of the relationship between the cold water outlet temperature [cold water inlet temperature] and the opening of the fuel control valve and damper, and an example of the relationship between the hot water outlet temperature [hot water inlet temperature] and the opening of the fuel control valve and damper. FIG. (1) …… High temperature generator, (2) …… Low temperature generator, (3)
… Condenser, (4) …… Evaporator, (5) …… Absorber,
(8) …… concentrated solution reservoir, (9) …… dilute solution reservoir,
(P _LA ) ... dilute solution pump, (P _HA ) ... concentrated solution pump, (21), (22), (23), (24) ... pipe, (25)
...... Water heater, (26), (27) …… Pipe line, (29) …… Air supply line, (30) …… Fuel supply line, (D) …… Damper,
(V _F ) …… Fuel control valve, (41), (42) …… Cold water pipeline, (43), (44) …… Hot water pipeline, (S _CWT1 ), (S
_CWT2 ) ( _SCWT3 ), ( _SHWT4 ), ( _SHWT5 ), ( _SHWT6 ) ...
... 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th temperature detectors,
(C _WT ), (C _HWT ) ... Temperature controller, (V _HR ) ... Flow control valve, (SW _CH ) ... Cool temperature switch, (C _VD ) ... Controller, (C _P ) ... Controller.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A concentrated solution reservoir in which a concentrated solution from a generator flows in and an overflow port of the concentrated solution to a dilute solution reservoir of an absorber is provided at an upper portion, and a concentrated solution from the concentrated solution reservoir to a sprinkler of the absorber is provided. A solution flow path, a pump arranged in this concentrated solution flow path, a concentrated solution flow rate controller that controls the discharge amount of this pump by a signal from a detector of the cold water outlet temperature of the evaporator, a generator and a water heater. Between the chilled water flow rate adjusting device for controlling the opening degree of the flow rate control valve disposed in the refrigerant flow path by the signal of the detector for the hot water outlet temperature of the water heater, and the load detector on the chilled water side for the heating amount of the generator. An absorption chiller-heater, comprising: a load detector on the hot water side and a heating amount adjusting device for selecting and controlling one of the load detectors. 2. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the heating amount adjusting device has an input signal switcher for selecting one of a cold water load detector and a hot water load detector. . 3. The absorption refrigeration system according to claim 2, wherein the input signal switch has an automatic signal selection mechanism so as to input the signal from the load detector with the larger load to the heating amount adjusting device. Machine.